# Agama di Thailand

| Agama di Thailand (2024) |
| --- |
| Agama |  |  | Persen |  |
| Buddha |   | 94,46% |
| Islam |   | 5,37% |
| Kristen |   | 1,13% |
| Hindu dan Sikh |   | 0,02% |
| Lainnya |   | 0,02% |

Wat Phra Kaew, Bangkok, Thailand.
Sebuah Wihara Buddha Theravada Thai (kiri) dan kelenteng agama tradisional Tionghoa (kanan), yang saling berdampingan, memperlihatkan keragaman agama yang dipraktikkan di Thailand.
Wat Arun pada saat senja.
**Agama di Thailand** beragam. Tidak ada agama negara resmi dalam konstitusi Thai, kebebasan beragama diberikan kepada seluruh warga negara Thai, meskipun raja yang disahkan secara hukum harus beragama Buddha Theravada. Agama utama yang dipraktikkan di Thailand adalah Buddha. Penduduk Tionghoa Thai juga mempraktikan agama tradisional Tionghoa, termasuk Tao. Beberapa etnis lainnya, khususnya kelompok etnis Isan, mempraktikan agama tradisional Thai. Jumlah Muslim yang signifikan, yang kebanyakan meliputi Melayu Thai, terdapat di wilayah selatan.

## Agama utama

### Buddha

Agama Buddha di Thailand sebagian besar beraliran Theravada. Sekitar 93.47% dari jumlah penduduk di Thailand adalah penganut agama Buddha dari aliran Theravada, meskipun Buddhisme Thai dipraktikkan bersama dengan kepercayaan tradisional Tai oleh orang Tai, dan kepercayaan tradisional Tionghoa oleh Tionghoa Thai.

Wihara-wihara Buddha di Thailand diciri-cirikan dengan stupa-stupa emas yang tinggi, dan arsitektur Buddha Thailand yang mirip dengan negara-negara Asia Tenggara lainnya, khususnya Kamboja dan Laos, yang berbagi warisan sejarah dengan Kamboja.

## Hasil Sensus

### Gambaran

| Agama | Sensus 2010 | Sensus 2015 | Sensus 2018 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Populasi | % | Populasi | % | Populasi | % |
| Buddha | 61,746,429 | 93.58% | 63,620,298 | 94.50% | 63,299,192 | 93.46% |
| Islam | 3,259,340 | 4.94% |  | 4.29% | 3,639,233 | 5.37% |
| Kristen | 789,376 | 1.20% |  | 1.17% | 767,624 | 1.13% |
| Hindu | 41,808 | 0.06% |  | 0.03% | 12,195 | 0.018% |
| Sikh | 11,124 | 0.02% |  | 0.001% |
| Konghucu | 16,718 | 0.02% | 1,030 | 0.001% | 2,009 | 0.003% |
| Lainnya | 70,742 | 0.11% | 1,583 | 0.002% |
| Tanpa agama | 46,122 | 0.07% | 2,925 | 0.005% | 2,082 | 0.003% |
| Tidak diketahui | 3,820 | 0.005% | - | - | 4,085 | 0.016% |
| Total | 65,981,660 | 100% | 67,228,562 | 100% | 67,726,419 | 100% |

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### Agama menurut wilayah

Berdasarkan data sensus 2015, dari 67.328.562 jiwa penduduk Thailand, mereka memeluk agama yang berbeda-beda. Berikut adalah jumlah penduduk berdasarkan kelompok agama yang dianut menurut wilayah:

