# Yanayin yanayi na Seychelles

Seychelles wata karamar tsibiri ce a gabashin nahiyar Afirka da ke cikin Tekun Zanj a arewacin Madagascar, tare da Antsiranana a matsayin birni mafi kusa da ketare.  Seychelles tana tsakanin kusan 4ºS da 10ºS da 46ºE da 54ºE.  Al'ummar tsibiri ce mai tsibiran wurare masu zafi 155, wasu granite da wasu murjani, yawancinsu kanana ne kuma ba kowa.  Fadin kasa ya kai murabba'in kilomita 452 (sq mi) amma tsibiran sun bazu a kan keɓantaccen yanki na tattalin arziki mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 1,336,559 (516,048 sq mi).  Kusan kashi 90 cikin 100 na al'ummar 100,000 suna zaune a Mahé, kashi 9 cikin 100 a Praslin da La Digue.  Kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na yankin shine tsibirin Mahe da ƙarin kashi uku na adadin Aldabra.

Akwai yankuna biyu daban-daban, tsibirin dutse, tsibirin teku kawai na dutse na dutse da tsibirin coralline na waje. Tsibirin dutse sune tsibirai mafi tsufa a duniya, yayin da tsibirai na waje galibi matasa ne, kodayake ƙungiyar Aldabra da St Pierre (Farquhar Group) ba su da kyau, tsibirai masu tasowa waɗanda suka fito kuma suka nutse sau da yawa a cikin tarihin su, mafi yawan nutsewa daga kimanin shekaru 125,000 da suka gabata

## Yanayin jiki

The archipelago consists of 155 islands and thirty prominent rock formations scattered throughout a self-proclaimed exclusive economic zone of more than 1,350,000 square kilometres (520,000 sq mi) of ocean. Some forty islands are granitic and lie in a 90 kilometres (56 mi) radius from Mahé, the main island. The remaining islands are coralline, stretching over a 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) radius from Ile Aux Vaches in the northeast to the Aldabra Atoll in the southwest. The country's Inner Islands are the granitic islands plus two nearby coralline islands, Bird Island and Denis Island. The remaining coralline islands are the Outer Islands. The islands are all small—the aggregate land area is only 455 square kilometres (176 sq mi).

Mahé is 25 kilometres (16 mi) long and no more than 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) wide, with an area of 156.7 square kilometres (61 sq mi). It contains the capital and only city, Victoria, an excellent port. Victoria lies approximately 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) east of Mombasa, Kenya; 2,800 kilometres (1,700 mi) southwest of Mumbai; 1,700 kilometres (1,100 mi) north of Mauritius; and 920 kilometres (570 mi) northeast of Madagascar. The only other important islands by virtue of their size and population are Praslin and La Digue, situated about thirty kilometers to the northeast of Mahé.

An kafa tsibirin dutse a kan wani yanki da ya rabu da farantin nahiyar Indiya a lokacin Palaeocene kimanin shekaru miliyan 66 da suka gabata yayin fashewar babban nahiyar Gondwana. Wannan rabuwar tana da alaƙa da aikin dutsen wuta wanda ya gina Mascarene Plateau . Wadannan tsibirai na dutse suna da halayen tsaunuka da duwatsu masu tsawo har zuwa mita 940 (3,080 da ke tashi kwatsam daga teku. A wani wuri kuma, ƙananan filayen bakin teku sun kai ga gindin tuddai. Ana samun coral reefs da suka bunkasa sosai galibi a gabar gabas saboda iskar kasuwanci ta kudu maso yamma da halin yanzu. Kashi casa'in da tara na yawan jama'a suna kan tsibirin dutse, kuma mafi yawansu suna kan Mahé.

