# 有声硬口蓋破擦音

| 有声硬口蓋破擦音 |
| --- |
| ɟ͡ʝ |
| IPA 番号 | 108+433+139 |
| IPA 表記 | [ɟ͡ʝ] |
| Unicode | U+025F U+0361 U+029D |
| 文字参照 | &#607;&#865;&#669; |
| JIS X 0213 | 1-10-85 + 1-11-50 + 1-10-87 |
| X-SAMPA | J\j\ |
| Kirshenbaum | JC<vcd>  |
| 音声サンプル |

**有声硬口蓋破擦音**（ゆうせい こうこうがい はさつおん）は、子音の種類の一つ。前舌と硬口蓋で閉鎖を作ったのち、開放すると同時に隙間から生じる息の摩擦を伴う音。国際音声記号では[ɟ͡ʝ]と表記される。

## 特徴

* 気流の起こし手 - 肺臓気流機構によって生じる呼気。
* 発声 - 声帯の振動を伴う有声音。
* 調音
	+ 調音部位 前舌と硬口蓋による硬口蓋音。
	+ 調音方法
		- 口腔内の気流 - 舌の中央を気流が通る中線音
		- 調音器官の接近度 - 調音部位で完全な閉鎖をつくったあと、呼気を伴いながら閉鎖をゆっくりと開放することにより隙間で起こる摩擦を伴う破裂音（破擦音）。
		- 口蓋帆の位置 - 口蓋帆を持ち上げて鼻腔への通路を塞いだ口音。

## 言語例

* ハンガリー語：**gy**ár [ɟ͡ʝaːr] 「工場」
* スペイン語（カスティーリャ方言）：**y**ate [ˈɟ͡jate̞] 「ヨット」
* スコルト・サーミ語：vuõˊl**ǧǧ**em [vʲuɘlɟ͡ʝːɛm] 「私は別れる」

**子音**

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|

**肺臓気流**|  | 両唇 | 唇歯 | 歯 | 歯茎 | 後部歯茎 | そり舌 | 硬口蓋 | 軟口蓋 | 口蓋垂 | 咽頭 | 声門 |
| 破裂 | p | b | (p̪) | (b̪) | (t̪) | (d̪) | t | d |  |  | ʈ | ɖ | c | ɟ | k | ɡ | q | ɢ | ( ʡˤ) |  | ʔ |  |
| 鼻 | (m̥) | m | (ɱ̊) | ɱ | (n̪̊) | (n̪) | (n̥) | n |  |  |  | ɳ |  | ɲ |  | ŋ |  | ɴ |  |  |
| ふるえ | (ʙ̥) | ʙ |  |  |  |  | (r̥) | r |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ʀ |  |  |
| はじき |  | (ⱱ̟) |  | ⱱ |  |  |  | ɾ |  |  |  | ɽ |  | (ɟ̆) |  |  | (ɢ̆) |  | (ʡ̆) |  |
| 摩擦 | ɸ | β | f | v | θ | ð | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | ʂ | ʐ | ç | ʝ | x | ɣ | χ | ʁ | ħ | ʕ | h | ɦ |
| 側面摩擦 |  |  |  |  | ɬ | ɮ |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 接近 |  | (β̞) | (ʋ̥) | ʋ |  |  | (ɹ̥) | ɹ |  |  |  | ɻ |  | j |  | ɰ |  |  |  |  |  |
| 側面接近 |  |  |  |  | (l̥) | l |  |  |  | ɭ |  | ʎ |  | ʟ |  |  |  |  |

 |  |

**非肺臓気流 表
* 話
* 編
* 歴
| 吸着 | ʘ | ǀ | ǃ | 𝼊 | ǂ | ǁ | (ʞ) |
| 入破 | ɓ | ɗ̪ | ɗ | (ᶑ) | ʄ | ɠ | ʛ |
| 放出 | pʼ | (t̪ʼ) | tʼ | ʈʼ | cʼ | kʼ | (qʼ) | sʼ |

**その他**| 同時調音 | ʍ | w | ɥ | ɕ | ʑ | ɧ |
| (k͡p) | (ɡ͡b) | (ŋ͡m) |

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 喉頭蓋音 | ʜ | ʢ | ʡ |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 舌唇音 | (t̼) | (d̼) | (n̼) | (θ̼) | (ð̼) |

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| その他側面音 | ɺ | (ɭ̆) | (ɫ) |

 |
|

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 破擦音 | p͡ɸ | b͡β | p̪͡f | b̪͡v | t͡θ | d͡ð | t͡s | d͡z | t͡ʃ | d͡ʒ | ʈ͡ʂ | ɖ͡ʐ | t͡ɕ | d͡ʑ | c͡ç | ɟ͡ʝ | k͡x | ɡ͡ɣ | q͡χ | ɢ͡ʁ | t͡ɬ | d͡ɮ | ʔ͡h |  |

 |
| 記号が二つ並んでいるものは、左が無声音、右が有声音。網掛けは調音が不可能と考えられる部分。 丸括弧内はIPA子音表（2005年改訂版）に記載されていないもの。
 |

国際音声記号 - 子音 * 表
* 話
* 編
* 歴