# Algeria

Algeria

sovereign state, Mediterranean country, country| Part of | France  |
| Year dem found am | 3 July 1962  |
| Name | الجزائر, Algeria, Algeria  |
| Official name | اَلْجُمهُورِيَّة اَلْجَزَائِرِيَّة اَلدِّيمُقرَاطِيَّة اَلشَّعبِيَّة  |
| Native label | الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية, الجزائر  |
| Participant insyd | Sand War  |
| Official language | Arabic, Standard Algerian Berber  |
| Anthem | Kassaman  |
| Culture | culture of Algeria  |
| Motto | By the people and for the people  |
| Motto text | بالشّعب وللشّعب  |
| Continent | Africa  |
| Country | Algeria  |
| Capital | Algiers  |
| Located in time zone | UTC+01:00  |
| Located in or next to body of water | Mediterranean Sea  |
| Located in/on physical feature | North Africa, Muslim world, Arab world  |
| Coordinate location | 28°0′0″N 1°0′0″E  |
| Coordinates of easternmost point | 23°30′0″N 12°0′0″E  |
| Coordinates of northernmost point | 37°5′40″N 7°12′14″E  |
| Coordinates of southernmost point | 18°58′6″N 3°21′28″E  |
| Coordinates of westernmost point | 27°18′55″N 8°40′1″W  |
| Highest point | Mount Tahat  |
| Lowest point | Chott Melrhir  |
| Government ein basic form | semi-presidential system, people's republic  |
| Office held by head of state | President of Algeria  |
| State ein head | Abdelmadjid Tebboune  |
| Office head of government hold | Prime Minister of Algeria  |
| Government ein head | Sifi Ghrieb  |
| Executive body | Government of Algeria  |
| Legislative body | Parliament of Algeria  |
| Highest judicial authority | Supreme Court of Algeria  |
| Central bank | Bank of Algeria  |
| Currency | Algerian dinar  |
| Owner of | El Mouradia Palace  |
| Coextensive with | Africa/Algiers  |
| Driving side | right  |
| Electrical plug type | Type E, Schuko, Europlug  |
| Significant event | Algerian War, Sand War, Algerian Civil War, Evian Accords  |
| Studied by | Algerian studies  |
| Dema official website |   |
| Hashtag | Algeria  |
| Top-level Internet domain | .dz  |
| Main regulatory text | Constitution of Algeria  |
| Flag | flag of Algeria  |
| Coat of arms | Emblem of Algeria  |
| Geography of topic | Geography of Algeria  |
| Get characteristic | not-free country  |
| History of topic | history of Algeria  |
| Official religion | Islam  |
| Railway traffic side | left  |
| Economy of topic | economy of Algeria  |
| Demographics of topic | demographics of Algeria  |
| Madhhab | Malikism  |
| Mobile country code | 603  |
| Country calling code | +213  |
| Emergency phone number | 14, 17, 1548, 1055  |
| GS1 country code | 613  |
| Licence plate code | DZ  |
| Maritime identification digits | 605  |
| Stack Exchange tag |   |
| Unicode character | 🇩🇿  |
| Category for maps or plans | Category:Maps of Algeria  |

**Algeria** alias **People's Democratic Republic of Algeria**, be sam country for North Africa. Tunisia border Algeria go de northeast; Libya go de east; Niger go de southeast; Mali go de southwest, Mauritania, den Western Sahara; Morocco go de West; den de Mediterranean Sea go de north. Dem dey consider am part of de Maghreb region for North Africa. E get semi-arid geography, plus most of de population dey live for de fertile north den de Sahara dey dominate de geography for de south. Algeria dey cover area of 2,381,741 square kilometres (919,595 sq mi), dey make am de worls ein tenth largest nation by area, den de largest nation for Africa insyd, more dan 200 tyms as large as de continent ein smallest country, The Gambia. Plus population of 44 million, Algeria be de tenth-most populous country for Africa insyd, den de 32nd-most populous country for de world insyd. De capital den largest city be Algiers, dey locate for de far north for de Mediterranean coast insyd.

Algeria produce wey dem link am for chaw civilizations, empires den dynasties, wey dey include Numidians, Mauretanians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Mauro-Romans, Byzantines, Umayyads, Ifranids, Abbasids, Rustamids, Idrisids, Sulaymanids, Aghlabids, Fatimids, Zirids, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Marinids, Hafsids den de Zayyanids.

De official languages of Algeria be Arabic den Berber. De majority of Algeria ein population be Arab, wey dey practice Islam. De native Algerian Arabic be de main spoken language. French sanso det serve as administrative den educational language for sam contexts insyd, buh e no get official status.

### Administrative divisions

Dem divide Algeria go 58 provinces (*wilayas*), 553 districts (*daïras*) den 1,541 municipalities (*baladiyahs*). Dem name each province, district, den municipality after ein seat, wey usually ebe de largest city.

