# Ghana

Ghana

sovereign state, country| Inception | 1957  |
| Official name | Ghana, Ghana, la République du Ghana, Gana tingbani  |
| Native label | Ghana, Gana, Gaana  |
| Named after | Ghana Empire  |
| Demonym | Ghanaian  |
| Official language | English  |
| Anthem | The National Anthem  |
| Culture | culture of Ghana  |
| Motto text | Freedom and Justice, Rhyddid a Chyfiawnder  |
| Continent | Africa  |
| Country | Ghana  |
| Capital | Accra  |
| Located in time zone | UTC±00:00, Africa/Accra  |
| Located in or next to body of water | Atlantic Ocean  |
| Located in/on physical feature | West Africa, sub-Saharan Africa  |
| Coordinate location | 7°56′47″N 1°1′24″W  |
| Coordinates of easternmost point | 6°6′45″N 1°11′58″E  |
| Coordinates of northernmost point | 11°10′12″N 0°16′12″W  |
| Coordinates of southernmost point | 4°44′23″N 2°5′31″W  |
| Coordinates of westernmost point | 6°37′28″N 3°15′34″W  |
| Highest point | Mount Afadja  |
| Lowest point | Gulf of Guinea  |
| Basic form of government | democracy  |
| Office held by head of state | President of Ghana  |
| Head of state | John Mahama  |
| Office held by head of government | President of Ghana  |
| Head of government | Nana Akufo-Addo  |
| Executive body | Ghana gɔmena  |
| Legislative body | Parliament of Ghana  |
| Central bank | Bank of Ghana  |
| Currency | Ligidi  |
| Shares border with | Burnkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Togo  |
| Driving side | right  |
| Electrical plug type | AC power plugs and sockets: British and related types, BS 1363  |
| Replaces | Dominion of Ghana, Gold Coast, British Togoland  |
| Studied by | Ghana studies  |
| Official website |   |
| Hashtag | Ghana  |
| Top-level Internet domain | .gh  |
| Flag | flag of Ghana  |
| Coat of arms | coat of arms of Ghana  |
| Geography of topic | Geography of Ghana  |
| Has characteristic | free country  |
| History of topic | history of Ghana  |
| Open data portal | Ghana Open Data Initiative  |
| Bibliography | bibliography of Ghana  |
| Economy of topic | economy of Ghana  |
| Demographics of topic | demographics of Ghana  |
| Commonwealth Sport country code | GHA  |
| Mobile country code | 620  |
| Telephone country code | +233  |
| Trunk prefix | 0  |
| Emergency phone number | 999, 191, 192, 193  |
| GS1 country code | 603  |
| Vehicle registration plate code | GH  |
| Maritime identification digits | 627  |
| Unicode character | 🇬🇭  |
| Category for maps or plans | Category:Maps of Ghana  |

**Ghana** (/ˈɡɑːnə/ ⓘ *GAH-nə*; Twi: *Gaana*, Ewe: *Gana*, Dagbani: Gana), dinɛ nar si'em anɛ **Republic of Ghana**, anɛ teŋ kanɛ bɛ West Africa. Di kpi'enɛ Gulf of Guinea ka Atlantic Ocean bɛ di ya-dagɔbʋg, ka ban nɛ Ivory Coast tɔnd taaba bɛ ya-tuon, Burkina Faso mɛn bɛ ya-datiʋŋ, ka Togo bɛ ya-nya'aŋ. Ghana mɔri paalʋ ka di labisim an wʋʋ 239,567 km2 (92,497 sq mi). Ka mɔr mɔri gaad nidib miliyon 32, Ghana anɛ teŋtita'ar kani zu'oe pɛ'ɛs ayi', Nigeria ya'a yi bɛ West Africa ni. Di tempʋtita'ar anɛ Accra; teŋtita'ara sieba mɛn bɛ nwɛnnɛ Kumasi, Tamale, nɛ Sekondi-Takoradi.

Teŋgbaʋŋ banɛ la'asʋg an Ghana la anɛ Dagbon teŋgbaʋŋ nɛ Bono sʋ'ʋlʋm, dinɛ ka Bono state bɛ di pʋʋgʋn dinɛ yi 11th century la sa. Teŋgbana nwɛnnɛ Dagbon teŋgbaʋŋ dinɛ bɛ ya-datiʋŋ nɛ Ashanti Empire dinɛ bɛ ya-dabɔbʋg la mɛn da bɛ yʋma tʋsa bɛdigʋ. Dinɛ yi 15th century, Portuguese Empire la dɔl pɛ'ɛs nɛ European powers, da sɔs suor ye tɔlim ninsaal suor bɛllim, ka British la yʋ'ʋn da di'e suori sʋ'ʋg coast la bɛ 19th century la ni. Bani da bɛ yamʋg ni wʋʋ yʋma bɛdigʋ la ka pʋ sʋ'e ba mɛŋ la, bani da bɛ yamʋg pʋʋgʋn la British colonial da mɔr sʋ'ʋlʋm kɔn'ɔb-kɔn'ɔb nam 4: Gold Coast, Ashanti, the Northern Territories, nɛ British Togoland. Sɔ' wʋsa da mɔri bɛnɛ o kɔn' nɛ o sʋ'ʋlʋm bɛ hese Commonwealth tis teŋ. Ka 6 March 1957, Ghana da an yiiga teŋi bɛ Sub-Saharan Africa ye ba paami ba sʋ'ʋ-m-mɛŋ.

