Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Timseɣẓaẓ

| Timseɣẓaẓ |
| --- |
| kra n tilmas n temseɣẓaẓ |
| Tasensartut |
|  |
| Adu-tgelda | Bilateria |
| Adur | Chordata |
| Asmil | Mammalia |
| Afelafesna | Euarchontoglires (fr)  |
| tafesna  | **Rodentia** Bowdich, 1821
 |
|  |
| Beṭṭu |
|
Sciuromorpha
Castorimorpha
Myomorpha
Anomaluromorpha
Hystricomorpha
 |
| Isali amatan |
| Aɣbalu agejdan n wučči |
Imɣi asaɣur |
| Taɣbalut | viande de rongeur (fr)  |

**Timseɣẓaẓ** neɣ **Tuɣẓiẓin** (isem ussnan: **Rodentia**) d tafesna n temsuḍaḍ timarɣudin. Tilmas n tegrawt n iɣersiwen-a ttwassnent s tyuga tamyiwent n ifeɣmasen yezzagen gemmun deg yal aɣesmar, ifeɣmasen ayi ssexdamen-ten-tt i uɣẓaẓ d d tɣuzi. Ma d tiskanin-nsent tilɣanin niḍen d tid yugten, yemgaraden. Maca, tuget n telmas n tfesna ayi d tid meẓẓiyen deg ubleɣ d yiḍarren, d tid ɣezzifen deg udfar, yeččuren di tfekka. Yerna, tuget deg-sent d tid itetten ifsan d tnegwa timɣawin, maca kra deg-sent d tid yeṭṭafaren anagraw n wučči yunḍen.

Tagrawt n temseɣẓaẓ d tid yunḍen s waṭas, acku tilmas-is ttidirent deg yakk yimenẓawen n umaḍal anagar Antraktika, yerna tga d tafesna tamyiwent seg tfesniwin n temsuḍaḍ timarɣudin iy smehrsen Usṭralya war ma ad yettekki ufus n wemdan deg aya.

## Aglam

## Tusnazduɣt d tkelli

## Taẓuni (ideggan n tudert)

## Asismel

## Imniren

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Aɣeṛda n tmegra
* Anẓid
* Anẓid amaylal
* Tinẓidin
* Aɣeṛda
# Asismel n tesnudert

**Tasartut n tesnudert** neɣ **Asismel n tesnudert** d ayaw neɣ d angaz deg Tasensartut dgi yettwafk tsartut d usegrew n imuddiren
Tasartut neɣ asismel amaynu ttuɣalen iẓuran-is ar umusnaw n Swid Carl Von Linné i wesgerrez n wedsal n Charles Darwin deg uẓar amezday

## Tasartut

Deg tasnudert llan-t 8 n teggayin d tigejdanin: *1*: Taɣlut, *2*: Tagelda, *3*: astirf, *4*: Asmil, *5*: Tafesna, *6* tawacult, *7*: tawsit, *8*: Talmest
S akin, S tneflit n tussna rnan-t-d kra n tsurta tisnawanin:

* Taɣlut

* Tagelda

* Adu-tgelda

* Adur

* Adu-wadur

* Ifelasmil

* Asmil

* Adu-smil

* Aswag

* Afelfesna

* Tafesna

* Adu-tfesna

* Afeltwacult

* tawacult

* Adu-twacult

* Taɣreft

* Afeltewsit

* tawsit

* Adu-tewsit

* Ifeltelmest

* Talmest

* Adu-telmest

## Imniren
# Tagelda (tasnudert)

Iswiren n usesmel asnudran.

---

Amsedfer n 8 n yidrasen igejdanen i wsesmel asnudran. Ilgamen isasmalen ifurkanen ur d-ttbinen ara deg talɣa.
**Tagelda** (S Tlatinit « *regnum* ») deg tamessartut, d aswir wis sin deg udras amessarti, tezgad s ddaw n taɣult. Tigeldiwin ttugezmen-t ɣer tegrawin meẓẓiyen yettwasemman adur.

