Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Asụsụ Akeu

| Akeu |
| --- |
| Spoken in: | China, Myanmar, Laos |
| Total speakers: | Templeeti:Sigfig |
| Language family: | Sino-Tibetan  Tibeto-Burman   Lolo–Burmese    Loloish     Southern Loloish      Siloid       **Akeu** |
| Language codes |
| ISO 639-1: | *none* |
| ISO 639-2: | `—` |
| ISO 639-3: | `aeu` |
|

**Akeu** bụ asụsụ Loloish a na-asụkarị na Jinghong na Mengla County, China, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-asụ obere na Burma, Laos na Thailand. Gokhy nwere ike ịbụ njikọ.

Luma nwekwara mmekọrịta chiri anya na Akeu dịka Lew (2023) siri kwuo.

## Nkesa

Akeu (Ake 阿克; autonym: Gouke 勾克) ka a na-asụ n'ebe ndị a nke Yunnan (Ị 2013:172). Ndị Akeu si na Mojiang County kwaga na mpaghara Xishuangbanna (西双版纳, Sipsonpanna) ọgbọ 8 gara aga (ihe dịka afọ 300 gara aga).

* Ganlanba 橄榄坝, Menghan Township 勐罕镇, Jinghong City 景洪市;
* Obodo Menglong 勐龙镇, Jinghong City 景洪市;
* Ugwu Sanda 三达山, Jinghong City 景洪市;
* Obodo Menglun 勐仑镇, Mengla County 勐腊县;
* Mpaghara Yiwu 易武乡, Mengla County 勐腊县.

## Olumba

Olumba Akeu nke Kyaingtong, Myanmar na Menglun 勐仑镇, Mengla County, China yitere. Okwu ndị a sitere na olumba Akeu abụọ a sitere na Hayashi (2015).

| Gloss | Kyaingtong Akeu | Menglun Akeu |
| --- | --- | --- |
| tii | lɔ⁵⁵bo² | lɔ⁵⁵bɔ²¹ |
| ezi | wa̱²¹ | wa̱²¹ |
| nnụnụ | ka²¹a² | kja̱²¹ |
| nnu | tsa̱²¹dʉ̱²¹ | tsa̱²¹dʉ̱²¹ |
| buffalo | u³ na⁵ | mo²¹na³³ |
| anọ | li²¹ | li²¹ |
| ife efe | bɛ³³ | bɛ³³ |

## Okwu okwu

Ọnụọgụ Akeu bụ:

1. tɯʔ˨
2. ɲ̩ʔ˨
3. hɛ˦
4. li˨
5. ŋa˨
6. koʔ˨
7. siʔ˨
8. eʔ˨
9. ɡy˨
10. tsʰə˦

## Ntụaka

Laos na Thailand. Gokhy nwere ike ịbụ njikọ.
# Asụsụ Bisoid

Asụsụ **Bisoid** (Phunoi) bụ ngalaba ndịda Loloish ( Hanoish ) nke ezinụlọ asụsụ Sino-Tibet . A na-asụ ọtụtụ asụsụ Bisoid na Phongsaly Province, n'ebe ugwu Laos, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke ndị na-asụ asụsụ China ( Yunnan ), Vietnam ( Lai Châu Province ), Myanmar ( Shan State ), na ugwu Thailand .

## Asụsụ

Asụsụ Bisoid bụ:

## Nhazi

### Bradley (2007)

David Bradley (2007) na-ewere na olumba Bisoid ndị a nwere njikọ chiri anya.

* **Bisu** : Ndị agbụrụ 500 na ugwu Thailand, ndị na-asụ ya pere mpe
* **Hpyin** ( **Pyen** ): akọpụtagoro dị ka moribund na 1900, ma dochie Lahu
* **Laomian** : Ndị na-asụ 4,000 (n'ime ndị agbụrụ 5,000) na Central Lancang County
* **Laopin** : ihe na-erughị 1,000 ndị ọkà okwu (n'ime 1,300 agbụrụ) na Menghai County
* **law33 pan11** ( **Lao-Pan** na Kingsada (1999))

Bradley (2007) depụtara asụsụ *Sinsali* (nke bụbu *Phunoi* ) ndị a, nke dị iche na ibe ya.

* **Sinsali** kwesịrị ekwesị
* **pʰɔŋ33 ku55** ( **Phongku** na Kingsada (1999))
* **law21 sɛŋ21** ( **Laoseng** na Kingsada (1999))
* **pi33 su44** ( **Bisu** )

Asụsụ Bisoid ndị ọzọ gụnyere:

* **phongset** ( *pʰoŋ33 set55* ) (Shintani 2001)
* **Phunyot** ( *pʰu21 ɲɔt11* ) (Kato 2008)

### Udomkool (2006)

Kitjapol Udomkool (2006:34), na-ehota data sitere na Wright, depụtakwara asụsụ Bisoid (Phunoi) ndị a.

