# Arungrah

Arungrah| Uranus, sachchaa rang me, jiske *Voyager 2* utaaris rahaa. Iske pale, muted appearance ke kaaran hae iske baadal ke uppar ke haze. |
| Discovery |
| Discovered by | William Herschel |
| Designations |
| Named after | the Latin form *Ūranus* of the Greek god Οὐρανός *Ouranos* |
| Symbol | ,  |
| Orbital characteristics |
| Epoch J2000 |
| Aphelion | 20.0965 AU (3.00639 billion km) |
| Perihelion | 18.2861 AU (2.73556 billion km) |
| Semi-major axis | 19.19126 AU (2.870972 billion km) |
| Eccentricity | 0.04717 |
| Orbital period (sidereal) | * 84.0205 yr
* 30,688.5 d
* 42,718 Uranian solar days
 |
| Orbital period (synodic) | 369.66 days |
| Average orbital speed | 6.80 km/s |
| Mean anomaly | 142.238600° |
| Inclination | * 0.773° to ecliptic
* 6.48° to Sun's equator
* 0.99° to invariable plane
 |
| Longitude of ascending node | 74.006° |
| Time of perihelion | 17–19 August 2050 |
| Argument of perihelion | 96.998857° |
| Known satellites | 28 |
| Physical characteristics |
| Mean radius | 25,362±7 km |
| Equatorial radius | 25,559±4 km 4.007 Earths |
| Polar radius | 24,973±20 km 3.929 Earths |
| Flattening | 0.0229±0.0008 |
| Circumference | 159,354.1 km |
| Surface area | 8.1156×109 km2 15.91 Earths |
| Volume | 6.833×1013 km3 63.086 Earths |
| Mass | (8.6810±0.0013)×1025 kg 14.536 Earths
GM=5,793,939±13 km3/s2 |
| Mean density | 1.27 g/cm3 |
| Surface gravity | 8.69 m/s2 (0.886 *g*0) (estimate) |
| Escape velocity | 21.3 km/s |
| Synodic rotation period | −0.718649 d −17h 14m 51s (retrograde) |
| Sidereal rotation period | −0.718661 d −17h 14m 52.310s ±  0.036s (retrograde) |
| Equatorial rotation velocity | 2.59 km/s |
| Axial tilt | 82.23° (to orbit, retrograde).
 97.77°(prograde, right-hand rule) |
| North pole right ascension | 17h 9m 15s 257.311° |
| North pole declination | −15.175° |
| Albedo | 0.300 (Bond) 0.488 (geom.) |
|

| Surface temp. | min | mean | max |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 bar level |  | 76 K (−197.2 °C) |  |
| 0.1 bar (tropopause) | 47 K | 53 K | 57 K |

 |
| Apparent magnitude | 5.38 to 6.03 |
| Absolute magnitude *(H)* | −7.2 |
| Angular diameter | 3.3″ to 4.1″ |
| Atmosphere |
| Scale height | 27.7 km |
| Composition by volume | Below 1.3 bar (130 kPa):

* 83 ± 3% hydrogen
* 15 ± 3% helium
* 2.3% methane
* 0.009% (0.007–0.015%) hydrogen deuteride
* hydrogen sulfide (trace amount)

Icy volatiles: * ammonia
* water ice
* ammonium hydrosulfide
* methane hydrate
 |
|  |

**Arungrah** (pratiik: , Uranus), Saur Mandal me suraj se duur 7th planet hae. Ii gaseous cyan-rang ke gas giant hae. Ii grah ke jaada hissa paani, ammonia, aur methane se banaa hae, jon supercritical phase of matter me hae, jiske taara vigyan "ice" nai to volatiles bole hae. Ii grah ke atmosphere complex layered baadal ke structure hae aur iske lowest minimum temperature (49 K (−224 °C; −371 °F)) saur mandal ke grah me se sab se kamti hae. Iske 82.23° ke axial tilt hae aur ii har 17 hours and 14 minutes me ek dafe rotate hoe hae. Iske matlab hae ki 84-Earth-year ke orbital period me Suraj ke parikarma karte, iske 42 saal ke continuous ghaam, aur iske baad by 42 saal of continuous andhera mile hae.

Saur mandal ke grah me se Arungrah ke diameter 3rd sab se barraa hae aur mass 4th sab se barraa hae. Volatile layer ke bittar ek patthar ke core hae, aur iske around ek hydrogen aur helium ke atmosphere hae. Thorraa hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide aur carbon dioxide ke upper atmosphere me paawa gais hae. Arungrah me dher unexplained mausam ke phenomena hae, jaise ki iske sab se jaada hawaa ke gati 900 km/h (560 mph), polar cap me badlao, aur iske erratic cloud formation. Ii grah ke internal heat bahit kamtii hae agar iske duusra giant planets se compare karaa jaae tab, aur ii kaise hoe hae clear nai hae.

Duusra giant planets ke rakam, Arungrah ke lage rings hae, ek magnetosphere hae, aur dher natural satellites hae. Ii bahut dark ring system khaali 2% incoming light ke reflect kare hae. Arungrah ke 28 natural satellites me 18 jaana jaae waala chandarma hae, jisme se 13 chhota-chhota inner moon hae. Aur jaada duur pe aur barraa paanch major moons hae: Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, aur Oberon. Arungrah se aur jaada duur me 10 jaana jaae waala irregular moons hae. Ii grah ke magnetosphere ekdam asymmetric hae aur isme charged particles hae, jiske kaaran iske rings aur chandarma dark rahe hae.

Arungrah ke bina durbiin ke dekha jaae sake hae, lekin ii bahut dim hae aur iske khaali 1781 me ek grah ke classify karaa gais rahaa, jab iske pahila dafe William Herschell dekhis rahaa. Iske paae jaae ke 70 saal baad, ii maana gais rahaa ki iske namm Greek deotaa, Uranus ke naam dewa jaae. 2025 talak iske khaali ek dafe Voyager 2 visit karis rahaa jab uu iske bagal se urris rahaa. Aaj-kal iske achchhaa se telescope se dekha jaae sake hae. Ii grah ke bagal se fir se urre ke plan karaa jaae hae.