## Asenmel d irmawen yeqqnen ɣures

Ass mi i d-yefka umusnaw Carl Von Linné ismawen ibedden ɣef iswiren deg tesnudert, yefka aswir amenzu yakk i «tgelda», ṭṭafarent-id kuẓ (4) n yiswiren igejdanen: Asmil, Tafesna, Tawsit, Talmest. Sin akin s kra n wakud, ttuskecmen-d sin n yiswiren igejdanen niden, s wakken ad tili tezrart: Tagelda ɣer Ustirf ɣer Usmil ɣer Tfesna ɣer Twacult ɣer Tewsit ɣer Telmest. Ma yella deg iseggasen n 60 n tsut tis 20, rnan-d aswir sufell n Tgelda igan d taɣult, s wakka Tagelda ur tuɣal ara deg yixef n uswir n unagraw-a.

## Tira d timselɣa

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
# Aɣersiw

| Aɣersiw |
| --- |
| Igensasen seg yismilen yemgaraden. |
| Tasensartut |
|  |
| Super-domaine | Cytota (mul)  |
| Taɣult | Eukaryota |
| Tafel-gelda | Holozoa (mul)  |
| tagelda  | **Animalia** Linnaeus, 1758
 |
|  |
| Isali amatan |
| Taɣbalut | animal fossil (en)  |

**Iɣersiwen** (Assaɣ ussnan: **Animalia**) akken i ttwaswmmayen s Tlatint: **metazoa** (anamek-is: tugtakwatin), d imuddiren imziɣwawen igtakwaten i d-issiliɣen tagelda tasnudrant taɣersawt. Ɣas akken llant kra n tsuraf, maca iɣersiwen tetten tinegwa tigmanin, sgunefayen uksijin, zemren ad mbiwlen akken izemren ad myarawen s wuzuf. Yella-d weglam n ugar n 1.5 n imelyan n telmas n ɣersiwen imidduren - gar-asen azal n umelyun n telmas n ibureɣsen -, maca imesnudranen settgen d akken llan ugar n 7 n imelyan n telmas n iɣersiwen. Tiddiwin n iɣersiwen gant gar m 8.5 mikṛumiter alamma d 33.6 miter, lan tisedmirin tukrisin gugar-asen yakk d twennaṭ-nsen, akken ilan iẓeḍwan imeččiyen ukrisen. Tussna izerrwen iɣersiwen d tasenɣersiwt.

Dɣa ula d amdan iga d agmam seg tgelda taɣersawt.

## Tilmas n iɣersiwen

Llant 3 n tegrawin tigejdanin deg tgelda taɣersawt:

* **Imestuga**: d widak itetten tuga d yimɣan.
* **Imseksumen**: d widak itetten aksum s ugmar n yiɣersiwen niḍen.
* **Igetmeččiyen**: d widak itetten kra yellan (ama d imɣan neɣ d iɣersiwen.

Akken i llant tegrawin meẓẓiyen s agensu n tegrawin-a.

### Timseksumin

### Timestuga

### Tirammatin

## Amnekni n twennaṭ

## Azrar imečči

## Zeddi deg wučči

## Tameddurt n iɣersiwen

## Ijenṭaden

## Tikelli n iɣersiwen

## Talsuffɣa tazufant

## Inig d tikli

## Tamuski

## Amsegzi

## Imniren

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

## Tiwelhiwin
# Adur (tasnudert)

Iswiren n usesmel asnudran.

---

Amsedfer n 8 n yidrasen igejdanen i wsesmel asnudran. Ilgamen isasmalen ifurkanen ur d-ttbinen ara deg talɣa.
Deg tesnudert, **Adur** d yiwen n wedras amessarti deg usesmel asnudran i d-izgan s ddaw n tgelda yakk d nnig n wesmil. Asesmel deg wadur ur yegguni ara ɣef wudem n tfekka tuffiɣt, maca d win yeggunin ɣef wudem n tfekka tagensut n umuddir, ma deg tasnimɣant yettusexdem yirem n **wegzam** deg wadeg n wadur s talɣa tanasayt, ɣas akken deg umedru agreɣlan i yimɣan i d-illan deg useggas n 1993 yettwaddeg (yettwaqbel) deg-s yirem n wadur Tafelda taɣersawt d tin igebren seg wazal n 35 n yidurra, ma d Tagelda tamɣawt d tin igebren seg wazal n 12 n yidurra. Llan sin n yidrasen imessartiyen i d-ittekken seg wada-dur gan d:

* Ad-adur.
* Asmil.