* **Tsukong** [ *tsu33 kɔŋ33* ] (China): nso Cốông
* **Cauho** [ *cau33 ho33* ] (Laos): dị iche iche
* **Bantan** [ *ban33 taŋ33* ] (Laos): dị iche iche
* **Cantan** [ *can33 tan33* ] (Laos): nso Sinsali

Kitjapol Udomkool (2006) na-enye nhazi mgbakọ na mwepụ ndị a maka otu Bisoid (Phunoi), na-eji usoro UPGMA .Templeeti:Clade

### Wright (nd)

Wright (nd) na-ahazi asụsụ Singsali (Phunoi) nke Phongsaly Province, Laos dịka ndị a. Phongku nwere ike ma ọ bụ ghara ịbụ otu otu dị ka Laoseng, Phongset, Cantan, na Singsali .

### Hsiu (2016, 2018)

A tụlekwara asụsụ bisoid na nyocha lexical phylogenetic computational 2016 nke Hsiu (2016) mere.

Hsiu (2018) dezigharịrị nhazi Bisoid dị n'elu dịka ndị a, gbakwunyere Habei na Bisoid.

Bisoid
* Ụyọkọ Bisu : Bisu, Laomian, Laopin, Pyen, Laopan
* Ụyọkọ Singsali: Phunoi, Singsali, Cantan, Laoseng, Phongku, Phongset, Phunyot
* Ụyọkọ Coong: Cốông, Sangkong, Tsukong
* Cauho
* Bantan
* Hongsat
* Habei (Mani)

Achọpụtakwara Muda ka ọ nwere substratum Bisoid na Akha superstratum. Khongsat na Laoseng nwere okwu mbinye Siloid .

## Ntụaka
# Asụsụ Cốông

**Cốông** bụ asụsụ Loloish nke Vietnam . Ndị na-ekwu okwu ruru 1,500 na-asụ ya na Mường Tè District, Lai Châu Province, Vietnam. Ọ metụtara ma ọ dị nnọọ iche na Phunoi .

## Nkesa

Dịka Jerold Edmondson (2002) siri kwuo, a na-asụ Cốông n'ime obodo ise nke Mường Tè District, Lai Châu Province, Vietnam.

* Bo Lếch, Can Hồ nkwurịta okwu
* Nậm Khao, Nậm Khao commune
* Nậm Pục, Nậm Khao commune
* Tác Ngá, Mường Mồ commune
* Nậm Kè, Mường Tong commune

Dịka Phạm Huy (1998:10) siri kwuo, a na-asụ Côống n’obodo nta ndị a, nke niile dị na Mường Tè District ma ewezuga Huổi Sâư.

* Bo Lếch, Can Hồ nkwurịta okwu
* Nậm Luồng, Can Hồ commune (akụkụ nke Bo Lếch tupu)
* Nậm Khao, Nậm Khao commune
* Nậm Pục, Nậm Khao commune
* Tác Ngá, Mường Mô commune
* Nậm Kè, Mường Toong commune
* Huổi Sâư, Chà Cang commune, Mường Lay district

## Nkebi

Phạm Huy (1998:12) depụtara mpaghara agbụrụ Côống abụọ ndị a.

* Xí Tù Mạ (Silver Côống)
* Xám Khổng Xú Lứ (Golden Côống)

## Akpaokwu

Golden Côống na Silver Côống dị iche n'asụsụ dị iche iche, dịka e gosipụtara site na nkebiokwu ndị a sitere na Phạm (1998:13) n'asụsụ Vietnamese ( *quốc ngữ* ).

* *Golden Coong*
	+ Háng lế ('Ònye nọ ebe ahụ?')
	+ Hàng chà ('rie osikapa')
	+ Ý sộ tắng ('aṅụ mmiri')
* *Silver Coong*
	+ À sáng lê ('Ònye dị?')
	+ Hắng tà ('rie osikapa')
	+ Ịṅụ mmiri ('ụnụ mmiri')

## Ntụaka

kwaga na ndịda ma gafee Osimiri Uhie (Honghe)

