# Fiteny indôneziana

Ny **fitenyindôneziana** dia fiteny ôfisialin' ny Repoblikan' Indônezia. Anisan' ny fiteny miasa ihany koa io fiteny io any amin' ny Repoblikan' i Timôro Atsinanana. Fiteny aostroneziana nampiasaina ho *lingua franca* tao amin' ny vondronosy Indôneziana izay mampiasa fiteny maro samihafa nandritra ny taonjato maro ny fiteny indôneziana. Iray amin' ireo endriky ny fiteny malay (*bahasa Melayu*) ny fiteny indôneziana. Tsy fitenin-drenin' ny ankamaroan' ny Indôneziana io fiteny io. Any am-pianarana ny ankizy indôneziana vao mianatra an' io fiteny io. Atao hoe *Bahasa Indonesia*, izany hoe "fitenin' i Indônezia", io fiteny io amin' ny teny indôneziana.

Ny fiteny malay anefa no fitenin' ny faritra manontolo (*bahasa daerah*) any amin' ny morontsiraka atsinanan' ny nosy Sumatra, ny marimarina kokoa amin' ny morontsiraka atsinanan' ny faritanin' i Sumatra Avaratra sy ny faritanin' i Riau, nosy Riau sy Jambi ary Sumatra Atsimo ary ny sisin-dranomasin' ny faritanin' i Kalimantan Andrefana, Kalimantan Atsimo ary Kalimantan Atsinanana ao amin' ny nosy Borneo.

## Fanoratana sy fanononana

Ny fiteny indôneziana dia soratana amin' ny abidy latina. Ny litera dia tononina toy ny amin' ny fiteny malagasy, afa-tsy amin' ny tranga sasany.

### Fanoratana sy famakiana

#### Ny abidy indôneziana

Abidy indôneziana| Isa | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sora-baventy | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
| Sora-madinika | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z |

Anarana sy famakiana

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Litera** | **Anarany** | **Famakiana azy** | **Feo mifanakaiky aminy** |
| Aa | *a* (/a/) | /a/ | toy ny ⟨a⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *anana* |
| Bb | *bé* (/be/) | /b/ | toy ny ⟨b⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *biby* |
| Cc | *cé* (/t͡ʃe/) | /t͡ʃ/ | toy ny ⟨tch⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *Tchad* |
| Dd | *dé* (/de/) | /d/ | toy ny ⟨d⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *dada* |
| Ee | *é* (/e/) | /ə/, /e/, /ɪ/, /ɛ/ | toy ny ⟨e⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *mena* |
| Ff | *éf* (/ef/) | /f/ | toy ny ⟨f⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *fafy* |
| Gg | *gé* (/ge/) | /ɡ/ | toy ny ⟨g⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *gaga* |
| Hh | *ha* (/ha/) | /h/ | toy ny ⟨h⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *hehy* |
| Ii | *i* (/i/) | /i/, /ɪ/ | toy ny ⟨i⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *mino* |
| Jj | *jé* (/d͡ʒe/) | /d͡ʒ/ | toy ny ⟨dj⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *Djibouti* |
| Kk | *ka* (/ka/) | /k/ | toy ny ⟨k⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *koka* |
| Ll | *él* (/el/) | /l/ | toy ny ⟨l⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *lalana* |
| Mm | *ém* (/em/) | /m/ | toy ny ⟨m⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *mamy* |
| Nn | *én* (/en/) | /n/ | toy ny ⟨n⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *noho* |
| Oo | *o* (/o/) | /o/, /ʊ/, /ɔ/ | toy ny ⟨ô⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *gôga* |
| Pp | *pé* (/pe/) | /p/ | toy ny ⟨p⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *parasy* |
| Qq | *ki* (/ki/) | /q/ ~ /k/ | toy ny ⟨q⟩ q ao amin' ny teny hoe Q*atar* |
| Rr | *ér* (/er/) | /r/ | toy ny ⟨r⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *rano* |
| Ss | *és* (/es/) | /s/ | toy ny ⟨s⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *lasa* |
| Tt | *té* (/te/) | /t/ | toy ny ⟨t⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *tano* |
| Uu | *u* (/u/) | /u/, /ʊ/ | toy ny ⟨o⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *orana* |
| Vv | *vé* (/ve/ or /fe/) | /v/ ~ /f/ | toy ny ⟨v⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *vao* |
| Ww | *wé* (/we/) | /w/ | toy ny ⟨w⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *watt* |
| Xx | *éks* (/eks/) | /ks/, /s/ | toy ny ⟨ks⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *eksôdôsy* |
| Yy | *yé* (/je/) | /j/ | toy ny ⟨y⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *Yankee* |
| Zz | *zét* (/zet/) | /z/ | toy ny ⟨z⟩ ao amin' ny teny hoe *zaza* |

#### Ny renisoratra

Ny renisoratra ⟨c⟩ dia vakina hoe /tʃ/ (toy ny *ts* malagasy); ohatra, ny teny hoe *cokelat* ("sôkôla") dia vakina hoe /tʃoklat/ (manakaiky ny hoe "tsôkôlat").