Tsibirin coralline sun bambanta sosai daga dutsen dutse saboda suna da faɗi sosai, sau da yawa suna tashi kawai da 'yan ƙafa (mita ɗaya) sama da matakin teku. Ba su da ruwa mai kyau, kuma kaɗan ne kawai ke da mazauna mazauna. Mutane da yawa, kamar Ile aux Vaches, Ile Denis, Isles Amirante, Platte Island, da Coetivy Island, yashi ne wanda aka kafa gonakin kwakwa masu yawa. Wasu daga cikin tsibirai na coralline sun kunshi reefs da atolls da aka rufe da tsire-tsire. Da yawa daga cikin wadannan tsibirai sun kasance muhimman wuraren kiwo ga turtles da tsuntsaye, da kuma shafukan yanar gizo na manyan ajiyar guano, wanda a baya ya zama muhimmin bangare na tattalin arzikin Seychellois amma yanzu ga mafi yawan sun ƙare. Tsibirin Aldabra, mafi girman tsibirin coralline tare da yanki mafi girma fiye da Mahe, wuri ne mai tsarki ga dabbobi da tsuntsaye masu ban mamaki.

Ƙungiyoyin tsibirai biyar na coralline da suka hada da Tsibirin Outer sune Kudancin Coral Group (wani lokaci na Île Platte da Coëtivy Island), Tsibirin Amirante, Ƙungiyar Alphonse (Alphonse Atoll da St. François Atoll), Aldabra\_Group" id="mwoQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Aldabra Group">Kungiyar Aldabra (Aldabra Atoll, Tsibirin Assumption, da kuma Cosmoledo Group, wanda ya ƙunshi Cosmoleedo Atoll da Tsibirin Astove), da Farquhar Group (Farquhar Atoll, Providence Atoll da Tsibirin St. Pierre).

## Ilimin ƙasa

Bankin Seychelles an kafa shi ne a kan wani ginshiki na dutse, wani yanki da ya rabu da farantin nahiyoyin Indiya a lokacin Palaeocene kimanin shekaru miliyan 66 da suka gabata.  Wannan rabuwar tana da alaƙa da aikin volcanic wanda ya gina Mascarene Plateau.  Abubuwan da suka faru na syenite, diorite da microgranite a yammacin bankin Seychelles na iya yin nuni da cewa ajiyar da aka samu a arewa maso yammacin Tekun Indiya a fili ya kori Seychelles zuwa kudu maso yamma, wanda ya sa ta yi karo da gefen arewa maso gabas na Mascarene Basin.  Wannan karon zai iya haifar da ci gaban titin Amirante.  Wannan ƙirƙira na ɓarna yana da alaƙa da hotspot na Réunion wanda kuma ke da alhakin Tsibirin Réunion da Tarkon Deccan a Indiya.  Saboda dogon ware, Seychelles yana ba da bakuncin jinsi da yawa ciki har da Coco de mer, wata dabino wanda ke da mafi girma tsaba na kowane shuka mai girma a duniya.  [ana binciken hujja] [<span title="Wannan da'awar na bukatar nassoshi ga amintattun majiyoyi.

## Yanayi

Yanayin Seychelles na wurare masu zafi ne, yana da ɗan bambancin yanayi. Yanayin zafi a kan Mahe da wuya ya tashi sama da 29 °C (84 °F) ° C (84 ° F) ko ya sauka ƙasa da 24 °C (75 °F) ° C (75 ° F). Rashin zafi yana da yawa, amma tasirinsa na enervating yawanci ana inganta shi ta hanyar iskõki masu yawa. Ruwan kudu maso gabas daga ƙarshen Mayu zuwa Satumba yana kawo yanayin sanyi, kuma ruwan arewa maso yamma daga Maris zuwa Mayu, yanayin zafi.

Iska mai ƙarfi ba ta da yawa saboda yawancin tsibirai suna waje da belin guguwar Tekun Indiya; Mahe ta sha wahala kawai tarihin da aka rubuta a 1862. Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Mahe matsakaicin 2,880 millimeters (113 in) a matakin teku kuma kusan 3,550 millimeters (in) a kan gangaren dutse. Ruwan sama ya ɗan ƙasa a sauran tsibirai, matsakaicin matsakaicin 500 millimeters (20 in) a kowace shekara a tsibirin coral na kudancin.

