# Russia

Russia

sovereign state, secular state, country, transcontinental country, successor state| Part of | Post-Soviet states, European Union tax haven blacklist  |
| Year dem found am | 1263  |
| Official name | Российская Федерация  |
| Native label | Россия, Российская Федерация  |
| Short name | Россия, Росія  |
| IPA transcription | rɐˈsʲijə  |
| Official language | Russian  |
| Anthem | State Anthem of the Russian Federation  |
| Culture | culture of Russia  |
| Motto text | Reveal your own Russia, Datgelwch eich Rwsia eich hun, Revela la teva pròpia Rússia  |
| Continent | Europe, Asia, Eurasia  |
| Country | Russia  |
| Capital | Moscow  |
| Located in time zone | UTC+02:00  |
| Located in/on physical feature | Eurasia, Eastern Europe  |
| Coordinate location | 66°25′0″N 94°15′0″E  |
| Coordinates of easternmost point | 65°46′52″N 169°3′25″W  |
| Coordinates of northernmost point | 81°50′35″N 59°14′22″E  |
| Coordinates of southernmost point | 41°11′7″N 47°46′55″E  |
| Coordinates of westernmost point | 54°27′30″N 19°38′22″E  |
| Highest point | Mount Elbrus  |
| Lowest point | Caspian Sea  |
| Government ein basic form | super-presidential republic  |
| Office held by head of state | President of Russia  |
| State ein head | Vladimir Putin  |
| Office head of government hold | Prime Minister of Russia  |
| Government ein head | Mikhail Mishustin  |
| Executive body | Government of Russia  |
| Legislative body | Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation  |
| Highest judicial authority | Constitutional Court of Russia, Supreme Court of Russia  |
| Central bank | Central Bank of Russia  |
| Currency | Russian ruble  |
| Driving side | right  |
| Electrical plug type | Schuko, Europlug  |
| Dey follow | Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic  |
| Dey replace | Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Soviet Union  |
| Studied by | Russian studies  |
| Dema official website |   |
| Hashtag | russia, Russland, Россия  |
| Top-level Internet domain | .ru, .рф, .рус, .su  |
| Main regulatory text | Constitution of Russia  |
| Flag | flag of Russia  |
| Coat of arms | Coat of arms of Russia  |
| Geography of topic | Geography of Russia  |
| Get characteristic | not-free country  |
| History of topic | history of Russia  |
| List of monuments | Russian cultural heritage register  |
| Official religion | non-denominational  |
| Patron saint | Andrew the Apostle  |
| Dem separate from | Soviet Union  |
| ‎most populous urban area | Moscow  |
| Railway traffic side | right  |
| Open data portal | Open Data Portal Russia  |
| Economy of topic | economy of Russia  |
| Demographics of topic | demographics of Russia  |
| Official observer status in organization | CERN, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation  |
| Gregorian calendar start date | 14 February 1918  |
| Mobile country code | 250  |
| Country calling code | +7  |
| Trunk prefix | 8  |
| GS1 country code | 460-469  |
| Licence plate code | RUS  |
| Maritime identification digits | 273  |
| Unicode character | 🇷🇺  |
| Category for honorary citizens of entity | Category:Honorary citizens from Russia by city  |
| Category for maps or plans | Category:Maps of Russia  |

**Russia**, anaa de **Russian Federation**, be a country wey dey span Eastern Europe den North Asia. E be de largest country insyd de world, wey e dey extend across eleven time zones; wey dey share land borders plus fourteen countries. Russia be de most populous country insyd Europe den de ninth-most populous country insyd de world. E be a highly urbanised country, wey sixteen of ein urban areas get more dan 1 million inhabitants. Moscow, de most populous metropolitan area insyd Europe,be de capital den largest city of Russia, while Saint Petersburg be ein second-largest city den cultural centre.