Ny renisoratra ⟨j⟩ dia vakina hoe /dʒ/ (manakaiky ny *j* malagasy); ohatra, ny teny hoe *jalan* ("mandeha") dia vakina hoe /dʒalan/.

Fanampin' izany,

* ny /ɲ/ dia soratana hoe ⟨ny⟩ alohan-janatsoratra, ⟨n⟩ alohan' ny ⟨c⟩ sy alohan' ny ⟨j⟩.
* /ŋ/ dia soratana hoe ⟨ng⟩.
* ny feo mbavatraoka [ʔ] dia soratana hoe ⟨k⟩ any am-para teny, na amin' ny alalan' ny faingo mihantona ⟨'⟩, na mety tsy ho soratana fotsiny.
* ny /tʃ/ dia soratana hoe ⟨c⟩.
* ny /dʒ/ dia soratana hoe ⟨j⟩.
* ny /ʃ/ dia soratana hoe ⟨sy⟩.
* ny /x/ dia soratana hoe ⟨kh⟩.
* ny /j/ dia soratana hoe ⟨y⟩.

#### Ny zanatsoratra

Ny zanatsoratra ⟨u⟩ dia tononina hoe /u/ (toy ny *o* malagasy na *ou* frantsay); ohatra, ny teny hoe *rumah* ("trano") dia vakina hoe /rumah/.

Ny zanatsoratra ⟨e⟩ dia vakina hoe /e/ (toy ny *e* malagasy) na tsy vakina akory.

#### Ny vondron-janatsoratra

Ny vondron-janatsoratra ⟨au⟩ dia mety ho vakina hoe /au/, na /o/ (ao Java); ohatra, ny teny hoe *mau* ("maniry", "vonona") dia vakina hoe /mau/; ny famakiana ny teny hoe *kalau* ("raha") dia miova arakaraka ny faritra ka mety ho vakina hoe /kalau/ na /kalo/.

Ny vondron-janatsoratra ⟨ai⟩ dia mety ho vakina hoe /ai/ (toy ny ao amin' ny teny malagasy hoe *maina*), na hoe /e/ ao Java; ohatra, ny teny hoe *air* ("rano") dia vakina hoe /air/; ny fanononana ny teny hoe *pakai* ("mampiasa") dia miovaova arakaraka ny faritra: /pakai/ na /pake/.

### Tantara

Ny hetsika nasiônalista indôneziana dia nandray ny abidy latina tamin' ny taona 1929 ka ny fomba fanoratra neerlandey atao hoe *Van Ophuijsen* (ohahatra, ny ⟨tj⟩ novakina hoe /t͡ʃ/ ary ny ⟨dj⟩ novakina hoe /d͡ʒ/. Izany fomba fanoratra izany dia nasiam-panovana maivana tamin' ny fanavaozana ny fanoratana tamin' ny taona 1947 atao hoe *Soewandi*, avy amin' ny anaran' ny minisitry ny fanabeazana tao amin' ny governemantan' ny praiminisitra  Sjahrir (ny ⟨oe⟩ dia novana ho ⟨u⟩; ohatra, ny hoe *Soerabaja* taloha dia novana hoe *Surabaja*).

Ny fanavaozana tamin' ny taona 1972 dia nandravina ny fanoratana ny fiteny indôneziana sy ny fiteny malein' i Malezia, ny ⟨dj⟩ indôneziana dia lasa ⟨j⟩ (ohatra, *Djakarta* dia soratana hoe *Jakarta* ankehitriny) ary ny ⟨j⟩ lasa ⟨y⟩ (ohatra, *djaja* dia lasa *jaya* "fandresena"; *Surabaja* dia lasa hoe *Surabaya*), sahala amin' ny fanoratana ny fiteny malein' i Malezia, ary ny ⟨tj⟩ indôneziana sy ny ⟨ch⟩ maleziana dia soratana hoe ⟨c⟩ fotsiny (ohatra: *tjahaja* sy *chahaya* lasa *cahaya* "fahazavana").

Ny ankamaroan' ny anaran-tsamirerin' olombelona dia tsy nandray ireo fa fanovana nifanarakaraka ireo.