* Edmondson, Jerold A. 2002. "Asụsụ Central na Southern Loloish nke Vietnam". *Usoro nke Nzukọ Kwa Afọ nke iri abụọ na asatọ nke Berkeley Linguistics Society: Oge Ọpụrụiche na Tibeto-Burman na Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia* (2002), p. 1–13.
* Phạm Huy. 1998. *Bước đầu tìm hiểu văn hóa dân tộc Côống* . Lai Châu: Sở Văn Hóa Thông Tin Lai Châu.
* Dị iche iche. 2014. *Văn hóa dân gian người Cống tỉnh Điện Biên (Quyển 1)* . Hà Nội: Nhà xuất bản văn hóa thông tin. ISBN 978-604-50-1544-5
* Dị iche iche. 2014. *Văn hóa dân gian người Cống tỉnh Điện Biên (Quyển 3)* . Hà Nội: Nhà xuất bản văn hóa thông tin. ISBN 978-604-50-1546-9
# Asụsụ Habei

| Language name |
| --- |
| Spoken in: | —  |
| Region: | — |
| Total speakers: | — |
| Language family: | Default |
| Language codes |
| ISO 639-1: | *none* |
| ISO 639-2: | `—` |
| ISO 639-3: | — |
|

**Habei** ( Chinese ; makwaara dị ka **Mani 玛尼** ) bụ asụsụ Southern Loloish nke Yunnan, China . Hsiu (2018) na-atụ aro na Habei bụ nke ngalaba Bisoid .

## ndabere

A na-asụ Habei naanị n'otu obodo, ya bụ obodo Habei 哈备村, Zhemi Township 者米乡, Jinping Miao, Yao, na Dai Autonomous County, Yunnan ( *Jinping County Ethnic Gazetteer* 2013:89, 101). Ndị Habei na-ezo aka n'obodo ha dị ka *Kuang An* (况安), nke pụtara 'obodo ochie' (< *kuang* 'obodo' + *'* ochie').

Ndị Habei ka na-echekwa emume ọdịnala ọdịnala.

Yan (1995) na He & Liu (2011) edepụtala asụsụ Habei.

## Aha

Aha onwe na exonyms maka Habei bụ ndị a (Yan 1995:60).

* autonym: ma³³nɛ³³ (蛮尼)
* Yao exonym: ta⁵⁵ka³³ (nke ọma)
* Lahu exonym: xa⁴²pe⁵⁵ (哈背)
* Miao exonym: xa³³pe⁵³ (哈备)
* Zhuang exonym: je³³u⁵⁵ (牙乌)
* Hani exonym: xa³³pi⁵⁵, xa³³bø⁵⁵ (哈备)

## Ntụaka

Woni nke obodo Leda (勒达村), Xinping County

* He Shaoming 何绍明; Liu Jieting 刘洁婷. 2011.国际哈尼/阿卡区域文化调查: 中国金平县者米哈尼族哈备人文化实录. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press 云南人民出版社. ISBN 978-7-222-07408-8
* Yan Hongxin [晏红兴]. 1995. "Jinpingxian Hanizu Habeiren qingkuang diocha" [金平县哈尼族哈备人情况调查]. Na *Jinping shaoshu minzu de lishi he wenhua* [金平少数民族的历史和文化], p.59-72. Kunming: Ụlọ mbipụta agbụrụ nke Yunnan [云南民族出版社].
* Ị Weiqiong [尤伟琼]. 2013. *Nkewa agbụrụ nke Yunnan* [云南民族识别研究]. Beijing: Nationalities Press [民族出版社].
# Asụsụ Kathu

| Language name |
| --- |
| Spoken in: | —  |
| Region: | — |
| Total speakers: | — |
| Language family: | Default |
| Language codes |
| ISO 639-1: | *none* |
| ISO 639-2: | `—` |
| ISO 639-3: | — |
|

**Kathu** ( Chinese ) bụ asụsụ Lolo-Burmese nke Balong (坝聋), Nanping Township (南屏镇), Guangnan County, Yunnan, China . A na-akpọ ndị Kathu dị ka White Yi (白彝). Wu Zili (2004) na-eme atụmatụ na Kathu nwere ngụkọta nke ihe karịrị 7,000 na-ekwu okwu na Guangnan County (gụnyere na Dayashao 大牙少 ), yana na Jinping County, Yunnan. *Ethnologue* na-ekwu maka ọnụnọ enwere ike na Guangxi Province.

A na-akpọ ụdị dị iche iche metụtara ya dị ka **Gi** .

Kathu-Ị bụ onye ama ama maka inwe ụyọkọ consonant mbụ, nke dị n'ime alaka Lolo-Burmese na-ahụkwa na Burmese Edere ( Ochie Burmese ) na Jinuo (Hsiu 2014: 66). Wu (2004) depụtara ụyọkọ mmalite pl, pʰl, bl, ml, kl, kʰl, gl, ql, qʰl, ɢl, ŋl.

