# Thaish

| Thaish |
| --- |
| ภาษาไทย *phasa thai* |
|  |
| Dooghyssagh ayns | yn Çheer Thai, yn Valaysia, yn Chamboyd, yn Vurmey, yn Laos |
| Loayreyderyn dooghyssagh | 60-64 millioon |
| Kynney çhengey | Tai-Kadai
* Tai
	+ Heear-Yiass
		- Meanagh Hiar
			* Chiang Saeng
				+ **Thaish**
 |
| Staydys oikoil |
| Çhengey oikoil ayns | yn Çheer Thai |
| Er ny churmey lesh | Undinys Pandityn ny h-Ard-Ooasley |
| Coadyn çhengey |
| ISO 639-1 | `th` |
| ISO 639-2 | `tha` |
| ISO 639-3 | `tha` |

She çhengey ashoonagh as oikoil ny Çheer Thai ee **Thaish** (ภาษาไทย *Phasa Thai*). T'ee 'sy chynney çhengey Tai, as t'ad credjal dy daink ad ass ny ta yn Çheen yiass jiu. She çhengey toanagh as scarreydagh t'ayn, as ta cowraghyn grammeydagh eck.

## Sheeanchoryssaghtys

|  |
| --- |
| **Ta cowraghyn sheeanagh ASE 'syn art shoh.** Mannagh vel jargaght jannoo screeu crampit ec y cho-earrooder ayd, foddee dy vaik uss cowraghyn feyshtey, kishtaghyn, ny cowraghyn elley ayns ynnyd ny cowraghyn Unicode. |

### Toanyn

Ta queig toanyn 'sy Thaish: meanagh, injil, tuittym, ard as irree. Ta'n taabyl heese soilshaghey ny toanyn myn-heeanagh as y fockley magh sheeanagh oc.

| Toan | Thaish | sampleyr | Myn-heeanagh | Sheeanagh | Gaelg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| meanagh | สามัญ | นา | /nāː/ | [naː˥˧] | *magher reise* |
| injil | เอก | หน่า | /nàː/ | [naː˧˩] | *(far-ennym)* |
| tuittym | โท | หน้า | /nâː/ | [naː˥˩] | *eddin* |
| ard | ตรี | น้า | /náː/ | [naː˧˥] | *naunt/naim ny sassey na'n ayr as moir ayd* |
| irree | จัตวา | หนา | /nǎː/ | [naː˨˩˧] | *çhiu* |

### Corocklyn

Ta Thaish geddyr-scarrey bleaysee ayns tree ronnaghyn:

* neuchronnaneagh as neuennalit, m.s. /p/
* neuchronnaneagh as ennalit /pʰ/
* cronnaneagh as neuennalit /d/

Ta'n nah as treeoo jeu ec y Ghaelg myr myn-heeanyn: myr sampleyr, ta /b/ cronnaneagh neuennalit, as ta'n myn-heean /p/ goll er fockley magh myr [pʰ] neuchronnaneagh ennalit son y chooid smoo. Cha nel y chied ain agh myr fo-heean /p/. 'sy taabyl heese, ta'n chied linney soilshaghey ASE, as ta'n nah linney soilshaghey lettyryn Thaish ta goll er fockley magh myr shen ec toshiaght yn 'ockle.

|   | Daa-veillagh | Meeill- eeacklagh | Cooyl- eeacklagh | Lurg- chooyleeacklagh | Cleaoil | Coghooysagh | Sluggidagh |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Stronnagh |   | [m] ม |   |   | [n] ณ,น |   |   |   | [ŋ] ง |   |
| Bleaystagh | [p] ป | [pʰ] ผ,พ,ภ | [b] บ\* |   | [t] ฏ,ต | [tʰ] ฐ,ฑ,ฒ,ถ,ท,ธ | [d] ฎ,ด\* |   |   | [k] ก | [kʰ] ข,ฃ,ค,ฅ,ฆ |   | [ʔ] อ\*\* |
| Screebagh |   | [f] ฝ,ฟ | [s] ซ,ศ,ษ,ส |   |   |   |   | [h] ห,ฮ |
| Affricaid |   |   |   | [tɕ] จ | [tɕʰ] ฉ, ช, ฌ |   |   |   |
| Craa |   |   |   | [r] ร |   |   |   |   |
| Faggyssaght |   |   |   |   | [j] ญ,ย |   | [w] ว |   |
| Lhiattagh |   |   |   | [l] ล,ฬ |   |   |   |   |

\* Ta บ as ด jee-chronnaneagh ec jerrey fockle, as t'ad goll er fockley magh myr [p] as [t] fo shaghey.
\*\* Ta'n lettyr อ tostagh roish breeocklyn.
### Breeocklyn

Ta breeocklyn neuchramp ny Thaish 'sy taabyl heese. Ta'n linney s'ardjey cowrey ASE y vreeockle, as ta'n nah linney lettyryn Thaish. Ta schimmeig (–) cowraghey ynnyd y chied chorockle ta'n breeockle goll er fockley magh ny lurg. Ta nah schimmeig cowraghey dy vel feme er corockle s'jerree ny lurg.

