Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# Korsika

| Korsika |
| --- |
| Corsica (co) |
|  |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |
| Flag of Corsica (en)   |   |

 |
|  |
|  |
|

---

 |
| Wuri |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |
|  ﻿ / ﻿ |

 |
|  |
|  |
| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Faransa |
| Administrative territorial entity of France (en)  | metropolitan France (en)  |
|  |
|  |
|

---

 |
| Babban birni | Ajaccio (mul)  |
| Yawan mutane |
| Faɗi |
355,486 (2023) |
| • Yawan mutane |
40.95 mazaunan/km² |
| Harshen gwamnati |
Faransanci |
| Labarin ƙasa |
| Bangare na | Southern defence and security zone (en)  |
| Yawan fili |
8,680 km² |
| Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku |
Bahar Rum |
| Wuri mafi tsayi | Monte Cinto (en)  (2,706 m) |
| Bayanan tarihi |
| Ƙirƙira |
11 ga Janairu, 1970 |
| Patron saint (en)  | Devota (en)  |
| Tsarin Siyasa |
| Majalisar zartarwa | Executive Council of Corsica (en)  |
| Gangar majalisa | Assembly of Corsica (en)  |
| • Gwamna | Gilles Simeoni (en)  (2015) |
| Bayanan Tuntuɓa |
| Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci | UTC+01:00 UTC+02:00 (mul)  |
|  |
| Lamba ta ISO 3166-2 |
FR-20R, FR-H da FR-COR |
| NUTS code |
FR83 |
| INSEE region code (en)  |
94 |
|  |
| Wasu abun |
|

---

 |
| Yanar gizo |
isula.corsica |
|       |

Tutar Korsika.
Taswirar Korsika.
**Korsika** ko **Corsica** (lafazi: /korsika/) tsibiri ne, da ke a Tequn Yammanci. Bangaren Faransa ne. Tana samuwa a kudu maso gabas a ainihin vangaren Farasanci a kuma yammancin Tekun Italiya. Tana da filin marubba’in kilomita 8,680 da yawan mutane 330,000.
# Tsibirin Kanariyas

| Tsibirin Kanariyas |
| --- |
| Islas Canarias (es) |
|  |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |
| Flag of the Canary Islands (en)   | Coat of arms of Canary Islands (en)   |

 |
|  |
|  |
|

---

 |
| Take | *Himno de Canarias (en)*  (28 ga Afirilu, 2003) |
|

---

 |
| Wuri |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |
|  ﻿ / ﻿ |

 |
|  |
|  |
| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Ispaniya |
|  |
|  |
|

---

 |
| Babban birni | Santa Cruz de Tenerife (en)  da Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (en)  |
| Yawan mutane |
| Faɗi |
2,228,862 (2024) |
| • Yawan mutane |
299.3 mazaunan/km² |
| Harshen gwamnati |
Yaren Sifen |
| Labarin ƙasa |
| Bangare na | Extrapeninsular Spain (en)  |
| Yawan fili |
7,447 km² |
| Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku |
Tekun Atalanta |
| Wuri mafi tsayi | Teide (en)  (3,715 m) |
| Wuri mafi ƙasa | North Atlantic Ocean (en)  (0 m) |
| Bayanan tarihi |
| Mabiyi | Province of Canary Islands (en)  |
| Ƙirƙira |
10 ga Augusta, 1982 |
| Tsarin Siyasa |
| Gangar majalisa | Canarian Parliament (en)  |
| • Gwamna | Ángel Víctor Torres Pérez (en)  |
| Ikonomi |
| Kuɗi | euro (mul)  |
| Bayanan Tuntuɓa |
| Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci | UTC±00:00 (en)  UTC+01:00 Atlantic/Canary (en)  |
|  |
| Lambar ƙasa |
no value |
| Lamba ta ISO 3166-2 |
ES-CN |
| NUTS code |
ES7 |
|  |
| Wasu abun |
|