## Ụdị dị iche iche

Hsiu (2014:65) na-akọwapụta ụdị abụọ a na-asụ na Nanping Township (南屏镇).

* **Kathu** ( aha ya bụ : *ka33 θu33* ), kwuru na obodo Anwang 安王村
* **Ị** ( aha njirimara : *θou̯53* ), kwuru na Balong village 坝聋村

## Nhazi

Okwu Kathu yiri nke asụsụ Mondzish ndị ọzọ. Otú ọ dị, e nwere okwu dị iche iche nke na-apụtaghị na Lolo-Burmese sitere na ngalaba Tibeto-Burman na-amaghị (Hsiu 2014). Hsiu (2014) na-atụ aro na enwere ike ịgbakwunye Kathu na ndepụta George van Driem nke Trans-Himalayan " akwụkwọ dara ada ."

Bradley (1997) kewapụtara Kathu dị ka asụsụ Northern Loloish, ebe Bradley (2007) kewara ya dị ka asụsụ ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Loloish . Otú ọ dị, Pelkey (2011:458) kwuru na Kathu na Mo'ang abụghị asụsụ ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Loloish.

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta okwu Kathu (Wiktionary)

## Ntụaka

* Wu Zili [武自立]. 2004. "Asụsụ Gasu [嘎僳话]". N'ime *ọmụmụ banyere asụsụ ndị ahọpụtara nke Yunnan* [云南特殊语言研究], 486-513. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press [云南民族出版社]. ISBN 7536730624

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

* Hụ, Andrew. 2014. " Mondzish: obere otu ọhụrụ nke Lolo-Burmese Archived ". N'ime *mmemme nke 14th International Symposium on Chinese Language and linguistics (IsCLL-14)* . Taipei: Academia Sinica.
* Wu Zili [武自立]. 1994. Ọmụmụ izizi nke asụsụ Gasu nke Guangnan County, Yunnan Province [云南省广南县嘎苏话初探]. Minzu Yuwen 2.
* Wu Zili [武自立]. 2004. "Asụsụ Gasu [嘎僳话]". N'ime *ọmụmụ banyere asụsụ ndị ahọpụtara nke Yunnan* [云南特殊语言研究], 486-513. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press [云南民族出版社]. ISBN 7536730624
# Asụsụ Maang

Asụsụ Maang

asụsụ| Obere ụdị nke | Mondzish  |

  From Wikidata**Maang** ( Chinese ; aha aha: *maːŋ33* ma ọ bụ *mӕ̠aŋ33* ) ma ọ bụ **Mo'ang** ( Chinese ; autonym: *mɯaŋ51* ) bụ asụsụ Lolo-Burmese nke Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan, China na ugwu Vietnam . A na-akpọkwa ndị Maang na mpaghara dịka *Gāokùjiǎo Yí* (高裤脚彝; "High-Trousered Yi") site n'agbụrụ ndị ọzọ (Zhou 2014:1).

Lama (2012) na-ekewa Maang n'ime ngalaba Mondzish nke Lolo–Burmise. Maang nwere ọtụtụ okwu ego Zhuang ( Central Tai ) (Wang 2018).

## Nkesa

* Obodo Banlun 板仑乡, Funing County, Yunnan
	+ Longyang 龙洋 (Maang, Zhuang, na Han ndị China bi)
	+ Longmai 龙迈
	+ Mula 木腊 (Maang, Zhuang, na Han ndị China bi)
	+ Gongjinwei 公金渭
	+ Kela 克拉
* Mugan 木甘, Niuchang Village 牛场村, Lida town 里达镇 (Maang, ndị bi na Zhuang)
* Muxiongping Village 木兄坪村, Muyang town 木央镇
	+ Zhilun 直伦 (ndị bi na Maang na Miao)
	+ Upper Muyang 上木羊 (Ndị bi na Maang na Miao)
	+ Lower Muyang 下木羊 (ndị bi na Maang na Miao)
* Xiaomulun 小睦伦, Obodo Muyang 木央镇 (Han Chinese, Maang, na Yao bi)
* Ligong 里拱, Obodo Lida 里达镇, Funing County, Yunnan (nakwa obodo iri na abụọ ọzọ na obodo Lida 里达镇)
* Obodo nta nke Zhechang 者长, Dana 达那, Nianbi 念必 na Napo County, Guangxi Province

Enwere ezinụlọ 713 na mmadụ 4,079 dị ka atụmatụ 2003 sitere na gọọmentị Funing County (Zhou 2014:1).

## Ntụaka

ezinụlọ 713 na mmadụ 4,079 dị ka atụmatụ 2003 sitere na gọọmentị Funing County (Zhou 2014:1).

