# Braille bahasa Urdu

| Braille bahasa Urdu Pakistan Braille Urdu Pakistan |
| --- |
| Jenis aksara |  abjad
 |
| Bahasa | bahasa Urdu (di Pakistan) |
| Dasar cetak | abjad Urdu |
| Basis cetak | abjad Urdu |
| Aksara terkait |
| Silsilah | Braille* Braille bahasa Inggris
	+ Braille bahasa Persia
		- Braille bahasa Urdu Pakistan
 |

| Braille bahasa Urdu India Braille Urdu India |
| --- |
| Jenis aksara |  alfabet (?)
  |
| Bahasa | bahasa Urdu (di India) |
| Dasar cetak | aksara Dewanagari |
| Basis cetak | aksara Dewanagari |
| Aksara terkait |
| Silsilah | Braille* Braille bahasa Inggris
	+ Braille Bharati
		- Braille bahasa Urdu India
 |

**Braille bahasa Urdu** adalah abjad braille untuk bahasa Urdu. Menurut UNESCO (2013), terdapat perbedaan abjad braille untuk bahasa Urdu di India dan di Pakistan. Abjad India didasarkan pada braille Bharati nasional, sedangkan abjad Pakistan didasarkan pada braille bahasa Persia.

## Perbedaan dari braille bahasa Persia dan Bharati

Selain penambahan konsonan khusus Urdu yang serupa dengan huruf tambahan dalam abjad Urdu cetakan dibandingkan dengan abjad Persia, Braille Urdu Pakistan berbeda dari braille bahasa Persia dalam hal transkripsi huruf cetakan ژcode: ur is deprecated  *ž*, yang ditulis sebagai dwihuruf dalam braille bahasa Urdu bukannya braille bahasa Persia ⠬, yang digunakan untuk ڈcode: ur is deprecated  *ḍ* dalam Urdu.

Braille Urdu India berbeda dari abjad braille Bharati yang lain karena mempunyai beberapa huruf yang dipinjam dari Persia, seperti ⠟ untuk قcode: ur is deprecated  *q* (Bharati *kṣ*), ⠱ untuk حcode: ur is deprecated  *ḥ* (Bharati *jñ*), dan ⠷ untuk عcode: ur is deprecated  *‘* (Bharati *ḻ*). Huruf lain seperti itu, ⠭ untuk خcode: ur is deprecated  *x*, digunakan bersama dengan braille Gurmukhi ਖ਼ *x* tetapi tanpa abjad Bharati yang lain, dalam hal ⠭ adalah vokal *o*.

## Abjad

*Catatan: Tidak jelas apakah ini dari kanan ke kiri atau kiri ke kanan. Arah beberapa dwihuruf mungkin membingungkan.*

| Cetakan |  | Pakistan | India |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| اcode: ur is deprecated  | – |  | (?) |
| آcode: ur is deprecated  | ā |  |
| بcode: ur is deprecated  | b |  |
| بھcode: ur is deprecated  | bh |  |  |
| پcode: ur is deprecated  | p |  |
| پھcode: ur is deprecated  | ph |  |
| تcode: ur is deprecated  | t |  |
| تھcode: ur is deprecated  | th |  |  |
| ٹcode: ur is deprecated  | ṭ |  |  |
| ٹھcode: ur is deprecated  | ṭh |  |  |
| ثcode: ur is deprecated  | ṯ /s/ |  |  |
| جcode: ur is deprecated  | j |  |
| جھcode: ur is deprecated  | jh |  |
| چcode: ur is deprecated  | c |  |
| چھcode: ur is deprecated  | ch |  |
| حcode: ur is deprecated  | ḥ |  |
| خcode: ur is deprecated  | x |  |
| دcode: ur is deprecated  | d |  |
| دھcode: ur is deprecated  | dh |  |  |
| ڈcode: ur is deprecated  | ḍ |  |  |
| ڈھcode: ur is deprecated  | ḍh |  |  |
| ذcode: ur is deprecated  | ḏ /z/ |  |  |
| رcode: ur is deprecated  | r |  |
| ڑcode: ur is deprecated  | ṛ |  |
| ڑھcode: ur is deprecated  | ṛh |  |  |
| زcode: ur is deprecated  | z |  |
| ژcode: ur is deprecated  | ž |  |  |
| سcode: ur is deprecated  | s |  |
| شcode: ur is deprecated  | š |  |
| صcode: ur is deprecated  | ṡ /s/ |  |
| ضcode: ur is deprecated  | ḋ /z/ |  |  |
| طcode: ur is deprecated  | ṫ /t/ |  |  |
| ظcode: ur is deprecated  | ż /z/ |  |  |
| عcode: ur is deprecated  | ‘ |  |
| غcode: ur is deprecated  | ğ |  |  |
| فcode: ur is deprecated  | f |  |
| قcode: ur is deprecated  | q |  |
| کcode: ur is deprecated  | k |  |
| کھcode: ur is deprecated  | kh |  |  |
| گcode: ur is deprecated  | g |  |
| گھcode: ur is deprecated  | gh |  |  |
| لcode: ur is deprecated  | l |  |
| مcode: ur is deprecated  | m |  |
| نcode: ur is deprecated  | n |  |
| ںcode: ur is deprecated  | (sengau) |  |
| وcode: ur is deprecated  | v/w |  | v  ū  ō  au  |
| هcode: ur is deprecated  | h |  |
| ءcode: ur is deprecated  | ’ |  | (?) |
| یcode: ur is deprecated  | y |  | y  ī  |
| ےcode: ur is deprecated  | ē |  | ē  ai  |
| َ◌code: ur is deprecated  | a |  | (?) |
| ِ◌code: ur is deprecated  | i |  | (sama?) |
| ُ◌code: ur is deprecated  | u |  | (sama?) |
| ّ◌code: ur is deprecated  | (dbl) |  | (?) |

Tidak jelas apakah vokal dalam braille Urdu India mengikuti pengucapan dan padanan braille Dewanagari, atau ortografi cetakan.

## Pemendekan

Braille Urdu Pakistan mempunyai beberapa pemendekan di luar konsonan embus:

كوcode: ur is deprecated  ⠻, ساcode: ur is deprecated  ⠑, ناcode: ur is deprecated  ⠔, و ن گcode: ur is deprecated  ⠶, ناcode: ur is deprecated  ⠢, نےcode: ur is deprecated  ⠼, ياcode: ur is deprecated  ⠽, لاcode: ur is deprecated  ⠧, بےcode: ur is deprecated  ⠤, اءcode: ur is deprecated  ⠈.
## Tanda baca

Tanda baca dasar di Pakistan sama seperti India. Lihat Braille Bharati#Tanda baca.

## Lihat juga

* Braille bahasa Hindi
* Braille bahasa Punjab

## Rujukan

Templat:Topik Urdu