Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Tsaro na Bechuanaland

| Tsaro na Bechuanaland |
| --- |
| Bechuanaland (en) |
|  |
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| --- | --- |
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 |
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---

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| Wuri |
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|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |
|  ﻿ / ﻿ |

 |
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|

---

 |
| Babban birni |
Gaborone da Mahikeng (mul)  |
| Yawan mutane |
| Harshen gwamnati |
Turanci |
| Addini | Anglicanism (en)  |
| Bayanan tarihi |
| Ƙirƙira |
1885 |
| Rushewa |
1966 |
| Ta biyo baya |
Botswana |
| Tsarin Siyasa |
| Tsarin gwamnati | constitutional monarchy (en)  |
| Ikonomi |
| Kuɗi |
Rand na Afirka ta Kudu |

The Bechuanaland Protectorate (/ˌbɛtʃuˈɑːnəlænd/) mai kariya ne da aka kafa a ranar 31 ga Maris 1885 a Kudancin Afirka ta Ingila . Ya zama Jamhuriyar Botswana a ranar 30 ga Satumba 1966.

## Tarihi

Mishan na Scotland John Mackenzie (1835-1899), wanda kungiyar London Missionary Society (LMS) ta tallafawa, ya zauna a Shoshong daga 1862 zuwa 1876. Ya yi gargadin cewa 'yan Afirka suna fuskantar barazanar Boers da ke mamaye yankinsu daga kudu. Ya yi kamfen don kafa abin da ya zama Bechuanaland Protectorate, don a mallake shi kai tsaye daga Burtaniya. Afirka ta Kudu: Losing It ko Ruling It (1887) shine labarin Mackenzie game da abubuwan da suka haifar da kafa mai kariya. A cikin tasirin Mackenzie, a watan Janairun 1885 gwamnatin Burtaniya ta yanke shawarar aika da balaguron soja zuwa Afirka ta Kudu don tabbatar da ikon mallakar Burtaniya a kan yankin da ake hamayya. Lieutenant Colonel Sir Charles Warren (1840-1927) ya jagoranci rundunar sojojin Imperial 4,000 a arewacin Cape Town. Bayan yin yarjejeniya tare da shugabannin Afirka da yawa, Kanar Warren ya ba da sanarwar kafa mai kariya a watan Maris na shekara ta 1885. A watan Satumba na wannan shekarar an ayyana kasar Tswana a kudancin Kogin Molopo a matsayin mulkin mallaka na Biritaniya Bechuanaland . Mackenzie ya bi Warren, kuma Afirka ta Kudu ta ƙunshi cikakken bayani game da balaguron.

## Manazarta
# Xi'an

| Xi'an |
| --- |
| 西安 (zh) |
|  |
|

---

 |
| Official symbol (en)  | Styphnolobium japonicum (mul)  da Punica granatum (mul)  |
| Wuri |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |
|  ﻿ / ﻿ |

 |
|  |
|  |
| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Sin |
| Province of China (en)  | Shaanxi (mul)  |
|  |
|  |
| Babban birnin | Shaanxi (mul)   |
| Yawan mutane |
| Faɗi |
12,952,907 (2020) |
| • Yawan mutane |
1,282.87 mazaunan/km² |
| Labarin ƙasa |
| Bangare na | Shaanxi (mul)  |
| Yawan fili |
10,096.81 km² |
| Altitude (en)  |
405 m |
| Bayanan tarihi |
| Mabiyi | Chang'an (en)  |
| Tsarin Siyasa |
| Gangar majalisa | Municipal People's Congress of Xi'an (en)  |
| • Gwamna | Ye Niuping (en)  (4 ga Afirilu, 2023) |
| Bayanan Tuntuɓa |
| Lambar aika saƙo |
710000 |
| Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci | UTC+08:00 (mul)  |
| Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho |
29 |
| Wasu abun |
|

---

 |
| Yanar gizo |
xa.gov.cn |

Xi'an.
**Xi'an** (lafazi : /shi'an/) birni ne, da ke a ƙasar Sin. Xi'an yana da yawan jama'a 8,705,600, bisa ga jimillar 2015. An gina birnin Xi'an a karni na sha ɗaya kafin haifuwan annabi Issa.

