# Southern African Development Community

Southern African Development Community

international organization| Industry | international governmental or non-governmental organizations  |
| Year dem found am | 1980, 1992  |
| Country | Botswana  |
| Get subsidiary | SADC Statistics Committee, SADC Tribunal  |
| Demma headquarters location | Gaborone  |
| Dema official website |   |
| Official observer status in organization | World Intellectual Property Organization, United Nations General Assembly, International Organization for Migration  |

De Southern African Development Community (SADC) be inter-governmental organization wey get ein headquarters insyd Gaborone, Botswana.

## Goals

Ein goal be say dem go further regional socio-economic cooperation den integration as well as political den security cooperation among 16 countries insyd southern Africa. Although ein primary objectives be development, economic growth, den poverty alleviation, peacekeeping cam turn increasingly important to de SADC.

## Member states

As of 2022, de SADC get a total of 16 member states:

Member states surface area den populations| Country | Area (km2) | Population (2020) | GDP (USD) | Notes on Membership |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Total (billions) | Per Capita |
| Angola | 1,246,700 | 32,866,268 | $124.86 | $3,792.75 |  |
| Botswana | 582,000 | 2,351,625 | $18.42 | $7,519.2 |  |
| Comoros | 2,235 | 869,595 | $1.31 | $1,371.02 | Na dem admit de Union of Comoros into SADC for de 37th SADC Summit of Heads of State den Government dem hold insyd Pretoria, South Africa insyd 2017, wey bring de total number of Member States to 16. |
| DR Congo | 2,344,858 | 89,561,404 | $64.79 | $669.36 | Since 8 September 1997 |
| Eswatini | 17,363 | 1,160,164 | $4.65 | $4,035.54 |  |
| Lesotho | 30,355 | 2,142,252 | $2.56 | $1,212.57 |  |
| Madagascar | 587,295 | 27,691,019 | $14.61 | $504.31 | Dem admit for 18 August 2005. Na dem reinstate membership reinstated for 30 January 2014 after an imposed suspension insyd 2009 |
| Malawi | 118,484 | 19,129,955 | $12.04 | $545.06 |  |
| Mauritius | 1,969 | 1,265,740 | $11.26 | $8,892.11 | Since 28 August 1995 |
| Mozambique | 801,590 | 31,255,435 | $18.09 | $546.71 |  |
| Namibia | 824,268 | 2,540,916 | $13.01 | $5,016.17 | Since 21 March 1990 (since independence) |
| Seychelles | 456 | 98,462 | $1.75 | $17,693.00 | Previously san be a member of SADC from 8 September 1997 til 1 July 2004 wey e san join insyd 2008. |
| South Africa | 1,221,037 | 59,308,690 | $426.17 | $6,979.44 | Since 30 August 1994 |
| Tanzania | 947,303 | 59,734,213 | $77.51 | $1,260.06 |  |
| Zambia | 752,612 | 18,383,956 | $26.66 | $1,330.37 |  |
| Zimbabwe | 390,757 | 14,862,927 | $36.38 | $2,300.56 |  |

Burundi request make e join.

## Structure den decision-making procedures

De organization get six principal bodies:

* De Summit, wey dey comprise heads of state anaa heads of government
* Organ on Politics, Defense den Security
* Council of Ministers
* SADC Tribunal
* SADC National Committees (SNCs)
* Secretariat

Except for de Tribunal (base insyd Windhoek, Namibia), SNCs den Secretariat, decision-making be by consensus.

## Leaders

### Chairmen

| Country | Chairperson | Term |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Zambia | Levy Mwanawasa | 2007–2008 |
| South Africa | Kgalema Motlanthe | 2008–2009 |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | Joseph Kabila | 2009–2010 |
| Namibia | Hifikepunye Pohamba | 2010–2011 |
| Angola | José Eduardo dos Santos | 2011–2012 |
| Mozambique | Armando Guebuza | 2012–2013 |
| Malawi | Joyce Banda
Peter Mutharika | 2013–31 May 2014
31 May–17 August 2014 |
| Zimbabwe | Robert Mugabe | 2014–17 August 2015 |
| Botswana | Ian Khama | 17 August 2015 – 2016 |
| Eswatini | King Mswati III | 2016–2017 |
| South Africa | Jacob Zuma
Cyril Ramaphosa | 2017–2018 |
| Namibia | Hage Geingob | 17 August 2018 – 17 August 2019 |
| Tanzania | John Magufuli | 17 August 2019 – 17 August 2020 |
| Mozambique | Filipe Nyusi | 17 August 2020 – 17 August 2021 |
| Malawi | Lazarus Chakwera | 17 August 2021 – 17 August 2022 |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | Félix Tshisekedi | 17 August 2022 – 17 August 2023 |
| Angola | João Lourenço | 17 August 2023 – 17 August 2024 |
| Zimbabwe | Emmerson Mnangagwa | 17 August 2024 – present |

