# Rubidium

Rubidium,  37Rb| ngoi-kôn |
| --- |
|
grey white  |
| Kî-pún sin-sit |
| Miàng, fù-ho |
Rubidium, Rb |
| ngoi-hìn |
grey white |
| Rubidium chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi |
|

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 | K ↑ **Rb** ↓ Cs |
| krypton ← **Rubidium** → strontium |

 |

 |
| ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú |
37 |
| ngièn-chṳ́-liòng (±) |
85.4678(3)  |
| ngièn-su lui-phe̍t |   kán-kîm-su̍k |
| Chhu̍k, fûn-khî | 1 chhu̍k, s-block  |
| chû-khì |
period 5  |
| thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t | [Kr] 5s1  |
| per shell |
2, 8, 18, 8, 1 |
| vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt |
| Siông |
ku-thí |
| yùng-tiám |
312.45 K ​(39.30 °C, ​102.74 °F)  |
| pui-tiám |
961 K ​(688 °C, ​1270 °F)  |
| Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn |
1.532 g·cm−3 |
|
1.46 g·cm−3  |
| Sâm-siong-tiám |
312.41 K, ​? kPa  |
| lìm-kie-tiám |
2093 K, 16 MPa *(extrapolated)* |
| Yùng-fa-ngie̍t |
2.19 kJ·mol−1  |
| Chîn-fat-ngie̍t |
69 kJ·mol−1  |
| Ngie̍t-yùng-liong |
31.060 J·mol−1·K−1  |
| **chîn-hi-ap**

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k |
| chhai T (K) | 434 | 486 | 552 | 641 | 769 | 958 |

 |
| Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt |
| Yông-fa-su | **+1**, −1 ​(a strongly basic oxide) |
| Thien-fu-sin |
Pauling scale: 0.82  |
| Thien-lì-nèn |
1st: 403 kJ·mol−1  2nd: 2632.1 kJ·mol−1  3rd: 3859.4 kJ·mol−1   |
| Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kang |
empirical: 248 pm  |
| Khiung-ka pan-kang |
220±9 pm  |
| Van der Waals pan-kang |
303 pm  |
| Miscellanea |
| Chîn-thí keu-chho |  ​body-centered cubic (bcc) |
| Sâng-suk  thin rod |
1300 m·s−1 (at 20 °C)  |
| Ngie̍t-phàng-chong |
90 µm·m−1·K−1 (at r.t.) |
| Ngie̍t-chhòn-thô-li̍t |
58.2 W·m−1·K−1  |
| Thien-chú-li̍t |
128 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)  |
| Chhṳ̀-sin |
paramagnetic  |
| Young's modulus |
2.4 GPa  |
| Bulk modulus |
2.5 GPa  |
| Mohs hardness |
0.3  |
| Brinell hardness |
0.216 MPa  |
| CAS Registry Number |
7440-17-7  |
| Le̍k-sú |
| Fat-hien |
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff (1861) |
| First isolation |
George de Hevesy |
| Chui vún-thin ke thùng-vi-su |
|
Chú vùn-chông: Rubidium ke thùng-vi-su |
|

| iso | NA | half-life | DM | DE (MeV) | DP |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 83Rb | syn | 86.2 d | ε | – | 83Kr |
| γ | 0.52, 0.53, 0.55 | – |
| 84Rb | syn | 32.9 d | ε | 84Kr |
| β+ | 84Kr |
| γ | – |
| β− | 84Sr |
| 85Rb | 72.17% | 85Rb is stable with 48 neutrons |
| 86Rb | syn | 18.65 d | β− | 1.775 | 86Sr |
| γ | 1.0767 | – |
| 87Rb | 27.83% | 4.9×1010 y | β− | 0.283 | 87Sr |

 |

**Rubidium** (Hon-ngî: 銣 *lú*) he yit-chúng fa-ho̍k ngièn-su, fa-ho̍k fù-ho vì **Rb**, ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he **37**.

## Chhâm-kháu chṳ̂-liau