* Hụ, Andrew. 2014. " Mondzish: obere otu ọhụrụ nke Lolo-Burmese ". N'ime *mmemme nke 14th International Symposium on Chinese Language and linguistics (IsCLL-14)* . Taipei: Academia Sinica.
* Hụ, Andrew. 2017. Ndepụta okwu ọnụnụ pụtara . Zenodo.
* Lama, Ziwo Qiu-Fuyuan (2012), *Subgrouping of Nisoic (Yi) Languages*, thesis, University of Texas at Arlington ( debere )
* Wang, Zhanling 王战领. 2018. Mo'angyu de xishu ji qi yuyan jiechu 末昂语的系属及其语言接触. *Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Mahadum Honghe*期红河学院学报, Vol.16 No.2, Apr. 2018. doi : 10.13963/j.cnki.hhuxb.2018.02.010
* Wu, Zili [武自立]. 1993. Ọmụmụ izizi nke asụsụ Mo'ang nke Funing County, Yunnan Province [云南富宁未昂话初探]. Minzu Yuwen 2.
* Zhou, Decai [周德才]. 2014. *Ọmụmụ nke Mo'ang* [末昂语研究]. Beijing: Ụlọ mbipụta nke agbụrụ [民族出版社].

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ọnụọgụ mo'ang
# Asụsụ Mauphu

| Language name |
| --- |
| Spoken in: | —  |
| Region: | — |
| Total speakers: | — |
| Language family: | Default |
| Language codes |
| ISO 639-1: | *none* |
| ISO 639-2: | `—` |
| ISO 639-3: | — |
|

**Mauphu** ( aha ya bụ : *mau21 pʰu35* ) bụ asụsụ Lolo-Burmese nọ n'ihe egwu nke ihe dị ka mmadụ iri abụọ na-asụ n'obodo Dagulu 大咕噜, Guangnan County, Yunnan, China. A na-asụ ya naanị n’otu obodo. Mauphu na Motang bụ asụsụ nwere njikọ chiri anya.

## Ntụaka

Asụsụ obodo nke
# Asụsụ Telue

**Telue** (nsụgharị pinyin : Duoluo 多罗; Tolo) ma ọ bụ **White Gelao** bụ asụsụ Gelao a na-asụ na China na Vietnam.

## Olumba

Ebe a ka na-asụ asụsụ Telue (White Gelao) bụ:

* Guizhou, China (na Liuzhi Special District ): Judu 居都
* Guangxi, China (na Longlin County ): Moji 磨基 (a na-asụkwa na Wantao 湾桃)
* Yunnan, China (na Malipo County ): Yueliangwan 月亮湾 (a na-asụkwa na Fengyan 峰岩 na Laozhai 老寨)
* Vietnam (na Hà Giang Province )

## fonology

Duoluo nwere ọtụtụ consonants uvular na prenasalized .

### Consonants

|  | Labial | Dental/ Alveolar | (Alveolo-)<br id="mwSQ"><br>palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| plain | pal. | lat. | plain | pal. | plain | <small id="mwYg">pal.</small> | lab. | plain | pal. |
| Stop | voiceless | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink |  | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink |
| aspirated | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink |  | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink |  |
| voiced | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink |  | Templeeti:IPAlink |  |  |  |
| Affricate | voiceless |  |  | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink |  |  |  |  |
| aspirated |  |  | Templeeti:IPAlink | (Templeeti:IPAlink) |  |  |  |  |
| voiced |  |  | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink |  |  |  |  |
| Fricative | voiceless | Templeeti:IPAlink |  | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink |  |  |  | Templeeti:IPAlink |
| voiced | Templeeti:IPAlink |  | Templeeti:IPAlink |  | Templeeti:IPAlink |  |  |  |
| Nasal | voiceless | Templeeti:IPAlink |  | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink |  |  |  |
| voiced | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink |  |  |  |
| Lateral | fricative |  |  | Templeeti:IPAlink |  |  |  |  |  |
| glide |  |  | Templeeti:IPAlink | Templeeti:IPAlink |  |  |  |  | Templeeti:IPAlink |
| labial |  |  | Templeeti:IPAlink |  |  |  |  |  |
| Approximant |  |  |  | Templeeti:IPAlink |  | (Templeeti:IPAlink) |  |  |

* Ụda nke affricates /ts, tsʰ, dz/ na-anọkarị nso na ụda n'etiti eze [tθ, tθʰ, dð] .
* Mkpọpụta nke /j/ mgbe ụfọdụ nwere ike ịnọ nso na ụda alveolo-palatal [ʑ], ma ọ bụghị dị ka akọwara ya nke ọma.
* /ŋ/ nwekwara ike ịmepụta imi syllabic [ŋ̍] .
* Ụda /tɕʰ, w/ na-apụtakarị na okwu mbinye ndị China ọgbara ọhụrụ.