### Executive Secretaries

| Country | Image | Name | Term |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Namibia |  | Kaire Mbuende | 1994–2000 |
| Mauritius |  | Prega Ramsamy | 2000–2001 (Dey act)
2001–2005 |
| Mozambique |  | Tomaz Salomão | 2005–2013 |
| Tanzania |  | Stergomena Tax | 2013–2021 |
| Botswana |  | Elias Mpedi Magosi | 2021–present |

## Comparison plus oda regional blocs

| African Economic Community |
| --- |
| Pillar regional
blocs (REC) | Area
(km²) | Population | GDP (PPP) ($US) | Member
states |
| (millions) | (per capita) |
| EAC | 5,449,717 | 343,328,958 | 737,420 | 2,149 | 8 |
| ECOWAS/CEDEAO | 5,112,903 | 349,154,000 | 1,322,452 | 3,788 | 15 |
| IGAD | 5,233,604 | 294,197,387 | 225,049 | 1,197 | 7 |
| AMU/UMA a | 6,046,441 | 106,919,526 | 1,299,173 | 12,628 | 5 |
| ECCAS/CEEAC | 6,667,421 | 218,261,591 | 175,928 | 1,451 | 11 |
| SADC | 9,882,959 | 394,845,175 | 737,392 | 3,152 | 15 |
| COMESA | 12,873,957 | 406,102,471 | 735,599 | 1,811 | 20 |
| CEN-SAD a | 14,680,111 |  |  |  | 29 |
| Total AEC | **29,910,442** | **853,520,010** | **2,053,706** | **2,406** | **54** |
| Other regional
blocs | Area
(km²) | Population | GDP (PPP) ($US) | Member
states |
| (millions) | (per capita) |
| WAMZ 1 | 1,602,991 | 264,456,910 | 1,551,516 | 5,867 | 6 |
| SACU 1 | 2,693,418 | 51,055,878 | 541,433 | 10,605 | 5 |
| CEMAC 2 | 3,020,142 | 34,970,529 | 85,136 | 2,435 | 6 |
| UEMOA 1 | 3,505,375 | 80,865,222 | 101,640 | 1,257 | 8 |
| UMA 2 a | 5,782,140 | 84,185,073 | 491,276 | 5,836 | 5 |
| GAFTA 3 a | 5,876,960 | 1,662,596 | 6,355 | 3,822 | 5 |
| AES   | 2,780,159 | 71,374,000 | 179,347 |  | 3 |
| During 2004. Sources: *The World Factbook* 2005, IMF WEO Database.

 Smallest value among de blocs dem compare.
 Largest value among de blocs dem compare.
1: Economic bloc insyd a pillar REC.
2: Dem propose for pillar REC, buh dem object participation.
3: Non-African members of GAFTA be excluded from figures.
a: De area 446,550 km2 dem use give Morocco dey exclude all disputed territories, while 710,850 km2 go include de Moroccan-claimed den partially-controlled parts of Western Sahara (dem claim as de Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic by de Polisario Front). Morocco sanso dey claim Ceuta den Melilla, wey dey make up about 22.8 km2 (8.8 sq mi) more territory dem claim. |

## Read further

* Gabriël Oosthuizen, The Southern African Development Community: The organisation, its history, policies and prospects. Institute for Global Dialogue: Midrand, South Africa, 2006.
* John McCormick, The European Union: Politics and Policies. Westview Press: Boulder, Colorado, 2004.
* Muntschick, Johannes, The Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the European Union (EU). Regionalism and External Influence. Palgrave Macmillan: Cham. 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-45330-9.
* Ramsamy, Prega 2003 Global partnership for Africa. Presentation at the human rights conference on global partnerships for Africa's development, Gaborone: SADC

* Official website
* *Agritrade* website covering trade issues in southern Africa