# European Union

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| European Union

| *(duusra official bhasa me)* |
| --- |
| Bulgarian | Европейски съюз |
| Czech | Evropská unie |
| Danish | Den Europæiske Union |
| German | Europäische Union |
| Greek | Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση |
| Spanish | Unión Europea |
| Estonian | Euroopa Liit |
| Finnish | Euroopan unioni |
| French | Union européenne |
| Irish | An tAontas Eorpach |
| Croatian | Europska unija |
| Hungarian | Európai Unió |
| Italian | Unione europea |
| Lithuanian | Europos Sąjunga |
| Latvian | Eiropas Savienība |
| Maltese | Unjoni Ewropea |
| Dutch | Europese Unie |
| Polish | Unia Europejska |
| Portuguese | União Europeia |
| Romanian | Uniunea Europeană |
| Slovak | Európska únia |
| Slovene | Evropska unija |
| Swedish | Europeiska unionen |

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|

Flag |
| **Motto:**"In Varietate Concordia" (Latin)"United in Diversity" |
| **Anthem:** "Anthem of Europe"Duration: 1 minute and 1 second.1:01 |
|
Show globe
Show special territoriesLocation of the European Union (dark green)in Europe (dark grey) |
| Institutional seats | Brussels[Dekho]
Commission European Council Council of the EU Parliament (secondary)

Frankfurt[Dekho]
Central Bank

Luxembourg[Dekho]
Court of Auditors Court of Justice Council of the EU (April, June and October sessions) Secretariat of the Parliament Commission (various departments and services)

Strasbourg[Dekho]
Parliament
 |
| Largest metropolis | Paris |
| Official languages | 24 languages |
| Official scripts | * Latin
* Greek
* Cyrillic
 |
| Religion (2015) | * 71.6% Christianity
	+ 45.3% Catholic
	+ 11.1% Protestant
	+ 9.6% Eastern Orthodox
	+ 5.6% other Christian
* 24.0% no religion
* 1.8% Islam
* 2.6% other
 |
| Demonym(s) | European |
| Type | Continental union *Sui generis* supranational organization |
| Membership |
27 members[Dekho]
 Austria  Belgium  Bulgaria  Croatia  Cyprus  Czech Republic  Denmark  Estonia  Finland  France  Germany  Greece  Hungary Template:Country data Republic of Ireland  Italy  Latvia  Lithuania  Luxembourg  Malta  Netherlands  Poland  Portugal  Romania  Slovakia  Slovenia  Spain  Sweden
 |
| Government | Mixed supranational and intergovernmental directorial parliamentary confederation |
|  |
| • President of the European Council  | António Costa |
| • President of the European Commission  | Ursula von der Leyen |
| • Presidency of the Council of the European Union  | Denmark |
| • President of the European Parliament  | Roberta Metsola |
|  |
| Legislature | The European Parliament and the Council |
| • Upper house | Council of the European Union |
| • Lower house | European Parliament |
| Formation |
|  |
| • Treaty of Paris  | 23 July 1952 |
| • **Treaty of Rome** | 1 January 1958 |
| • Single European Act  | 1 July 1987 |
| • **Treaty of Maastricht** | 1 November 1993 |
| • Treaty of Lisbon  | 1 December 2009 |
|  |
| Area |
| • Total | 4,225,104 km2 (1,600,000 sq mi) (incl. outermost regions) |
| • Water (%) | 2.93 |
| Population |
| • 2025 estimate | 450,380,320 |
| • Density | 106.6 /km2 (276.1 /sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2025 estimate |
| • Total | ▲ $29.177 trillion |
| • Per capita | ▲ $64,545 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2025 estimate |
| • Total | ▲ $19.991 trillion |
| • Per capita | ▲ $44,387 |
| Gini (2024) | Template:DecreasePositive 29.3 low inequality |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) Template:Break
Others[Dekho]
Bulgarian lev (BGN) Czech koruna (CZK) Danish krone (DKK) Hungarian forint (HUF) Polish złoty (PLN) Romanian leu (RON) Swedish krona (SEK) |
| Time zone | UTC to UTC+2 (WET, CET, EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+1 to UTC+3 (WEST, CEST, EEST) |
| Internet TLD | .eu, .ευ, .ею |
| **Website** european-union.europa.eu |

**European Union** (**EU**), Europe ke ek economic aur political union hae 27 des hae. Iske 1957 me **European Economic Community** (EEC) ke naam se suruukaraa gais rahaa. Ii union Europe bhar me khule se business kare mauka de hae aur huan ke log ke ek duusre ke des jaae pe koi rok nai hae. Solah des ek paisa (euro) ke kaam me laawe hae.

## Itihaas

19th century se pahile log "European unity" ke baare me sochat rahin aur World War I ke baat ii aur jor pakrris. 1920 me John Maynard Keyness ek European customs union ke sujhao rakkhis jisse ke larrai ke baad ke Europe ke economy recover kare sake. 1923 me European integration ke sab se puraana sanstha, Paneuropean Union ke suruu karaa gais jisme Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi rahaa. 5 September 1929 me Aristide Briand, jo France ke Prime Minister rahaa, Paneuropean Union ke follower rahaa aur Nobel Peace Prize ke jiite rahaa, League of Nations me ek bhaasan diis jisme uu ek "federal Europe" ke maang karis jisse France aur Germany ke biich ke batbhed ke khalaas karaa jaae sake.