Saboda karɓar ruwa yana samar da mafi yawan hanyoyin ruwa a Seychelles, bambancin shekara-shekara a cikin ruwan sama ko ma ɗan gajeren lokacin fari na iya haifar da ƙarancin ruwa. An gina ƙananan madatsun ruwa a kan Mahe tun daga shekara ta 1969 a kokarin tabbatar da wadatar ruwa mai aminci, amma fari har yanzu na iya zama matsala a kan Ma He kuma musamman a kan La Digue .

## Tsire-tsire da dabbobi

Tsibirin Mahé
White beach a tsibirin La Digue
Seychelles ta ƙunshi aƙalla nau'ikan tsire-tsire na furanni 75, nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa guda uku, nau'in tsuntsaye 14, nau'ikan dabbobi masu rarrafe 30 da masu rarrafe, da nau'ikan katantanwa da kwari da gizo-gizo da sauran nau'ikan katantanwa da ba a samu a wani wuri ba[1].  Bugu da ƙari, ruwan ya ƙunshi nau'ikan kifaye fiye da 900, waɗanda fiye da kashi ɗaya bisa uku suna da alaƙa da murjani reefs.  Misalai na musamman na tsuntsayen su ne Seychelles paradise flycatcher, Seychelles black parrot, Seychelles warbler, [2] da jirgin kasa mara tashi. Mafi shahara daga cikin dabbobin Seychelles sune manyan kunkuru na aldabrachelys.  [ana yanayi hujja] [citation need]

### Barazanar muhalli

Vast amounts of plastic debris accumulate on beaches across Seychelles. Observational analysis suggests that most terrestrial debris originates from Indonesia, India, and Sri Lanka. Debris associated with fisheries including fish aggregating devices also poses a major problem. Rats have reduced biodiversity on many islands. Climate change is also a significant issue.

Seychelles ta fara magance matsalar kiyayewa a ƙarshen shekarun 1960 ta hanyar kirkirar Hukumar Kula da Yanayi, daga baya aka sake masa suna Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Seychelles. An ware tsarin wuraren shakatawa na kasa da wuraren adana dabbobi wanda ke rufe kashi 42% na yankin ƙasar kuma kimanin kilomita 260 (100 sq na wuraren ruwa da ke kewaye. Shari'a tana kare namun daji kuma tana hana ayyuka daban-daban masu lalacewa.

Babban aikin ya sami tallafin Fonds Francais pour l'environnement Mondiale (FFEM) kuma Island Conservation Society ta aiwatar da shi. Wannan yana da niyyar farfadowa da haɓaka tsibirai don kula da bambancin halittu na asali a Seychelles ta hanyar kawar da nau'in da aka gabatar, farfado da wuraren zama da sake gabatar da nau'ikan da ba su da yawa ko barazana. An kawar da Rats daga Arewacin tsibirin, Cosmoledo Atoll da Conception Island.

## Gaskiya da adadi

Cikakken taswirar Seychelles
**Yanayin ƙasa:** 4°35′S 55°40′E / 4.583°S 55.667°E / -4.583; 55.667﻿ / ﻿

**Yankin:jimillar:*: 459 km2 *ƙasa:* 459 км2 *ruwa:* 0 km2

Yankin ƙasa: 0 km

**Maritime claims:continental shelf:*
200 nautical miles (370.4 km; 230.2 mi) or to the edge of the continental margin
*exclusive economic zone:*
1,336,559 square kilometres (516,048 sq mi) with 200 nautical miles (370.4 km; 230.2 mi)
*territorial sea:*
12 nautical miles (22.2 km; 13.8 mi)

Matsakaicin tsawo: *mafi ƙasƙanci:* Tekun Indiya 0 m mafi girma: Morne Seychellois 905 m