E be a permanent member of de United Nations Security Council; a member state of de G20, SCO, BRICS, APEC, OSCE, den WTO; den de leading member state of post-Soviet organisations such as CIS, CSTO, den EAEU. Russia be home to 32 UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

## Demographics

| Largest cities anaa towns insyd Russia

2025 estimate |
| --- |
| Rank | Name | Federal subject | Pop. | Rank | Name | Federal subject | Pop. |
| 1 | Moscow | Moscow | 13,274,285 | 11 | Samara | Samara Oblast | 1,154,223 |
| 2 | Saint Petersburg | Saint Petersburg | 5,652,922 | 12 | Rostov-on-Don | Rostov Oblast | 1,143,123 |
| 3 | Novosibirsk | Novosibirsk Oblast | 1,637,266 | 13 | Omsk | Omsk Oblast | 1,101,367 |
| 4 | Yekaterinburg | Sverdlovsk Oblast | 1,548,187 | 14 | Voronezh | Voronezh Oblast | 1,041,722 |
| 5 | Kazan | Tatarstan | 1,329,825 | 15 | Perm | Perm Krai | 1,027,518 |
| 6 | Krasnoyarsk | Krasnoyarsk Krai | 1,211,756 | 16 | Volgograd | Volgograd Oblast | 1,012,219 |
| 7 | Nizhny Novgorod | Nizhny Novgorod Oblast | 1,198,245 | 17 | Saratov | Saratov Oblast | 886,165 |
| 8 | Chelyabinsk | Chelyabinsk Oblast | 1,176,770 | 18 | Tyumen | Tyumen Oblast | 872,077 |
| 9 | Ufa | Bashkortostan | 1,166,098 | 19 | Tolyatti | Samara Oblast | 662,683 |
| 10 | Krasnodar | Krasnodar Krai | 1,154,885 | 20 | Makhachkala | Dagestan | 625,322 |

## Read further

* Bartlett, Roger P. *A history of Russia* (2005) online
* Breslauer, George W. and Colton, Timothy J. 2017. *Russia Beyond Putin* (Daedalus) online
* Brown, Archie, ed. *The Cambridge encyclopedia of Russia and the Soviet Union* (1982) online
* Florinsky, Michael T. ed. *McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Russia and the Soviet Union* (1961).
* Frye, Timothy. *Weak Strongman: The Limits of Power in Putin's Russia* (2021) excerpt
* Greene, by Samuel A. and Graeme B. Robertson. *Putin v. the People: the Perilous Politics of a Divided Russia* (Yale UP, 2019) excerpt
* Hosking, Geoffrey A. *Russia and the Russians: a history* (2011) online
* Kort, Michael. *A Brief History of Russia* (2008) online
* Lowe, Norman. *Mastering Twentieth Century Russian History* (2002) excerpt
* Millar, James R. ed. *Encyclopedia of Russian History* (4 vol 2003). online
* Riasanovsky, Nicholas V., and Mark D. Steinberg. *A History of Russia* (9th ed. 2018) 9th edition 1993 online
* Rosefielde, Steven. *Putin's Russia: Economy, Defence and Foreign Policy* (2020) excerpt
* Service, Robert. *A History of Modern Russia: From Tsarism to the Twenty-First Century* (Harvard UP, 3rd ed., 2009) excerpt
* Smorodinskaya, Tatiana, and Karen Evans-Romaine, eds. *Encyclopedia of Contemporary Russian Culture* (2014) excerpt; 800 pp covering art, literature, music, film, media, crime, politics, business, and economics.
* Walker, Shauin. *The Long Hangover: Putin's New Russia and the Ghosts Of the Past* (2018, Oxford UP) excerpt

**Government Official Russian governmental portal
* Chief of State and Cabinet Members (archived 4 October 2013)

**General information Geographic data related to Russia at OpenStreetMap
* Russia. *The World Factbook*. Central Intelligence Agency.
* Russia at *UCB Libraries GovPubs* (archived 22 October 2008)
* Russia from BBC News
* Russia at *Encyclopædia Britannica*
* Key Development Forecasts for Russia from International Futures

**Other Post-Soviet Problems from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives (archived 15 December 2012