## Ntụaka

yanakwa ụda ụkwụ na mgbagha ọgba aghara nke ndị ọrụ ugbo. E wedara nke a site na njikọ aka nke nke
# N'asụsụ

**En** ( autonym : *aiɲ 53* ma ọ bụ *eɲ 33ʔ*, nke a makwaara dị ka **Nùng Vẻn** ) bụ asụsụ Kra a na-asụ na Vietnam. Tupu achọpụtara ya na 1998, asụsụ En enweghị ọdịiche na Nùng, nke bụ asụsụ Central Tai nwere njikọ chiri anya na Zhuang . N'ọgwụgwụ 1990s, onye na-asụ asụsụ Vietnamese Hoàng Văn Ma achọpụtala na ọ bụghị asụsụ Tai, n'ikpeazụ na-eduga n'ọrụ ubi na-amata ọdịiche En dị ka asụsụ dị iche. Ndị nchọpụta ekpebiela na En ga-abụ otu n'ime asụsụ Buyang .

Ndị na-ekwu okwu En bi na ugwu Vietnam n'akụkụ ókèala Jingxi County, Guangxi . Na 1998, a chọtara ndị ọkà okwu En 12 km n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke obodo Hà Quảng na obodo Nội Thôn, Hà Quảng District, Cao Bằng Province .

## Ekwentị

En nwere ụda isii: / ˥˦, ˨˦˧, ˧˧˨, ˧, ˨˩˨, ˧˨ / (/54, 243, 332, 33, 212, 32/).

## Ntụaka

na-ekwu okwu na-ebikarị na China. Ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na Akha, yana na

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

* Diller, Anthony, Jerold A. Edmondson, na Yongxian Luo ed. *Asụsụ Tai-Kadai* . Usoro Ezinụlọ Asụsụ Routledge. Psychology Press, 2008.
# Ịbụ asụsụ

**Be Be**(native pronunciation: [ʔɑŋ˧ɓe˧]native pronunciation: [ʔɑŋ˧ɓe˧] okwu ala: [ʔɑŋī]), nke a makwaara dị ka **Ong Be**, Bê, ma ọ bụ *Vo Limgao* (Mandarin: 临高话 *Lín'gāohuà*), bụ asụsụ abụọ ndị mmadụ 600,000 na-asụ, 100,000 n'ime ha na-asụsụ, n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke etiti Hainan Island, gụnyere mpaghara ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ nke isi obodo Haikou. native pronunciation: [ʔɑŋ˧ɓe˧]A na-agụ ndị na-ekwu okwu dị ka akụkụ nke mba Han China na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ. ka Ethnologue si kwuo, a na-akụzi ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị.

## Aha

Ndị [6]-asụ ya na-akpọ onwe ha *ʔaŋ³³vo³³*, ebe ʔaŋ 33 bụ prefix maka ndị mmadụ na *vo³³* pụtara 'obodo'. [1] Liang (1997) na-ekwu na ọ dị ka aha na-achị onwe ya: ŋaːu11fɔːn11 (site na ŋaːu11. 'onye' na *fɔːn¹¹* 'obodo'), nke ndị na-asụ asụsụ Gelong São隆 (Asụsụ Cun) na-ezo aka na onwe ha.

## Nchịkọta

Asụsụ Be bụ ụzọ abụọ nke asụsụ Kra-Dai, mana ezigbo mmekọrịta ya na alaka ndị ọzọ n'ime ezinụlọ Kra-Dai. ekpebibeghị nke ọma. Hansell (1988) lere Bụrụ ịbụ nwanne ngalaba Tai dabere n'okwu ọnụ, wee tụpụta mkpokọta Be-Tai.

XbgDabere ihe akaebe aha ebe site na aha ebe nwere prefix dya- (调 diao), Jinfang Li na-ewere na Be sitere na mpaghara Leizhou nke Guangdong. Liang (1997:16) na-ewere Be dị ka onye si na Leizhou Peninsula nke Guangdong kwagara Hainan ihe dị ka afọ 2,500 gara aga n'Oge Agha Steeti, mana ọ bụghị ihe karịrị afọ 3,000 gara aga. Liang & Zhang (1996:21-25) kwekwaara na Be si na Leizhou Peninsula kwaga n'ebe ugwu Hainan ihe dị ka afọ 2,500 gara aga n'oge Warring States.