## Voambolana

### Lisitra Swadesh an' ny fiteny malagasy sy indôneziana ahitana teny 207

Indreto ny lisitra Swadesh misy teny 207 amin' ny teny malagasy sy teny indôneziana. Raha manana endrika maro ilay teny (fitanisana ny matoanteny, fifanarahana amin' ny kilahivavy, na amin' ny filaza isa, fiovana endrika), dia toy izao manaraka izao ny tsipelina ampiasaina:

* matoanteny: filaza tsy mitanisa
* teny hafa: tsy kandahy tsy kambavy na kandahy, milaza tokana, endrika lazaina.

Ho an' ny tranga manokana (tsy manana endrika tsy mitanisa, anarana kambavy, anarana amin' ny endrika milaza maro foana, ohatra), ny endrika tsotra indrindra no ampiasaina.

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **No** | Teny malagasy | Teny indôneziana |
| 1 | izaho, aho | saya |
| 2 | ianao | saudara, Anda, tuan *(manaja)* |
| 3 | izy | dia |
| 4 | izahay, isika | kami *(manilika)*, kita *(tsy manilika)* |
| 5 | ianareo | kalian |
| 6 | izireo | mereka |
| 7 | ity | ini |
| 8 | iry | itu |
| 9 | eto | di sini |
| 10 | ary | di sana |
| 11 | iza | siapa |
| 12 | inona | apa |
| 13 | aiza | di mana |
| 14 | oviana | kapan |
| 15 | ahoana | bagaimana |
| 16 | tsy | bukan, tidak |
| 17 | manontolo | semua |
| 18 | betsaka | banyak |
| 19 | vitsivitsy, maromaro | beberapa |
| 20 | vitsy | sedikit |
| 21 | hafa | lain |
| 22 | iray, isa | satu |
| 23 | roa | dua |
| 24 | telo | tiga |
| 25 | efatra | empat |
| 26 | dimy, lime | lima |
| 27 | lehibe | besar |
| 28 | lava | panjang |
| 29 | be sakana | lebar |
| 30 | matevina | tebal |
| 31 | mavesatra | berat |
| 32 | kely | kecil |
| 33 | fohy | pendek |
| 34 | tery | sempit |
| 35 | manify | tipis |
| 36 | vehivavy | perempuan |
| 37 | lehilahy | laki-laki |
| 38 | olona | orang |
| 39 | zaza, zanaka | anak |
| 40 | vady (vehivavy) | istri |
| 41 | vady (lehilahy) | suami |
| 42 | reny | ibu |
| 43 | ray | bapak |
| 44 | biby | binatang |
| 45 | trondro | ikan |
| 46 | vorona | burung |
| 47 | alika, amboa | anjing |
| 48 | hao | kutu |
| 49 | bibilava | ular |
| 50 | olitra | ulat |
| 51 | hazo | pohon |
| 52 | ala | hutan |
| 53 | tehina, kibay | tongkat, batang |
| 54 | voan-kazo | buah |
| 55 | voa madinika | biji |
| 56 | ravina | daun |
| 57 | faka | akar |
| 58 | hodi-kazo | kulit kayu |
| 59 | vonin-kazo | kembang |
| 60 | ahitra | rumput |
| 61 | tady, taly | tali |
| 62 | hoditra, holitse | kulit |
| 63 | hena | daging |
| 64 | ra, lio | darah |
| 65 | taolana, tolana, tôlagna | tulang |
| 66 | jabora, menaka | lemak |
| 67 | atody | telur |
| 68 | tandroka | tanduk |
| 69 | rambo | buntut |
| 70 | volom-borona | bulu |
| 71 | volo | rambut |
| 72 | loha | kepala |
| 73 | sofina | telinga |
| 74 | maso | mata |
| 75 | orona | hidung |
| 76 | vava (molotra) | mulut |
| 77 | nify | gigi |
| 78 | lela | lidah |
| 79 | hoho | kuku |
| 80 | tongotra | kaki |
| 81 | ranjo | kaki |
| 82 | lohalika, pokopoko | lutut |
| 83 | tanana | tangan |
| 84 | elatra | sayap |
| 85 | kibo | perut |
| 86 | tsinay, tinay | usus |
| 87 | vozona | leher |
| 88 | lamosina | punggung |
| 89 | tratra | buah dada, susu |
| 90 | fo | jantung |
| 91 | aty | hati |
| 92 | misotro, mino | minum |
| 93 | mihinana | makan |
| 94 | mihinana | gigit |
| 95 | mitsentsitra | hisap |
| 96 | mandrora | ludah |
| 97 | mandoa | muntah |
| 98 | mitsoka, mitioke | tiup |
