# Mia hamm

**Mariel Margaret** " **Mia** " **Hamm** (an haife ta a ranar 17 ga Maris, 1972) tsohuwar 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce 'yar Amurka wadda ta taka leda a matsayin ' yar gaba da kuma 'yar tsakiya a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka daga 1987 zuwa 2004. Ta fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA sau huɗu, inda ta lashe gasar a 1991 da 1999. Ta lashe zinare a gasar Olympics a 1996 da 2004, kuma ta lashe azurfa a 2000. Ta kasance 'yar wasa da ta kafa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata (WUSA)—ta farko a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Amurka—inda ta buga wa ƙungiyar Washington Freedom daga 2001 zuwa 2003. Ta buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji a ƙungiyar North Carolina Tar Heels, inda ta taimaka wa ƙungiyar lashe gasar NCAA Division I Championship sau huɗu. An yaba mata a matsayin jarumar ƙwallon ƙafa, ana ɗaukarta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa mata mafi kyau kuma mafi tasiri a kowane lokaci.

Ya zuwa watan Maris na 2026, Hamm tana matsayi na uku a jerin mafi yawan kwallayen da 'yan wasa na kowace jinsi suka ci a duniya. Tana matsayi na huɗu a wasannin ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Amurka (276) kuma ta farko a wasannin taimakawa ƙasashen waje (144). An naɗa ta a matsayin ' yar wasan duniya ta FIFA sau biyu, an naɗa ta a matsayin 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka ta shekara shekaru biyar a jere, kuma ta lashe kyaututtuka shida na ESPY, ciki har da 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa mafi kyau, 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa mafi kyau mace da kuma 'yar wasan mata ta shekara . Gidauniyar Wasannin Mata ta naɗa ta a matsayin 'yar wasanta ta shekara a 1997 da 1999.

An shigar da Hamm cikin Ƙungiyar Fitattun 'Yan Wasan Kwallo ta Ƙasa, Ƙungiyar Fitattun 'Yan Wasan Kwallo ta Alabama, Ƙungiyar Fitattun 'Yan Wasan Kwallo ta Texas, da Ƙungiyar Fitattun 'Yan Wasan Kwallo ta North Carolina, kuma ita ce mace ta farko da aka shigar a cikin Salón de la Fama del Fútbol Internacional . A shekara ta 2004, Pelé ya zaɓi Hamm a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasa 125 da suka fi yin fice a duniya .

Hamm ita ce mai haɗin gwiwa da ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙwararru na Los Angeles FC da Angel City FC . Ita jakadiyar duniya ce a FC Barcelona kuma tana cikin kwamitin gudanarwa na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Italiya ta AS Roma daga 2014 zuwa 2020. Ita ce marubucin *Go For the Goal: A Champion's Guide to Winning in Soccer and Life*, kuma an nuna ta a fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin da dama, ciki har da shirin HBO mai suna *Dare to Dream: The Story of the US Women's Soccer Team* .

## Rayuwar farko

An haifi Hamm a ranar 17 ga Maris, 1972 a Selma, Alabama ga Bill da Stephanie Hamm. Ita ce ta huɗu cikin 'ya'ya shida. Ta sanya takalman gyara tun tana ƙarama bayan an haife ta da ƙafar ƙafa . Hamm ta yi yarintarta a sansanonin Sojojin Sama na Amurka daban-daban a duniya tare da iyalinta. Ta fara buga ƙwallon ƙafa ne a lokacin da take zaune a Florence, Italiya, kuma duk iyalinta suka shiga cikin wasan cikin sauri. Tana da shekaru biyar, Hamm ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta farko a Wichita Falls, Texas . Mahaifinta ya horar da Hamm da ɗan'uwanta da aka ɗauka, Garrett mai shekaru 8. A makarantar sakandare ta ƙarama, Hamm ta yi fice a matsayin 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar maza. Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Lake Braddock da ke Burke, Virginia, kuma ta taimaka wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Lake Braddock ta lashe gasar jihar ta 1989.

## Aikin kwaleji

Daga 1989 zuwa 1993, Hamm ta halarci Jami'ar North Carolina da ke Chapel Hill, inda ta taimaka wa Tar Heels ta lashe gasar NCAA Division I guda hudu cikin shekaru biyar. Ta yi wa kakar wasa ta 1991 ado don mayar da hankali kan shirye-shiryen fara gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA a China a karon farko a shekarar 1991. North Carolina ta sha kashi a wasa daya daga cikin wasanni 95 da ta buga a kungiyar. Hamm ta sami lambar yabo ta All-American, an nada ta a matsayin 'yar wasan shekara ta Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) na tsawon shekaru uku a jere, kuma an nada ta a matsayin 'yar wasan mata ta ACC ta shekarar a 1993 da 1994. Ta kammala karatunta daga North Carolina a 1994 tare da rikodin ACC don kwallaye (103), taimakawa (72), da jimillar maki (278). A shekarar 2003, an nada Hamm da Michael Jordan a matsayin manyan 'yan wasa a cikin shekaru hamsin na farko na ACC. Hamm memba ce a ƙungiyar mata ta kwaleji ta ƙasa ta Amurka wadda ta lashe lambar azurfa a Jami'ar bazara ta 1993 da ke Buffalo, New York . Jami'ar North Carolina ta yi ritaya daga rigar Hamm mai lamba 19 a shekarar 1994.