---

 |
| Yanar gizo |
gobiernodecanarias.org |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Wannan mukalar bata da Reference (Manazarta) ko daya, ka taimaka ta hanyar samar da Manazarta daga littafi ko yanar gizo, duba wannan shafin domin samun masaniya akan yanda zaka samar da Reference (Manazarta) a cikin wannan mukalar.
 .  |

**Tsibirin Kanariyas,** (da Ispaniyanci: **Canarias**) tarin tsibirai ne, da ke a Tekun Atalanta, a ƙasar Ispaniya.

## Hotuna

* Villa de Valverde
* File:Santa Ana Cathedral
* Torre del Conde, San Sebastián de la Gomera, La Gomera, España, 2012-12-14
* Iglesia de la Concepción, Villa de Valverde, El Hierro, Canarias, España

*Wannan Muƙalar **guntuwa** ce: tana buƙatar a inganta ta, kuna iya gyara ta.*
## Manazarta
# Tsibirin Ascension

| Tsibirin Ascension |
| --- |
|  |
| General information |
| Height above mean sea level (en)  |
345 m |
| Tsawo |
14 km |
| Fadi |
12 km |
| Yawan fili |
88 km² |
| Suna bayan |
Feast of the Ascension (en)  |
| Labarin ƙasa |
|  |
| Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Kasa |
realm of the United Kingdom (en)  |
| Territory |
Ascension (en)  |
| Flanked by |
Tekun Atalanta |
| Hydrography (en)  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Ka duba wannan shafin domin sanin yanda zaka gyara wannan mukalar Koyon rubuta mukala
 Akwai yuwar admin ya goge wannan shafin matukar ba'a inganta ta ba.  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Wannan mukalar bata da Reference (Manazarta) ko daya, ka taimaka ta hanyar samar da Manazarta daga littafi ko yanar gizo, duba wannan shafin domin samun masaniya akan yanda zaka samar da Reference (Manazarta) a cikin wannan mukalar.
 .  |

**Tsibirin Ascension** tsibiri ne kebe mai aman wuta, 7°56′ kudu da Equator a Kudancin Tekun Atlantika. Yana da nisan mil 1,000 (kilomita 1,600) daga gabar tekun Afirka da mil 1,400 (kilomita 2,300) daga gabar tekun Kudancin Amurka. Ana gudanar da ita a matsayin wani yanki na Yankin Yammacin Burtaniya na Saint Helena, Hawan Yesu zuwa sama da Tristan da Cunha, 4 wanda babban tsibiri, Saint Helena, ke da nisan mil 800 (kilomita 1,300) zuwa kudu maso gabas. Yankin ya kuma hada da tsibiran Tristan da Cunha da ba su da yawa, mil 2,300 (kilomita 3,700) zuwa kudu, kusan rabin hanyar Antarctic Circle

## Al'ada

Akwai kungiyoyin Scouting da Jagora akan Saint Helena da Tsibirin Hawan Hawan Sama. An kafa Scouting a Tsibirin Hawan Hawan Sama a cikin Nuwamba 1973, bayan an kafa shi a tsibirin St Helena a cikin 1912.

The Islander jarida ne na mako-mako da ake gyarawa, bugawa da rarrabawa a tsibirin. An buga shi tun 1971. Ana samunsa akan layi.

Turanci shine harshen hukuma.

## Manazarta
# Kwan fitila

| Kwan fitila |
| --- |
| plant structure (en)  |
|  |
| Bayanai |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | storage organ (en)  |

Tushen ganyen kwan fitila, wanda kuma aka sani da Sikeli, gabaɗaya baya tallafawa ganyaye, amma suna ɗauke da tanadin abinci don baiwa shukar damar tsira daga yanayi mara kyau. A tsakiyar kwan fitila akwai wurin tsiro ciyayi ko furen furen da ba a faɗaɗa ba. Tushen yana samuwa ta hanyar raguwa mai raguwa, kuma ci gaban shuka yana faruwa daga wannan farantin basal. Tushen suna fitowa daga ƙasan gindin, da kuma sabon mai tushe da ganye daga gefen babba. Tushen fitilu suna da busassun ma'auni na waje masu kama da juna waɗanda ke kare ci gaba da lamina na ma'aunin jiki.[1] Irin nau'ikan allium, Hippeastrum, Narcissus, da Tulipa duk suna da kwararan fitila. Tugunan da ba su da tushe, irin su Lilium da nau'in Fritillaria, ba su da rigar kariya kuma suna da ma'auni.