Weera Ostapirat (1998), na-enyocha data sitere na Zhang (1992), na-ekwu na Be na Jizhao\_language" id="mwUQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jizhao language">Jizhao nwere ọtụtụ ihe yiri okwu na nkwekọrịta ụda, nakwa na Jizhao nwekwara ike ịbụ asụsụ fọdụrụ na Be na ala China.

## Asụsụ

[11] nwere asụsụ Lincheng 临城 (Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ) na Qiongshan (Ebe Owụwa Anyanwụ). [1] Liang (1997:32) dere ụdị Be ndị a.

* Lingao County (gụnyere Lincheng 临城镇 na obodo Xinying 新城镇)
* Bailian 白莲, Chengmai CountyÓgbè Chengmai
* Obodo Longtang Obodo, Ógbè Qiongshan

[11] nke Chengmai dị n'etiti asụsụ Lincheng na Qiongshan, ma nwee atụmatụ nke abụọ ahụ.

Chen (2018) nwere data okwu zuru oke maka asụsụ Be nke Changliu (長流), Yongxing (永興), Longtang (龍ń), Qiaotou (橋頭), Huangtong (皇ń), na Xinying (新ń). Asụsụ Qiaotou, Huangtong, na Xinying enweghị ike ịghọta ya na asụsụ Changliu, Yongxing, Longtang, na Shishan (石山). Chen (2018) na-eweghachi Proto-Ong-Be na ndabere nke data okwu a.

### Nchịkọta

Chen (2018: 82) kewara olumba Ong-Be n'ime ìgwè abụọ, nke na-enweghị nghọta.

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke Proto-Ong-Be reconstructions (Wiktionary)

## Edensibia

kwekwaara na Be si na Leizhou Peninsula kwaga n'ebe ugwu Hainan ihe dị ka afọ 2,500 gara aga n'oge Warring States.

## Ọrụ ndị e depụtara

* Zhang, Yuansheng 張元生. 1985. *Hainan Lingaohua* 海南临高话. Nanning: Guangxi People's Publishing House na-ebipụta akwụkwọ na-ebipụ akwụkwọ na-akpọ广西民族.

## Njikọ mpụga

* ABVD: Ong Be ndepụta okwu
* Ong Be-asụsụ Swadesh ndepụta okwu ndị bụ isi (site na Wiktionary's Swadesh-list appendix)

Templeeti:Tai-Kadai languages
# Mok

| Mok |
| --- |
| Ógbè | Shan Steeti, Myanmar na Thailand |
| Ndị na-asụ asụsụ ala | 4,700 (2018)  |
| Ezinụlọ asụsụ | Ọdịda Anyanwụ Ụwa
* Khasi-Palaungic
	+ Palaungic
		- Angkuic
			* **Mok**
 |
| Koodu asụsụ |
| ISO 639-3 | `mqt` |
| *Glottolog* | `mokk1243` |
| ELP | Mok |

**Mok** (/mɔ̀k/ 'ndị ugwu' ), a makwaara dịka Amok, Hsen-Hsum, na Muak, bụ asụsụ Angkuic ma ọ bụ ụyọkọ asụsụ a na-asụ na Shan State, Myanmar

Wurm & Hattori (1981) kọrọ akụkọ ndị ọkà okwu asaa na mpaghara Lampang, Thailand.

## Ụdị dị iche iche

Hall & Devereux (2018) na-akọ na a na-asụ ụdị ise nke Mok na Shan State, Myanmar, na-enye tebụl okwu ntụnyere na-esonụ. .

| Nkọwa | Mok A | Mok B | Mok C | Mok D | Mok E | Muak Sa-aak | Pa Xɛp U | Hu |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| nwụọ | [Igbe dị na peejinke 14] | [n̩jém] | [Jám] | [Igbe dị na peeji nke 14] | [Igbe dị na peeji nke 14] | jâm | jàp | jám |
| ákwá | [jàːm] | [jàːm] | [jàːm] | [jàːm] | [jàːm] | Yaːm | jâm | jàm |
| ọkụkọ | [ʔèa] | [ʔeàː] | [ʔìa] | [ʔeàː] | [ʔeàː] | ʔɛ̂l | signed | - |
| ọlaọcha, ego | [mûi] | [Neg] | [ŋə̀n] | [Ọtụtụ] | [p.sí muî] | Mmanụ aṅụ | mùn | Mgbọ |
| na-efe efe (v.) | [thəːŋ] | [thiaŋ] / [phiaŋ] | [nthíaŋ] | [mphîang] | [nthîaŋ] | ph.jûl | mphə̀ | phɨʁ |
| louse | [síʔ] / [nsíʔ] | [síʔ] / [nsíʔ] | [nsíʔ] | [síʔ] / [nsíʔ] | [síʔ] / [nsíʔ] | Chiʔ | nchí | nsíʔ |

Owen (2018) na-akpọ ụdị ndị a Hwe Law, Chieng Kham, Pha Lam, Punglong, na Hwe Koi.