Wani gidan cin abinci na musulmi a Xi'an, Chains
**Xi'an**
## Hotuna

* Evening near city wall with foodstall
* Běidàjiē (North Street) at street level
* Subway around Bell Tower
* Katangar da ta zagaye birnin
* Kararrawar karfe da ke a bakin kofar shiga birnin
* Hasumiyar kofar shiga birnin
* Birnin Zi'an
* Birnin
* Wata irin Hasumiyar tsarin yan Kasar ta babban Masallacin
* Tafkin Meibei
* Tashar Bas ta birnin
* Filin jirgin Sama na birnin

## Manazarta
# Pi

| Pi |
| --- |
| transcendental number (en) , real number (en) , mathematical constant (en) , UCUM constant (en)  da ratio of lengths (en)  |
|  |
| Bayanai |
| Name (en)  | π |
| Significant person (en)  | William Jones (mul)  |
| Suna saboda | circle (en) , Ludolph van Ceulen (en)  da Ludolph van Ceulen (en)  |
| Karatun ta |
Lissafi |
| Quantity symbol (LaTeX) (en)  |
 WIKINIUM\_MATH\_PH\_0  |
| Hashtag (mul)  |
π |
| Tarihin maudu'i | chronology of computation of π (en)  |
| Notation (en)  | pi (en)  |
| Less than (en)  | 22/7 (en)  |
| TeX string (en)  |
\pi |

tambarin pi
lambat pi
Lamba **π** ( /p aɪ / ; da aka rubuta a matsayin " **pi** ") ma'auni ne na lissafin lissafi wanda shine rabon da'irar da'irar zuwa diamita, kusan dai-dai da 3.14159. Lambar π tana bayyana a cikin dabaru da yawa a cikin ilimin lissafi da kimiyyar lissafi . Lamba ce mara hankali, ma'ana cewa ba za a iya bayyana shi dai-dai a matsayin rabon lambobi biyu ba, kodayake ana amfani da juzu'i kamar 22/7 don kimanta shi . Saboda haka, wakilcin sa na goma ba ya ƙarewa, kuma ba ya shiga tsarin maimaitawa na dindindin . Lamba ce mai wuce gona da iri, ma'ana cewa ba zai iya zama mafita ga dai-daiton da ya ƙunshi jimla kawai, samfura, iko, da lambobi ba. Maɗaukakin π yana nuna cewa ba zai yuwu a warware ƙalubalen da aka daɗe ba na murƙushe da'irar tare da kamfas da madaidaiciya . Da alama ana rarraba lambobi goma sha ɗaya na π, amma ba a sami tabbacin wannan zato ba.

Tsawon shekaru dubbai, masu ilimin lissafi sun yi ƙoƙarin faɗaɗa fahimtar π, wani lokaci ta hanyar ƙididdige ƙimarsa zuwa madaidaicin matsayi. Wayewa na da, da suka haɗa da Masarawa da Babila, sun buƙaci daidaitattun ƙididdiga na π don ƙididdiga masu amfani. Kusan 250 BC, masanin lissafi na Girka Archimedes ya ƙirƙiri algorithm don kimanta π tare da daidaito na sabani. A ƙarni na 5 miladiyya, masana lissafin ƙasar Sin sun kai kimanin π zuwa lambobi bakwai, yayin da masu ilmin lissafi na Indiya suka yi kimamin lambobi biyar, dukkansu suna amfani da fasahar geometric. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta farko don π, bisa jerin ƙididdiga marasa iyaka, an gano shi shekaru dubu daga baya.[1][2] Sanin farkon amfani da harafin Helenanci π don wakiltar rabon da'irar da'ira zuwa diamita shi ne na masanin lissafin Welsh William Jones a 1706.[1]