## Manazarta
# Anatomy

| Anatomy |
| --- |
| branch of biology (en)  da academic discipline (en)  |
|  |
| Bayanai |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
biology |
| Bangare na |
biology da medicine (en)  |
| Is the study of (en)  | anatomical structure (en)  |
| Tarihin maudu'i | history of anatomy (en)  |
| Gudanarwan | anatomist (en)  |
| Hannun riga da | pseudoanatomy (en)  |

  Ɗaya daga cikin manyan, cikakkun bayanai a cikin Andreas Vesalius 's *De humani corporis fabrica* na karni na 16, alamar sake haifuwar jikin mutum.
**Anatomy** (daga ancient Greek ἀνατομή) shine reshe na ilmin halitta wanda ya shafi nazarin tsarin kwayoyin halitta da sassansu. Anatomy wani reshe ne na kimiyyar halitta wanda ke magana da tsarin abubuwa masu rai. Tsohon kimiyya ne, yana da farkonsa a zamanin da. Anatomy a zahiri yana da alaƙa da ilimin halitta na haɓaka, ilimin embryology, kwatancen jikin mutum, ilimin juyin halitta, da phylogeny, kamar yadda waɗannan su ne hanyoyin da ake samar da jikin mutum, duka a kan ma'auni na kai tsaye da na dogon lokaci. Anatomy da Physiology, waɗanda ke nazarin tsari da aikin kwayoyin halitta da sassansu, suna yin nau'i-nau'i na dabi'a na nau'i-nau'i masu dangantaka, kuma sau da yawa ana nazarin su tare. Jikin dan Adam yana daya daga cikin muhimman ilimomi na asali wadanda ake amfani da su a fannin likitanci.

Anatomy
An raba horon ilimin jiki zuwa macroscopic da microscopic. Macroscopic anatomy, ko gross anatomy, shine gwajin sassan jikin dabba ta amfani da idanu marasa taimako. Gross anatomy kuma ya haɗa da reshe na jiki. Microscopic ƙwayar cuta ce ta haɗa da amfani da kayan aikin gani a cikin nazarin kyallen takarda na sassa daban-daban, wanda aka sani da histology, da kuma a cikin nazarin kwayoyin halitta.

Tarihin halittar jiki yana da alaƙa da fahimtar ci gaba na ayyukan gabobin jiki da tsarin jikin ɗan adam. Har ila yau, hanyoyin sun inganta sosai, suna ci gaba daga gwajin dabbobi ta hanyar rarraba mushe da gawawwaki (gawawwaki) zuwa fasahar hoton likita na karni na 20, ciki har da X-ray, duban dan tayi, da kuma hoton maganadisu.

## Manazarta

 Wani tarwatsewar jiki, kwance akan teburi, na Charles Landseer
# Ecology

| ecology |
| --- |
| academic discipline (en) , branch of biology (en) , field of study (en)  da field of study (education) (en)  |
|  |
| Bayanai |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | ecology and evolutionary biology (en)  |
| Is the study of (en)  | ecological concept (en)  da ecosystem (en)  |
| Tarihin maudu'i | history of ecology (en)  |
| Gudanarwan | ecologist (en)  |

**Ecology** shine nazarin alakar da ke tsakanin rayayyun halittu, game da mutane, da muhallinsu na zahiri. Ecology yana la'akari da kwayoyin halitta a daidaikun mutane, yawan jama'a, al'umma, yanayin muhalli, da matakin halittu. Ecology ya zo tare da ilimin kimiyya masu alaƙa na biogeography, ilmin juyin halitta, kwayoyin halitta, ilimin halitta, da tarihin halitta. Ecology reshe ne na ilmin halitta, kuma bai dace da muhalli ba.

Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, na ilimin halittu shine nazarin:

* Yawaita, biomass, da rarraba kwayoyin halitta a cikin mahallin yanayi
* Tsarin rayuwa, antifragility, hulɗa, da daidaitawa
* Motsi na kayan aiki da makamashi ta hanyar al'ummomin rayuwa
* Ci gaban tsarin muhalli na jere
* Haɗin kai, gasa, da tsinkaya a ciki da tsakanin nau'ikan
* EcologySiffofin rarrabuwar halittu da tasirin sa akan tafiyar da tsarin halittu

Ecology yana da aikace-aikacen aikace-aikace a cikin ilimin halitta na kiyayewa, sarrafa ƙasa mai laushi, sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa (agroecology, noma, gandun daji, aikin gona, kamun kifi, ma'adinai, yawon buɗe ido), tsara birane (ilimin Urban ecology), lafiyar al'umma, tattalin arziƙi, asali da kimiyyar aiki, da zamantakewar ɗan adam mu'amala (yanayin halittu).

Kalmar *ilimin halitta* (German Masanin kimiyyar Jamus Ernst Haeckel ne ya kirkiro shi a cikin shekarar 1866. Kimiyyar halittu kamar yadda muka sani a yau ta fara ne da gungun masana ilimin halittu na Amurka a cikin shekarar 1890s. Ka'idodin juyin halitta masu alaƙa da daidaitawa da zaɓin yanayi sune ginshiƙan ka'idar muhalli ta zamani.

Ecology
Tsarin halittu suna mu'amala da tsarin kwayoyin halitta, al'ummomin da suka kafa, da kuma abubuwan da ba su da rai (abiotic) na muhallinsu. Tsarin halittu, irin su samar da farko, nutrient cycling , da niche construction, suna tsara jigilar makamashi da kwayoyin halitta ta hanyar yanayi. Tsarin halittu suna da hanyoyin mayar da martani na biophysical waɗanda ke daidaita matakan aiki akan rayuwa (biotic) da sassan halittu na duniya. Tsarin halittu yana ci gaba da ayyukan tallafawa rayuwa kuma suna ba da sabis na tsarin halittu kamar samar da halittu (abinci, man fetur, fiber, da magani), ƙa'idodin yanayi, kewayawar biochemical na duniya, tace ruwa, samuwar ƙasa, sarrafa yashwa, kariyar ambaliya, da sauran fasalulluka masu yawa. na kimiyya, tarihi, tattalin arziki, ko na asali.

## Manazarta
# Zamanin Tsakiya

| Zamanin Tsakiya |
| --- |
| age (en)  da historical period (en)  |
|  |
| Bayanai |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | cultural movement (en)  |
| Fuskar |
Tarihi |
| Mabiyi | ancient history (en)  da late antiquity (en)  |
| Ta biyo baya |
Renaissance, early modern period (en)  da Age of Discovery |
| Lokacin farawa |
476 |
| Lokacin gamawa |
1500s, 1520, 1492, 1453 da 1517 |
| Karatun ta | medieval studies (en) , medieval history (en)  da medieval archaeology (en)  |
| WordLift URL (en)  |
 |
| Subject named as (en)  |
Mittelalter |
| Wuri |
|

|  |
| --- |
|  |
|  ﻿ / ﻿ |

 |

A cikin Tarihin Turai, 'Zamanin tsakiya' ko lokacin tsakiya ya kasance kusan daga ƙarni na 5 zuwa ƙarshen ƙarni na 15, kamar yadda ya faru bayan Tarihin tsohuwar duniya. zamanin ya fara ne tare da faduwar Daular Romawa ta Yamma kuma ya koma cikin Renaissance da zamanin bincike-bincike. Zamanin Tsakiya shine tsakiyar lokacin rarrabuwar gargajiya guda uku na tarihin Yamma: Tsohon zamani, zamanin Tsakiya, da zamanin yanzu. Lokacin zamani na tsakiya shima an rabashi zuwa Farko, tsakiya, da ƙarshen tsakiyar zamanai.