Asụsụ Mok nke Shan Steeti ka Shintani dere (2019).

## Ebe a na-ekesa ya

Tannumsaeng (2020) na-akọwa ebe atọ maka Mok: n'etiti Mong Khet na Mong Yang na ndịda Kengtung na Myanmar, na n'ókè Thai-Burmese na Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. Ebe ndị isi na-asụ asụsụ Mok na Shan Steeti gụnyere mpaghara dị n'ebe ndịda Kengtung, na mpaghara ọzọ dị n'etiti Mong Khet na Mong Yang.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

Tannumsaeng (2020), na-ekwu maka Hall & Devereux (2018), na-enye ụdaume ndị a maka Mok.

Mkpụrụ okwu ndị ahụ bụ /ph p m f w th t n s l r c ɲ j kh k ŋ ʔ h/, na mbelata /m̩ n̩ ɲ̩ ŋ̍ th th th th /f/ na /r/ na-apụta naanị n'ụdị ụfọdụ. Mkpụrụedemede bụ /i e ɛ u ɯ o ɤ ɔ a/, na diphthongs /ia ɯa ua/. Mok nwere Ụda abụọ, otu dị ala na otu dị elu.

### Mkpụrụ okwu

|  | Akpụkpọ ahụ | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Mkpịsị aka |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Plosive | Enweghị olu | p | t | c | k | ʔ |
| Ndị a chọrọ | ph | th |  | kh |  |
| Ụgbọ imi | m | n | ɲ | ŋ |  |
| Ihe na-esiri ike | f | s |  |  | h |
| Ihe na-atọ ụtọ |  | r |  |  |  |
| Ihe atụ | w | l | j | (w) |  |

### Mkpụrụedemede

|  | N'ihu | Central | Ịlaghachi azụ |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| N'akụkụ | i |  | ɯ • u |
| N'etiti etiti | na | ə | • Ihe omume o |
| N'etiti oghere | Ọ bụ | Ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ya |
| Emeghe | a |  |  |

Ebe e nwere ụdaume abụọ e kewara site na otu ntụpọ •, nke dị n'aka ekpe bụ nke a na-agbagharị agbagharị, nke dị n'aka nri a na-agbagharị agbagharị.

## Edensibia na ihe odide
# Lamet

| Lamet *Khamet (Xmet)* |
| --- |
| Spoken in: | Laos |
| Total speakers: | 20,000 |
| Language family: | Tustrusyawit  Khasi–Palaungic   Palaungic    **Lamet** |
| Language codes |
| ISO 639-1: | *none* |
| ISO 639-2: | `—` |
| ISO 639-3: | `lbn` |
|

**Lamet** ].

## Ebe ndị a na-anọ

.A na-asụ Lamet nke Lampang na mbụ n'obodo Takluh dị n'ebe ugwu Namtha dị na Laos

A na-asụ ụdị dị iche iche yiri ya a na-akpọ Lua' na Ban Pang Chok (Ban Lua), Wiang Pa Pao istrict, ndịda Chiang Rai Province, Thailand.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

Mkpụrụ okwu|  | Akpụkpọ ahụ | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Mkpịsị aka |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Plosive | p | t | c | k | ʔ |
| Ihe na-esiri ike | f | s |  | ɣ | h |
| Ụgbọ imi | m | n |  | ŋ |  |
| Ihe atụ | w | l="IPA" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"IPA link","href":"./Template:IPA\_link"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"r"}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwWw" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" typeof="mw:Transclusion">r, l | j |  |  |

Mkpụrụedemede|  | N'ihu | Central | Ịlaghachi azụ |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Elu | i iː | ɯ ːɯː | u uː |
| Ihe dị nso n'elu | ɪ ɪː | ə əː | ʊ ʊː |
| N'etiti | e eː | ʌ ʌː | o oː |
| Ala Dị Ala | ɛ ɛː | a aː | Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ka a ghara inwe ihe ọ bụlaɑː |

Lamet nwekwara Ụda abụọ; elu na ala.

## Edensibia

* Narumol, Charoenma 1980. *Usoro ụda nke Lampang Lamet na Wiang Papao Lua*. MA thesis, Mahadum Mahidol.
* Narumol, Charoenma 1982. *Phonologies nke Lampang Lamet na Wiang Papao Lua*. Mon-Khmer Studies 11. 35-45.

## Njikọ mpụga

*  RWAAI (Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage)
*  Lamet na RWAAI Digital Archive