# Budhgrah

Budhgrah| Budhgrah, sahii rang me, jiske *MESSENGER* spacecraft 2008 me utaris hae |
| Designations |
| Adjectives | Mercurian /mərˈkjʊəriən/, Mercurial /mərˈkjʊəriəl/ |
| Symbol |  |
| Orbital characteristics |
| Epoch J2000 |
| Aphelion | 0.466697 AU (69.82 million km) |
| Perihelion | 0.307499 AU (46.00 million km) |
| Semi-major axis | 0.387098 AU (57.91 million km) |
| Eccentricity | 0.205630 |
| Orbital period (sidereal) | * 87.9691 d
* 0.240846 yr
* 0.5 Mercury synodic days
 |
| Orbital period (synodic) | 115.88 d |
| Average orbital speed | 47.36 km/s |
| Mean anomaly | 174.796° |
| Inclination | * 7.005° to ecliptic
* 3.38° to Sun's equator
* 6.35° to invariable plane
 |
| Longitude of ascending node | 48.331° |
| Argument of perihelion | 29.124° |
| Satellites | None |
| Physical characteristics |
| Mean radius | * 2,439.7±1.0 km
* 0.3829 Earths
 |
| Flattening | 0.0009 |
| Surface area | * 7.48×107 km2
* 0.147 Earths
 |
| Volume | * 6.083×1010 km3
* 0.056 Earths
 |
| Mass | * 3.3011×1023 kg
* 0.055 Earths
 |
| Mean density | 5.427 g/cm3 |
| Surface gravity | 3.7 m/s2 (0.38 *g*0) |
| Moment of inertia factor | 0.346±0.014 |
| Escape velocity | 4.25 km/s |
| Synodic rotation period | 176 d |
| Sidereal rotation period | * 58.646 d
* 1407.5 h
 |
| Equatorial rotation velocity | 3.026 m/s |
| Axial tilt | 2.04Template:Prime ± 0.08 (to orbit) (0.034°) |
| North pole right ascension | * 18h 44m 2s
* 281.01°
 |
| North pole declination | 61.41°  |
| Albedo | * 0.088 (Bond)
* 0.142 (geom.)
 |
| Temperature | 437 K (164 °C) (blackbody temperature) |
|

| Surface temp. | min | mean | max |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0°N, 0°W  | −173 °C | 67 °C | 427 °C |
| 85°N, 0°W | −193 °C | −73 °C | 106.85 °C |

 |
| Apparent magnitude | −2.48 to +7.25 |
| Absolute magnitude *(H)* | −0.4 |
| Angular diameter | 4.5–13Template:Pprime |
| Atmosphere |
| Surface pressure | trace (≲ 0.5 nPa) |
| Composition by volume | * atomic oxygen
* sodium
* magnesium
* atomic hydrogen
* potassium
* calcium
* helium
* Trace amounts of iron, aluminium, argon, dinitrogen, dioxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, xenon, krypton, aur neon
 |
|  |

**Budhgrah** (pratiik: ; Mercury) uu planet hae jon Suraj ke sab se nachdik hae aur Saur mandal (Solar system) me sab se chhota hae. Ii planet jab dunia se dekha jaae hae tab ii bahut chatak dekhae hae, lekin jaada kar ke ii suraj ke bahut nachdik rahe hae aur dekhae nai hae.

Ii grah patthar ke banaa hae aur isme khaali kuchh atmosphere hae.Jab ki ii saur mandal ke sab se chhotaa grah hae, iske surface gravity Mars ke gravity se thorraa jaada hae. Budhgrah ke surface of Mercury dunia ke chandarma ke rakam hae, jisme dher cratar hae. Iske sab se barraa crater, Caloris Planitia, ke diameter 1,550 km (960 mi) hae, jon grah ke diameter ke one-third the diameter, (4,880 km or 3,030 mi) ke one-third hae.

Budhgrah ke saal 88 dunia ke saal ke baraabar hae aur iske din dunia ke 58.65 din ke baraabar hae. Jiske matlab hae ki Budhgrah ke ek solar din lagbahg 176 dunia ke din ke baraabar hae. Iske matlab ii bhi hae ki Budhgrah ke ek bagal me 88 din talak din rahe hae aur fir 88 din talak raat rahe hae. Budhgrah me ek magnetic field bhi hae jisse uu solar wind ke deflect kare hae. Hian ke temperature bahut uppar-niche jaawe hae aur equator ke ilaaka me raat me −170 °C (−270 °F) aur din me 420 °C (790 °F) rahe hae. Iske azial tilt bahut kamtii hae jisse
planet ke poles me sab time chhaain rahe hae aur ii biswas karaa jaae hae ki hian pe ice hoe sake hae.

Saur mandal ke aur grah ke rakam, Budhgrahlagbhag 4.5 billion saal pahile banaa rahaa. Iske mantle puura baraabar hae, jiske kaaran ii socha jaae hae ki Budhgrah ke uppar ek magma ke samundar rahaa. Abhi ke vigyanik ke anusaar, Budhgrah ke ek solid silicate crust hae, ek mantle hae jiske niche outer core hae, aur iske niche ek liquid ke core hae aur sab se bhittar ek solid core hae.

Budhgrah ke puraana jamaana se dekha jaae hae aur ii bhi samjhaa jaawat rahaa ki ii aur duusra taara ke rakam nai hae. Iske naam puraana Rome ke deotaa, Mercury se aais hae. Mariner 10 pahila spacecraft rahaa jon Budhgrah ke bagal se urr ke 1974 me gais rahaa.

## Physical characteristics

Mercury to scale among the Inner Solar System planetary-mass objects. From left: Mercury, Venus,
Earth, the Moon, Mars and Ceres
Budhgrah saur mandal ke chaar terrestrial planet e se ek hae, jiske matlab hae ki ii patthar ke banaa hae, jaise dunia. Ii saur mandal ke sab se chhotaa grah hae aur iske equatorial radius 2,439.7 kilometres (1,516.0 mi) hae. Mercury ke radius, Jupiter ke chaand, Ganymede aur Sanigrah ke chaand, Titan se chhotaa. Mercury lagbhag 70% metallic aur 30% silicate material se banaa hae.

## Duusra panna

* Planet ke suchi

## Duusra websites

* SolarViews.Com