*Wannan Muƙalar **guntuwa** ce: tana buƙatar a inganta ta, kuna iya gyara ta.*
## Manazarta
# Zamanin Haskakawa

| Zamanin Haskakawa |
| --- |
| cultural movement (en)  |
| Bayanai |
| Mabiyi | Classicism (en)  da Grand Siècle (en)  |
| Ta biyo baya |
Romanticism da French Romanticism (en)  |
| Lokacin farawa |
17 century |
| Lokacin gamawa |
19 century |
| Influenced by (en)  | renaissance humanism (en)  da Scientific Revolution (en)  |
| Hannun riga da | disenlightenment (en)  |
| Subject named as (en)  |
Aufklärung |
| Wuri |
|

|  |
| --- |
|  |
|  ﻿ / ﻿ |

 |

**Shekarun Haske,** (wanda kuma aka sani da Shekarun nazari da kuma haske) wani yunkuri ne na ilimi da falsafa wanda ya faru a Turai a cikin ƙarni na 17 da 18. Hasken ilimi ta ƙunshi ra'ayoyi masu yawa na zamantakewa waɗanda ke da alaƙa da darajar ilimin da aka koya ta hanyar tunani da kuma kwarewa da manufofin siyasa kamar dokar halitta, 'yanci, da ci gaba, haƙuri da' yan uwantaka, kundin tsarin mulkin gwamnati, da rabuwa da coci da jihar.

Zamanin Haske ta riga ta wuce kuma ta mamaye Juyin Juya Halin Kimiyya da aikin Johannes Kepler, Galileo Galilei, Francis Bacon, Pierre Gassendi, da Isaac Newton, da sauransu, da kuma falsafar tunani na Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Leibniz, da John Locke. Wasu su nuna faruwar zamanin Haskakawa da wallafar René Descartes' “Discourse on the Method” a shekarar 1637, tare da hanyarsa ta rashin gaskata komai sai dai idan akwai kyakkyawan dalili don karɓar shi, kuma yana nuna sanannen maganarsa, Cogito, ergo sum ("Ina tsammanin, saboda haka ni ne"). Sauran sun ambaci wallafar na Isaac Newton's *Principia Mathematica* (1687) a matsayin ƙarshen juyin juya halin kimiyya da farkon haskakawa. Masana tarihi na Turai sun nuna cewa lokacin ya fara ne da mutuwar Louis na 14 na Faransa a 1715 da kuma karshen sa da barkewar Juyin Juya Halin Faransa a 1789. Yawancin masana tarihi yanzu sun nuna ƙarshen Haskakawa a matsayin farkon karni na 19, tare da sabuwar shekarar da aka gabatar ita ce mutuwar Immanuel Kant a cikin 1804. A zahiri, lokutan tarihi ba su da kwanakin farawa ko ƙarshe.
# Kwayar cutar Bakteriya

| Kwayar cutar Bakteriya |
| --- |
|  |
| Scientific classification |
|  |
| domain (en)  | **Bacteria** Woese & Kandler & Wheelis, 2024
 |
|  |
| General information |
| Rashin lafiya |
bacterial infectious disease (en)  |