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# Yatsa

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Wannan mukalar bata da Reference (Manazarta) ko daya, ka taimaka ta hanyar samar da Manazarta daga littafi ko yanar gizo, duba wannan shafin domin samun masaniya akan yanda zaka samar da Reference (Manazarta) a cikin wannan mukalar.
 .  |

| yatsa |
| --- |
| class of anatomical entity (en)  da pentad (en)  |
|  |
| Bayanai |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | digit (en)  da region of hand (en)  |
| Bangare na | hannu |
| Anatomical location (en)  | hannu |

Dan yatsan hannu na tsakiya
Yan yatsu biyar a hannu

yatsu hade da kafa
yatsan biri yarufe baki
da yatsa ake dinki
yatsa da ake kwasan kaya
**Yatsa** da yawa **yatsu** guda biyar ne a kowane tafin hannu da ƙafa na ƴan adam da dabbobi.

*Wannan Muƙalar **guntuwa** ce: tana buƙatar a inganta ta, kuna iya gyara ta.*
## Manazarta
# Kyau

| Kyau |
| --- |
| type of value (en) , aesthetic concept (en)  da personality trait (en)  |
|  |
| Bayanai |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | convention (en)  da value (en)  |
| Hashtag (mul)  |
beauty |
| Hannun riga da | ugliness (en)  |

**Kyau** An fi bayyana kyau a matsayin siffa na abubuwa da ke sa su jin daɗin fahimta. Irin waɗannan abubuwa sun haɗa da shimfidar wurare, faɗuwar rana, mutane da ayyukan fasaha. Kyawawa, fasaha da ɗanɗano su ne manyan batutuwa na ƙayatarwa, ɗaya daga cikin fagagen nazari a cikin falsafar. A matsayin kyakkyawan darajar kyan gani, an bambanta shi da mummuna a matsayin mummunan takwaransa.

Wahala ɗaya wajen fahimtar kyakkyawa ita ce tana da abubuwa biyu na haƙiƙa da na zahiri: ana ganinta a matsayin mallakin abubuwa amma kuma ta dogara da martanin tunanin masu kallo. Saboda bangarensa na zahiri, an ce kyakkyawa “a wurin mai kallo ne”. An yi iƙirarin cewa ikon da ke gefen batun da ake buƙata don gane da kuma yin hukunci da kyau, wani lokaci ana kiransa "jin daɗin dandano", ana iya horar da shi kuma hukuncin masana ya zo daidai a cikin dogon lokaci. Wannan yana nuna ma'auni na ingancin hukunce-hukuncen kyawawa suna tsaka-tsaki ne, watau sun dogara da rukunin alkalai, maimakon cikakku na zahiri ko haƙiƙa.

Tunanin kyau yana nufin kama abin da ke da mahimmanci ga duk kyawawan abubuwa. Tunani na gargajiya suna bayyana kyakkyawa dangane da alakar da ke tsakanin kyakkyawan abu gabaɗaya da sassansa: yakamata sassan su tsaya daidai gwargwado da juna kuma ta haka ne su tsara haɗaɗɗiyar gaba ɗaya. Tunanin Hedonist ganin haɗin kai mai mahimmanci tsakanin jin daɗi da kyau, misali. cewa abu ya yi kyau shi ne ya haifar da jin dadi maras sha'awa. Sauran ra'ayoyin sun haɗa da ayyana kyawawan abubuwa ta fuskar kimarsu, halin ƙauna gare su ko na aikinsu.

## Takaitawa

Kyakkyawan, tare da fasaha da ɗanɗano, shine babban jigo na ƙayatarwa, ɗaya daga cikin manyan rassan falsafa Kyawawan yawanci ana rarraba su azaman kayan ado ban da sauran kaddarorin, kamar alheri, ƙawanci ko maɗaukaki. A matsayin ingantacciyar ƙima, kyakkyawa an bambanta da ƙauna a matsayin takwararta mara kyau. Ana lissafta kyakkyawa sau da yawa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mahimman dabaru guda uku na fahimtar ɗan adam baya ga gaskiya da nagarta.