| Agama | Bangkok | % | Wilayah Tengah | % | Wilayah Utara | % | Wilayah Timur Laut | % | Wilayah Selatan | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Buddha | 8,197,188 | 93.95% | 18,771,520 | 97.57% | 11,044,018 | 96.23% | 18,698,599 | 99.83% | 6,908,973 | 75.45% |
| Islam | 364,855 | 4.18% | 247,430 | 1.29% | 35,561 | 0.31% | 16,851 | 0.09% | 2,227,613 | 24.33% |
| Kristen | 146,592 | 1.68% | 214,444 | 1.11% | 393,969 | 3.43% | 13,825 | 0.07% | 18,759 | 0.21% |
| Hindu | 16,306 | 0.19% | 5,280 | 0.03% | 207 | 0.002% | 318 | 0.001% | - | - |
| Sikh | - | - | - | - | 378 | 0.003% | - | - | 491 | 0.005% |
| Lainnya | - | - | 294 | 0.00% | 1,808 | 0.16% | - | - | 359 | 0.004% |
| Tidak beragama | 289 | 0.00% | 473 | 0.002% | 1,001 | 0.01% | 436 | 0.002% | 726 | 0.008% |

### Agama menurut provinsi

Berdasarkan data sensus 2010, penduduk Thailand memeluk agama yang berbeda-beda. Berikut adalah jumlah penduduk berdasarkan kelompok agama yang dianut menurut provinsi:

| Religion | Buddha | % | Islam | % | Kristen | % | Hindu | % | Konghucu | % | Sikh | % | Lainnya | % | Tidak beragama | % | Tidak diketahui | % | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Bangkok | 7,686,022 | 92.54% | 382,385 | 4.60% | 157,534 | 1.89% | 22,820 | 0.27% | 6,800 | 0.08% | 7,183 | 0.08% | 24,330 | 0.29% | 17,091 | 0.20% | 1,053 | 0.01% | 8,305,218 |
| Amnat Charoen | 281,675 | 99.28% | 267 | 0.09% | 1,649 | 0.58% | 59 | 0.02% | 13 | 0.01% | 13 | 0.01% | 53 | 0.02% | - | - | - | - | 283,729 |
| Ang Thong | 249,847 | 98.25% | 3,994 | 1.57% | 213 | 0.08% | 172 | 0.07% | 7 | 0.01% | 7 | 0.01% | 42 | 0.01% | 9 | 0.01% | - | - | 254,292 |
| Bueng Kan | 360,468 | 99.37% | 242 | 0.07% | 1,913 | 0.53% | 96 | 0.03% | 21 | 0.01% | 12 | 0.01% | - | - | 3 | 0.01% | - | - | 362,754 |
| Buriram | 1,261,658 | 98.96% | 1,911 | 0.15% | 7,508 | 0.59% | 745 | 0.06% | 278 | 0.02% | 131 | 0.01% | 1,746 | 0.14% | 911 | 0.07% | 25 | 0.01% | 1,274,912 |
| Chachoengsao | 663,790 | 92.76% | 46,041 | 6.43% | 4,457 | 0.62% | 231 | 0.03% | 43 | 0.01% | 55 | 0.01% | 626 | 0.09% | 360 | 0.05% | - | - | 715,603 |
| Chai Nat | 304,407 | 99.61% | 592 | 0.19% | 424 | 0.14% | 35 | 0.01% | 23 | 0.01% | 18 | 0.01% | 47 | 0.02% | 41 | 0.01% | - | - | 305,587 |
| Chaiyaphum | 961,401 | 99.74% | 944 | 0.10% | 1,185 | 0.12% | 227 | 0.02% | 59 | 0.01% | 57 | 0.01% | 9 | 0.01% | 16 | 0.01% | 9 | 0.01% | 963,907 |
| Chanthaburi | 475,653 | 97.95% | 1,937 | 0.40% | 5,922 | 1.22% | 129 | 0.03% | 65 | 0.01% | 40 | 0.01% | 1,016 | 0.21% | 849 | 0.17% | - | - | 485,611 |
| Chiang Mai | 1,592,164 | 91.66% | 6,789 | 0.39% | 133,761 | 7.70% | 790 | 0.05% | 365 | 0.02% | 189 | 0.01% | 546 | 0.03% | 2,420 | 0.14% | 17 | 0.01% | 1,737,041 |
| Chiang Rai | 1,065,169 | 90.81% | 3,167 | 0.27% | 103,450 | 8.82% | 478 | 0.04% | 212 | 0.02% | 52 | 0.01% | 139 | 0.01% | 245 | 0.02% | 15 | 0.01% | 1,172,928 |
| Chonburi | 1,463,280 | 94.08% | 23,269 | 1.50% | 56,878 | 3.66% | 1,155 | 0.07% | 610 | 0.04% | 426 | 0.03% | 6,139 | 0.39% | 3,601 | 0.23% | - | - | 1,555,358 |
| Chumphon | 462,822 | 98.94% | 3,545 | 0.76% | 1,040 | 0.22% | 115 | 0.02% | 88 | 0.02% | 11 | 0.01% | 79 | 0.01% | 101 | 0.02% | - | - | 467,801 |
| Kalasin | 821,714 | 99.66% | 1,058 | 0.13% | 1,348 | 0.16% | 72 | 0.01% | 30 | 0.01% | 33 | 0.01% | 203 | 0.02% | 76 | 0.01% | - | - | 824,534 |
| Kamphaeng Phet | 790,017 | 99.08% | 1,571 | 0.20% | 3,775 | 0.47% | 226 | 0.03% | 124 | 0.01% | 94 | 0.01% | 746 | 0.09% | 838 | 0.11% | - | - | 797,391 |
| Kanchanaburi | 789,692 | 98.52% | 2,849 | 0.35% | 7,833 | 0.97% | 203 | 0.02% | 204 | 0.02% | 20 | 0.01% | 145 | 0.01% | 573 | 0.07% | - | - | 801,519 |
| Khon Kaen | 1,731,964 | 99.43% | 2,593 | 0.15% | 6,251 | 0.36% | 517 | 0.03% | 232 | 0.01% | 370 | 0.02% | 39 | 0.01% | 2 | 0.01% | 2 | 0.01% | 1,741,969 |