## Asenmel/abadu d yimedyaten

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

## Imniren
# Timzikrin

| Timzikrin |
| --- |
|  |
| Tasensartut |
|  |
| Tafel-gelda | Holozoa (mul)  |
| Tagelda | Animalia |
| Adu-tgelda | Bilateria
 |
| Adur  | **Chordata** Bateson, 1885
 |
|  |

**Timzikrin** neɣ **Tizikranin** (isem ussnan: **Chordata**) d adur n iɣersiwen i d-yekkan seg ufurk asnudran n tsendisin, akken i yeṭṭafar wadur-a afel-adur n tesnimawin. Isem-is yekka-d seg yiziker n uzagur igan d angul n ugergis i d-izgan ɣef yidis n uzagur n uɣersiw. Adur-a yegber seg kuẓ n tdurin: tixefzikrin (*Cephalochordata*), timezdeɣzikin (*Vetulicolia*, negrent), timkebrin (*Tunicata*) yakk d tnaɣlalin (*Vertebrata*), dɣa snat n tegrawin-a tineggura ṭṭafarent afurk asnudran n tsekduyin (*Olfactores*).

Adur-a issiliɣ-d yiwen seg waduren meqqren yakk deg tgelda n iɣersiwen, acku tegber ugar n 65000 n telmas, ayen i d-tt-iǧǧan ad tili d tagrawt tameqrant tis snat seld n teswermin. Dɣa i snat-nsent lant (sɛant) azal n 1.5 n imelyan n telmas, neɣ ayen yegdan 80% n telmas yettwassnen.

## Amezruy n temhazt

## Umuɣ n tfesniwin

## Imniren
# Asmil (tasnudert)

Deg tesnudert, **Asmil** d yiwen n wedras amessarti deg tsensartut. Adras-ayi yezga-d s ddaw n wadur, yakk d nnig n tfesna. Yegber seg sin n yidrasen ifurkanen:

* Afel-smil.
* Adu-smil neɣ **Almes** deg kra n tsanayin.

Dɣa irem n (*Class*) deg usesmel asnudran d win yettunefken daɣen i tigget tasertut (*tamsartut*) deg wesmil-nni, anda tamsartut tga d tigget tasuddsant deg tsensartut.

Imazzagen n tsensartut d wid i d-ittakzen isegra d igburen n yal asmil. Dɣa deg waṭas n tikkal ur yettili ara umtawa yeddukklen, anda imazzagen yemgaraden ttawin turdiwin (leṛyuy) yemgaraden, acku ulac ilugan ufrinen ara ad yeǧǧen yal amazzag ad ten-yeḍfer deg tukza n wesmil. Cwi kan yettili-d umtawa deg wayen yezzin ɣef yiɣersiwen yettwassnen, anda i d-ittili umtawa deg turdiwin.

## Amsedfer azmugan n yismilen

### Amedya seg tgelda taɣersawt

| Isem | Anamek n tezwart | Amedya 1 | Amedya 2 | Amedya 3  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Superclass (Afel-asmil) | super: Afelasmil | Tikuẓdarin |  |  |
| Class (Asmil) |  | Timsuṭad | Tiɣsemdarin | Tizermudmin |
| Subclass (Adu-smil) | sub: Adu wesmil | Tizagirin | Thecostraca | Tiylafriwin |
| Infraclass (ader-asmil) | Infra : Ader, Azdar |  | Tafenzit | Agṭiṭ |
| Parvclass (?) | parvus: |  |  | Igṭaṭ itraren |

### Amedya seg tgelda tamɣawt

## Isekkilen ineggura i d-yettakzen asmil deg Tlatint

Ismawen n yismilen yettfakka s usdfer **-opsida** ɣer Tuga, **-phyceae** ɣer adalen dɣa **-mycetes** ɣer igersalen.

I tgelda n uɣersiw, idfiren s ersen kan ddaw asertatu n afel-tawacult (ICZN amagrad 27.2).

