# Chola Samrajya

| Chola Empire |
| --- |
| 848–1279 |
|
Gold Gadyana coin of emperor Rajaraja I (985–1014). Uncertain Tamil Nadu mint. Legend "Chola, conqueror of the Gangas" in Tamil, seated tiger with two fish.
 |
| The Chola Empire at its greatest extent c. 1030, under Rajendra I |
| Capital | Pazhaiyaarai, Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram |
| Official languages | * Middle Tamil
* Classical Sanskrit (liturgical purpose)
 |
| Religion  | Hinduism |
| Government | Monarchy |
| Chakravartigal |   |
|  |
| • 848–871  | Vijayalaya Chola (first) |
| • 1246–1279  | Rajendra III (last) |
|  |
| Historical era | Middle Ages |
|  |
| • Established  | 848 |
| • Empire at its greatest extent  | 1030 |
| • Disestablished  | 1279 |
|  |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| **Preceded by** | **Succeeded by** |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Pandya dynasty |
|  | Pallava Empire |
|  | Chera Kingdom |
|  | Eastern Chalukyas |
|  | Srivijaya Empire |
|  | Tambralinga |
|  | Eastern Ganga dynasty |
|  | Anuradhapura Kingdom |
|  | Principality of Ruhuna |
|  | Western Chalukya Empire |

 |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Pandya dynasty |  |
| Kingdom of Polonnaruwa |  |
| Kakatiya Empire |  |
| Eastern Ganga dynasty |  |
| Melayu Kingdom |  |
| Venad |  |
| Hoysala Empire |  |

 |

 |

**Chola Samrajya**, dakchhin India ke ek samrajya rahaa jispe Chola dynasty raaj karat rahin. Iske India se baahar ke dominion, Southeast Asia me rahaa.

## Itihaas

### Suruwaat

Thanjavur City
Vijayalaya, jon puraana Chola ke descendant rahaa, Chola Samrajya ke 848 me suruu karis rahaa. Vijayalaya ke mauka milaa jab Pandya aur Pallava Samrajya ek duusre se larrai karat rahin, tab uu c. 850 me, Thanjavur ke Muttarayar ke capture kar liis, aur Chola raaj-kul ke suruu karis rahaa. Thanjavur, Imperial Chola empire ke capital banaa rahaa.

Aditya I ke niche, Chola log Pallavas ke saathe, Madurai ke Pandyan dynasty ke 885 me harae ke Kannnada des ke dher hissa ke aapan niche kar le rahin. Baad me Aditya I Pallava log ke harae ke Tondaimandalam ke aapan niche kar liss rahaa. 925 me Aditya ke larrka, Parantaka I Sri Lanka ke jiitis rahaa. Baad me, Paramtaka I ke Rashtrakutas log, Krishna III ke niche, harae de rahin aur uske heir Rajaditya Chola ke maut hoe gais rahaa. Ii larrai me Chola log Tondaimandalam ke haar gae rahin.

Chola log, Parantaka II ke niche Pandaya ke harae ke aapan kingdom ke Tondaimandalam talak barrhae le rahin. Parataka II ke baad, Uttama Chola aur fir Raja Raja Chola I emporer rahaa.

### Shaahi yug

Chola princes Aditha Karikalan aur Arulmozhi Varman aapan guru ke mile hae
Rajendra I ke emporer banawa gais Shiva aur Shakthi se
Rajaraja I aur Rajendra I ke niche, Chola Samrajya aapan Imperial state me pahucha rahaa. Jab ii samrajya aapan chotii pe rahaa tab ii Sri Lanka ke uttar hissa se lae ke uttar ke bagal Godavari–Krishna basin talak, aur Konkan coast, Bhatkal me, puura Malabar Coast (Chea des) Lakshadweep aur Maldives islands talak faela rahaa. Rajaraja Chola I ek saktisaali raaja rahaa, jaise jaise larrai larrat rahaa, wahii rakam aapan des pe bhi raaj karat rahaa. Uu aapan samrajya ke bajbuuti se chalaawat rahaa, jisme taagatwar local sarkar bhi rahaa. 1000 me, Rajaraja, jamiin ke survey karis rahaa, jisse samrajya ke resources ke ekkatthaa karaa jaae sake. Uu Brihadeeswarar Mandir ke 1010 me banais rahaa.