# Victor Hugo

| Victor Hugo |
| --- |
|  Victor Hugo ke chapa, 1883 |
| Janam | 26 February 1802 Besançon, France |
| Maut | 22 May 1885 Paris, France |
| Kaam | poet, playwright, novelist, essayist, visual artist, statesman, human rights campaigner |
| Literary movement | Romanticism |
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Influences

Francois-Rene de Chateaubriand, Walter Scott, Voltaire |
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Influenced

Louis-Honoré Fréchette, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Irvine Welsh, Albert Camus, Gérard de Nerval, Paul Verlaine, Oscar Wilde, Jean Cocteau, Gustave Flaubert, Ayn Rand |
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| Signature |  |

**Victor-Marie Hugo** (26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885) ek French ke poet, playwright, novelist, essayist, visual artist, statesman aur human rights activist rahaa.

### Online texts

* Works by Victor Hugo at Internet Archive
* Works by Victor Hugo at The Online Books Page
* Political speeches by Victor Hugo: Victor Hugo, My Revenge is Fraternity!
* Biography and speech from 1851
* Obituary in *The Times*

### Online references

* Afran, Charles (1997). “Victor Hugo: French Dramatist” Archived 2017-03-29 at the Wayback Machine. Website: Discover France. (Originally published in *Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia*, 1997, v.9.0.1.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Bates, Alfred (1906). “Victor Hugo”. Website: Theatre History. (Originally published in *The Drama: Its History, Literature and Influence on Civilization*, vol. 9. ed. Alfred Bates. London: Historical Publishing Company, 1906. pp. 11–13.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Bates, Alfred (1906). “Hernani”. Website: Theatre History. (Originally published in *The Drama: Its History, Literature and Influence on Civilization*, vol. 9. ed. Alfred Bates. London: Historical Publishing Company, 1906. pp. 20–23.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Bates, Alfred (1906). “Hugo’s Cromwell”. Website: Theatre History. (Originally published in *The Drama: Its History, Literature and Influence on Civilization*, vol. 9. ed. Alfred Bates. London: Historical Publishing Company, 1906. pp. 18–19.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Bittleston, Misha (uncited date). "Drawings of Victor Hugo" Archived 2011-06-15 at the Wayback Machine. Website: Misha Bittleston. Retrieved November 2005.
* Burnham, I.G. (1896). “Amy Robsart”. Website: Theatre History. (Originally published in *Victor Hugo: Dramas*. Philadelphia: The Rittenhouse Press, 1896. pp. 203–6, 401-2.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Edition (2001-05). “Hugo, Victor Marie, Vicomte”. Website: Bartleby, Great Books Online. Retrieved November 2005. Retrieved November 2005.
* Haine, W. Scott (1997). “Victor Hugo” Archived 2008-04-11 at the Wayback Machine. Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions. Website: Ohio University. Retrieved November 2005.
* Illi, Peter (2001-2004). “Victor Hugo: Plays” Archived 2009-04-15 at the Wayback Machine. Website: The Victor Hugo Website. Retrieved November 2005.
* Karlins, N.F. (1998). "Octopus With the Initials V.H." Website: ArtNet. Retrieved November 2005.
* Liukkonen, Petri (2000). “Victor Hugo (1802-1885)”. Books and Writers. Website: Pegasos: A Literature Related Resource Site. Retrieved November 2005.
* Meyer, Ronald Bruce (2004). “Victor Hugo”. Website: Ronald Bruce Meyer. Retrieved November 2005.
* Robb, Graham (1997). “A Sabre in the Night”. Website: New York Times (Books). (Excerpt from Graham, Robb (1997). *Victor Hugo: A Biography*. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Roche, Isabel (2005). “Victor Hugo: Biography”. Meet the Writers. Website: Barnes & Noble. (From the Barnes & Noble Classics edition of *The Hunchback of Notre Dame*, 2005.) Retrieved November 2005.
* Uncited Author. “Victor Hugo”. Website: Spartacus Educational. Retrieved November 2005.
* Uncited Author. “Timeline of Victor Hugo”. Website: BBC. Retrieved November 2005.
* Uncited Author. (2000-2005). “Victor Hugo”. Website: The Literature Network. Retrieved November 2005.
* Uncited Author. "Hugo Caricature" Archived 2002-01-28 at the Wayback Machine. Website: Présence de la Littérature a l’école. Retrieved November 2005.