## Ghana bɛllim

Ghana bɛnɛ Gulf of Guinea la baba, digriis bi'ela bɛ Equator ya-datiʋŋ. Di gilig nɛ wʋʋ 239,535 km2 (92,485 sq mi) ka mɔr Atlantic coastline dinɛ wa'am wʋʋ 560 kilometres (350 miles) bɛ Guinea ni dinɛ bɛ Atlantic Ocean ya-dagɔbʋg. Dodi Island nɛ Bobowasi Island pʋ lal nɛ south coast la. Di bɛnɛ latitudes 4°45'N nɛ 11°N pʋʋgʋn, nɛ longitudes 1°15'E and 3°15'W pʋʋgʋn mɛn. Prime meridian la dɔli Ghana gaad, zi'ig la anɛ Tema. Ghana bɛllim bɛnɛ Prime Meridian suokita ni nɛ Equator la gaad teŋ kani wʋsa bɛ, zi'esim kaŋa (0°, 0°), bɛnɛ Atlantic Ocean la baba wʋʋ 614 km (382 mi) off south-east coast bɛ Ghana.

Mɔɔgteŋ da gɛndig nɛ south coastal shrublands nɛ baŋɔ sʋ'ʋg Ghana, baŋɔ (wɛog) bɛnɛ northward yit coast 320 kilometres (200 miles) nɛ eastward nɛ maximum of 270 kilometres (170 miles) nɛ bɛllim zi'ig an sanlima tuub nɛ industrial minerals nɛ timbanam. Ghana anɛ 5 terrestrial ecoregions: Eastern Guinean forests, Guinean forest–savanna mosaic, West Sudanian savanna, Central African mangroves, nɛ Guinean mangroves. Di mɔr 2018 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean kanl wʋʋ 4.53/10, kɛt ka di bɛllim bɛ 112th dunia ni yit tens 172.

White Volta River nɛ di kɔdaag kani pʋbidi kenna Black Volta, pʋbidnɛ ya-dagɔbʋg dɔl Ghana ken Lake Volta, ku'otita'ar kani pɛ'ɛs atan' di bɛdim nɛ di yaliŋ wʋsa, dinɛ ka hydroelectric Akosombo Dam dim maal, di naae yʋʋm 1965 la ni. Volta ku'om la pʋbidnɛ dɔl Lake Volta kpɛn'ɛd Gulf of Guinea. Ghana ya-datiʋŋ mɛŋir anɛ Pulmakong ka di ya-dagɔbʋg mɛŋir an Cape Three Points.

| Landmarks, Borders, and Regions |
| --- |
|

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Coastal Plain | Accra, Apam, Cape Coast, Elmina, Kakum National Park, Kokrobite, Nzulezo, Sekondi-Takoradi, Ada Foah | The Gulf of Guinea coastal plain with the seat of government and capital city, castles and forts and rainforest |
|  | Ashanti-Kwahu | Koforidua, Kumasi, Obuasi, Sunyani | Forested hills and the Kingdom of Ashanti |
|  | Volta Basin | Tamale | Lake Volta, the river system that feeds it and Ghana eastern border crossing |
|  | Northern Plains | Wa, Bolgatanga, Mole National Park | Savanna plains and north Ghana trade route and border crossing |

 |  |
| **Settlements** |
| Accra | Seat of Government and Capital city. |
| Bolgatanga | Paga Crocodile Pond location. |
| Cape Coast | Cape Coast Castle is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. |
| Elmina | Coastal town with Elmina Castle. |
| Koforidua | Aburi Botanical Gardens location. |
| Kumasi | Traditional centre of the Kingdom of Ashanti. |
| Obuasi | World's 9th largest gold mine location; and Mining town. |
| Sekondi-Takoradi | Surfing beaches such as Busua Beach, and UNESCO World Heritage Sites. |
| Tamale | Largest settlement in the Kingdom of Dagbon and gateway to Mole National Park. |
| Yendi | Traditional Capital of the Kingdom of Dagbon and seat of Yaa Naa. |

Ghana wina an dinɛ ti'asid, ti mɔr sɛɛng wina nɛ ʋʋn wina. Ghana bɛnɛ hydro-climatic zi'es atan'. Sa wina ti'asʋg bɛ, saŋa bɛllim yiti dʋ ti'ak coastal waters. Nɛ' nam yiti daamidnɛ kpaadib nɛ ziŋgba'adib.

Ka 2015 nii, gɔmma la da tis gbaʋŋ ka di pian'azut an "Ghana's Intended Nationally Determined Contribution." Bani dɔlisid nɛ', Ghana si'ak ka tik nɛ Paris Climate Agreement bɛ yʋʋm 2016 la ni.

## Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Ghana

Further information: Ghanaian people

| Ethnic Groups in Ghana |
| --- |
| Ethnic Groups |  | percent |
| Akan |  | 47.5% |
| Mole-Dagbani |  | 16.6% |
| Ewe |  | 13.9% |
| Ga-Dangme |  | 7.4% |
| Gurma |  | 5.7% |
| Guan |  | 3.7% |
| Grusi |  | 2.5% |
| Mande |  | 1.1% |
| Other |  | 1.4% |

2019 nii, Ghana da mɔr nidib wʋʋ 30,083,000. Nidib wʋʋ 29% bɛnɛ yʋma 15 tɛŋir, ka nidib bani bɛ yʋma 15–64 an 57.8 yi kɔbiga nidib kɔbʋga pʋʋgʋn. 2010 kanlʋg la da bigis ye buudinam kanl anɛ Akan (47.3%), Mole-Dagbani (16.6%), Ewe (13.9%), Ga-Dangme (7.4%), Gurma (5.7%) ka Guan la mɛn mɔr (3.7%).

Gbanvɛɛnsa