| 99 | misefo, miaina | nafas |
| 100 | mihomehy | tertawa |
| 101 | mahita | lihat |
| 102 | maheno | ndengar |
| 103 | mahalala | tahu |
| 104 | mandinika | pikir |
| 105 | manimbolo | cium |
| 106 | matahotra | takut |
| 107 | matory | tidur |
| 108 | miaina | hidup |
| 109 | maty | mati |
| 110 | mamono | bunuh |
| 111 | miady | berkelahi, berantam |
| 112 | mihaza | buru |
| 113 | mikapoka, mamely | pukul |
| 114 | manapaka | potong |
| 115 | mamaky (*manasaraka*) | belah |
| 116 | manatsatoka antsy | tikam |
| 117 | mikiky | gores |
| 118 | mihady, mangady | gali |
| 119 | milomano | renang |
| 120 | manidina | terbang |
| 121 | mandeha | jalan |
| 122 | tonga | datang |
| 123 | mitsotra, mandry | berdusta *(toetra)* |
| 124 | mipetraka | duduk *(asa, toetra)* |
| 125 | mitsangana | berdiri *(asa, toetra)* |
| 126 | mihodina | putar, belok |
| 127 | mianjera | jatuh |
| 128 | manome | beri |
| 129 | mihazona | pegang |
| 130 | manery, mamihina | memeras |
| 131 | mikosoka | gosok |
| 132 | manasa | cuci |
| 133 | mamaoka (mamafa) | sapu |
| 134 | mitarika, misintona | tarik |
| 135 | manosika | dorong |
| 136 | manipy | lempar |
| 137 | mamatotra, mandrohy | ikat |
| 138 | manjaitra | jahit |
| 139 | manisa (isa) | hitung |
| 140 | miteny | kata |
| 141 | mihira | nyanyi |
| 142 | milalao | main |
| 143 | mikasoka | mengapung |
| 144 | mikoriana | mengalir |
| 145 | mandry (rano) | membeku |
| 146 | mibontsina | bertambah |
| 147 | masoandro | mata hari |
| 148 | volana | bulan |
| 149 | kintana | bintang |
| 150 | rano | air |
| 151 | orana | hujan |
| 152 | renirano | sungai |
| 153 | farihy | danau |
| 154 | ranomasina | laut |
| 155 | sira | garam |
| 156 | vato | batu |
| 157 | fasika | pasir |
| 158 | vovoka, deboke | debu |
| 159 | tany | bumi, darat |
| 160 | rahona | awan |
| 161 | zavona | kabut |
| 162 | lanitra, lagnitra | langit |
| 163 | rivotra | angin |
| 164 | oram-panala | salju |
| 165 | ranomandry | es |
| 166 | setroka | asap |
| 167 | afo | api |
| 168 | lavenona | abu |
| 169 | may, mirehitra | bakar |
| 170 | lalana | jalan |
| 171 | tendrombohitra | gunung |
| 172 | mena | merah |
| 173 | maitso | hijau |
| 174 | mavo | kuning |
| 175 | fotsy | putih |
| 176 | mainty | hitam |
| 177 | alina | malam |
| 178 | andro | hari |
| 179 | taona | tahun |
| 180 | mafana | hangat, (panas-hot) |
| 181 | mangatsiaka | dingin |
| 182 | feno | penuh |
| 183 | vao | baru |
| 184 | antitra | lama, tua |
| 185 | tsara | baik |
| 186 | ratsy | buruk, jelek |
| 187 | lo | busuk |
| 188 | maloto | kotor |
| 189 | mahitsy | lurus |
| 190 | boribory | bulat |
| 191 | maranitra (mandratra) | tajam |
| 192 | dombo | tumpul |
| 193 | malamalama | licin |
| 194 | lena | basah |
| 195 | maina | kering |
| 196 | marina | betul |
| 197 | akaiky | dekat |
| 198 | lavitra | jauh |
| 199 | ankavanana, havanana | kanan |
| 200 | ankavia, havia | kiri |
| 201 | ao | ke |
| 202 | anatin' ny, anaty | dalam |
| 203 | mbamy, miaraka amy | dengan |
| 204 | sy, ary | dan |
| 205 | raha (fepetra) | kalau |
| 206 | satria | karena |
| 207 | anarana | nama |

## Jereo koa

* Vondro-nosy Indôneziana
* Indônezia
* Fiteny ao Indônezia
* Fiteny maleziana

* Tontolo Maley

* Fiteny maley
* Fiteny malaîka
* Fiteny malaiô-pôlineziana

* Malezia - Indônezia
* Malezia (vondro-nosy)
* Maley (vahoaka)
* Maley (firazanana)