# Aspargesordenen

| Aspargesordenen
 |
| --- |
| *Dracula vampira* |
| Nomenklatur |
| Asparagales Link |
| Klassifikasjon |
| Rike | Planteriket  |
| Divisjon | Karplanter  |
| Klasse | Blomsterplanter  |
| Gruppe | enfrøbladete planter  |
| Økologi
 |
| Antall arter
 | ca. 30 000
 |
| Habitat
 | terrestrisk
 |
| Utbredelse
 | hele verden
 |
| Inndelt i |
| * aloefamilien (Asphodelaceae)
* aspargesfamilien (Asparagaceae)
* Asteliaceae
* Blandfordiaceae
* Boryaceae
* Doryanthaceae
* Hypoxidaceae
* Ixioliriaceae
* Lanariaceae
* påskeliljefamilien (Amaryllidaceae)
* orkidéfamilien (Orchidaceae)
* sverdliljefamilien (Iridaceae)
* Tecophilaeaceae
* Xeronemataceae
 |

**Asparagales** er en orden av enfrøbladete planter. De fleste artene inngår i orkidéfamilien, som kanskje er den største familien av blomsterplanter, men noen av de andre familiene er også artsrike. Asparagales omfatter omtrent halvparten av alle enfrøbladete planter og 10–15 % av alle blomsterplanter.

I eldre systematikk, for eksempel Cronquist-systemet, ble disse plantene regnet til Liliales, og noen tilhørte den store liljefamilien (Liliaceae). Molekylærgenetikk viser at Asparagales er en naturlig gruppe, men gruppen er vanskelig å definere utfra morfologi.

Det har vært mange oppfatninger om systematikken innenfor gruppen. Denne artikkelen følger APG IV-systemet med 14 familier. Aloefamilien (Asphodelaceae), påskeliljefamilien (Amaryllidaceae) og aspargesfamilien (Asparagaceae) er utvidet ved at flere tidligere familier nå har status som underfamilier. Orkidéfamilien (Orchidaceae) er søstergruppen til resten av Asparagales.

## Delgrupper

Følgende kladogram viser antatt slektskap innenfor Asparagales. Norske navn følger Artsdatabanken.

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|    **Asparagales**    |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
orkidéfamilien (Orchidaceae) |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
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Boryaceae |
|  |
|    Hypoxidaceae *s.l.*    |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
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Blandfordiaceae |
|  |
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|  |  |
| --- | --- |
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Lanariaceae |
|  |
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| --- | --- |
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Asteliaceae |
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Hypoxidaceae |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| --- | --- |
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Ixioliriaceae |
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Tecophilaeaceae |
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 |
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| --- | --- |
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Doryanthaceae |
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| --- | --- |
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sverdliljefamilien (Iridaceae) |
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| --- | --- |
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Xeronemataceae |
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|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|    aloefamilien (Asphodelaceae *s.l.*)    |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
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Hemerocallidoideae (= Hemerocallidaceae, «dagliljefamilien») |
|  |
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|  |  |
| --- | --- |
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Xanthorrhoeoideae (= Xanthorrhoeaceae *s.s.*) |
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Asphodeloideae (= Asphodelaceae, «aloefamilien» i snever betydning) |
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 |
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|    'core' Asparagales    |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|    påskeliljefamilien (Amaryllidaceae *s.l.*)    |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
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Agapanthoideae (= Agapanthaceae) |
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| --- | --- |
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Allioideae (= Alliaceae *s.s.*, «løkfamilien») |
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Amaryllidoideae (= Amaryllidaceae *s.s.*, «narsissfamilien») |
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|    aspargesfamilien (Asparagaceae *s.l.*)    |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| --- | --- |
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Aphyllanthoideae (= Aphyllanthaceae) |
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| --- | --- |
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Brodiaeoideae (= Themidaceae) |
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Scilloideae (= Hyacinthaceae, «hyasintfamilien») |
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Agavoideae (= Agavaceae, «agavefamilien») |
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| --- | --- |
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Lomandroideae (= Laxmanniaceae) |
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| --- | --- |
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Asparagoideae (= Asparagaceae *s.s.*, «aspargesfamilien» i snever betydning) |
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Nolinoideae (= Ruscaceae) |
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## Kilder

* «Asparagales». APWEbsite. Besøkt 29. oktober 2016.
* The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III (2009). «An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III». *Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society*. 161 (2): 105-121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x.
* The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group IV (2016). «An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV». *Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society*. 181: 1-20. doi:10.1111/boj.12385.
* M.W. Chase, J.L. Reveal og M.F. Fay (2009). «A subfamilial classification for the expanded asparagalean families Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae». *Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society*. 161 (2): 132–136. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00999.x.

## Eksterne lenker

* (en) *aspargesordenen* – oversikt og omtale av artene i WORMS-databasen

* (en) *aspargesordenen* i Encyclopedia of Life

* (en) *aspargesordenen* i Global Biodiversity Information Facility

* (no) *aspargesordenen* hos Artsdatabanken

* (sv) *aspargesordenen* hos Dyntaxa

* (en) *aspargesordenen* hos Fossilworks

* (en) *aspargesordenen* hos ITIS

* (en) *aspargesordenen* hos NCBI

* (en) *aspargesordenen* hos Tropicos

* (en) *Kategori:Asparagales* – bilder, video eller lyd på Wikimedia Commons

* (en) *Asparagales* – galleri av bilder, video eller lyd på Wikimedia Commons