Microscopic\_view\_of\_germ\_theory
**Bacteria,** guda daya: **bakterium** ) suna da yawa a ko'ina, kwayoyin halittu ne masu rai galibi suna kunshe da kwayar halitta guda daya. Suna cikin babban yanki na prokaryotic microorganisms . Yawancin girman micrometers kadan a a tsayi, ƙwayoyin cutar bakteriya cuta suna daga cikin sifofin rayuwa na farko da suka bayyana a duniya, kuma suna nan a yawancin wuraren zama. Bacteria suna zaune a cikin ƙasa, ruwa, maɓuɓɓugan zafi na acidi, sharar re, da zurfin ɓawon burodi na duniya . Kwayoyin cuta suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a matakai da yawa na sake zagayowar abinci mai gina jiki, ta hanyar sake amfani da abubuwan gina jiki da daidaituwar nitrogen acikin yanayi

## Asalin kalma

Kalmar *bakteriya* ita ce jam'i na *bacterium* Neo-Latin, wanda shine Latinization na tsohuwar Girkanci βακτήριον ( *baktḗrion* ), ƙarancin βακτηρία ( *baktēría* ), ma'ana "ma'aikata, gwangwani] na farko", wadanda za a gano sun kasance masu siffar sanda . Kakannin kwayoyin cutar bakteriya kwayoyin cutane masu cell guda daya, wadanda sune farkon nau'in rayuwa da suka bayyana a Duniya, kimanin  shekaru biliyan da suka gabata. Kusan shekaru biliyan 3, yawancin kwayoyin halitta sun kasance ƙanananƙwayoyin cuta, kuma kwayoyin cuta na archaea sune manyan nau'o'in rayuwa. Ko da yake akwai burbushin ƙwayoyin cuta, irin su stromatolites, rashin ilimin halittarsu na musamman ya hana a yi amfani da su don bincika tarihin juyin halittar ƙwayoyin cuta, ko kuma zuwa lokacin asalin wani nau'in kwayoyin cuta. Duk da haka, ana iya amfani da jerin kwayoyin halitta don sake gina wasu kwayoyin cutar, kuma waɗannan nazarin sun nuna cewa kwayoyin cuta sun fara bambanta daga zuriyar archaeal / eukaryotic.

## Manazarta
# Herbert Copeland

|  Herbert Copeland |
| --- |
| Rayuwa |
| Haihuwa |
Chicago, 21 Mayu 1902 |
| ƙasa |
Tarayyar Amurka |
| Mazauni |
Tarayyar Amurka |
| Mutuwa |
Oktoba 1968 |
| Ƴan uwa |
| Mahaifi |
Edwin Bingham Copeland |
| Sana'a |
| Sana'a |
botanist (en) , mycologist (en)  da naturalist (en)  |

**Herbert Copeland** (Mayu 21, 1902 – Oktoba 15, 1968). Ɗan kasar Amurka ne, masanin tsirrai wanda yabada gudunmawar sa a masaroutun hallittu wato, (Kundin) shine wada ya samar da masarauta ta hudu wato, Monera. A shekarar 1966, Hakkannan ya shigar da bakteriya dakuma daya daga cikin na farkon tarihin algea wanda aka fi sani da shudin koren algae, karkashin wannan rukunin na Monera.

## Tarihi

Mahifinsa shine Edwin Copeland wanda shima shine wanda ya samar da makarantar gona a jami' University of the Philippines Los Banos da kuma shugabn nazarin halittu marasa fure daalkarsu da tsirrai.

