# Rattus

| *Rattus* Julat zaman: Pleistosen Awal – Kini |
| --- |
|  |
| Tikus mondok (*Rattus norvegicus*) |
| Pengelasan saintifik  |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Alam: | Animalia |
| Filum: | Chordata |
| Kelas: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Keluarga: | Muridae |
| Subkeluarga: | Murinae |
| Genus: | *Rattus* Fischer de Waldheim, 1803 |
| Spesies jenis |
| *Rattus rattus* Linnaeus, 1758 |
| Spesies |
|
68 spesies |
| Sinonim |
| * *Stenomys*  Thomas, 1910
* *Acanthomys*  Gray, 1867
* *Christomys*  Sody, 1941
* *Cironomys*  Sody, 1941
* *Epimys*  Trouessart, 1881
* *Geromys*  Sody, 1941
* *Mollicomys*  Sody, 1941
* *Octomys*  Sody, 1941
* *Pullomys*  Sody, 1941
* *Togomys*  Dieterlen, 1989
 |

Vincent van Gogh (1884)
Rattus atau **tikus** ialah genus dalam keluarga tikus yang bersaiz sederhana. Ahli yang penting sekali bagi manusia ialah tikus rumah, *Rattus rattus*, dan tikus bandar, *Rattus norvegicus*.

## Taksonomi

### Spesies

Genus Rattus *incertae sedis*
	+ Tikus Annandale (*Rattus annandalei*) – Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Singapura
	+ Tikus Enggano (*Rattus enganus*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus hutan Filipina (*Rattus everetti*) – Filipina
	+ Tikus Polinesia (*Rattus exulans*) – Fiji dan kebanyakan pulau Polinesia islands, New Zealand, Pulau Easter, dan Hawaii
	+ Tikus Hainald (*Rattus hainaldi*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus Hoogerwerf (*Rattus hoogerwerfi*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus Korinch (*Rattus korinchi*) – Indonesia
	+ †Tikus Maclear (*Rattus macleari*) – Pulau Krismas
	+ Tikus Nillu (*Rattus montanus*) – Sri Lanka
	+ Tikus ekor cengkam Maluku (*Rattus morotaiensis*) – Indonesia
	+ †Tikus bulldog (*Rattus nativitatis*) – Pulau Krismas
	+ Tikus Kerala (*Rattus ranjiniae*) – India
	+ Tikus hutan New Ireland (*Rattus sanila*)
	+ Tikus Andaman (*Rattus stoicus*) – Kepulauan Andaman
	+ Tikus Timor (*Rattus timorensis*) – Timor
* Kumpulan *R. norvegicus*
	+ Tikus padang Himalaya (*Rattus nitidus*) – Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Palau, Filipina, Thailand, dan Vietnam
	+ Tikus mondok atau tikus Norway (*Rattus norvegicus*) – seluruh dunia kecuali Antartika
	+ Tikus Turkestan (*Rattus pyctoris*; obs. *Rattus turkestanicus*) – Afghanistan, China, India, Iran, Kyrgyzstan, Nepal, dan Pakistan
* Kumpulan *R. rattus*
	+ Tikus selar matahari (*Rattus adustus*) – Pulau Enggano, Indonesia
	+ Tikus Sikkim (*Rattus andamanensis*) – Bhutan, Kemboja, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, dan Vietnam
	+ Tikus sawah (*Rattus argentiventer*) – Asia Tenggara
	+ Tikus puncak (*Rattus baluensis*) – Malaysia
	+ Tikus Aceh (*Rattus blangorum*)
	+ Tikus mengarut (*Rattus burrus*) – India
	+ Tikus Hoffmann (*Rattus hoffmanni*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus Koopman (*Rattus koopmani*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus sawah kecil (*Rattus losea*) – China, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, dan Vietnam
	+ Tikus Mentawai (*Rattus lugens*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus hitam Mindoro (*Rattus mindorensis*) – Filipina
	+ Tikus bulu lembut kecil (*Rattus mollicomulus*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus Osgood (*Rattus osgoodi*) – Vietnam
	+ Tikus palma (*Rattus palmarum*) – India
	+ Tikus rumah (*Rattus rattus*) – seluruh dunia kecuali Antartika
	+ Tikus hutan Sahyadris (*Rattus satarae*)
	+ Tikus Simalur (*Rattus simalurensis*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus Tanezumi (*Rattus tanezumi*) – Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Kemboja, China, Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling), Fiji, India, Indonesia, Jepun, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Filipina, Taiwan, Thailand, dan Vietnam
	+ Tikus Tawitawi forest (*Rattus tawitawiensis*) – Filipina
	+ Tikus Malayan field (*Rattus tiomanicus*) – Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipina, dan Thailand
* Kumpulan *R. xanthurus*
	+ Tikus Bonthain (*Rattus bontanus*; obs. *Rattus foramineus*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus opossum (*Rattus marmosurus*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus Peleng (*Rattus pelurus*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus xanthurus tenggara (*Rattus salocco*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus ekor kuning (*Rattus xanthurus*) – Indonesia
* Kumpulan *R. leucopus* (New Guinea)
	+ Tikus gunung Vogelkop (*Rattus arfakiensis*)
	+ Tikus gunung Papua Barat (*Rattus arrogans*)
	+ Tikus Sula (*Rattus elaphinus*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus Spiny Ceram (*Rattus feliceus*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus Giluwe (*Rattus giluwensis*) – Papua New Guinea
	+ Tikus Japen (*Rattus jobiensis*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus Cape York (*Rattus leucopus*) – Australia, Indonesia, dan Papua New Guinea
	+ Tikus timur (*Rattus mordax*) – Papua New Guinea
	+ Tikus hutan lumut (*Rattus niobe*) – Papua New Guinea, Indonesia
	+ Tikus New Guinea (*Rattus novaeguineae*) – Papua New Guinea
	+ Tikus Arianus (*Rattus omichlodes*)
	+ Tikus tanah tinggi Pocock (*Rattus pococki*)
	+ Tikus berduri besar New Guinea (*Rattus praetor*) – Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, dan Solomon Islands
	+ Tikus glasier (*Rattus richardsoni*) – Indonesia
	+ Tikus Stein (*Rattus steini*) – Indonesia dan Papua New Guinea
	+ Tikus Van Deusen (*Rattus vandeuseni*) – Papua New Guinea
	+ Tikus langsing (*Rattus verecundus*) – Indonesia dan Papua New Guinea
* *R. fuscipes* group (Australian group)
	+ Tikus muram (*Rattus colletti*) – Australia
	+ Tikus semak (*Rattus fuscipes*) – Australia
	+ Tikus paya Australia (*Rattus lutreolus*) – Australia
	+ Tikus padang muram (*Rattus sordidus*) – Australia, Indonesia, dan Papua New Guinea
	+ Tikus padang pucat (*Rattus tunneyi*) – Australia
	+ Tikus bulu lebat (*Rattus villosissimus*) – Australia

### Filogeni

Filogeni spesies *Rattus* terpilih ini adalah daripada Pagès, et al. (2010).

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|  | *Berylmys bowersi* |
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|  | *Berylmys berdmorei* |
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|  | *Bandicota savilei* |
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|  | *Bandicota indica* |
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| Rattus  |

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|  | *Rattus nitidus* |
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|  | *Rattus norvegicus* |
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|  | *Rattus exulans* |
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|  | *Rattus andamanensis* |
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|  | *Rattus argentiventer* |
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|  | *Rattus tiomanicus* |
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|  | *Rattus losea* |
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|  | *Rattus sp.* |
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|  | *Rattus tanezumi* |
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|  | *Rattus rattus* |
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## Rujukan