# Mensurae Romanae

**Mensurae Romanae** sunt mensurae quibus Romani res scilicet metiebantur.

In tabula infra enumerantur mensurae Romanae, et mensurae metricae Anglicaeque paria facientes.

## Longitudo

| Mensura Romana | aliter | Mensura metrica | Mensura anglica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **digitus**, *-ī, m.* | 1⁄16 pedis |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 18. | 52 | mm |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|   |   |  105/128" |

 |
| **ūncia**, *-ae, f.* | 1⁄12 pedis |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2. | 47 | cm |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|   |   |  35/36" |

 |
| **palma**, *-ae, f.* | 4 digiti seu 3 unciae |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 7. | 41 | cm |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|   | 2 |  11/12" |

 |
| **pēs**, *-dis, m.* | 16 digiti seu 12 unciae |

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 29. | 61 | cm |  |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|   | 11 |  2/3" |

 |
| **cubitus**, *-ī, m.* | 24 digiti |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 44. | 45 | cm |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1' | 5 |  1/2" |

 |
| **gradus**, *-ūs, m.* | 40 digiti |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 74. | 08 | cm |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2' | 5 |  1/6" |

 |
| **passus**, *-ūs, m.* | 5 pedes |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | 48 | m |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 4' | 10 |  1/3" |

 |
| **pertica**, *-ae, f.* | 10 pedes |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2. | 96 | m |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 9' | 8 |  2/3" |

 |
| **actus**, *-ūs, m.* | 120 pedes |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 35. | 56 | m |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 116' | 8" |   |

 |
| **stadium**, *-iī, n.* | 625 pedes seu 125 passus |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 185. | 21 | m |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 607' | 7" |   |

 |
| **mille passuum** | 5 000 pedes seu 1 000 passus seu 8 stadia |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | 48 | km |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 4,861' | 1" |   |

 |
| **leuga**, *-ae, f.* | 15 000 pedes seu 3 000 passus seu 24 stadia |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 4. | 43 | km |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 14,592' | 14" |   |

 |

## Area

| Mensura Romana | Actus quadrati | Mensura metrica | Mensura anglica |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **pes quadratus** | 1⁄14 400 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 876 |   | cm² |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 0. | 943 | ft² |

 |
| **scripulum**, *-i, m.* | 1⁄144 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 8. | 76 | m² |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 94. | 3 | ft² |

 |
| **actus minimus** | 1⁄30 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 42 |   | m² |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 452 |   | ft² |

 |
| **clima**, *-ae, f.* | 1⁄4 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 315 |   | m² |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 3390 |   | ft² |

 |
| **actus quadratus** | 1 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1260 |   | m² |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 0. | 311 | acre |

 |
| **iugerum**, *-i, n. (pl. in 3ª decl.)* | 2 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 0. | 252 | ha |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 0. | 623 | acre |

 |
| **heredium**, *-i, n.* | 4 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 0. | 504 | ha |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | 25 | acre |

 |
| **centuria**, *-ae, f.* | 400 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 50. | 5 | ha |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 125 |   | acre |

 |
| **saltus**, *-ūs, m.* | 1600 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 202 |   | ha |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 499 |   | acre |

 |

Secundum Frontinum (De Aquaeductu Urbis Romae, Liber I, 25), est quoque **quinaria** (*-ae, f.*), quae est fistula a diametro quinque quadratum (5/4 digiti). Ergo, quinaria 420 mm² habet. Est quoque **senaria** (a diametro sex quadratum), **septenaria** (septem quadratum), et deinceps simili incremento usque ad **vicenariam** (a diametro certe viginti quadratum). Hae mensurae ad solas fistulas metiendas adhibebantur.

## Pondera

* Libra, quae efficit duodecim uncias et 288 scripula. 328.9 g secundum W. Smith.
* Dodrans, id est tres partes librae sive novem unciae. Circiter 246.7 g.
* Selibra, id est dimidia libra sive sex unciae. Circiter 164.5 g.
* Quincunx, id est quinque uncias. Circiter 137 g.
* Triens, id est tertia pars librae sive quatuor uncias. Circiter 109.6 g.
* Quadrans, id est quarta pars librae sive tres unciae. Circiter 82.23 g.
* Sextans, id est sexta pars librae sive duae unciae. Circiter 54.82 g.
* Sescuncia, id est uncia et semis. Circiter 41.11 g.
* Uncia, duodecima pars librae sive 24 scripula. Circiter 27.41 g.
* Semuncia, dimidia uncia. Circiter 13.70 g.
* Scripulum, 1/288 librae sive 1/24 unciae. Circiter 1.142 g.

Apothecarii et medici Romani, ut drachmam passim in libris Graecis usitatam in Latinum sermonem vertere possent, nomen **denarium** usurparunt.
Ita apud Celsum denarius septimam partem unciae pendet (id est paulo minus quam quatuor grammata).
Idem Celsus, ut instar oboli haberet qui sexta pars drachmae erat, "**denarii sextantibus**" utebatur, "paulo plus dimidio scripulo" facientibus.

## Capacitas

* Culleus id est viginti amphorae : **525 litra. Cadus vel metreta, id est amphora et semis vel tres urnae vel duodecim congii vel 72 sextarii : **39,39 l**.
* Amphora vel quadrantal id est duae urnae vel tres modii vel octo congii vel 48 sextarii : **26,26 l** = pes cubicus unus.
* Urna id est quatuor congii vel 24 sextarii : **13,13 l. Modius id est sedecim sextarii vel 192 cyathi : **8,73 l. Congius id est sex sextarii vel 72 cyathi : **3,27 l. Sextarius id est duae heminae vel quatuor quartarii vel duodecim cyathi : **0,54l. Hemina vel cotyla id est sex cyathi : **0,27 l.**.
* Quartarius id est tres cyathi : **0,14 l. Cyathus id est quatuor cochlearia : **0,046 l. Coclear quadragesima octava pars sextarii : **0,011 l.**

Nonnumquam ratio duodecimalis, vel si mavis uncialis, inter cyathum et sextarium eodem modo quo inter unciam et libram usurpatur : sextans valet binos cyathos, quadrans ternos, triens quaternos, quincunx quinos etc.

## Notae

## Fontes

* Columella libro quinto de Re rustica, capitibus 1-2 necnon libro XII passim.
* Lucas Paetus, *De mensuris, et ponderibus Romanis, et Graecis : cum his quae hodie Romae sunt collatis libri quinque. Eiusdem variarum lectionum liber unus*. Venetiis, 1573.
* Varro libro primo *Rerum Rusticarum* capite decimo.