Masu manufa ko masu haƙiƙanci suna kallon kyakkyawa azaman haƙiƙa ko siffa mai zaman kanta na kyawawan abubuwa, waɗanda masu fafutuka suka musanta.[3][9] Madogarar wannan muhawarar ita ce, ana ganin hukunce-hukuncen kyau sun ginu ne bisa dalilai na zahiri, wato yadda muke ji, yayin da ake da'awar daidaito na duniya a lokaci guda[10]. Wani lokaci ana kiran wannan tashin hankali a matsayin “antinomy na dandano”[4]. Mabiya ɓangarorin biyu sun ba da shawarar cewa wata ƙungiya, wadda aka fi sani da ma'anar ɗanɗano, tana da mahimmanci don yanke tabbataccen hukunci game da kyakkyawa.[3][10] David Hume, alal misali, ya ba da shawarar cewa za a iya horar da wannan jami'a kuma cewa hukunce-hukuncen masana sun zo daidai a cikin dogon lokaci.[3][9].

## Manazarta
# Lahore

| Lahore |
| --- |
| لاہور (ur) لہور (pa) |
|  |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |
|  |  |

 |
|  |
|  |
|

---

 |
| Wuri |
|

|  |
| --- |
|  |
|  ﻿ / ﻿ |

 |
|  |
|  |
| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Pakistan |
| Province of Pakistan (en)  | Punjab (en)  |
| Division of Pakistan (en)  | Lahore Division (en)  |
| District of Pakistan (en)  | Lahore District (en)  |
|  |
|  |
| Babban birnin | Sikh Empire (en)  (1799–1849) Punjab (en)  (1947–) West Punjab (en)   Lahore District (en)   Lahore Division (en)   |
| Yawan mutane |
| Faɗi |
11,126,285 (2017) |
| • Yawan mutane |
6,278.94 mazaunan/km² |
| Harshen gwamnati |
Turanci Urdu |
| Labarin ƙasa |
| Yawan fili |
1,772 km² |
| Altitude (en)  |
217 m |
| Tsarin Siyasa |
| Gangar majalisa | Metropolitan Corporation Lahore (en)  |
| Bayanan Tuntuɓa |
| Lambar aika saƙo |
54000 |
| Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci | UTC+05:00 (mul)  |
| Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho |
042 |
| Wasu abun |
|

---

 |
| Yanar gizo |
lahore-mc.punjab.gov.pk |
|    |

Lahore.
hoton massalacin lahore
**Lahore** Birni ne, da ke a jihar Punjab, a ƙasar Pakistan. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha bakwai 2017, jimilar mutane miliyan goma sha ɗaya da dubu ɗari da ashirin da shida da ɗari biyu da tamanin da biyar 11,126,285 (miliyan sha ɗaya da dubu dari ɗaya da a Shirin da shida da dari biyu da tamanin da biyar). An gina birnin Lahore bayan karni na goma bayan haifuwan annabi Isah A.S.

## Hotuna.

* Qurtaba Chowk, Lahore
* Lahore, 1857.
* Kos Minar, Manawan, Lahore.
* Water\_Tank in Lahore, 2004.
* Gurdwara Dera Sahib, Lahore.
*
* Hoton Sheesh Mahal a cikin Fort a Lahore, 1895.

## Manazarta.
# Kundin Tsarin Mulki

| kundin tsarin mulki |
| --- |
| type of law (en)  |
|  |
| Bayanai |
| Karatun ta | constitutional history (en)  |

 Tsarin Mulki na Shekarar XII (Jamhuriyar Faransa ta Farko)
 Tsarin Mulki na Naples a cikin 1848.
Kundin **tsarin mulki** shine jimillar ka'idodi na asali ko kafaffen abubuwan da suka zama tushen doka na wata hukuma, gungiya ko wani nau'in mahalli kuma galibi suna da ƙayyadaddun yadda za'a gudanar da wannan ƙungiya.