Imedyaten :

* aɣersiw : *Aves* (Igṭaṭ), *Mammalia* (Timsuṭad), *Reptilia* (Timraradin), *Actinopterygii* (Tizenzercafin)
* amɣaw : *Liliopsida* (monocotylédones), *Magnoliopsida* (Tasnayyawin)
* agersal : *Myxomycetes* (myxomycètes), *Acrasiomycetes* (acrasiomycètes)
* adalen : *Chlorophyceae* (chlorophycées)

## Isertuta nniḍen n tamessartut

**Idrasen imessartiyen** yettusmersen deg tinnagrawt tamensayt i usesmel analluy n yimuddiren:

* **Tagelda** (Regnum)
* Adu-tgelda (*Subregnum*)
* Afurk (*Ramus*, « branch » s tanglizit)
* Adergeldaw (*Infraregnum*)
	+ Afel-adur neɣ afel-gzum (*Superdivisio*, *Superphylum*)
	+ **Adur**, **agzum**, **Phylum** (Divisio, Phylum)
	+ ada-dur, Adu-gzum, Adu-phylum (*Subdivisio*, *Subphylum*)
	+ ader-adur (*Infraphylum*)
	+ Amikṛu-astirf (*Microphylum*)
		- Afel-asmil (tasnudert)|Afel-asmil (*Superclassis*)
		- **Asmil** (Classis)
		- Adu-smil (*Subclassis*)
		- adur-smil (*Infraclassis*)
			* Afel-fesna (*Superordo*)
			* **Tafesna** (Ordo)
			* Adu-tfesna (*Subordo*)
			* ader-fesna (*Infraordo*)
			* imzik-tfesna (*Microordo*)
				+ Afel-tawacult (*Superfamilia*)
				+ **Tawacult** (Familia)
				+ Adu-tawacult (*Subfamilia*)
				+ Taɣreft (*Tribus*)
				+ Adu-ɣref (*Subtribus*)
					- **Tawsit** (Genus)
					- Adu-tewsit (*Subgenus*)
					- Tigezmi (*Sectio*)
						* **Talmest** (species)
						* adu-talmest (*subspecies*)
							+ Irzi neɣ Tasemrirt (*varietas*) neɣ iri
							+ adu-rzi (*subvarietas*) neɣ adu-tsemrirt
							+ talɣa (*forma*)
							+ Aadu-talɣa (*subforma*)

## Imniren

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
# Tisuḍaḍ

| Tisuḍaḍ |
| --- |
| Tasensartut |
|  |
| Tagelda | Animalia |
| Adu-tgelda | Bilateria |
| Adur | Chordata |
| Ad-adur | Vertebrata |
| Ifelasmil | Tetrapoda
 |
| asmil  | **Mammalia** Linnaeus, 1758
 |
|  |
| Isali amatan |
| Taɣbalut |
ayefki, viande de mammifère (fr)  d peau (fr)  |

**Tisuḍaḍ** neɣ **Timsuḍaḍ** (isem ussnan: *Mammalia*) d ader-adur i d-ikkan seg wadur n tnaɣlalin. Ader-adur ayi iga d angazsartu n iɣersiwen inefrawen igensuzɣalen.

Deg useggas n 2006 ttwasnen-d azal n 5702 n telmas n temsiffatin, Ttwasgerwent deg: 1229 n tewsitin, 153 n twaculin d 29 n tfesna, Deg useggas n 2008 tessemdu (tkemmel) tuddsa n Tiddukla tagreɣlant i waray n tgama (IUCN) 17000 n tecrawin tusnatin n temseffatin n umadal n umuɣ-is azeggaɣ yessawṭen ar 5488 n telmas.

Timesiffatin yakk tarrwent s tarrawt anagar Tiynakkayin tismusin (tid yettarwen s tmellalin), Azal ameqran n temsiffatin tisdisin n tfesna (6 n tfesna) ṭṭafarent tagrawt n tinefra d tid:

* Timseɣẓaẓ: (iɣerdayen, arruyen, imekdaden, ilfan n waman
* Tizeɣnennayin: (Azeɣnennay... )
* Timenteẓẓatin: (Amenteẓẓa, Aɣezkal ...).

Krad (3) n tfesna timeqranin yettwasxedmen deg Tasartut n tesnudert:

* Tigejdanin: Dɣa d tayyi i yeṭṭafar uwsit afgan
* Tisenfednin
* Timseksumin: (imcac, izmawen, iɣilasen, idemriyen, ursuten ...)

