# 몽크물범

| **몽크물범** |
| --- |
|  하와이몽크물범 |
| **생물 분류**ℹ️ |
| 계: | 동물계 |
| 문: | 척삭동물문 |
| 강: | 포유강 |
| 목: | 식육목 |
| 아목: | 개아목 |
| 상과: | 기각상과 |
| 과: | 물범과 |
| 아과: | 남방물범아과 |
| 족: | **몽크물범족** (Monachini) Gray, 1869 |
| **속** |
| * 본문 참조

 |
| **몽크물범의 분포** |
|  하와이몽크물범의 분포 지역 |
|  지중해몽크물범의 분포 지역 |

**몽크물범**(Monk seals)은 **몽크물범족** 또는 **남방물범족**(Monachini)에 속하는 물범의 총칭이다. 열대 기후 지역에서만 발견되는 물범이다. 지중해몽크물범(*Monachus monachus*)과 하와이몽크물범(*Neomonachus schauinslandi*) 그리고 카리브해몽크물범(*Neomonachus tropicalis*)의 3종으로 이루어져 있으나 카리브해몽크물범은 20세기에 멸종했다. 현존하는 두 종은 현재 극히 희귀이며, 아주 절박한 멸종 위험에 처해 있다. 2014년까지는 이 3종을 같은 몽크물범속(*Monachus*)으로 분류했지만, 이 3종의 미토콘드리아 키토크롬 b DNA 염기서열 비교를 통해 이제는 카리브몽크물범과 하와이몽크물범을 새로운 물범속 네오모나쿠스속(*Neomonachus*)으로 분류하고 있다.

## 하위 분류

* 몽크물범속 (*Monachus*)
	+ 지중해몽크물범 (*Monachus monachus*)
* 네오모나쿠스속 (*Neomonachus*)
	+ 하와이몽크물범 (*Neomonachus schauinslandi*)
	+ † 카리브해몽크물범 (*Neomonachus tropicalis*)

## 계통 분류

다음은 물범과의 계통 분류이다.

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 물범과 |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 남방물범아과 |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 몽크물범족 |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| 몽크물범속 |
지중해몽크물범 |
|  |
| 네오모나쿠스속 |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
† 카리브해몽크물범 |
|  |
|  |
하와이몽크물범 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 코끼리물범족 |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
남방코끼리물범 |
|  |
|  |
북방코끼리물범 |
|  |

 |
|  |
| 게잡이물범족 |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
웨들해물범 |
|  |
|  |
얼룩무늬물범 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
게잡이물범 |
|  |
|  |
로스해물범 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |
| 북방물범아과 |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
턱수염물범 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
두건물범 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
띠무늬물범 |
|  |
|  |
하프물범 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
회색물범 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 물범속 |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
물범 |
|  |
|  |
참물범 |
|  |

 |
|  |
| 고리무늬물범속 |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
바이칼물범 |
|  |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |
고리무늬물범 |
|  |
|  |
카스피해물범 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

* The *Monachus* Guardian
* Monk Seal Foundation
* NOAA Monk Seal Info