* Barbou, Alfred (1882). *Victor Hugo and His Times*. University Press of the Pacific: 2001 paper back edition.
* Brombert, Victor H. (1984). *Victor Hugo and the Visionary Novel*. Boston: Harvard University Press.
* Davidson, A.F. (1912). *Victor Hugo: His Life and Work*. University Press of the Pacific: 2003 paperback edition.
* Dow, Leslie Smith (1993). *Adele Hugo: La Miserable*. Fredericton: Goose Lane Editions.
* Falkayn, David (2001). *Guide to the Life, Times, and Works of Victor Hugo*. University Press of the Pacific.
* Feller, Martin, *Der Dichter in der Politik. Victor Hugo und der deutsch-französische Krieg von 1870/71. Untersuchungen zum französischen Deutschlandbild und zu Hugos Rezeption in Deutschland.* Doctoral Dissertation, Marburg 1988.
* Frey, John Andrew (1999). *A Victor Hugo Encyclopedia*. Greenwood Press.
* Grant, Elliot (1946). *The Career of Victor Hugo*. Harvard University Press. Out of print.
* Halsall, A.W. et al. (1998). *Victor Hugo and the Romantic Drama*. University of Toronto Press.
* Hart, Simon Allen (2004). *Lady in the Shadows : The Life and Times of Julie Drouet, Mistress, Companion and Muse to Victor Hugo.* Publish American.
* Houston, John Porter (1975). *Victor Hugo*. New York: Twayne Publishers.
* Hovasse, Jean-Marc (2001 and 2008), *Victor Hugo*. Paris: Fayard
* Ireson, J.C. (1997). *Victor Hugo: A Companion to His Poetry*. Clarendon Press.
* Later, Arnaud (2002). *Hugo à l'Opéra*. Paris: L'Avant-Scène Opéra, no. 208.
* Maurois, Andre (1956). *Olympio: The Life of Victor Hugo*. New York: Harper & Brothers.
* Maurois, Andre (1966). *Victor Hugo and His World*. London: Thames and Hudson. Out of print.
* Robb, Graham (1997). *Victor Hugo: A Biography*. W.W. Norton & Company: 1999 paperback edition. (description/reviews)
* Tonazzi, Pascal (2007) *Florilège de Notre-Dame de Paris (anthologie)* Paris, Editions Arléa ISBN 2-86959-795-9

Template:Wikisource author

* France of Victor Hugo Archived 2017-03-29 at the Wayback Machine
* Poesies.net: Victor Hugo, Complete Poetry In French (Texts) Archived 2009-08-15 at the Wayback Machine
* French Some Victor Hugo's quotes Archived 2008-04-23 at the Wayback Machine
* Guernsey’s Official Victor Hugo Website Archived 2008-04-08 at the Wayback Machine
* Guernsey’s Victor Hugo International Music Festival Archived 2016-06-13 at the Wayback Machine
* Victor Hugo Central
* Victor Hugo's works: text, concordances and frequency lists
* 1867 Caricature of Victor Hugo by André Gill
* Victor Hugo le dessinateur Archived 2013-07-10 at the Wayback Machine
* Translation of Victor Hugo note found in "Hunchback of Notre Dame," french edition Archived 2017-03-28 at the Wayback Machine
* Official site of the Société des Amis de Victor Hugo Archived 2008-04-11 at the Wayback Machine
* Official site of the Festival international Victor Hugo et Égaux Archived 2017-03-29 at the Wayback Machine
* Template:IBList
* / Victor Hugo, his work in audio version Archived 2019-07-29 at the Wayback Machine