| Krabi | 235,594 | 65.04% | 125,476 | 34.64% | 517 | 0.14% | 120 | 0.03% | 59 | 0.01% | 34 | 0.01% | 305 | 0.08% | 93 | 0.02% | 5 | 0.01% | 362,203 |
| Lampang | 729,866 | 98.21% | 1,422 | 0.19% | 10,730 | 1.44% | 68 | 0.01% | 108 | 0.01% | 37 | 0.01% | 665 | 0.08% | 243 | 0.03% | 3 | 0.01% | 743,143 |
| Lamphun | 410,259 | 99.40% | 631 | 0.15% | 1,698 | 0.41% | 30 | 0.01% | 12 | 0.01% | 16 | 0.01% | 96 | 0.02% | - | - | - | - | 412,741 |
| Loei | 543,592 | 99.55% | 544 | 0.10% | 1,778 | 0.33% | - | - | 12 | 0.01% | 17 | 0.01% | 73 | 0.01% | 16 | 0.01% | - | - | 546,031 |
| Lopburi | 765,821 | 99.47% | 1,525 | 0.20% | 1,304 | 0.17% | 141 | 0.02% | 55 | 0.01% | 51 | 0.01% | 294 | 0.04% | 733 | 0.10% | - | - | 769,925 |
| Mae Hong Son |
| Maha Sarakham |
| Mukdahan |
| Nakhon Nayok |
| Nakhon Pathom | 928,954 | 98.42% | 2,162 | 0.23% | 9,803 | 1.04% | 444 | 0.05% | 108 | 0.01% | 38 | 0.01% | 1,574 | 0.17% | 810 | 0.09% | - | - | 943,892 |
| Nakhon Phanom |
| Nakhon Ratchasima |
| Nakhon Sawan |
| Nakhon Si Thammarat | 1,353,244 | 93.30% | 94,914 | 6.54% | 1,323 | 0.09% | 250 | 0.02% | 167 | 0.01% | 29 | 0.01% | 538 | 0.03% | - | - | - | - | 1,450,466 |
| Nan | 444,201 | 98.10% | 329 | 0.07% | 8,071 | 1.78% | 27 | 0.01% | 10 | 0.01% | 19 | 0.01% | 156 | 0.03% | - | - | - | - | 452,814 |
| Narathiwat | 93,968 | 14.02% | 575,585 | 85.90% | 212 | 0.03% | 44 | 0.01% | 161 | 0.02% | 30 | 0.01% | 2 | 0.01% | - | - | - | - | 670,002 |
| Nong Bua Lamphu | 484,770 | 99.75% | 448 | 0.09% | 650 | 0.13% | 57 | 0.01% | 13 | 0.01% | 19 | 0.01% | - | - | 17 | 0.01% | - | - | 485,974 |
| Nong Khai | 817,218 | 99.48% | 575 | 0.07% | 3,416 | 0.42% | 214 | 0.03% | 61 | 0.01% | 32 | 0.01% | - | - | 10 | 0.01% | - | - | 821,526 |
| Nonthaburi | 1,282,703 | 96.14% | 41,816 | 3.13% | 7,760 | 0.59% | 656 | 0.05% | 373 | 0.01% | 89 | 0.01% | 172 | 0.01% | 473 | 0.03% | 40 | 0.01% | 1,334,083 |
| Pathum Thani | 1,271,785 | 95.83% | 35,867 | 2.70% | 9,807 | 0.74% | 1,367 | 0.10% | 706 | 0.05% | 99 | 0.01% | 6,592 | 0.50% | 845 | 0.06% | 78 | 0.01% | 1,327,147 |
| Pattani | 94,507 | 15.52% | 513,841 | 84.37% | 221 | 0.04% | 77 | 0.01% | 58 | 0.01% | 49 | 0.01% | 237 | 0.39% | 23 | 0.01% | 3 | 0.01% | 609,015 |
| Phang Nga | 200,324 | 77.48% | 57,081 | 22.08% | 786 | 0.30% | 98 | 0.04% | 23 | 0.01% | 46 | 0.01% | 2 | 0.01% | 174 | 0.07% | - | - | 258,534 |
| Phatthalung | 423,199 | 87.99% | 56,282 | 11.70% | 973 | 0.20% | 79 | 0.02% | 109 | 0.02% | 24 | 0.01% | 248 | 0.05% | 58 | 0.01% | 3 | 0.01% | 480,976 |
| Phayao | 412,121 | 98.74% | 487 | 0.12% | 4,275 | 1.02% | 35 | 0.01% | 19 | 0.01% | 14 | 0.01% | 103 | 0.02% | 321 | 0.07% | 4 | 0.01% | 417,380 |
| Phetchabun | 929,722 | 98.90% | 2,774 | 0.30% | 5,818 | 0.62% | 392 | 0.04% | 499 | 0.05% | 57 | 0.01% | 407 | 0.04% | 400 | 0.04% | 7 | 0.01% | 940,076 |