Jab Europe me fir se larrai suruu bhais tab kon chij khaatir larra jaae hae ke uppar pe pahile agree hoe ke parraa. 1941 me, sab se pahila agreement rahaa Declaration of St James's Palace jab Europe ke resistance ke log ek saathe baithe rahin. Baad me 1941 ke Atlantic Charter ke niche Allies banaa aur uulog common goals ke baare me agree bhae rahin. Uske niche 1944 me Bretton Woods System aur 1945 me United Nations banaa.

World War II ke baad, European integration ke kaam me laae ke extreme nationalism ke roke ke idea banaa. 19 September 1946 me Winston Churchill, University of Zurich me fir se "European Union" aur "Council of Europe" ke maang karis. Ek mahina baad France me [decolonisation]] ke maang karaa gais, jisse France fir se European community ke hissa bane sake.

1952 me coal aur steel ke trade khatir, Germany, France, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, aur Luxembourg European Coal and Steel Community banais rahaa.

1957 me Rome me iske badal ke **European Economic Community** banain.

1992 ke *Treaty of Maastricht* European Union ke badal ke money, justice, and foreign affairs ke bhi ek karis. Schengen Agreement se EU ke 22 member des aapan border ek duusre se khol diin jisske log ek duusre ke des bina passport nai to identity card dekhawe ek duusre ke des jaawe sake. 10 nawaa des 2004 me aur dui aur 2007 me EU join karin aur ek aur 2013 me. 2016 me United Kingdom EU se nikle ke vote karis. 2024 me, EU me 27 member des hae.

## Free movement

European Union ke 27 member des ke loi jan koi bhi 27 des me, bina work permit aur visa, rahe aur kaam kare sake hae. Iske matlab hae ki France ke ek jan Greece me jaae ke rahe aur kaam kare sake hae, aur iske khaatir uske Greece ke sarkar se koi ijaajat ke jaruri nai hae.

Ek member des me banaa chij ke duusra member ke des me bina koi ijaajat aur jaada tax ke aur koi des me bejaa jaae sake hae. Iske kaaran EU ke members EU me banaa chij ke safety rules se agree kare hae. Ii kaaran se ek des me banaa chij, duusra des me bhi kaam me laae pe safe rahe hae.

## Member countries

Republic of Macedonia aur Turkey "candidate des hae", ii sab ke join kare ke baare me abhi salah hoe hae. Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro aur Serbia bhi kuch din me join kare mangi.

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Suruu kare waala des* Belgium
* France
* Germany
* Italy
* Luxembourg
* Netherlands

1973 me join karin* Denmark
* Ireland
* United Kingdom

1981 me join karis* Greece

1985 me karis* Greenland

1986 me join karis* Portugal
* Spain

1995 me join karin* Austria
* Finland
* Sweden
 | 2004 me join karin* Cyprus
* Czechia
* Estonia
* Hungary
* Latvia
* Lithuania
* Malta
* Poland
* Slovakia
* Slovenia

2007 me join karin* Bulgaria
* Romania

2013 me join karin* Croatia
 |

European Commission
## Geography

Europe (EU highlighted) ke topographic chhaapa
European Union ke member states ke area 4,233,262 square kilometres hae. EU ke sab se uunchaa pahaarr Mont Blanc hae, jon Graian Alps pe hae, jon sea level se 4,810 metre uppar hae. EU ke sab se niche waala jagha Denmark me Lammefjorden aur Netherlands me Zuidplaspolder hae jon 7 metres samundar ke level se niche hae. EU ke coastline 65,993 kilometre lambaa hae.

Europe ke des ke territory Europe se bahaar bhi hae. Isme me se sab se barraa, Greenland hae, jon Denmark ke niche hae. Canary Island jon Africa se kuchh duur hae sab se jaada population waala jagha hae jon ki EU me hae aur Europe se bahaar hae. AUr jagha hae French Guinea jon South America me hae aur Mayotte jon Madagascar ke north me hae.

## Mausam

A Köppen-Geiger climate classification map of Europe (including non-EU member states)
European Union ke climate jaada kar ke temperate hae, lekin west coast me maritime climate hae aur south me mediterranean climate hae. Hian ke maun pe Gilf Stram ke khaas asar rahe hae aur Europe ke western hissa dunia ke yahii latitude ke duusra jagha se garam hae.

## Economy

2022 me EU member states ke GDP US$16.64 trillion rahaa, jon dunia ke 16.6% hae. EU ke member des me GDP me dher antar hae ke member des me GDP me dher antar hae. Jab ki Bulgaria ke per capita GDP khaali 4,600 Euro hae, tab Luvembourg ke per capita GDP 92.600 Euros hae.

## Dusra websites

* European Union online portal
* Germany's EU Council Presidency
* 'Your Europe' information website
* Europe of cultures 50 years of artistic creation and cultural life from the 27 countries of the European Union