**Albarkatun halitta:** kifi, copra, itatuwan cinnamon

**Muhalli - yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa:jam'iyya zuwa:* Daban-daban na Halitta, Canjin Yanayi, Hamada, Nau'in Halitta, Haɗaɗɗiyar Sharar gida, Dokar Teku, Jibgar Ruwa, Haramtacciyar Gwajin Nukiliya, Kariyar Layer Ozone, Gurɓatar Jirgin ruwa, Whaling sanya hannu, amma ba a tabbatar da shi ba: Canjin Yanayi-Kyoto ProtocolYarjejeniyar Kyoto

## Tebur na Tsibirin

| Tsibirin | Babban Birni | Sauran birane | Yankin (km2)   | Yawan jama'a |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Tsibirin Inner | Victoria | Hanyar wucewa, Babban Anse | 247.20 | 89521 |
| Tsibirin Mahe | Victoria |  | 163.20 | 78333 |
| Ba a san sunansa ba | Ba a san sunansa ba | Anse Pimen Verde, | 0.10 | 5 |
| Doki | Gida | Kapok Tree Beach, West Beach, Turtle Beach, South Point, | 1.27 | 100 |
| Tsarin da aka tsara | Rashin fahimta |  | 0.6 | 0 |
| Adnin | Shirin Eden |  | 0.56 | 100 |
| Ga shanu |  |  | 0.04 | 0 |
| Tsawon Lokaci | Anse Shangri-La | Kurkukun Anse | 0.23 | 100 |
| Mahé | Victoria | Kashi, Anse Royale, Anse Boileau, Beau Vallon | 156.70 | 77983 |
| Mama | Mama |  | 0.1 | 0 |
| Matsakaicin matsakaici | Gidan Brendon Grimshaw | Anse Jolly Roger | 0.09 | 1 |
| Zagaye | Île Ronde[usurped] |  | 0.02 | 1 |
| Anne mai tsarki | Babban Anse | Anse dutsen da ke cike da furanni, Anse Royal, Anse Tortue, Anse Manon, | 2.19 | 40 |
| Therese | Anse Therese |  | 0.74 | 3 |
| Sauran Tsibirin | Romainville Archived 2012-11-27 at the Wayback Machine An adana shi 2012-11-27 a | Tsibirin Rana  | 0.56 | 0 |
| Tsibirin Praslin | Babban Anse | Anse Volbert, St. Anne | 42.20 | 7682 |
| Rashin ruwa | Ƙauyen da ba shi da ruwa | Robinson Crusoe rairayin bakin teku, Turtle rairayin kan teku, | 0.68 | 8 |
| Chauve Souris | Anse Chauve Souris Archived 2013-01-23 at the Wayback Machine An adana shi 2013-01-23 a |  | 0.01 | 2 |
| Dan uwan | Dan uwansa |  | 0.29 | 6 |
| Dan uwan | Yankin gabas | Yammacin rairayin bakin teku, Arewacin rairayar bakin teku | 0.26 | 16 |
| Mai son sani | Laraie Bay | Anse St. Joseph, arse papao, babban arse, ja tip (ja), arse badamer, caimant tip, turtoise point, | 2.86 | 7 |
| Hauwa'u | Shirin Tsibirin Hauwa'u |  | 0.27 | 100 |
| Praslin | Babban Anse | Anse Volbert, Bay St. AnneBayar St. Anne | 37.56 | 7533 |
| Zagaye | Anse Round | Anse Chez Gaby | 0.19 | 10 |
| Sauran Tsibirin | Tsibirin Booby |  | 0.07 | 0 |
| La Digue da Tsibirin Inner | Tafiya |  | 41.80 | 3506 |
| Tsuntsu | Garin Tsibirin Tsuntsu | Masu kallon tsuntsaye | 0.75 | 38 |
| Denis | St. Denis | iyakar arewa, katako na azurfa, baƙar fata, | 1.43 | 80 |