Lokacin da aka rubuta wadannan ka'idodin cikin takarda daya ko saitin takaddun doka, ana iya cewa wadannan takaddun *sun gunshi rubutaccen tsarin mulki*; idan an hada su a cikin cikakken takarda guda daya, an ce ya *gunshi kundin tsarin mulki*. Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Burtaniya babban misali ne na *kundin tsarin mulkin* da ba a canza shi ba; A maimakon haka an rubuta shi a cikin muhimman Ayyukan majalisa, shari'o'in kotu ko yarjejeniyoyin.

Kundin tsarin mulki ya shafi matakai daban-daban na kungiyoyi, daga kasashe masu iko zuwa kamfanoni da gungiyoyin da ba su da hadin gwiwa. Yarjejeniyar da ta kafa kungiya ta duniya ita ma kundin tsarin mulkinta ce, ta yadda za ta ayyana yadda kungiyar ta kasance. A cikin jihohi, tsarin mulki yana bayyana ka'idodin da ƙasa ta dogara da su, tsarin da aka kafa dokoki da kuma ta wa. Wasu kundin tsarin mulki, musamman na kundin tsarin mulki, suma suna aiki ne a matsayin masu takaita ikon gwamnati, ta hanyar kafa layukan da masu mulkin jaha ba za su iya ketare su ba, kamar hakkoki na asali.

Wannan kundin tsarin mulki ne na siyasa
Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Indiya shine mafi dadewa rubutaccen tsarin mulki na kowace kasa a duniya, yana da kalmomi (146,385) a cikin harshen Ingilishi, yayin da Tsarin Mulkin Monaco shine mafi guntu rubutaccen tsarin mulki tare da kalmomi (3,814). Kundin Tsarin Mulki na San Marino na iya zama kundin tsarin mulkin da aka rubuta mafi tsufa a duniya, tunda wasu muhimman takaddunsa suna aiki tun (1600) yayin da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka shine mafi tsufa tsarin aiki. Tsawon rayuwar tarihi na kundin tsarin mulki tun (1789) kusan shekaru (19)ne.

## Asalin kalma

Kalmar *tsarin mulki* ta zo ta hanyar kalmar Faransanci da kuma kalmar Latin *constitutio*, da aka yi amfani da ita don ka'idoji da umarni, kamar dokokin mulkin mallaka (*constitutiones principis*: edicta, mandata, decreta, rescripta). Daga baya, an yi amfani da kalmar sosai a cikin dokar canon don yanke shawara mai mahimmanci, musamman dokar da Paparoma ya bayar, wanda yanzu ake magana da shi a matsayin *tsarin mulkin manzanni*.

William Blackstone ya yi amfani da kalmar don gagarumin cin zarafi na amanar jama'a, na yanayi da kuma iyakar cewa ketare zai ba da hujjar mayar da martani na juyin juya hali. Kalmar kamar yadda Blackstone ya yi amfani da ita ba don rubutun doka ba ne, kuma bai yi niyyar hadawa da ra'ayi na baya-bayan nan na Amurka game da bitar shari'a ba: "domin wannan shine ya sanya ikon shari'a fiye da na majalisa, wanda zai zama mai rushe dukkanin gwamnati".

## siffofin game gari

## Tarihi da kuma habaka

## Ka'idojin hada kundin Tsarin mulki

## Hotuna

* 2017 Constitution of North Korea
* 1964 Congo Constitution - Page 1

## Manazarta
# Kogin Barka

| Kogin Barka |
| --- |
|  |
| General information |
| Height above mean sea level (en)  |
22 m |
| Tsawo |
500 km |
| Labarin ƙasa |
|  |
| Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Kasa |
Eritrea da Sudan |
| Hydrography (en)  |
| Tributary (en)  |

duba
* Kogin Anseba
 |
| Watershed area (en)  |
66,200 km² |
| River mouth (en)  |
Red Sea |

**Kogin Barka** ( Larabci : *nahr Baraka* ; Italiyanci : *fiume Barca* ) kogi ne mai rarrafe wanda ke gudana daga tsaunukan Eritrea zuwa filayen Sudan . Tare da tsawon sama da 640 kilometres (400 mi), yana tashi a wajen Asmara kuma yana gudana a arewa maso yamma ta hanyar Agordat . Kogin ya haɗu da Kogin Anseba kusa da kan iyaka da Sudan.