## Imniren
# Tafesna (tasnudert)

Deg tasnudert, **Tafesna** d aswir wis kiẓ deg tsartut n tesnudert. Yal tafesna n imuddiren tegzem ɣer waṭas n twaculin iy gezmen s iman-is ɣer yismilen.
Deg usismel asnudran, tafesna tettusexdem deg usismel n yimuddiren, sin akin tettili-d tukza-nsen s yizumal n usemmi. Deg kra n tikwal, tettili-d tmerniwt n tfesna tafellayt tusridt (*Afelfesna*) nnig n tfesna tamzwarut. Akken daɣen i d-tettili tmerniwt n tfesna taddayt (*Tader-fesna*) srid. Tafesna tezmert ad tili d tagrawt n tiwaculin yefkan assaɣ gar-asent.

## Idrasen imessartiyen niden

**Idrasen imessartiyen** yettusmersen deg tinnagrawt tamensayt i usesmel analluy n yimuddiren:

* **Tagelda** (Regnum)
* Adu-tgelda (*Subregnum*)
* Afurk (*Ramus*, « branch » s tanglizit)
* Adergeldaw (*Infraregnum*)
	+ Afel-adur neɣ afel-gzum (*Superdivisio*, *Superphylum*)
	+ **Adur**, **agzum**, **Phylum** (Divisio, Phylum)
	+ ada-dur, Adu-gzum, Adu-phylum (*Subdivisio*, *Subphylum*)
	+ ader-adur (*Infraphylum*)
	+ Amikṛu-astirf (*Microphylum*)
		- Afel-asmil (tasnudert)|Afel-asmil (*Superclassis*)
		- **Asmil** (Classis)
		- Adu-smil (*Subclassis*)
		- adur-smil (*Infraclassis*)
			* Afel-fesna (*Superordo*)
			* **Tafesna** (Ordo)
			* Adu-tfesna (*Subordo*)
			* ader-fesna (*Infraordo*)
			* imzik-tfesna (*Microordo*)
				+ Afel-tawacult (*Superfamilia*)
				+ **Tawacult** (Familia)
				+ Adu-tawacult (*Subfamilia*)
				+ Taɣreft (*Tribus*)
				+ Adu-ɣref (*Subtribus*)
					- **Tawsit** (Genus)
					- Adu-tewsit (*Subgenus*)
					- Tigezmi (*Sectio*)
						* **Talmest** (species)
						* adu-talmest (*subspecies*)
							+ Irzi neɣ Tasemrirt (*varietas*) neɣ iri
							+ adu-rzi (*subvarietas*) neɣ adu-tsemrirt
							+ talɣa (*forma*)
							+ Aadu-talɣa (*subforma*)

## Imniren

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
# Adu-tfesna

**tadufesna** deg tsartut n tesnudert d taseddaṛt yeṭṭafaren tfesna, Adu-tfesna d adras amessarti yezwaren aswag, Tezga-d gar n twacult d tfesna.

## Imedyan

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
# Tawacult (tasnudert)

Iswiren n usesmel asnudran.

---

Amsedfer n 8 n yidrasen igejdanen i wsesmel asnudran. Ilgamen isasmalen ifurkanen ur d-ttbinen ara deg talɣa.
Di tesnudert, **tawacult** d tasartut issegrawen tiwsitin i d-immalen irwasen (imcabiyen) imeqranen gar-asent. Tawacult tga d aswir wis smus (wis 5) deg usesmel n Linné.

## Ifukkuyen ilatinen i d-immalen idrasen

Deg wayen yezzin ɣef ifukkuyen ilatinen i d-immalen idrasen, udmawen n twaculin ttfakkan s udfir -**aceae**- (s *āceae*, i wesget unti s Tlatint -āceus « tirewsi ») ɣer yimɣan, adalen d iberčečča yakk d **idae** ɣer iɣersiwen.