| Farin Ciki | La Penice | Shekaru Zil Pasyon, Shekaru Masu Girma, | 2.68 | 20 |
| Jirgin Ruwa | Jirgin Ruwa | Anse Lesange, Anse Bambous, | 2.20 | 214 |
| Tsibirin 'Yan uwa | Otal din Grand Soeur | Ƙaramar Ƙaramar | 1.18 | 2 |
| Digue | Tafiya | Anse dankali, cap bayard, babban anse, dutse itace, L'Union, La Reunion | 10.30 | 2800 |
| Marianne | Shekaru da Kotun | Yankin da ke kan dutsen Joncs, Yankin da ake kira Grand Glacis | 0.97 | 0 |
| Arewa | North Island Lodge | Gabashin Gabas, Yammacin Yamma (ko Babban Anse), Honeymoon Cove, Dive Beach | 2.00 | 152 |
| Siffar mutum | Tafiya | Babban Barbe, | 20.00 | 200 |
| Sauran Tsibirin | Cocos | Recife | 0.29 | 0 |
| Tsibirin waje | (Coëtivy) | Rashin jinin da aka yi amfani da shiAlphonse | 211.8 | 503 |
| Kungiyar Aldabra | Tunanin rairayin bakin teku na yamma | Tashar tsibirin Picard, Aldabra anse mais, Aldabr anse var, | 178.24 | 12 |
| Aldabra | Tashar tsibirin Picard | Anse amma, anse var, | 155.4 | 0 |
| Tunanin | Tunanin rairayin bakin teku na yamma |  | 11.6 | 12 |
| Cosmoledo |  |  | 5.13 | 0 |
| Astove |  |  | 7.9 | 0 |
| Sauran Tsibirin |  |  | 0. | 0 |
| Ƙungiyar Alphonse | Gabashin Gabas | Kudancin Anse | 2.2 | 84 |
| Alphonse | Gabashin Gabas | Kudancin Anse | 1.7 | 84 |
| St. Francis |  |  | 0.5 | 0 |
| Sauran Tsibirin |  |  | 0. | 0 |
| Ƙungiyar Amirante | Rushewa | D'Arros, Arewacin Piri, Remire (Eagle), Marie Louise | 9.9 | 123 |
| D'Arros | Gidan | Yankin rairayin bakin teku na arewa | 1.5 | 42 |
| Rushewa | ƙauyen kudancin | arewa maso gabas, Bombe Bay, | 3.24 | 50 |
| Albasa | Piri na Arewa | Kudancin Kudancin | 2.48 | 10 |
| Rashin (Jama'a) |  |  | 0. | 6 |
| Marie Louise | Ƙauyen arewa maso yamma |  | 0.53 | 15 |
| Sauran Tsibirin |  |  | 2.15 | 0 |
| Kungiyar Farquhar | Farquhar Anse Franc | Gudanarwa | 13.2 | 21 |
| Farquhar | Anse Franc | Ashirin da biyar | 8.00 | 15 |
| Gudanarwa |  |  | 3.5 | 6 |
| Tsibirin St. Pierre |  |  | 1.6 | 0 |
| Sauran Tsibirin |  |  | 0.1 | 0 |
| Kungiyar Kudancin Coral | Haɗin kai | Tsibirin Platte | 9.96 | 263 |
| Haɗin kai | Haɗin kai |  | 9.31 | 260 |
| Farantin | Tsibirin Platte |  | 0.65 | 3 |
| Sauran Tsibirin |  |  | 0.0 | 0 |
| Seychelles | Victoria |  | 459.0 | 90024 |

## Abubuwa masu tsanani

Wannan jerin manyan wurare ne na Seychelles, wuraren da ke arewa, kudu, gabas ko yamma fiye da kowane wuri.

* Yankin arewacin - Tsibirin Bird, Gundumar Tsibirin Outer
* Yankin Gabas mafi Girma - Tsibirin Coëtivy, Gundumar Tsibirin waje
* Yankin kudu - Tsibirin Goelette, Farquhar Group, Gundumar Tsibirin waje
* Yammacin Yamma - Tsibirin Yamma, Tsibirin Aldabra, Gundumar Tsibirin Outer