A Sudan, Barka tana kwarara zuwa wani yanki mai tsaunuka a Tekun Ja, kusa da garin Tokar .

## Duba kuma

* Jerin kogunan Eritrea
* Jerin kogunan Sudan

## Manazarta
# Bikin tsakiyar kaka

Bikin tsakiyar kaka|  |
| Iri | public holiday (en)  |
| Rana | 15th day of the 8th month of the Chinese lunar calendar (mul)  |
|  |
|  |
| Ƙasa |
Sin, Vietnam da Taiwan |
|  |
|  |

**Bikin tsakiyar kaka**, wanda aka fi sani da bikin wata ko bikin biki na wata, bikin girbi ne da ake yi a al'adun kasar Sin. Ana gudanar da shi ne a ranar 15 ga wata 8 na kalandar Lunisolar kasar Sin tare da cikar wata da dare, daidai da tsakiyar Satumba zuwa farkon Oktoba na kalandar Gregorian. A wannan rana, Sinawa sun yi imanin cewa wata ya fi haske da girma, kuma ya zo daidai da lokacin girbi a tsakiyar kaka. Bikin tsakiyar kaka na daya daga cikin muhimman bukukuwa a al'adun kasar Sin; shahararsa tana daidai da na sabuwar shekarar Sinawa. Tarihin bikin ya samo asali ne fiye da shekaru 3,000. Sauran al'adu na Gabas da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya ne suke gudanar da irin wannan bukukuwa. A lokacin bikin, ana ɗaukar fitilu masu girma da siffofi - waɗanda ke nuna alamun hasken da ke haskaka hanyar mutane zuwa wadata da wadata - ana ɗauka da baje kolin. Mooncakes, irin kek mai arziƙi wanda yawanci cike da wake, gwaiduwa kwai, nama ko man magarya, ana ci a al'adance a lokacin wannan biki. Bikin tsakiyar kaka ya dogara ne akan almara na Chang'e, allahn wata a tarihin kasar Sin.

*Wannan Muƙalar **guntuwa** ce: tana buƙatar a inganta ta, kuna iya gyara ta.*
## Manazarta
# Li Jen-kuei

| Paul Li |
| --- |
| Rubuce-rubuce |
| An haife shi | (1936-09-20) 20 Satumba 1936  |
| Ƙasar | Jamhuriyar Sin |
| Aiki | Mai bincike |

**Paul Li** , ko **Li Jen-kuei** (Sinanci; ; an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1936), masanin harshe ne na Taiwan. Li ɗan bincike ne a Cibiyar Nazarin Harshe, Academia Sinica a Taipei, Taiwan . Li babban kwararre ne a kan Harsunan Formosan kuma ya wallafa ƙamus a kan harshe na Pazeh da Kavalan.

An zaɓi Li a matsayin memba na Academia Sinica a shekara ta 2006.

## manazarta
# Kwalejin Taiwan

| Kwalejin Taiwan |
| --- |
| Bayanai |
| Iri | nonprofit organization (en)  |
| Ƙasa |
Taiwan |
| Tarihi |
| Ƙirƙira |
2011 |
| Wanda ya samar | Ministry of Culture (en)  |

**Kwalejin Taiwan** (Sinanci: 臺灣書院; : ) cibiyoyin jama'a ne marasa riba tare da manufar inganta Harshen Mandarin (wanda aka sani a Taiwan da Guóyǔ (國語)), Haruffa na gargajiya na kasar Sin, da bincike kan batutuwan da suka shafi Taiwan. Ma'aikatar Al'adu ta Jamhuriyar Sin (ROC) ta kafa Kwalejin Taiwan a 2011.