## Manazarta
# Pitcher Plant

| Pitcher Plant |
| --- |
| organisms known by a particular common name (en)  |

**Pitcher Plant**
Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire iri-iri iri-iri ne masu cin nama waɗanda suka canza ganye waɗanda aka sani da tarkon pitfall-wani hanyar kama ganima da ke nuna rami mai zurfi cike da ruwa mai narkewa. Tarko na abin da ake ɗauka a matsayin "gaskiya" tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna samuwa ta hanyar ganye na musamman. Tsire-tsire suna jan hankali kuma suna nutsar da ganima tare da nectar.
**Nau'ukan**
Kalmar "tushen shuka" gabaɗaya tana nufin membobin dangin Nepenthaceae da dangin Sarraceniaceae, amma irin wannan tarko na ruɗani ana amfani da su ta hanyar monotypic Cephalotaceae da wasu membobin Bromeliaceae. Iyalan Nepenthaceae da Sarraceniaceae sune mafi yawan nau'ikan iyalai masu wadata na tsire-tsire.
**Nepentaceae**
Nepenthaceae ya ƙunshi nau'in guda Dari daya. A cikin wannan nau'in tsire-tsire na Tsohuwar Duniya, ana ɗaukar tulun a ƙarshen ƙwanƙwasa waɗanda ke fitowa daga tsakiyar wani ganye mai ban mamaki. Tsohuwar tsire-tsire na duniya ana siffanta su da raguwar tulun da ke da siffa mai ma'ana tare da cikakkiyar suturar waxy a saman bangon tulu na ciki. Tsirrai da kansu sau da yawa hawa hawa ne, suna samun damar kololuwar mazauninsu ta hanyar amfani da ginshiƙan da aka ambata, kodayake ana samun wasu a ƙasa a cikin wuraren dazuzzuka, ko kuma a matsayin epiphytes akan bishiyoyi.

## Manazarta
# Zoology

| zoology |
| --- |
| branch of biology (en) , academic discipline (en) , academic major (en)  da field of work (en)  |
|  |
| Bayanai |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
biology |
| Bangare na |
biology |
| Gajeren suna | Zool. |
| Is the study of (en)  |
Dabba |
| Has characteristic (en)  | zoological nomenclature (en)  |
| Tarihin maudu'i | history of zoology (en)  |
| Gudanarwan | zoologist (en)  |
| Entry in abbreviations table (en)  |
Zool. da zoo. |

**Zoology** (/zoʊˈɒlədʒi/) reshe ne na ilmin halitta wanda ke nazarin daular dabbobi, game da tsari, ilimin mahaifa, juyin halitta, rarrabuwa, halaye, da rarraba duk dabbobi, duka masu rai da batattu. da kuma yadda suke mu'amala da muhallinsu. An samo kalmar daga Ancient greek ζῷον, *zōion* ('dabba'), da kuma λόγος , *logos* ('ilimi', 'nazari').

Ko da yake ’yan Adam sun kasance suna sha’awar tarihin dabi’ar dabbobin da suka gani a kusa da su, kuma sun yi amfani da wannan ilimin don yin gida da wasu nau’o’in halittu, ana iya cewa binciken ilimin dabbobi na yau da kullun ya samo asali ne daga Aristotle. Ya kalli dabbobi a matsayin rayayyun halittu, ya yi nazarin tsarinsu da ci gabansu, ya kuma yi la’akari da yadda suka saba da muhallinsu da aikin sassansu. Likitan Girka Galen ya yi nazarin ilimin halittar ɗan adam kuma ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan likitocin fiɗa a zamanin da, amma bayan faduwar daular Roma ta Yamma da kuma farkon tsakiyar zamanai, al'adar likitanci da binciken kimiyya na Girka sun koma raguwa a Yammacin Turai. Turai, ko da yake ta ci gaba a Medieval Islamic world. Zoology na zamani ya samo asali ne a lokacin Renaissance da farkon zamanin zamani, tare da Carl Linnaeus, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, Robert Hooke, Charles Darwin, Gregor Mendel da sauran su.

Zoology
Nazarin dabbobi ya ci gaba sosai don magance tsari da aiki, daidaitawa, dangantaka tsakanin ƙungiyoyi, hali da ilimin halittu. Zoology ya ƙara rarrabuwa zuwa fannoni kamar rarrabuwa, Physiology, Biochemistry da juyin halitta. Tare da gano tsarin DNA ta Francis Crick da James Watson a cikin shekarar 1953, duniyar kwayoyin halitta ta buɗe, wanda ya haifar da ci gaba a cikin ilimin sel na halitta, ilimin halitta na ci gaba da kwayoyin halitta.