| Phetchaburi | 460,327 | 97.41% | 10,398 | 2.20% | 1,411 | 0.30% | 61 | 0.01% | 52 | 0.01% | 5 | 0.01% | 128 | 0.03% | 206 | 0.04% | - | - | 472,589 |
| Phichit |
| Phitsanulok |
| Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya | 827,251 | 95.01% | 37,056 | 4.26% | 3,024 | 0.35% | 330 | 0.04% | 78 | 0.01% | 44 | 0.01% | 458 | 0.05% | 57 | 0.01% | 2,373 | 0.27% | 870,671 |
| Phrae | 423,310 | 99.04% | 551 | 0.13% | 3,118 | 0.73% | 45 | 0.01% | 52 | 0.01% | 35 | 0.01% | 184 | 0.04% | 101 | 0.02% | 2 | 0.01% | 427,398 |
| Phuket | 418,025 | 79.52% | 83,969 | 15.97% | 19,058 | 3.63% | 1,011 | 0.19% | 67 | 0.01% | 104 | 0.02% | 930 | 0.18% | 2,453 | 0.47% | 91 | 0.02% | 525,709 |
| Prachinburi |
| Prachuap Khiri Khan |
| Ranong |
| Ratchaburi | 781,901 | 98.14% | 2,802 | 0.35% | 10,108 | 1.27% | 411 | 0.05% | 205 | 0.03% | 90 | 0.01% | 474 | 0.06% | 757 | 0.10% | - | - | 796,748 |
| Rayong |
| Roi Et |
| Sa Kaeo | 553,526 | 99.56% | 721 | 0.13% | 1,393 | 0.25% | 90 | 0.01% | 31 | 0.01% | 14 | 0.01% | 54 | 0.01% | 132 | 0.02% | - | - | 555,961 |
| Sakon Nakhon |
| Samut Prakan |
| Samut Prakan |
| Samut Songkhram |
| Saraburi |
| Satun | 89,715 | 32.64% | 184,552 | 67.14% | 403 | 0.15% | 17 | 0.01% | 152 | 0.06% | 16 | 0.01% | - | - | 8 | 0.01% | - | - | 274,863 |
| Sing Buri | 197,857 | 98.94% | 891 | 0.45% | 1,149 | 0.57% | 50 | 0.03% | 3 | 0.01% | 7 | 0.01% | - | - | 23 | 0.01% | 2 | 0.01% | 199,982 |
| Sisaket | 1,047,650 | 99.21% | 1,677 | 0.16% | 5,818 | 0.55% | 196 | 0.02% | 30 | 0.01% | 41 | 0.01% | 312 | 0.03% | 255 | 0.02% | - | - | 1,055,979 |
| Songkhla | 1,102,830 | 74.46% | 374,728 | 25.30% | 2,635 | 0.18% | 218 | 0.01% | 214 | 0.01% | 37 | 0.01% | 271 | 0.01% | 88 | 0.01% | - | - | 1,481,021 |
| Sukhothai |
| Suphan Buri |
| Surat Thani | 978,368 | 96.93% | 22,521 | 2.23% | 2,313 | 0.23% | 460 | 0.05% | 238 | 0.02% | 42 | 0.01% | 2,469 | 0.24% | 2,940 | 0.29% | - | - | 1,009,351 |
| Surin |
| Tak |
| Trang | 511,698 | 85.44% | 85,609 | 14.29% | 1,216 | 0.20% | 74 | 0.01% | 13 | 0.01% | 26 | 0.01% | 200 | 0.03% | 40 | 0.01% | - | - | 598,877 |
| Trat |
| Ubon Ratchathani |
| Udon Thani |
| Uthai Thani |
| Uttaradit |
| Yala | 100,778 | 23.27% | 331,747 | 76.59% | 453 | 0.10% | 69 | 0.02% | 61 | 0.01% | 40 | 0.01% | - | - | 16 | 0.01% | 3 | 0.01% | 433,167 |
| Yasothon | 482,651 | 98.91% | 453 | 0.09% | 4,689 | 0.96% | 140 | 0.03% | 28 | 0.01% | 15 | 0.01% | - | - | - | - | - | - | 487,976 |
| Total | 61,746,429 | 100% | 3,259,340 | 100% | 789,376 | 100% | 41,808 | 100% | 16,718 | 100% | 11,124 | 100% | 66,922 | 100% | 46,122 | 100% | 3,820 | 100% | 65,981,660 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

## Sumber

* Tatsuki Kataoka. *Religion as Non-religion: The Place of Chinese Temples in Phuket, Southern Thailand*. In *Southeast Asian Studies*, Vol. 1, No. 3, December 2012, pp. 461–485. Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University.

## Referensi