## Tarihi

Kodayake ROC ta gudanar da makarantun kasar Sin da cibiyoyin al'adu a kasashen waje na shekaru da yawa, Kwalejin Taiwan tana wakiltar iko na tsakiya kan diflomasiyyar al'adu tare da Majalisar Dattijai ta Yuan don Harkokin Al'adu (CCA) ta shiga Majalisar Harkokin Kasashen Waje, wacce a al'ada ta damu da kanta kawai Han Sinanci na kasashen waje. A matsayinsa na dan takara, Shugaba Ma Ying-jeou ya ba da shawarar kirkirar Kwalejin Taiwan a lokacin Zaben shugaban kasa na Jamhuriyar Sin na 2008, tare da asusun dala miliyan 150 don kirkirar Kyautar Nobel a cikin wallafe-wallafen ga mutanen Sin. Ofishin Wakilin Tattalin Arziki da Al'adu na Taipei ya buɗe Kwalejin farko a New York, Los Angeles, da Houston a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 2011. Nan da nan, 'yan majalisa daga jam'iyyar Kuomintang mai mulki sun soki sunan "Taiwan Academy" a matsayin "rashin hankali" da "ma'anar zama", sabanin sunan kamar "Zhonghua Academy" (中華書院), wanda zai jaddada wakilci mai zurfi na al'adun Han na kasar Sin. Ministan Al'adu na ROC Lung Ying-tai ya ce Kwalejin Taiwan ba za ta yi gasa ba ko kuma ta ba da hadin kai ga Cibiyoyin Confucius na kasar Sin a halin yanzu. CCA ta ambaci Kwalejin Taiwan a matsayin hanyar yin amfani da ikon gwamnati mai laushi da kuma samar da "bayani game da al'adun kasar Sin tare da siffofin Taiwan".

Baya ga Kwalejin Taiwan guda uku da aka kafa a Amurka, Ma'aikatar Al'adu ta kuma kafa wuraren hulɗa na Kwalejin Tailandia a kasashe 64 har zuwa Satumba 2013. [1] Abubuwan hulɗa suna wakiltar yarjejeniyar dogon lokaci tare da cibiyoyin ilimi masu haɗin gwiwa don taimakawa wajen yada bayanan da suka shafi Kwalejin Taiwan da inganta shirye-shiryen da makarantar ta bayar.[2]￼

## Ayyuka

Kwalejin Taiwan tana da kasafin kuɗi na dala miliyan 21 a kowace shekara don tallafawa tallafin karatu don Sinology da Nazarin Taiwan, kuma za ta inganta musayar ilimi tare da baƙi. Kwalejin Taiwan tana da hannu tare da nuna fina-finai daga da rarraba "Taiwan Cinema Toolkit" na Ma'aikatar Al'adu, wanda ke nuna fina-fukki masu mahimmanci daga daraktocin asalin Taiwan kamar Ang Lee da Edward Yang. Shirye-shiryen ɗakin karatu na dijital sun haɗa da wani muhimmin abu game da al'adun tsibirin "ba na kasar Sin ba".

## Manazarta
# Sahrawis

| Sahrawis |
| --- |
|
Larabawa da Beni Ḥassān (en)  |
| Bayanai |
| Suna a harshen gida | صحراويون |
| Yaren haihuwa |
Hassaniya Larabci, Ingantaccen larabci da Yaren Sifen |
| Addini |
Sufiyya |
| Mazhab |
Malikiyya |
| Wuri |
|

|  |
| --- |
|  |
|  ﻿ / ﻿ |

 |

**Sahrawis, ko Sahrawi** (Larabci: صحراويون ṣaḥrāwīyūn), ƙabila ce ta asalin yankin yammacin hamadar Sahara, wanda ya haɗa da Sahara ta Yamma, Kudancin Maroko, yawancin Mauritania, da kuma tare daiyakar kudu maso yammacin Aljeriya. Su na gauraye ne Hassani Larabawa da Sanhaji Berber , da kuma Afirka ta Yamma { da sauran 'yan asalin ƙasar.Sahrawis sun ƙunshi kabilu da yawa kuma galibinsu masu magana da yaren Hassaniya na Larabci.