## Manazarta
# Ilimin ɗan adam

| Ilimin ɗan adam |
| --- |
| academic discipline (en)  da academic major (en)  |
|  |
| Bayanai |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
Kimiyyar zamantakewa |
| Bangare na |
Kimiyyar zamantakewa |
| Suna a harshen gida | ἄνθρωπος |
| Is the study of (en)  | ɗan adamtaka |
| Tarihin maudu'i | history of anthropology (en)  |
| Gudanarwan | anthropologist (en)  |

Ilimin ɗan adam, shine **nazarin** kimiyya na ɗan adam, wanda ya shafi halayen ɗan adam, ilimin halittar ɗan adam, al'adu, al'ummomi, da ilimin harshe, a halin yanzu da na baya, gami da nau'ikan ɗan adam da suka gabata. Ilimin ɗan adam na zamantakewa yana nazarin yanayin ɗabi'a, yayin da ilimin halayyar ɗan adam yana nazarin ma'anar al'adu, gami da ƙa'idodi da ƙima. Kalmar portmanteau ana amfani da ilimin zamantakewar al'adun ɗan adam a yau. Ilimin ɗan adam na harshe yana nazarin yadda harshe ke tasiri rayuwar zamantakewa. Ilimin halitta ko ilimin halin ɗan adam yana nazarin ci gaban halittun ɗan adam.

Nazarin kimiyyar dan adam
Archaeological Anthropology, sau da yawa ana kiransa "anthropology na baya," yana nazarin ayyukan ɗan adam ta hanyar bincike na shaidar jiki. Ana kuma la'akari da shi a matsayin reshe na ilimin ɗan adam a Arewacin Amirka da Asiya, yayin da a Turai ana kallon ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi a matsayin horo a kansa ko kuma an haɗa shi a ƙarƙashin wasu nau'o'in da ke da alaƙa, irin su tarihi da ilmin lissafi.

## Asalin Kalma

Abstract suna *Anthropology* an fara tabbatar da shi dangane da tarihi. Amfaninsa na yanzu ya fara bayyana a cikin Renaissance Jamus a cikin ayyukan Magnus Hundt da Otto Casmann. Su New Latin **anthropologia** an samo shi daga haɗa nau'ikan kalmomin Helenanci *ánthrōpos* ( *Samfuri:Linktext* , " mutum") da kuma *logos* (*Samfuri:Linktext*, "nazari "). Siffar sifa ta bayyana a cikin ayyukan Aristotle. An fara amfani da shi a cikin harshen Ingilishi, maiyuwa ta hanyar **Anthropologie** na Faransa, a farkon ƙarni na 18.

## Manazarta
# Biotechnology

hoton mai kimiyar kan fanin abinchi
 Furen fure wanda ya fara azaman sel waɗanda ke girma a cikin tissue culture.
Masana binciken Biotechnology kenan
**Biotechnology** shine haɗewar kimiyyar halitta da kimiyyar injiniya don cimma aikace-aikacen kwayoyin halitta, sel, sassanta da kwatankwacin kwayoyin halitta da samfurori da ayyuka. Karoly Ereky ne ya fara amfani da kalmar fasahar binciken halittu a cikin shekarar 1919, ma'ana samar da kayayyaki daga albarkatun kasa tare da taimakon rayayyun halittu.

## Manazarta
# Sha'ir

| Sha'ir |
| --- |
|  |
| Scientific classification |
|  |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Order | Poales (mul)  |
| Dangi | Poaceae (mul)  |
| Tribe | Triticeae (mul)  |
| Genus | Hordeum (mul)  |
| jinsi  | **Hordeum vulgare** Linnaeus, 1753
 |
|  |
| General information |
| Tsatso | Hordei Fructus Germinatus (en) , Sha'ir, barley bran (en)  da Q15789710  |

gonar sha'ir
kwallon sha'ir
**Sha'ir** (*shà’ír*) (*Hordeum vulgare*) siril ne.

*Wannan Muƙalar **guntuwa** ce: tana buƙatar a inganta ta, kuna iya gyara ta.*
## Manazarta