## Aikin kulob

A shekara ta 2001, Hamm ta kasance 'yar wasa da ta kafa gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta farko a Amurka, wato Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon ƙafa ta Mata (WUSA), kuma ta buga wa Washington Freedom wasa daga 2001 zuwa 2003. A tsawon tarihin gasar, an yaba wa Hamm a matsayin tauraruwar gasar kuma an yi amfani da ita sosai a fannin tallatawa da tallatawa. A wani zaɓen jin ra'ayin jama'a na shugabannin talla 1,000 da aka gudanar a shekara ta 2001, an zaɓe ta a matsayin "'yar wasa mafi jan hankali", inda ta sami ƙuri'u kusan ninki biyu fiye da wadda ta zo ta biyu Anna Kournikova .

A lokacin wasan farko na gasar tsakanin Freedom da Bay Area CyberRays a filin wasa na RFK da ke Washington, DC, an yi wa Hamm keta a filin wasa na penariti, wanda ya haifar da bugun fenariti wanda abokiyar karawarta Pretinha ta sauya don zama kwallon farko da aka ci a gasar. Freedom ta yi nasara da ci 1-0. Masoya 34,148 da suka halarci gasar sun zarce wadanda suka fito a kowanne wasan MLS a wannan karshen mako, yayin da watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin ya kai gidaje 393,087. Ta taka leda a matsayin 'yar tsakiya da kuma 'yar gaba, Hamm ta buga wasanni 19 daga cikin 21 na Freedom a kakar wasa ta 2001. Ta jagoranci kungiyar a kwallaye (6) da kuma taimakawa (4). Freedom ta kare a matsayi na bakwai a kakar wasa ta yau da kullun da rikodin 6–12–3 .

Hamm ta samu rauni a gwiwa a watan Nuwamba na 2001 wanda ya hana ta fita daga filin wasa na tsawon watanni da dama a farkon 2002. Ta buga rabin kakar wasa ta 2002 tare da Freedom, inda ta zira kwallaye takwas. Kungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na uku da rikodin 11–5–5 kuma ta kai ga zagayen share fage. Bayan ta lashe wasan kusa da na karshe a kan Philadelphia Charge 1-0, an doke Freedom da ci 3-2 ta hannun Carolina Courage a gasar WUSA Founders Cup ta 2002. Hamm ya zira kwallaye sau daya a wasan.

A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2003, Hamm ta fara wasa a wasanni 16 cikin 19 da ta buga. Kwallayenta 11 sun kasance na biyu a ƙungiyar bayan Abby Wambach da kwallaye 13, yayin da taimakon da ta bayar 11 suka kasance na farko. Freedom ta kammala kakar wasa ta yau da kullun a matsayi na huɗu da rikodin 9–8–4 kuma ta sami gurbin shiga gasar share fagen shiga. Freedom ta doke Atlanta Beat da ci 2-1 a ƙarin lokaci don lashe Kofin Founders a ranar 24 ga Agusta, 2003.

## Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa

### 1987–2004: Ƙungiyar mata ta ƙasa

Hamm ta fara buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Amurka wasa a lokacin tana da shekaru 15 a bikin Olympics na Amurka na 1987. Ba ta ci kwallo ko ɗaya ba a shekararta ta farko, kuma ta zira ƙwallo ta farko a lokacin da ta buga wasa na 17. Ta fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA guda huɗu: gasar farko a 1991 a China, 1995 a Sweden, 1999 da 2003 a Amurka. Ta jagoranci ƙungiyar a wasannin Olympics guda uku, ciki har da: 1996 a Atlanta (lokacin farko da aka buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata), 2000 a Sydney, da kuma 2004 a Athens . Jimilla, ta buga wasanni 42 kuma ta zira ƙwallaye 14 a gasannin ƙasa da ƙasa.

Ya zuwa watan Maris na 2026, Hamm tana matsayi na uku a jerin mafi yawan kwallayen da 'yan wasa na kowace jinsi suka ci a duniya. Ta zo ta uku a tarihin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka don buga wa ƙasa da ƙasa wasanni (276) kuma ta farko don taimakawa a wasanni (144).

### Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 1991

A shekarar 1991, an sanya Hamm cikin jerin 'yan wasan da za su fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA a karon farko a China karkashin kocin North Carolina Anson Dorrance . Tana da shekaru 19, ita ce 'yar wasa mafi karancin shekaru a cikin tawagar. A lokacin wasan farko na gasar, Hamm ta zira kwallon da ta lashe wasa yayin da Amurka ta samu nasara a kan Sweden da ci 3-2. Ta kuma zira kwallo daya a wasansu na biyu na rukuni yayin da suka doke Brazil da ci 5-0. Daga karshe Amurka ta kai wasan karshe, inda ta doke Norway da ci 2-1 don lashe gasar cin kofin duniya.

### Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 1995

Wasan Hamm na biyu na gasar cin kofin duniya ya faru ne a lokacin gasar 1995 a Sweden. Kocin Amurka Tony DiCicco ne ya jagorance shi. A wasan farko na gasar, Hamm ya zira kwallo ta uku a wasan da suka tashi kunnen doki 3-3 da China PR . A wasan rukuni na biyu da Denmark, Hamm ya buga matsayin mai tsaron gida na 'yan mintuna bayan an ba Briana Scurry jan kati kuma aka cire shi daga wasan. A ƙarshe an doke Amurka a wasan kusa da na karshe ta hannun zakaran Norway . Ƙungiyar Hamm ta kai matsayi na uku bayan ta doke China PR 2-0 a ranar 17 ga Yuni, inda Hamm ya zira kwallo ɗaya.

### 1996–1998: Gasar Olympics ta Atlanta da kuma kwallaye 100 a gasar kasa da kasa

 Hamm yayin wasan da Jamus ta buga, 1997
Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 1996 da aka yi a Atlanta su ne wasannin Olympics na farko da suka haɗa da ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata. Hamm ya zira kwallo kuma ya taimaka wajen taimakawa yayin da Amurka ta doke Denmark da ci 3-0 a wasan farko na rukuni. Bayan da ta doke Norway a wasan kusa da na karshe, Amurka ta fafata da China a wasan ƙarshe. Hamm ya buga wasa duk da raunin ƙafa da kugu, kuma an ɗauke shi a kan gadon asibiti a minti na ƙarshe. Amurka ta samu nasara 2-1 wadda magoya baya 76,481 suka shaida - mafi yawan jama'a a wani wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a tarihin Olympics, kuma mafi yawan jama'a a wani taron wasanni na mata a Amurka.

Kwallaye 20 da Hamm ta ci a shekarar 1998 su ne jimillar kwallaye mafi yawa a shekara a tarihin rayuwarta ta duniya. Ta kuma bayar da taimako sau 20. A ranar 18 ga Satumba, ta zira kwallayenta na 100 a gasar kasa da kasa a wasan sada zumunci da Rasha a Rochester, New York . A wannan shekarar, ta jagoranci Amurka zuwa ga lambar zinare ta farko a Wasannin Goodwill . Hamm ta zira kwallaye biyar daga cikin bakwai da kungiyar ta zira a gasar, ciki har da biyu a wasan karshe da China.

A ranar 22 ga Mayu, 1999, Hamm ta karya tarihin zura kwallaye a gasar cin kofin duniya da ta zira kwallaye na 108 a wasan da ta buga da Brazil a Orlando, Florida . A watan da ya biyo baya, ta jagoranci tawagar kasar a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta 1999, wadda Amurka ta karbi bakunci. A lokacin wasan rukuni da Najeriya, Hamm ta zira kwallaye daya kuma ta taimaka mata daya yayin da Amurka ta yi nasara da ci 7-1. A lokacin wasan karshe na rukuni, babban koci Tony DiCicco ya hutar da Hamm, wanda aka sauya shi a hutun rabin lokaci. A wasan kusa da na karshe da Brazil, an doke Hamm a bugun fenariti a lokacin rabin lokaci na biyu; Michelle Akers ta zira kwallayen bugun fenariti da aka samu yayin da Amurka ta yi nasara da ci 2-0.

An yanke hukuncin wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin duniya ta hanyar bugun fenariti tsakanin Amurka da China. Duk 'yan wasan Amurka biyar sun yi bugun fenariti, ciki har da Hamm; China ta rasa bugun fenariti ɗaya, wanda ya haifar da nasarar Amurka. Wasan ya zarce wasan ƙarshe na Olympics na Atlanta na 1996 a matsayin wasan wasanni na mata mafi yawa a tarihi, inda mutane sama da 90,000 suka cika Rose Bowl a Pasadena, California. Tare da masu kallon talabijin na Amurka 17,975,000, ya riƙe rikodin mafi yawan masu kallon talabijin na Amurka a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa har zuwa 2014.

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