# Wangsa Yuan

|  |
| --- |
| Yuan Raya |
| 大元 Dai Ön Ulus |
| Khanat Kakaisaran Mongol |
|

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | **1271–1368** |  |

 |
| Pernahé Wangsa Yuan MongolWilayah Rajawangsa Yuan ing taun 1294 |
| Pernahé Wangsa Yuan Mongol |
| **Kutha krajan** | Dadu (saiki Beijing) |
| **Basa** | Basa Mongol Mandarin |
| **Agama** | Buddhisme (Cina lan Tibet), Taoisme, Konfusianisme, Agama tradisional Cina |
| **Pamaréntahan** | Monarki dengan hak pilih terbatas |
| **Kaisar-Khagan** |  |
|  •  | 1260–1294
  | Kubilai Khan |
|  •  | 1333–1370 | Ukhaatu Khan |
| **Bebadan lègislatif** | Kurultai |
| **Jaman sajarah** | Abad tengahan |
|  •  | Perang Toluid | 18 Desember 1271 |
|  •  | Wangsa Song Lor dikalahke | 19 Maret 1276 |
|  •  | Dikalahke Ming ing Dadu | 14 September 1368 |
| **Laladan** |
|  •  | Kiro-kiro 1310
  | 14,000,000 km2 (5,400,000 sq mi)
  |
| **Cacah wong** |
|  •  | 1293 est.
  | kira-kiro 62,818,128  |
| **Valutah** | Dluwang |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| **Sadurungé** | **Sawisé** |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Kakaisaran Mongol |
|  | Wangsa Song |

 |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Yuan Lor |  |
| Wangsa Ming |  |

 |

 |
| **Saiki dadi péranganing** |  Tiongkok  Mongolia  Rusia  Korea Utara |

**RajawangsaYuan** (Tionghoa: 元朝; Pinyin: *Yuáncháo*) resmi **Yuan Agung** (Tionghoa: 大元; Pinyin: *Dà Yuán*) iku sawijining dinasti kakaisaran sing dipimpin Mongol ing Cina lan negara penerus Kakaisaran Mongol sawisé pecah. Iki diadegaké déning Kubilai (Kaisar Shizu), pamimpin klan Borjigin, lan dumadi saka 1271 nganti 1368. Ing kaca babad Cina, Wangsa Yuan ngetutake Wangsa Song lan ndhisiki Wangsa Ming.

Senajan Genghis Khan wis ngedeki tahta kanthi gelar Kaisar Cina ing taun 1206 lan Kakaisaran Mongol wis nguwasani wilayah-wilayah kalebu Cina lor nganti pirang-pirang dasataun, lagi taun 1271 Kubilai Khan resmi ngumumake Rajawangsa manut tradisi Cina, lan penaklukan ora rampung nganti 1279 nalika Wangsa Song ing Kidul Cina dikalahaké ing Pertempuran Yamen. Wangsa Yuan saka Mongol iku nguwasani sapérangan gedhé wilayah Cina lan saubengé, kalebu Mongolia modern. Nagari iki minangka dinasti pisanan sing didegaké déning ètnis non-Han sing nguwasani kabèh Cina. Ing taun 1368, sawisé kekalahan pasukan Yuan déning Wangsa Ming, para panguwasa Mongol mundur menyang Mongolia jero lan terus nguwasani nganti taun 1635 nalika padha nyerah marang Wangsa Jin Akhir (sing banjur menyang dadi Wangsa Qing).

Saliyane Kaisar Cina, Kubilai uga ngaku gelar Khan Agung, sing paling dhuwur tinimbang khanate penerus liyane: Chagatai, Kawanan Emas, lan Ilkhanat. Dadi, Yuan uga kadhangkala disebut minangka **Kakaisaran Khan Agung**. Nanging, nalika pratelan supremasi dening kaisar Yuan kadhangkala diakoni dening para khan kulon, kasebut nominal lan saben-saben terus ngembangake dhewe-dhewe.

## Pratelan Kaisar Yuan

| Jeneng Kuil
(Pesarean) | Jeneng Asli | Jeneng Liya | Mréntah | Jeneng Mréntah |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Taizu
(太祖 Tàizǔ) | Genghis Khan | Borjigin Temüjin (孛兒只斤鐵木真 Bóérzhījīn Tiěmùzhēn) | 1206–1227 |  |
| Ruizong
(睿宗 Ruìzōng) | Tolui | Borjigin Tolui (孛兒只斤拖雷 BóérzhījīnTuōléi) | 1227–1229 |  |
| Taizong
(太宗 Tàizōng) | Ögedei Khan | Borjigin Ögedei (孛兒只斤窩闊台 Bóérzhījīn Wōkuòtái) | 1229–1241 |  |
| Dingzong
(定宗 Dìngzōng) | Güyük Khan | Borjigin Güyük (孛兒只斤貴由 Bóérzhījīn Guìyuó) | 1246–1248 |  |
| Xianzong
(憲宗 Xiànzōng) | Möngke Khan | Borjigin Möngke (孛兒只斤蒙哥 Bóérzhījīn Ménggē) | 1251–1259 |  |
| Shizu
(世祖 Shìzǔ) | Kubilai Khan | Borjigin Kublai (孛兒只斤忽必烈 Bóérzhījīn Hūbìliè) | 1260–1294 | Zhongtong (中統 Zhōngtǒng) 1260–1264