Breeocklyn ny Thaish.

|   | Toshee | Cooyl |
| --- | --- | --- |
| neuruntit | neuruntit | runtit |
| giare | liauyr | giare | liauyr | giare | liauyr |
| Doont | /i/  -ิ  | /iː/  -ี  | /ɯ/  -ึ  | /ɯː/  -ื  | /u/  -ุ  | /uː/  -ู  |
| Eddyr-ghoont | /e/ เ-ะ | /eː/ เ- | /ɤ/ เ-อะ | /ɤː/ เ-อ | /o/ โ-ะ | /oː/ โ- |
| Eddyr-foshlit | /ɛ/ แ-ะ | /ɛː/ แ- |   |   | /ɔ/ เ-าะ | /ɔː/ -อ |
| Foshlit |   |   | /a/ -ะ, -ั | /aː/ -า |   |   |

Ta ny breeocklyn ayns jeesyn liauyr as giare: t'adsyn nyn myn-heeanyn ta jannoo focklyn er lheh 'sy Thaish, agh t'ad goll er aascreeu 'syn aght cheddin; ta เขา (*khao*) çheet er "eh, ee", agh ta ขาว (*khao*) çheet er "bane".
Shoh ny jeesyn liauyr-giare:

| Liauyr | Giare |
| --- | --- |
| Thaish | ASE | Çhyndaa | Screeu Thaish | ASE | Çhyndaa |
| –า | /aː/ | /fǎːn/ | giarrey ayns slissagyn' | –ะ | /a/ | /fǎn/ | 'dreamal' |
| –ี  | /iː/ | /krìːt/ | 'giarrey' | –ิ  | /i/ | /krìt/ | skynn' |
| –ู  | /uː/ | /sùːt/ | 'tayrn stiagh ennal' | –ุ  | /u/ | /sùt/ | 'jerrinagh' |
| เ– | /eː/ | /ʔēːn/ | 'lieh-lhie' | เ–ะ | /e/ | /ʔēn/ | 'kiangley craue' |
| แ– | /ɛː/ | /pʰɛ́ː/ | 'goll er cur fo haart' | แ–ะ | /ɛ/ | /pʰɛ́ʔ/ | 'goayr' |
| –ื  | /ɯː/ | /kʰlɯ̂ːn/ | 'tonn' | –ึ  | /ɯ/ | /kʰɯ̂n/ | 'goll seose' |
| เ–อ | /ɤː/ | /dɤ̄ːn/ | 'shooyl' | เ–อะ | /ɤ/ | /ŋɤ̄n/ | 'argid' |
| โ– | /oː/ | /kʰôːn/ | 'lhieggey' | โ–ะ | /o/ | /kʰôn/ | 'çhiu' |
| –อ | /ɔː/ | /klɔːŋ/ | 'drummey' | เ–าะ | /ɔ/ | /klɔ̀ŋ/ | 'kishtey' |

Daaghooaghtyn ny Thaish.
Foddee ad coghiangley ny breeocklyn myr daaghooaghtyn. Ta Tingsabadh & Abramson (1993) gra dy vel adsyn as breeockle ardey ec y jerrey /Vj/ as /Vw/ ec bun. Er son dy hoilshaghey toan, t'ad cur "liauyr" orroo as rolteen oc:

| Liauyr | Giare |
| --- | --- |
| Thaish | ASE | Thaish | ASE |
| –าย | /aːj/ | ไ–\*, ใ–\*, ไ–ย | /aj/ |
| –าว | /aːw/ | เ–า\* | /aw/ |
| เ–ีย | /iːa/ | เ–ียะ | /ia/ |
| – | – | –ิว | /iw/ |
| –ัว | /uːa/ | –ัวะ | /ua/ |
| –ูย | /uːj/ | –ุย | /uj/ |
| เ–ว | /eːw/ | เ–็ว | /ew/ |
| แ–ว | /ɛːw/ | – | – |
| เ–ือ | /ɯːa/ | – | – |
| เ–ย | /ɤːj/ | – | – |
| –อย | /ɔːj/ | – | – |
| โ–ย | /oːj/ | – | – |

Ta tree treeghooaghtyn eck, as ad liauyr:

| Thaish | ASE |
| --- | --- |
| เ–ียว | /iow/ |
| –วย | /uɛj/ |
| เ–ือย | /ɯɛj/ |

## Imraaghyn