# Zazzabin Rawaya

|  Mukala mai kyau |
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| Zazzabin Rawaya |
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| Description (en)  |
| Iri |
primary bacterial infectious disease (en) , anthroponotic disease (en) , cuta pandemic and epidemic-prone diseases (en)  |
| Field of study (en)  |
Cututtukan cututtuka (ƙwarewar kiwon lafiya) |
| Sanadi |
Salmonella enterica (mul)  |
| Symptoms and signs (en)  |
continuous fever (en) , Rashin karfi, ciwon kai, constipation (en) , rash (en) , bradycardia (en) , pallor (en) , gastrointestinal bleeding (en) , intestinal perforation (en) , insomnia (en) , abdominal distention (en) , confusion of consciousness (en) , delusion (en) , hepatomegaly (en) , Sifa, prostration (en) , diarrhea leukopenia (en)  |
| Physical examination (en)  |
physical examination (en) , complete blood count (en) , Widal test (en) , ELISA (en) , microbiological culture (en)  polymerase chain reaction (en)  |
| Medical treatment (en)  |
| Magani |
ciprofloxacin (en) , DL-ofloxacin (en) , pefloxacin (en) , azithromycin (en) , cefixime (en) , Amoxicillin, ceftriaxone (en) , cefotaxime (en) , ampicillin (en) , aztreonam (en) , imipen (en) , gatifloxacin (en)  da levofloxacin (en)  |
| Identifier (en)  |
| ICD-10-CM |
A01.0 da A01.00 |
| ICD-9-CM |
002.0 |
| ICD-10 |
A01.001.0 |
| ICD-9 |
002002 |
| DiseasesDB |
27829 |
| MedlinePlus |
001332 |
| eMedicine |
001332 |
| MeSH |
D014435 |
| Disease Ontology ID |
DOID:13258 |

Tabo

Hutun Zazzabin typhoid
**Zazzabin typhoid**, shine akafi sani da **typhoid**, cuta ce da k'wayoyin cutar *Salmonella* serotype Typhi ke haifarwa. Alamun sun bambanta daga wanda ze fara mai sauki zuwa mai tsanani, kuma yawanci suna farawa kwanaki shida zuwa 30 bayan kamuwa da k'wayar cutar. Sau da yawa a hankali, a hankali zazzaɓi mai tsanani yakan tashi bayan wasu kwanaki da yawa. Amma a wanna lokacin, yakan zo ne tare da rauni, ciwon ciki, cushewar ciki, ciwon kai, da amai marar tsanani. A Wasu mutane yakanzo masu da kurajen fata tare da tabo a jiki . A lokuta masu yawa, mutane na iya samun rudani. Idan ba'a yi magani ba, cutar na iya wuce makonni ko watanni. Zawo na iya zama mai tsanani, amma ba a cika samun hakan ba. Wasu mutane na iya zama ɗauke da kwayar cutar ba tare da ta saka su rashin lapiya ba , amma har kuma suna iya yada cutar ma wasu. Zazzabin Typhoid nau'in zazzabi ne na ciki, tare da zazzabin paratyphoid . An yi imanin *S. enterica* Typhi tana sa rashin lapiya ne a cikin mutane kawai.

.

Ana samun cutar Typhoid ta hanyar kwayar cutar *Salmonella enterica* subsp. *enterica* serovar Typhi, wadda take girma a cikin hanji, peyers faci, mesenteric lymph nodes, saifa, hanta, gallbladder, kasusuwa da jini . tyhoid tana yaduwa ne ta hanyar ci ko shan abinci ko ruwan da ya gurbace da najasar mai kwayar cutar. Abubuwan da zasu iya saka ka samu cutar sun haɗa da karancin samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha da rashin tsafta . Wadanda har yanzu ba su kamu da cutar ba kuma suka ci gurbacewar ruwan sha ko abinci sun fi fuskantar hadarin kamuwa da alamun cutar. Mutane ne kawai za su iya kamuwa da cutar; babu sanannun dabbobi da zasu iya kamuwa. Anayin binciken ganeta ne ta hanyar shuka kwayoyin cutar daga samfurin marar lapiya ko kuma gano garkuwar jiki wadanda jiki ya samar ta dalilin cutar. . Bada jimaw ba, sabbin manhajojin daukar bayanai da kuma yin bincike suna ba masu bincike damar kirkiro wasu sabbin hanyoyin gano cutar. Wannan ya hada da sauyawar kwayoyin dake cikin jini wadan da zasu iya nuna kwayar cutar typhoid.

Na'urorin bincike a wuraren da typhoid ta zama ruwan dare sunada karanci sannan kuma ingancinsu a wurin bincike yayi karanci, yawan lokacinda ake bukata wurin bincike, karuwar yaduwar jurewar magungunan kwayoyin cuta, da kuma tsadar awo, suna daga cikin wahalaolin da ake samu inda babu isassun kayan aiki da ma'aikata na kula da lafiya.