## Ilimin Halin Rayuwa

Kalmar Larabci Saḥrāwī (صحراوي) a zahiri tana nufin "Mazaunin Hamada". Kalmar Sahrawi ta samo asali ne daga kalmar Saḥrā' (صحراء), ma'ana "Hamada". Ana kiran namiji Sahrawi, mace kuma ana kiranta Sahrawiya. A cikin wasu harsuna ana furta shi ta hanyoyi iri ɗaya ko mabanbanta:

Berber: Aseḥrawi ⴰⵙⴻⵃⵔⴰⵡⵉ ko Aneẓrofan  Turanci: Sahrawi ko Saharawi Mutanen Espanya: Saharaui (saharauita, saharuiya) Faransanci: Sahraoui Italiyanci: Saharaui, Sahraui, Sabras ko Saharawi Fotigal: SaarauísJamusanci: Sahraui(s)

## Manazarta
# Fashi a Teku

Fashi a Teku|  |
| Iri | aiki |
|  |
|  |
|  |
|  |

Fashi wani aiki ne na fashi ko tashin hankali na laifi ta hanyar jirgin ruwa ko masu kai hari a kan wani jirgin ruwa ko yankin bakin teku, yawanci tare da burin sata kaya da sauran kayayyaki masu daraja. Wadanda ke gudanar da ayyukan fashi ana kiransu 'yan fashi, kuma jiragen da aka yi amfani da su don fashi ana kiran su jiragen fashi. Abubuwan da aka fi rubuta na fashi sun kasance a cikin karni na 14 BC, lokacin da Mutanen Tekun, ƙungiyar masu fashi da teku, suka kai hari kan jiragen ruwa na wayewar Aegean da Bahar Rum. Hanyoyin tashoshin da ke cikin jigilar kaya a cikin hanyoyin da za a iya hangowa sun daɗe suna haifar da damar yin fashi, da kuma masu zaman kansu da kuma cinikin Kasuwanci.

*Wannan Muƙalar **guntuwa** ce: tana buƙatar a inganta ta, kuna iya gyara ta.*
## Manazarta
# Bus

| bus |
| --- |
| vehicle functional class (en)  |
|  |
| Bayanai |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | motor vehicle (en) , road vehicle (en) , passenger vehicle (en)  da commercial vehicle (en)  |
| Amfani | passenger transport (en)  da passenger transportation (en)  |
| Designed to carry (en)  | passenger (en)  |
| Hashtag (mul)  |
bus |
| Has characteristic (en)  | seating capacity (en) , low floor technology (en)  da articulated vehicle (en)  |
| Amfani wajen | passenger vehicle operator (en)  |
| Greater than (en)  |
mota |

Benz-Omnibus, 1896

**Bus** shi ne abin hawa. Bus tafiya a kan hanya.

Ana iya amfani da motocin bas don jigilar bas da aka tsara, jigilar bas, jigilar makaranta, haya na mutum ɗaya, ko yawon buɗe ido; ana iya amfani da motocin bas na talla don kamfen na siyasa kuma wasu ana sarrafa su ne kawai don dalilai daban-daban, gami da motocin yawon shakatawa na rock da pop.

An yi amfani da motocin bas masu jan dawaki tun daga shekarun 1820, sai kuma motocin bas masu tururi a shekarun 1830, da kuma motocin bas masu amfani da wutar lantarki a shekarar 1882. An yi amfani da motocin bas na farko na injin konewa na ciki, ko motocin bas masu amfani da wutar lantarki a shekarar 1895. Kwanan nan, sha'awa ta karu a cikin motocin bas masu amfani da wutar lantarki, motocin bas masu amfani da man fetur, da motocin bas masu amfani da wutar lantarki, da kuma motocin bas masu amfani da iskar gas mai ƙarfi ko kuma biodiesel. Ya zuwa shekarar 2010, masana'antar motocin bas tana ƙara zama ruwan dare a duniya, tare da irin waɗannan ƙira da ke bayyana a ko'ina cikin duniya.