# Kashi

| Kashi |
| --- |
| biogenic substance type (en)  da class of anatomical entity (en)  |
|  |
| Bayanai |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | portion of solid body substance (en) , excrement (en)  da particular anatomical entity (en)  |
| Amfani | manure (en)  da dry animal dung fuel (en)  |
| Karatun ta |
biology |

**Kashk**, **kishk**, ( Persian *Kašk*, Turkish ), ( Sorani Kurdish ) **qurat**, **qurt**, **kurut**, **kurt**, **qqet**, **jameed**, **shilanch** ( Tuvan and Kyrgyz , Kazakh , Turkish , Turkmen , Azabaijan da Uzbek , Tajik: ƙурут, Persian ), **chortan** ( Armenian *chort'an* ), **aaruul** ko **khuruud** ( Mongolian : *ааруул* ko *хурууд* ) nau'ikan kayayyakin kiwo ne da suka shahara a abincin Iran, abincin Caucasian, da abincin Asiya ta Tsakiya . Ana yin Kashk ne daga yogurt da aka tace, ana tace madarar shanu (musamman, ana tace qatiq ) ko kuma ana tace madarar tsami ta hanyar siffanta shi sannan a bar shi ya bushe. Ana iya yin sa ta hanyoyi daban-daban: ana naɗe shi a cikin ƙwallo, a yanka shi a yanka, sannan a yi shi a gunduwa-gunduwa.

Akwai manyan nau'ikan abinci guda uku masu wannan suna: abinci da aka yi da madara mai laushi kamar yogurt ko cuku ; abinci da aka yi da miyar sha'ir, burodi, ko gari; da abinci da aka yi da hatsi da aka haɗa da madara mai laushi.

Busashen ƙwallan yogurt na Armeniya (choratan).jpg
## Asalin Ma'anar

Daga Farisanci na Tsakiya (kšk' / kašk), ana tsammanin ya fito ne daga (hwš- / hōš-, "bushe") dangane da tsarin fermentation wanda ya ƙunshi bushewa a ƙarƙashin rana, An ba da kalmar ga harsuna da yawa ciki har da Larabci, Syriac, Turkish, Azerbaijan da sauransu da yawa.

A cikin harsunan Turkawa, ana kiransa da qurut/kurut. Qurut ya samo asali ne daga kalmar fi'ili ta Turkic *quru-t* ('don yin busasshe').

A cikin Armeniya - chortan ( *chor* yana nufin "bushewa", yayin da *tan* shine madarar shanu, ragowar ruwan da aka samu daga yin man shanu).

## Bayani

Kwallan Kashk a Chorsu Bazaar, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Tsarin *kashk* na da, wato porridge na hatsi da aka jika da whey sannan aka busar da shi a rana. Tsawon lokacin da *kashk* ke ɗauka da kuma darajar abinci mai gina jiki ya sa ya zama abu mai amfani ga manoma a lokacin hunturu, da kuma sojoji da matafiya. *Kashk* shine asalin *tarhana* da ake samu a cikin abincin zamani na Turkiyya da Girka, inda ake kiransa *trachanas* ( τραχανάς ).

*Kashk* na zamani yawanci abinci ne na busasshen madarar madara wanda za a iya niƙa shi a mayar da shi manna da ruwa. Ana iya amfani da wannan foda mai kauri don yin kauri da miya da kuma inganta ɗanɗanon su, ko kuma a matsayin sinadari a cikin nau'ikan nama, shinkafa ko kayan lambu. Busarwa yana ba da damar tsawon rayuwar samfurin.

Kashk kuma shine babban abincin da ake ci a Iran wanda aka fi sani da kashk-e bademjan .

## Kashk a cikin harsuna daban-daban da al'adu

Ana iya samun kayayyakin kiwo na Kashk a cikin abincin Iran, Tajikistan, Iraki, Siriya, Masar, da Caucasus . [1] [2] [3] A wasu harsuna ana kiransa kashk ko kishkh, ( Persian , Tajik , Arabic , Kurdish , Turkish ), qurut a wasu ( Tajik , Kazakh , Turkish , Turkmen , Uzbek , Kyrgyz , Pashto , Shor , Khakas Akwai sunaye daban-daban na wannan nau'in abinci, ciki har da jameed ( Arabic ) ), chortan ( Armenian ) da aaruul, khurud ( Mongolian ) An ambaci Chortan a cikin waƙar Armeniya ta ƙarni na 19 mai suna Daredevils of Sassoun, wadda aka ce ta dogara ne akan al'adar baka ta ƙarni na 8. [4] [5]

A cewar Francoise Aubaile-Sallenave, farkon wanda aka sani da amfani da kalmar a adabi ya fito ne daga masanin tarihin Armeniya Yeghishe . An kuma ambaci kalmar Kashk a cikin rubutun Farisa ta Tsakiya *Xusraw ud rēdag* a cikin siffa mai suna: *ārd ī kaškēn.* *Shahnameh* na Farisa na ƙarni na 10 ("Littafin Sarakuna") ta Firdausi ana amfani da kalmar a ma'anar "garin sha'ir", amma kuma ana amfani da ita don cakuda alkama da aka fasa da sha'ir. Aubaile-Sallenave ya yi jayayya cewa asalin *kashk* na Farisa da aka sani daga farkon adabin Farisa an yi shi da sha'ir wanda ke ɗauke da cakuda yisti da ruwa ko kuma wani madarar da aka yi da aka yi da madara. Don amsa tambayoyi game da ma'anar zamani a Iran don abincin kiwo da aka busar, ta yi jayayya, "masu kiwo na Iran, waɗanda suka yi amfani da madarar tsami da aka busar a gare su, kuma waɗanda ba su da sauƙin samun sha'ir, sun yi amfani da kalmar *kashk* ta hanyar kwatanta da madarar tsami da aka busar". Charles Perry ya bayar da wani bayani daban dangane da littafin girke-girke na Larabci na ƙarni na 13 *Wasf al-Atimah al-Mutadah* wanda ya ce busasshen yogurt *kashk* ne irin na Turkomen .

Wani littafin girke-girke na Larabci na ƙarni na 10 ya bayyana nau'ikan *kashk* guda biyu, ɗaya da aka yi da alkama da yisti da kuma ɗayan da madara mai tsami. A zamanin Tsakiyar Zamani kalmar tana da ma'anoni guda biyu, ɗaya tana nufin garin sha'ir ko cakuda sha'ir da alkama da aka fasa, ɗayan kuma tana nufin abincin nama ko kaza da aka dafa cikin dare ( *kashak* ko kashba).

## Manazarta