Alurar rigakafin typhoid na iya hana kusan kashi 40 zuwa 90% na lokuta a cikin shekaru biyu na farko. Maganin na iya yin ɗan tasiri har zuwa shekaru bakwai. Ga waɗanda ke cikin hadari ko kuma mutanen da ke tafiya zuwa wuraren da cutar ta zama ruwan dare, ana ba da shawarar yin rigakafi. Sauran kokarin da ake na rigakafin cutar sun hada da samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha da tsaftar muhalli da kuma wanke hannu . Har sai an tabbatar da cewa mutum ya warke, mai cutar bai kamata ya shirya abinci ga wasu ba. Ana yin maganin taifot da maganin kamar azithromycin, fluoroquinolones, ko cephalosporins na ƙarni na uku . kwayar cutar typhoid tana bijirewa magunguna , wanda ya sa maganinta yaketa kara wahala. A cikin 2015, an sami sabbin cututtukan typhoid miliyan 12.5. Cutar ta fi kamari a Indiya. tafi shafar yara. Typhoid ya ragu a kasashen da suka ci gaba a cikin 1940s sakamakon ingantacciyar tsafta da kuma amfani da maganin rigakafi. . A kowace shekara ana ba da rahoton cutar kusan 400 a Amurka kuma an kiyasta mutane 6,000 suna da taifot. A cikin 2015, ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 149,000 a duk duniya - ƙasa daga 181,000 a 1990. Idan ba tare da magani ba, haɗarin mutuwa zai iya kaiwa kashi 20%. Idan kuma anyi magani, yana iya kaiwa tsakanin 1% da 4%. . Typhus cuta ce daban. Saboda irin alamun bayyanar su, ba a gane su a matsayin cututtuka daban-daban har zuwa 1800s. "Typhoid" na nufin "kamar typhus"..

## Alamomin cuta

A bayyanance, ci gaban zazzabin typhoid ba tare da magani ba yana da matakai daban-daban guda uku, kowanne yana daukar kusan mako guda. A tsawon wadannan matakan, marar lapiya ze rika fama da gajiya da kuma ya yi rama

* A cikin satin farko zafin jiki ze rika karuwa a hankali, kuma za aya rika samun zazzabi mai zuwa yana dawowa. Bugun zuciya zaya rika raguwa, ciwon kai, da tari. marar lapiya ze iya samun habo a kashi daya bisa hudun na mararsa lafiya. tare da ciwon ciki. Ragu adadin kwayar halittar garkuwar jiki,tare da eosinopenia da lymphocytosis; Idan anyi Gwaji na shuka kwayoyin cuta za'a iya samun *S. enterica* subsp. Cutar sankarau. Gwajin Widal baya nunawa.
* A cikin mako na biyu, mutum yakan ji gajiya sosai wurin tashi, tare da zazzabi mai zafi a Filato kusan 40 °C (104 °F) da ragewar bugun gaba. Rudani yakan iya faruwa, inda marar lafia yakan kwantar da hankalina , amma bayan dan wani lokacin se kuma yasamu rudani. Wannan halaccin ya sanyawa typhoid lakabin "zazzabin fargaba". jajayen kuraje zasu iya fitar ma marar lafiya kirji da ciki a kusan kashi uku na marasa lafiya. Ana jin (sautin numfashi) a wurin huhu. Ciki yana zazzalowa zuwa bangarn dama na kasa. kuma yana jin zafi a cikin kananan kwata na dama, kuma za a iya jin sautin ruri. Zawo na iya faruwa a wannan mataki, sannan da cushewar ciki. Hanta da sefa zasuyi girma sannan zasuyi taushi., sinadaran transaminases na hanta zasu karu. Gwajin Widal yana da inganci mai ƙarfi, wanda akayi da ƙwayoyin rigakafin antin O da antin H. Shuka kwayoyin cuta acikin jini har yanzu hanyar gwaji ce mai inganci.
* A cikin mako na uku na zazzabin typhoid, matsaloli da yawa na iya faruwa:

Har yanzu zazzabin yana da yawa kuma yana hawa ya sauka a cikin awa ashirin da hudu(24). Rashin ruwan jiki yana faruwa tare da rashin koshi na abinci mai gina jiki, kuma mai haƙuri yana jin dadi. Kashi uku na mutanen da abin ya shafa suna samun kuraje a gangar jikii.

## a

* Zubar da jini CIKI hanji saboda zubar jini a cikin Peyer's faci. ; wannan na iya zama mai tsanani, amma yawanci baya kawo mutuwa.
* Ciwon hanji a cikin janji mai na kasa yana da matukar tsananta kuma sau da yawa yana iya kawo mutuwa. Yana iya faruwa ba tare da alamu masu ban tsoro ba har sai kwayoyin cuta sun shiga acikin jini. ko yaduwa peritonitis ya shiga.

* Cututtukan numfashi kamar su ciwon huhu da mashako mai tsanani

* Encephalitis
* Alamun ciwon jijiyoyi (wanda aka kwatanta da "muttering delirium" ko "coma vigil"), tare da daukar tufafin gado ko abubuwan da aka sani.
* Metastatic abscesses, cholecystitis, endocarditis, osteitis .
* Ana ganin kananan adadin platelet ( thrombocytopenia ) wani lokaci.

## Manazarta