## Idrasen imessartiyen n iden

* Amenkud, Afuɣal, Taɣult (*Superregnum, Imperium, Dominium*)
* **Tagelda** (**Regnum**)
* Adu-tgelda (*Subregnum*)
* Afurk (*Ramus*, « *branch* » s Teglizit)
* Azdar-tgelda (*Infraregnum*)
	+ Afel-adur, Afel-agzam (*Superphylum, Superdivisio*)
	+ Adu-wadur, Adu-gzam (*Subphylum, Subdivisio*)
	+ Azdar-adur (*Infraphylum*)
		- *Ifelasmil* (*Classis*)
		- **Asmil** (**Classis**)
		- Adu-smil (*Subclassis*)
		- Azdar-smil (*Infraclassis*)
			* Afelfesna (*Superordo*)
			* **Tafesna** (**Ordo**)
			* Adu-tfesna (*Subordo*)
			* Azdar-tfesna (*Infraordo*)
			* Imzik-tfesna (*Microordo*)
				+ Afeltwacult (*Superfamilia*)
				+ **Tawacult** (**Familia**)
				+ Adu-twacult (*Subfamilia*)
				+ Taɣreft (*Tribus*)
				+ Adu-teɣreft (*Subtribus*)
					- **Tawsit** (**Genus**)
					- Adu-tewsit (*Subgenus':)*
					- Tigezmi (*Sectio*)
					- Adu-tgezmi (*Subsectio*)
						* **Talmest** (**Species**)
						* Adu-telmest (*subspecies*)- Adras asnudran amaddud (unṣib) aneggar
						* Irzi, Azɣer gan d idrasen isnudranen irmadduden (arunṣib)
						* Adu-rzi (*subvarietas*) - Adu-zɣer gan d idrasen isnudranen irmadduden
						* Talɣa (*Forma*)
						* Adu-telɣa (*Subforma*)

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
# Taɣeṛdayt

| Taɣeṛdayt |
| --- |
|  |
| Tasensartut |
|  |
| Adur | Chordata |
| Asmil | Mammalia |
| Tafesna | Rodentia |
| Afeltwacult | Muroidea (fr)  |
| tawacult  | **Muridae** Illiger, 1811
 |
|  |

**Taɣeṛdayt** (Assaɣ ussnan: *Muridae*) d tawacult n iɣersiwen imsuṭad yeṭṭafaren tafesna n temseɣẓaẓ dges ugar n 1100 n telmas, Deg tewsitin-is yella iɣeṛdayen, iɣuliyen d idwiyen

## Tidu-twaculin ur nengir

* Tiɣulidṭin (Assaɣ ussnan: *Sigmodontinae*)
* Tiɣṛdaklasin (Assaɣ ussnan: *Calomyscinae*)
* Timaklasin (Assaɣ ussnan: *Cricetinae*)

## Tidu-twaculin i negren

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
# Akutay

| Akutay |
| --- |
|  |
| Tasensartut |
|  |
| Asmil | Mammalia |
| Tafesna | Rodentia |
| Tawacult | Muridae
 |
| Adu-twacult  | **Gerbillinae** Gray, 1825
 |
|  |

**Akutay** (isem ussnan: **Gerbillinae**) d tafelwacult n temseɣẓaẓ yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tɣerdayin. Tafelwacult-a tegber seg 103 n telmas yebṭan ɣef 16 n tewsitin, yettidiren deg Tferka d Asya.

## Tinnagrewt

Ikutayen d iɣersiwen idermettiyen iynarcalen yettidiren deg tegrawin meẓẓiyen, anda yal tagrawt tnebbeḍ tajumma yettawaḍen ɣer timad (asget n 100) n imitren seg ungu ilqayen.

## Amyaraw

## Amgarad gar n ukutay d yidwi

## Umuɣ n tewsitin

S unect n Anagraw n isalan imessartiyen ummid''ITIS'' (31 mayu 2013]]:

* Ammodillus imbellis.
* Akeldemmuc n Przewalski – (*Brachiones*).
* Akutay awezlan n Buchanan – (*Desmodilliscus*).
* Gerbillurus.
* Akutay – (*Gerbillus*).
* Akunder – (*Meriones*).
* Akutay azuran usallaf – (*Pachyuromys duprasi*).
* Taɣulit – (*Psammomys*).
* Akutay ameqran – (*Rhombomys*).
* Akutay imenẓi usallaf – (*Sekeetamys*).

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
# Tawsit (tudersent)

**Tawsit** (s Tlatint: *Genus*) d adras amessarti yettusmersen deg tsensartut n yimuddiren d timesɣaz yakk d ivirusen. Deg ubellez amnursuy i wsesmel asnudran, Tawsit tettas-d d nnig n telmest yakk d ddaw n twacult, Dɣa deg wassaɣ amisin, isem n tewsit yettaleɣ-d isem amezwaru n wassaɣ amisin i yal talmest yeṭṭafaren tawsit-nni. Amedya **Panthera leo** (izem) d **Panthera uncia** (aɣilas n wedfel) gan d snat n telmas n **Panthera** yeṭṭafaren tawacult n Felidae

Imusnawen n tsensartut ttakzen-d asemmi n tewsit maca ulac ilugan ufrinen deg usesmel n tewsit ɣef wanect-a imazzagen yemgaraden ttsumuren-d isesmilen yemgaraden i tewsitin

Ɣas akken ma llant kra n tillalin timuta yettwasmersen, gar-asent tikti i d-iqqaren d akken tiwsitin yettwassnen taggara ayyi yessefk fell-asent ad lunt (ad sɛunt) 3 n isebdaden i wakken ad ttussemlen-tt d tiwsitin.

* Aynazɣer: Yakk tilmas i d-illan seg yiwet n temsartut timezdit yakked (lwaḥi)
* Temẓi n ubleɣ ad yili s talɣa taɣerzant: yessefk ur yettili ara wemgarad meqqren s waṭas gar n ibelɣen gar tilmas

## Assissen

Yakk tilmas n imuddiren (aɣersiw, tuga, imɣan, igersalen...) ttwaqqnen ɣer yiwet n tewsit, ɣef ugani n wassaɣ ussnan yettwasmersen sɣur Carl Von Linné.

Yal talmest tezmer ad tlu (tesɛu) aṭas tdu-lmas: amedya, awerɣil amenkad (isem alatini : *Aptenodytes forsteri*) d uwerɣil ageldan (*Aptenodytes patagonica*) llan sin yidsen deg tewsit *Aptenodytes*, n twacult n sapiens iwerɣilen.

Tawsit talsant semman-as Homo.

## Tiggayin n yisem n tewsit

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
# Talmest

Iswiren n usesmel asnudran.

---

Amsedfer n 8 n yidrasen igejdanen i wsesmel asnudran. Ilgamen isasmalen ifurkanen ur d-ttbinen ara deg talɣa.
**Talmest** (Asget: Tilmas), (s Tlatinit: *species*) di tesnudert d yiwet n tigget n usesmel asnudran agejdan, akken i tga d adras amessarti agejdan deg tsensartut. Talmest tettwassen d akken-it d tagrawt n imuddiren izemren ad myarawen w ad nerrnin gugar-asen w ad farsen tarwa. Ɣas akken tabadut-ayi ur d-tkeffu ara deg waṭas n waddaden, maca yella wemray (ṣṣeɛuba) deg tbadut n yirem n telmest. Dɣa annect-a yettwassen s wugur n talmest, acku deg waṭas n wakuden ttwasxedmen wawalen niḍen am tsensileɣt d wullun areygaman.

Tilin n tufutin timsezgiyin timazzagin i kra n twennaṭ yettawi ar ugzam n telmest ar "temsurta s ddaw n uswir n telmest" am adu-telmest (neɣ timsurta n iden yettusxedmen deg tesnimɣan am irzi d talɣa tusligt).

Tilmas yeṭṭafaren yiwen n uẓar ttusisemlen-t deg yiwet n tewsit anect-a yettili-d s uguni ɣef umcabi gar-asen.

Tilin n usenmel amellil i yirem n telmest d wayen yellan s ddaw-as d ayen yellan d imsefki i wefran n telmas d tussna-nsent i wsersi n turdiwin tisnudranin yakk d wakat n tuggtudert (biodiversity).

## Asenmel allil n isnudranen

## Amezruy n tsartut

## Ugur n telmest

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Assaɣ ussnan
* Asmil
# Addad n taggaẓt

| addad n taggaẓt |
| --- |
|  |
| Isefka |
| Adu-smil n | classe (fr)  |

**Addad n taggaẓt** n telmest, d amatar n tezmert n kra n telmest i wakken as teqqim tamiddurt (ur tengir ara) deg yimal s tɣuri d uzraw n uɣrud n tmerniwt d tdersi (d wenqas) i telmest s uzray n wakud. Dɣa, tella tama iremden deg teɣlut-a, umi qqaren Tiddukla tagreɣlant i waray n tgama id yessufeɣen Umuɣ azeggaɣ n IUCN anda yessers 3 n telmas i telmas yellan deg umizi:

* Talmest deg umizi afellay .
* Talmest deg umizi.
* Talmest deg umizi adday.

## Addaden n taggaẓt

* Tenger (EX)
* Tenger deg wezɣar (EW)
* Talmest deg umihi afellay (CR)
* Tilmest deg umizi (EN)
* Talmest deg umizi adday (VU)
* Talmest tudes ar umizi (NT)
* Talmest ur tettwaggez (LC)
* Talmest s isefka imidrusen (DD)
* Ur yessazel (NE)

## Inagrawen igraɣlanen

## Inagrawen iget-imuren

## Inagrawen iɣelnawen

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
# Tiddukla tagreɣlant i taggaẓt n tgama

| Tiddukla tagreɣlant i taggaẓt n tgama |
| --- |
|  |
|  |
| Isefka |
| Isem amaddud | Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature et de ses ressources, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources d Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza y de losRecursos Naturales |
| Isem asgezlan | IUCN, МСОП, UICN, МСОП, UICN, AICD, UICN, ԲՊՄՄ, UICN, IUBN, ХТҚО, МСЗП, МУЗП d MUZP |
| Anaw | organisation non gouvernementale internationale (fr)  d éditeur scientifique (fr)  |
| Secteur d'activité économique (fr)  | protection des animaux (fr)  |
| Tamurt |
Taswist |
| Armud |
| Analam | Large Carnivore Initiative for Europe (fr)  |
|  |
| Nombre d’employés (fr)  |
1 089 (2024) |
| Produit (fr)  |
Umuɣ azeggaɣ n IUCN d Liste rouge des écosystèmes de l'UICN (fr)  |
| Tinnebṭit |
| Aselway | Razan Khalifa Al Mubarak (fr)  |
| Directeur général ou directrice générale (fr)  | Bruno Oberle (fr)  |
| Asutel amatu | Gland (fr)  |
| Forme juridique (fr)  | association de droit suisse (fr)  |
| Propriétaire de (fr)  | Commission mondiale des aires protégées (fr)  |
| Financial data |
| Budget (fr)  |
193 728 000 Fr (2024) |
| Assets |
224 161 000 Fr (31 Duǧember 2024) |
| Capitaux propres (fr)  |
31 693 000 Fr (31 Duǧember 2024) |
| Tisekcam |
196 873 000 Fr (2024) |
| Bénéfice net (fr)  |
6 313 000 Fr (2024) |
| Bénéfice avant intérêts et impôts (fr)  |
3 145 000 Fr (2024) |
| Amezruy |
| Asnulfu |
5 Tuber 1948 |
| Founded in | Fontainebleau |
| Awards received |
 prix Princesse des Asturies de la concorde  (1988) prix Planète bleue  (1993) |
|
iucn.org
  |

**Tiddukla tagreɣlant i waray n tgama d teɣbula-ynes** d tuddsa tamezwarut n twennadṭ deg umadal id yennulfan deg wass n 5 Tuber 1948, Tasult-is tella deg temdint n Genève tla (tesɛa) azal n 200 n iduba, 1000 n tuddsiwin turdabutin d wazal n 10000 n imaɣzalen deg 160 n tmura, Tawuri-ynes (leqdic-is) ybedd af anagi usnan

## Amezruy

## Ẓer daɣen

* Umuɣ azeggaɣ n IUCN
# Talmest ur tettwaggez

**Talmest ur tettwaggez** (**LC**) d yiwet n tasartut neɣ n usismel deg waddad n taggaẓt yeṭṭafaren umuɣ azeggaɣ n IUCN yettusxedmen i weglam (awṣaf) n imuddiren ur nettwaggez ara i wengar am tzizwa d tfunasin d Mejjir akk d yifganen. Maca asexdem n tsartut-a, ur d-ttili ara alamma yessentem (yettḥeqq) seg yimḍanen n imuddiren imidduren (i mazal ddren). Ar tura, llant ugar n 14030 n telmas n iɣersiwen d 15000 n telmas n yemɣan s ddaw n tsartut-a.

## Tamhazt

## Imedya

## Ẓeṛ daɣen