# 질경이과

| **질경이과** |
| --- |
|  큰질경이(*Plantago major*) |
| **생물 분류**ℹ️ |
| 계: | 식물계 |
| (미분류): | 속씨식물군 |
| (미분류): | 진정쌍떡잎식물군 |
| (미분류): | 국화군 |
| 목: | 꿀풀목 |
| 과: | **질경이과** Plantaginaceae Juss., 1789 |
| **모식속** |
| 질경이속(*Plantago* L.) |
|  |
| **속** |
| * 본문 참조

 |

**질경이과**(---科, 학명: Plantaginaceae 플란타기나케아이[\*])는 꿀풀목의 과이다. 과거에는 현삼과에 포함시키기도 했다.

전 세계에 널리 분포하고 있으며, 3속의 약 300여 종이 알려져 있다. 이들 중 유럽, 북아메리카 및 칠레에 각각 1종씩이 분포하는 리토렐라속과 페루에서 아르헨티나의 안데스고지에 단 1종만이 자라는 보우구에리아속을 제외하면 모두 질경이속에 포함된다. 한국에는 질경이·갯질경이·긴잎질경이·왕질경이·털질경이 등의 1속 5종이 분포하고 있다.

모두 초본이며, 잎은 뿌리로부터 나는데 로제트 모양을 하고 있고 몇 개의 나란히맥을 가지고 있다. 질경이속에 포함되는 종류의 꽃은 방사대칭인 양성화이며 4수화이다. 씨방은 상위이며, 열매는 삭과인데 익으면 가로로 벌어진다.

## 하위 분류

개불알풀족(Veroniceae Duby)
* 개불알풀속(*Veronica* L.)
* 냉초속(*Veronicastrum* Heist. ex Fabr.)
* *Kashmiria* D.Y.Hong
* *Lagotis* Gaertn.
* *Neopicrorhiza* D.Y.Hong
* *Picrorhiza* Royle ex Benth.
* *Scrofella* Maxim.
* *Wulfenia* Jacq.
* *Wulfeniopsis* D.Y.Hong

글로불라리아족(Globularieae Rchb.)
* *Globularia* Tourn. ex L.
* *Poskea* Vatke

금어초족(Antirrhineae Dumort.)
* 금어초속(*Antirrhinum* L.)
* 덩굴해란초속(*Cymbalaria* Hill)
* 솔잎해란초속(*Nuttallanthus* D.A.Sutton)
* 자주종꽃속(*Rhodochiton* Zucc. ex Otto & A.Dietr.)
* 해란초속(*Linaria* Mill.)
* *Acanthorrhinum* Rothm.
* *Albraunia* Speta
* *Anarrhinum* Desf.
* *Asarina* Mill.
* *Chaenorhinum* (DC.) Rchb.
* *Epixiphium* Munz
* *Gadoria* Güemes & Mota
* *Galvezia* Dombey ex Juss.
* *Gambelia* Nutt.
* *Holmgrenanthe* Elisens
* *Holzneria* Speta
* *Howelliella* Rothm.
* *Kickxia* Dumort.
* *Lophospermum* D.Don
* *Mabrya* Elisens
* *Maurandella* (A.Gray) Rothm.
* *Maurandya* Ortega
* *Misopates* Raf.
* *Mohavea* A.Gray
* *Nanorrhinum* Betsche
* *Neogaerrhinum* Rothm.
* *Pseudomisopates* Güemes
* *Pseudorontium* (A.Gray) Rothm.
* *Sairocarpus* D.A.Sutton
* *Schweinfurthia* A.Braun

디기탈리스족(Digitalideae Dumort.)
* 디기탈리스속(*Digitalis* Tourn. ex L.)
* 암담초속(*Erinus* L.)
* *Aragoa* Kunth
* *Campylanthus* Roth
* *Lafuentea* Lag.

루셀리아족(Russelieae Pennell)
* *Russelia* Jacq.
* *Tetranema* Benth.

별이끼족(Callitricheae Dumort.)
* 별이끼속(*Callitriche* L.)

쇠뜨기말풀족(Hippurideae DC.)
* 쇠뜨기말풀속(*Hippuris* L.)

시브토르피아족(Sibthorpieae Benth.)
* *Ellisiophyllum* Maxim.
* *Sibthorpia* L.

안젤로니아족(Angelonieae Pennell)
* 안젤로니아속(*Angelonia* Bonpl.)
* *Basistemon* Turcz.
* *Monopera* Barringer

오우리시아족(Ourisieae Edwin)
* *Ourisia* Comm.

옥시클라두스족(Oxycladeae Miers)
* *Melosperma* Benth.
* *Monttea* Gay

자라송이풀족(Cheloneae Benth.)
* 자라송이풀속(*Chelone* L.)
* *Brookea* Benth.
* *Chionophila* Benth.
* *Collinsia* Nutt.
* *Nothochelone* (A.Gray) Straw
* *Pennellianthus* Crosswh.
* *Penstemon* Schmidel
* *Tonella* Nutt. ex A.Gray
* *Uroskinnera* Lindl.

질경이족(Plantagineae Dumort.)
* 질경이속(*Plantago* L.)
* *Littorella* P.J.Bergius

큰고추풀족(Gratioleae Benth.)
* 구와말속(*Limnophila* R.Br.)
* 등에풀속(*Dopatrium* Buch.-Ham. ex Benth.)
* 진땅고추풀속(*Deinostema* T.Yamaz.)
* 큰고추풀속(*Gratiola* L.)
* *Achetaria* Cham. & Schltdl.
* *Adenosma* R.Br.
* *Anamaria* V.C.Souza
* *Ancistrostylis* T.Yamaz.
* *Bacopa* Aubl.
* *Benjaminia* Mart. ex Benj.
* *Boelckea* Rossow
* *Bythophyton* Hook.f.
* *Cheilophyllum* Pennell
* *Conobea* Aubl.
* *Darcya* B.L.Turner & C.P.Cowan
* *Dintera* Stapf
* *Dizygostemon* (Benth.) Radlk. ex Wettst.
* *Encopella* Pennell
* *Fonkia* Phil.
* *Geochorda* Cham. & Schltdl.
* *Hydrotriche* Zucc.
* *Ildefonsia* Gardner
* *Leucospora* Nutt.
* *Mecardonia* Ruiz & Pav.
* *Philcoxia* P.Taylor & V.C.Souza
* *Schistophragma* Benth. ex Endl.
* *Scoparia* L.
* *Stemodia* L.
* *Tetraulacium* Turcz.

헤미프라그마족(Hemiphragmeae Rouy)
* *Hemiphragma* Wall.

## 계통 분류

다음은 꿀풀목의 계통 분류이다.

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 꿀풀목 |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
플로코스페르마과 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
카를레만니아과 |
|  |
|  |
물푸레나무과 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
테트라콘드라과 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
칼케올라리아과 |
|  |
|  |
게스네리아과 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
질경이과 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
현삼과 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
스틸베과 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
비블리스과 |
|  |
|  |
외풀과 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
참깨과 |
|  |
|  |
마르티니아과 |
|  |
|  |
쥐꼬리망초과 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
능소화과 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
슐레겔과 |
|  |
|  |
통발과 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
토만데르시아과 |
|  |
|  |
마편초과 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
꿀풀과 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
주름잎과 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
파리풀과 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
열당과 |
|  |
|  |
오동나무과 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |