# Tinaɣlalin

| Tinaɣlalin |
| --- |
|  |
| Tasensartut |
|  |
| Tagelda | Animalia |
| Adur | Chordata
 |
| ad-adur  | **Vertebrata** Cuvier, 1812
 |
|  |
| Isali amatan |
| Taɣbalut | abat (fr)  |

**Tinaɣlalin** (isem ussnan: **Vertebrata**) d ad-wadur n iɣersiwen ilan (yesɛan) ajgu n uzagur d uqecṛuṛ. Adu-wdur ayi d win yeṭṭfen amur ameqqran n telmas n wadur n tmzukar s wazal n 64,000 n telmas yettugelmen (yettuweṣfen). Ibelɣen n tnaɣlalin d wid igan d imeẓyanen am yigra (talmest n Paedophryne amauensis) s webleɣ n 7,7 mm, alamma d imeqqran deg-sen yakk (tizmekt tazegzawt), s webleɣ yugaren 33 m. Tinaɣlalin sgensisent-d azal n 4% n telmas iɣersiwen iy mazalen ddren, ma d ayen i d-yegran gant d tiraɣlalin ur nli ara (ur nesɛi ara) ajgu n uzagur. Amur ameqran n tnaɣlalin lant ajgu n uzagur yebnan ɣef tegrawt n yiɣsan, isem-it-sen tiɣlalin, maca llant kra n telmas ur lint ara ajgu n uzagur n yiɣess. Amedya, ɣer uweqqas, yerna ajgu-ynes n uzagur d win igebren seg ugergis. Tinaɣlalin yakk lant tafekka d tazamalt (idis neɣ azgen ayeffus n tfekka-nsent yemmug am wezgen azelmaḍ). Tafekka n tnaɣlalin tebḍa ɣef yixef d igiger, yerna tinaɣlalin yettidiren deg tegnit (lqaɛa) lant iri d snat n tyuga n yirawen.

Tinaɣlalin gebrent seg tirɣesmarin d tinɣesmarin, igebren iselman ingergisen (am uweqqas d Tasewwant) d tɣesselmin d talmest tafurkan n tɣesselmin yettwassnen s yisem n tidkesman n irawen igebbren tikuẓdarin (tikelmanin, timsuṭaṭ d yigṭaṭ).

## Amezruy

Tneɣlalin timenzuyin banent-d deg aterḍeq Akambri send n 518 n imelyan n iseggasen. Deg tallit n Uṛdufisyan neɣ tasiluṛt, nneflint-d tnaɣlalin iy ilan (yesɛan) iɣesmaren. Sin akin, Iselman iy lan iɣsan deg tallit tadivunt, s amek i d-banent tikelmanin timenzuyin deg wakal deg tallit takeṛbunit. Ma deg tallit tamakṛadt, banent-d temsuḍaḍ d idinuẓuren. Dɣa, igḍaḍ kkan-d seg yidinuẓuren deg tallit tallit tajuṛast.

Aṭas n telmas n tnaɣlalin tmagarent-d asider (nniqsan) meqren seg useggas n 1970 s sebba n usmeskel anezway d ubluleɣ d yisemda n telmas timekcumin.

## Asesmel

### Tasartut

Tinaɣlalin d amiḍran asenɣersaw n iɣersiwen ilan tiɣlalin. Tasartut-a issers-itt-id Georges Cuvier (*timsirin deg usemmili yettwasrewsen* deg 1805) yakk d Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (*inaw n walday n temsirin n iɣersiwen igraɣlalen* deg 1806).

### Asismel amiran

Asesmel aklasik n teslemgergisin (*Chondrichthyes*) yettumeggez d azuniran ɣer tmuɣli ɣer tikuẓdarin, ɣef wanecta ur yelli ara d asesmel asiman deg yisesmilen ifurkanen, maca yella deg yisesmilen imehzanen. Ɣas akken irem ayi yettusexdem tikwal deg tɣult n usesmil afurkan i wakken ad imel yakk tikuẓdarin d iselman imgergisen iklasiken. Ɣas akken imusnawen n usesmil ssemyafen isem akniw *Euteleostomi* ur nli ara turdiwin deg usenmel-ines.

### Umuɣ n yismilen imiranen

S unect n *ITIS*:

* Ader-adur n Tirɣesmarin (*Agnatha*):
	+ Tixfaylalɣatin - (*Cephalaspidomorphi*)
	+ Timxenzaz - (*Myxinidae*)
* Ader-adur n Tiɣesmarmawin (*Gnathostomata*):
	+ Afel-smil d usmil n Tislemgergisin (*Chondrichthyes*) – iselman imgergisem (am iweqqasen, tisewwanin...)
	+ Afel-smil n Tiqqerfriwin (*Actinopterygii*) – iselman imaqquren n wafriwen:
		- Tigergeɣsatin – (*Chondrostei*)
		- Tiskadranin – (*Cladistia*)
		- Tiɣsummidin – (*Holostei*)
		- Tineɣsatin – (*Teleostei*)
	+ Afel-smil n Tikesmfriwin (*Sarcopterygii*):
		- Timsennenurzutin – (*Coelacanthiformes*)
		- Ticcuɣmeslɣatin – (*Ceratodontimorpha*)
	+ Tikuẓdarin – (*Tetrapoda*):
		- Tikelmanin – (*Amphibia*)
		- Igḍaḍ – (*Aves*)
		- Timsuḍaḍ – (*Mammalia*).
		- Timraradin – (*Reptilia*)

S unect n Useklas Amaḍlan n Telmas Tiwlalin:

* Ader-adur n Tirɣesmarin (*Agnatha*):
	+ Tixfaylalɣatin - (*Cephalaspidomorphi*)
	+ Timxenzaz - (*Myxinidae*)
* Ader-adur n Tiɣesmarmawin (*Gnathostomata*):
	+ Afel-smil n Iselman (*Pisces*);
		- Tiqqerfriwin (*Actinopterygii*)
		- Timsennenurzutin – (*Coelacanthiformes*)
		- Ticcuɣmeslɣatin – (*Dipneusti*)
		- Tiseffilfuckin – (*Elasmobranchii*)
		- Tixfummidin – (*Holocephali*)
	+ Tikuẓdarin – (*Tetrapoda*):
		- Tikelmanin – (*Amphibia*)
		- Igḍaḍ – (*Aves*)
		- Timsuḍaḍ – (*Mammalia*).
		- Timraradin – (*Reptilia*)

### Tamhazt

## Ifrunen n unegmu umgun ɣer tnaɣlalin

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Tiraɣlalin