Zhiyuan (至元 Zhìyuán) 1264–1294 |
| Chengzong
(成宗 Chéngzōng) | Temür Öljeytü Khân | Borjigin Temür (孛兒只斤鐵木耳 Bóérzhījīn Tiěmù'ěr) | 1294–1307 | Yuanzhen (元貞 Yuánzhēn) 1295–1297

Dade (大德 Dàdé) 1297–1307 |
| Wuzong
(武宗 Wǔzōng) | Qayisan Külüg | Borjigin Qayshan (孛兒只斤海山 Bóérzhījīn Hǎishān) | 1307–1311 | Zhida (至大 Zhìdà) 1308–1311 |
| Renzong
(仁宗 Rénzōng) | Ayurparibhadra | Borjigin Ayurparibhadra (孛兒只斤愛育黎拔力八達 Bóérzhījīn Àiyùlíbálìbādá) | 1311–1320 | Huangqing (皇慶 Huángqìng) 1312–1313

Yanyou (延祐 Yányòu) 1314–1320 |
| Yingzong
(英宗 Yīngzōng) | Suddhipala Gege'en | Borjigin **Suddhipala** (孛兒只斤碩德八剌 Bóérzhījīn Shuòdébālá) | 1320–1323 | Zhizhi (至治 Zhìzhì) 1321–1323 |
| Jinzong
(晉宗 Jìnzōng) (1) | Yesün-Temür | Borjigin Yesün-Temür (孛兒只斤也孫鐵木兒 Bóérzhījīn Yěsūntiěmùér) | 1323–1328 | Taiding (泰定 Tàidìng) 1321–1328

Zhihe (致和 Zhìhé) 1328 |
|  | Arigaba | Borjigin Arigaba (孛兒只斤阿速吉八 Bóérzhījīn Āsùjíbā) | 1328 | Tianshun (天順 Tiānshùn) 1328 |
| Wenzong(文宗 Wénzōng) | Jiyaghatu Toq-Temür | Borjigin Toq-Temür (孛兒只斤圖鐵木兒 Bóérzhījīn Tútiěmùér) | 1328–1329
lan 1329–1332 | Tianli (天曆 Tiānlì) 1328–1330

Zhishun (至順 Zhìshùn) 1330–1332 |
| Mingzong(明宗 Míngzōng) | Qoshila Qutuqtu | Borjigin Qoshila (孛兒只斤和世剌 Bóérzhījīn Héshìlà) | 1329 | Tidak Ada |
| Ningzong(寧宗 Níngzōng) | Irinchibal | Borjigin Irinchibal (孛兒只斤懿璘質班 Bóérzhījīn Yìlínzhìbān) | 1332 | Zhishun (至順 Zhìshùn) 1332 |
| Huizong(惠宗 Huìzōng) (1) | Toghan-Temür | Borjigin Toghan-Temür (孛兒只斤妥懽鐵木兒 Bóérzhījīn Tuǒhuān Tiěmùér) | 1333–1370 | Zhishun (至順 Zhìshùn) 1333

Yuantong (元統 Yuántǒng) 1333–1335
Zhiyuan (至元 Zhìyuán) 1335–1340
Zhizheng (至正 Zhìzhèng) 1341–1368
Zhiyuan (至元 Zhìyuán) 1368–1370 |

## Pamerangan administrasi

### Provinsi

| Jeneng Provinsi | Ibukota | katrangan |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Gansu
(甘肅行省) | Distrik Zhangye | Krajaan Qocho di ngisor dedekan Chagatai |
| Henan Jiangbei (河南江北行省) | Distrik Kaifeng | Digawe taun 1268 |
| Huguang (湖廣行省) | Wuhan | Digawe taun 1274 |
| Jiangxi (江西行省) | Nanchang | Digawe taun 1277 |
| Liaoyang (遼陽行省) | Distrik Liaoyang | Digawe taun 1271 |
| Lingbei (嶺北行省) | Karakorum | Digawe taun 1271 |
| Shaanxi (陝西行省) | Xi'an | Digawe taun 1260 |
| Sichuan (四川行省) | Chengdu | Digawe taun 1294 |
| Yunnan (雲南行省) | Kunming | Digawe taun 1274
Keluwarga Duan soko Krajaan Dali kang Gubernur Maharaja. |
| Zhengdong (征東行省) | Kaesong | Digawe taun 1270
Raja Goryeo mrentah nganggo status Provinsi Istimewa |

Lan Wilayah khusus ing pangawasan Biro Urusan Buddha lan Tibet

## Rujukan

## Uga delengan

* Kakaisaran Mongol
* Kubilai Khan