# 유배식물

| **유배식물** |
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| **생물 분류**ℹ️ |
| 역: | 진핵생물 |
| (미분류): | 원시색소체생물 |
| 계: | 식물계 |
| 아계: | **유배식물아계** (Embryophyta) |
| **문** |
| * 본문 참조

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**유배식물**(有胚植物, 영어: embryophyte)은 식물의 가장 흔한 집단이다. 이에는 나무와 양치식물, 이끼 그리고 다양한 녹조 유지 식물을 포함하고 있다. 모두는 특수한 재생 기관을 지닌 복잡한 다세포 진핵생물이다. 소수를 제외하고, 유배식물은 광합성을 통하여 에너지를 얻는다. (즉, 빛을 흡수한다.) 그리고 이산화탄소로부터 영양분을 합성한다. 유배식물은 다세포 조류를 사용하는 남조류와 구별된다. 게다가 유배식물의 일부는 수상에 살지만, 주로 육지에 산다. 따라서 이들을 **육지식물** 또는 **육상식물**로 부르기도 한다.

## 하위 분류

* **비관다발식물** (bryophytes)
	+ 지의문 (Marchantiophyta)
	+ 각태식물문 (Anthocerotophyta)
	+ 선태식물문 (Bryophyta)
	+ † 호르네오피톤강 (Horneophytopsida)
* **관다발식물** (tracheophytes)
	+ † Rhyniophyta
	+ † Zosterophyllophyta
	+ 석송문 (Lycopodiophyta)
	+ † Trimerophytophyta
	+ 양치식물문 (Pteridophyta)
	+ **종자식물상문** (Spermatophyta)
		- † 양치종자식물문 (Pteridospermatophyta)
		- 구과식물문 (Pinophyta)
		- 소철문 (Cycadophyta)
		- 은행나무문 (Ginkgophyta)
		- 마황문 (Gnetophyta)
		- 속씨식물문 (Magnoliophyta)

## 계통 분류

다음은 원시색소체생물의 계통 분류이다.

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| 원시색소체생물 |

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회청조식물 |
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홍조식물 |
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| 녹색식물 |

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녹조식물 |
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| 스트렙토식물 |

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메소스티그마강 |
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클로로키부스강 |
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클레브소르미디움강 |
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윤조강 |
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콜레오카이테강 |
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접합조강 |
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유배식물 |
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다음은 2006년 추(Qiu) 등과 2004년 크레인(Crane) 등의 연구에 의한 유배식물 계통 분류이다.

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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 유배식물 |

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우산이끼류 |
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이끼류 |
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뿔이끼류 |
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| 관다발식물 |

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석송류 |
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| 진엽식물 |

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양치류 |
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| 종자식물 |

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겉씨식물 |
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속씨식물 |
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다음은 유배식물의 계통 분류이다.

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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 유배식물 |

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| 선태식물 |

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뿔이끼문 |
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선태식물문 |
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우산이끼문 |
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| 다포자낭식물 |

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?† Taeniocradales |
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† 호르네오피톤강 |
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† *Aglaophyton* |
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| 관다발식물 |

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?† Yarraviales |
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† Rhyniopsida |
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| Eutracheophytes |

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?† Cooksoniales |
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?† Renaliaceae |
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석송문 |
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| 진엽식물 |

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† Eophyllophyton |
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† Trimerophytopsida |
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| Moniliformopses |
양치류 |
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| Radiatopses |

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† *Pertica* |
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| 목질식물 |

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?† Cecropsidales |
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?† Noeggerathiopsida |
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† Aneurophytopsida |
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| Metalignophytes |

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† 고양치류 |
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† Protopityales |
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종자식물 |
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