# Suku Tujia

Tujia
土家族| Jumlah populasi |
| --- |
| sekitar 8 juta |
| Daerah dengan populasi signifikan |
|   Tiongkok (Hunan ·  Hubei · Guizhou ·  Chongqing) |
| Bahasa |
| Tionghoa Mandarin bahasa Tujia (tradisional) |
| Agama |
| Umumnya Nuoisme |

**Tujia** (Tujia: *Bizika*; Tionghoa: 土家族; pinyin: *Tǔjiāzú*), dengana total populasi lebih dari 8 juta, adalah etnis minoritas terbesar ke-8 di Republik Rakyat Tiongkok. Mereka tinggal di Pegunungan Wuling, yang berdiri di perbatasan Provinsi Hunan, Hubei dan Guizhou, dan Munisipalitas Chongqing.

## Tokoh-tokoh terkenal

* He Long, Marsekal Besar Tentara Pembebasan Rakyat
* Dai Bingguo
* Lan Xiya
* Ren Zhenhe
* Zhang Ju, musisi
* Qin Haiyang
* Qin Liangyu

## Pranala luar

* Pengenalan Tujia di People's Daily
* Artikel China Daily yang menyebutkan kebiasaan pernikahan Tujia

## Daftar pustaka

* Brown, M.J. (2001). "Ethnic Classification and Culture: The Case of the Tujia in Hubei, China," *Asian Ethnicity* 2(1): 55-72.
* Brown, M.J. (2004). "They Came with Their Hands Tied behind Their Backs" - Forced Migrations, Identity Changes, and State Classification in Hubei. *Is Taiwan Chinese?* (pp. 166–210). Berkeley: University of California Press.
* Brown, M.J. (2007). "Ethnic Identity, Cultural Variation, and Processes of Change - Rethinking the Insights of Standardization and Orthopraxy". *Modern China.* 33(1): 91-124. Sage Publications.
* ---- 2002. "Local Government Agency: Manipulating Tujia Identity," *Modern China.*
* Ch'en, J. (1992). *The Highlanders of Central China: A History 1895-1937*. New York: M.E. Sharpe.
* Dong, L. (1999). *Ba feng Tu yun—Tujia wenhua yuanliu jiexi (Ba Manners, Tu Charm—An Analysis of the Origins of Tujia Culture).* Wuhan: Wuhan Daxue Chubanshe.
* Dong, L., Brown, M.J., Wu, X. (2002). Tujia. *Encyclopedia of World Cultures - Supplement*. C. Ember, M. Ember & I. Skoggard (eds.), NY: Macmillan Reference USA, pp. 351–354.
* Huang B. (1999). "Tujiazu Zuyuan Yanjiu Zonglun" ("A Review of Research on Tujia Ancestral Origins"). In *Tujia zu lizhi wenhua lunji* (A Colloquium on Tujia History and Culture), edited by Huang Baiquan and Tian Wanzheng. 25-42. Enshi, Hubei: Hubei Minzu Xueyuan.
* Li, S. (1993). *Chuandong Youshui Tujia* (Tujia of the Youshui River in East Sichuan). Chengdu: Chengdu Chubanshe.
* Peng, B., Peng, X. et al. (1981). Jishou University Journal, Humanities Edition #2: Special Issue on Tujia Ethnography [in Chinese]. Jishou: Jishou University.
* Shih C. (2001). "Ethnicity as Policy Expedience: Clan Confucianism in Ethnic Tujia-Miao Yongshun," *Asian Ethnicity* 2(1): 73-88.
* Sutton, D. (2000). "Myth Making on an Ethnic Frontier: The Cult of the Heavenly Kings of West Hunan, 1715-1996," *Modern China* 26(4): 448-500.
* Sutton, D. (2003). "Violence and Ethnicity on a Qing Colonial Frontier: Customary and Statutory Law in the Eighteenth-Century Miao Pale". In: *Modern Asian Studies* 37(1): 41–80. Cambridge University Press.
* Sutton, D. (2007). "Ritual, Cultural Standardization, and Orthopraxy in China: Reconsidering James L. Watson’s Ideas". In: *Modern China* 33(1): 3-21. Sage Publications.
* Tien, D., He, T., Chen, K., Li, J., Xie, Z., Peng, X. (1986). *Tujiayu Jianzhi* (A Brief Chronicle of the Tujia Language). Beijing: Minzu Chubanshe.
* Wu, X. (1996). "Changes of chieftains' external policy in the Three Gorges Area in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties [1630s-1660s]". In: *Ethnic Forum*, (3): 88-92. (Hunan, China)
* Wu, X. (1997). "Tujia's food-getting pattern in west Hubei in the Qing Dynasty". In: *Journal of Hubei Institute for Nationalities*, (2): 33-35. (Hubei, China)
* Wu, X. (1997). "On the Tage Dance". In: *Journal of Chinese Classics and Culture*, (2): 22-29. (Beijing, China)
* Wu, X. (2003). "Food, Ethnoecology and Identity in Enshi Prefecture, Hubei, China". (Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta, 388 pages).
* Wu, X. (2003). "Turning Waste into Things of Value": Marketing Fern, Kudzu and Osmunda in Enshi Prefecture, China. In: *Journal of Developing Societies*, 19(4): 433-457.
* Wu, X. (2004). "Ethnic Foods" and Regional Identity: the Hezha Restaurants in Enshi. In: *Food and Foodways*, 12(4): 225-246.
* Wu, X. (2005). "The New Year's Eve Dinner and Wormwood Meal: Festival Foodways as Ethnic Markers in Enshi". In: *Modern China*, 31(3): 353-380.
* Wu, X. (2006). "Maize, Ecosystem Transition and Ethnicity in Enshi Prefecture, China". In: *East Asian History*, 31(1): 1-22.
* Wu, X. (2010). "Tujia National Minority". *Berg Encyclopedia of World Dress and Fashion*.
* Ye, D. (1995). *Tujiayu yanjiu* (Studies of the Tujia Language). Jishou, Hunan: Hunan Chu Wenhua Zhongxin, Jishou Daxue.

## Referensi

* 土家族文化网 Diarsipkan 2022-05-16 di Wayback Machine.