# Bab-el-Mandeb

| Bab-el-Mandeb |
| --- |
| General information |
| Vertical depth (en)  |
310 m |
| Labarin ƙasa |
|  |
| Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Kasa |
Yemen, Jibuti da Eritrea |

**Bab-el-Mandeb** wani kogi ne kuma babban tashar duniya tsakanin Yemen a Yankin Larabawa da Djibouti da Eritrea a cikin Horn na Afirka, wanda ke haɗa Bahar Maliya zuwa Tekun Aden kuma ta hanyar fadada Tekun Indiya.

## Magana

A cikin '**Bab*-el-*Mandeb'**, Bab na nufin "ƙofar" ko "ƙofar") yayin da Mandeb na nufin " makoki" ko " baƙin ciki". Ginin ya samo sunansa ne daga haɗarin da ke halartar tafiyarsa ko, bisa ga wani labari na Larabawa, daga lambobin da girgizar ƙasa ta nutsar da su ta raba Yankin Larabawa daga Horn of Africa.

## Tarihi

Abubuwan Paleo-environmental da tectonic a zamanin Miocene sun haifar da Danakil Isthmus, gada mai ƙasa wanda ya samar da babbar alaƙa tsakanin Yemen da Habasha. A cikin shekaru 100,000 da suka gabata, sauye-sauyen matakin teku ya haifar da budewa da rufewa na ƙuƙwalwar. Dangane da ra'ayi na asali guda ɗaya na baya-bayan nan, ƙuƙwalwar Bab-el-Mandeb tabbas ta shaida ga ƙaurawar farko na Mutane na zamani a fadin nahiyoyi. An ɗauka cewa teku sun kasance ƙasa da ƙasa kuma ƙuƙwalwar ta kasance mai zurfi ko bushe, wanda ya ba da damar jerin ƙaura a kudancin gabar Asiya.

A cikin al'adar Larabawa an ruwaito cewa a zamanin d ̄ a Asiya da Afirka sun haɗu tare, har sai sun rabu a Bab-el-Mandeb. Yaqut al-Hamawi ya haɗa sunan Bab-el-Mandeb tare da ƙetare Aksumites a kan teku zuwa Yemen. Rubutun Sabaean guda biyu na farkon karni na 6 sun ambaci *silsilat al-Mandab* dangane da rikici tsakanin Dhu Nuwas da Aksumites.

Kamfanin Burtaniya na Gabashin Indiya ya kwace tsibirin Perim a cikin 1799 a madadin Daular Indiya. Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta tabbatar da mallakarta a 1857 kuma ta gina hasumiya a can a 1861, ta amfani da ita don yin umurni da Bahar Maliya da hanyoyin kasuwanci ta hanyar Suez Canal . An yi amfani da shi azaman tashar kwal don yin amfani da jiragen ruwa har zuwa 1935 lokacin da rage amfani da kwal a matsayin man fetur ya sa aikin bai da riba.

Kasancewar Burtaniya ta ci gaba har zuwa 1967 lokacin da tsibirin ya zama wani ɓangare na Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Yemen ta Kudu. Kafin mika shi, gwamnatin Burtaniya ta gabatar a gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da wani tsari na tsibirin da za a yi amfani da shi a duniya a matsayin hanyar tabbatar da ci gaba da tsaro na wucewa da kewayawa a Bab-el-Mandeb, amma an ki amincewa da wannan.

A shekara ta 2008 wani kamfani mallakar Tarek bin Laden ya bayyana shirye-shiryen gina gada mai suna Bridge of the Horns a fadin mashigar, wanda ke haɗa Yemen da Djibouti. Middle East Development LLC ta ba da sanarwa don gina gada da ke wucewa a fadin Bahar Maliya wanda zai zama mafi tsawo a duniya. An sanya aikin ga kamfanoni biyu na Denmark: kamfanin injiniya COWI tare da haɗin gwiwar ɗakin gine-gine Dissing + Weitling . Koyaya, jinkirin da aka sanar zuwa Mataki na 1 a cikin 2010 da kuma rashin ƙarin sabuntawa tun lokacin da ya sa wannan aikin ya zama aikin da ya ɓace.

## Muhimmancin hanyar cinikayya ta teku

Gudun kayayyakin man fetur da iskar gas ta hanyar ƙuƙwalwar, 2014-2018
Bab-el-Mandeb yana aiki ne a matsayin hanyar haɗi tsakanin Tekun Indiya da Tekun Bahar Rum ta hanyar Bahar Maliya da Suez Canal. Yawancin fitar da man fetur da iskar gas daga Tekun Farisa waɗanda ke wucewa ta Suez Canal ko SUMED Pipeline suna wucewa ta Bab el-Mandeb da Strait of Hormuz . Duk da yake karamin faɗin ƙuƙwalwar yana buƙatar jiragen ruwa su yi tafiya a cikin teku na yankunan da ke kusa da su, a ƙarƙashin ikon Mataki na 37 na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Dokar Tekun, ra'ayin doka na wucewa ya shafi Bab el-Mandeb, kodayake Eritrea (ba kamar sauran ƙasashen bakin teku ba) ba ɓangare ne na yarjejeniyar.

Chokepoints ƙananan tashoshi ne tare da hanyoyin teku na duniya da aka yi amfani da su sosai waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga tsaron makamashi na duniya. Bab el-Mandeb Strait yana da nisan kilomita 26 (14 nautical miles) a mafi ƙanƙanta, yana iyakance zirga-zirgar tanki zuwa tashoshi biyu masu faɗin kilomita 2 don shigowa da fitarwa.

## manazarta