Dem change de administrative divisions chaw tyms since independence. Wen dem dey introduce fresh provinces, dem dey keep de numbers of old provinces, hence de non-alphabetical order. Plus dema official numbers, currently (since 1983) dem be:

| # | Wilaya | Area (km2) | Population | map | # | Wilaya | Area (km2) | Population |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Adrar | 402,197 | 439,700 |  | 30 | Ouargla | 211,980 | 552,539 |
| 2 | Chlef | 4,975 | 1,013,718 | 31 | Oran | 2,114 | 1,584,607 |
| 3 | Laghouat | 25,057 | 477,328 | 32 | El Bayadh | 78,870 | 262,187 |
| 4 | Oum El Bouaghi | 6,768 | 644,364 | 33 | Illizi | 285,000 | 54,490 |
| 5 | Batna | 12,192 | 1,128,030 | 34 | Bordj Bou Arréridj | 4,115 | 634,396 |
| 6 | Béjaïa | 3,268 | 915,835 | 35 | Boumerdes | 1,591 | 795,019 |
| 7 | Biskra | 20,986 | 730,262 | 36 | El Taref | 3,339 | 411,783 |
| 8 | Béchar | 161,400 | 274,866 | 37 | Tindouf | 58,193 | 159,000 |
| 9 | Blida | 1,696 | 1,009,892 | 38 | Tissemsilt | 3,152 | 296,366 |
| 10 | Bouïra | 4,439 | 694,750 | 39 | El Oued | 54,573 | 673,934 |
| 11 | Tamanrasset | 556,200 | 198,691 | 40 | Khenchela | 9,811 | 384,268 |
| 12 | Tébessa | 14,227 | 657,227 | 41 | Souk Ahras | 4,541 | 440,299 |
| 13 | Tlemcen | 9,061 | 945,525 | 42 | Tipaza | 2,166 | 617,661 |
| 14 | Tiaret | 20,673 | 842,060 | 43 | Mila | 9,375 | 768,419 |
| 15 | Tizi Ouzou | 3,568 | 1,119,646 | 44 | Ain Defla | 4,897 | 771,890 |
| 16 | Algiers | 273 | 2,947,461 | 45 | Naâma | 29,950 | 209,470 |
| 17 | Djelfa | 66,415 | 1,223,223 | 46 | Ain Timouchent | 2,376 | 384,565 |
| 18 | Jijel | 2,577 | 634,412 | 47 | Ghardaia | 86,105 | 375,988 |
| 19 | Sétif | 6,504 | 1,496,150 | 48 | Relizane | 4,870 | 733,060 |
| 20 | Saïda | 6,764 | 328,685 | 49 | El M'Ghair | 8,835 | 162,267 |
| 21 | Skikda | 4,026 | 904,195 | 50 | El Menia | 62,215 | 57,276 |
| 22 | Sidi Bel Abbès | 9,150 | 603,369 | 51 | Ouled Djellal | 11,410 | 174,219 |
| 23 | Annaba | 1,439 | 640,050 | 52 | Bordj Baji Mokhtar | 120,026 | 16,437 |
| 24 | Guelma | 4,101 | 482,261 | 53 | Béni Abbès | 101,350 | 50,163 |
| 25 | Constantine | 2,187 | 943,112 | 54 | Timimoun | 65,203 | 122,019 |
| 26 | Médéa | 8,866 | 830,943 | 55 | Touggourt | 17,428 | 247,221 |
| 27 | Mostaganem | 2,269 | 746,947 | 56 | Djanet | 86,185 | 17,618 |
| 28 | M'Sila | 18,718 | 991,846 | 57 | In Salah | 131,220 | 50,392 |
| 29 | Mascara | 5,941 | 780,959 | 58 | In Guezzam | 88,126 | 11,202 |

### Largest cities

|

Largest cities anaa towns insyd Algeria
According to de 2008 Census |
| --- |
|  | Rank | Name | Province | Pop. | Rank | Name | Province | Pop. |  |
| Algiers
Oran | 1 | Algiers | Algiers Province | 2,364,230 | 11 | Tébessa | Tébessa Province | 194,461 | Constantine
Annaba |
| 2 | Oran | Oran Province | 803,329 | 12 | El Oued | El Oued Province | 186,525 |
| 3 | Constantine | Constantine Province | 448,028 | 13 | Skikda | Skikda Province | 182,903 |
| 4 | Annaba | Annaba Province | 342,703 | 14 | Tiaret | Tiaret Province | 178,915 |
| 5 | Blida | Blida Province | 331,779 | 15 | Béjaïa | Béjaïa Province | 176,139 |
| 6 | Batna | Batna Province | 289,504 | 16 | Tlemcen | Tlemcen Province | 173,531 |
| 7 | Djelfa | Djelfa Province | 265,833 | 17 | Ouargla | Ouargla Province | 169,928 |
| 8 | Sétif | Sétif Province | 252,127 | 18 | Béchar | Béchar Province | 165,241 |
| 9 | Sidi Bel Abbès | Sidi Bel Abbès Province | 210,146 | 19 | Mostaganem | Mostaganem Province | 162,885 |
| 10 | Biskra | Biskra Province | 204,661 | 20 | Bordj Bou Arréridj | Bordj Bou Arréridj Province | 158,812 |

## General bibliography

* Ageron, Charles-Robert (1991). *Modern Algeria – A History from 1830 to the Present*. Translated from French and edited by Michael Brett. London: Hurst. ISBN 978-0-86543-266-6.
* Aghrout, Ahmed; Bougherira, Redha M. (2004). *Algeria in Transition – Reforms and Development Prospects*. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-34848-5.
* Bennoune, Mahfoud (1988). *The Making of Contemporary Algeria – Colonial Upheavals and Post-Independence Development, 1830–1987*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-30150-3.
* Fanon, Frantz (1966; 2005 paperback). *The Wretched of the Earth*. Grove Press. ASIN B0007FW4AW, ISBN 978-0-8021-4132-3.
* Gibson, Walcot; Cana, Frank Richardson; Girault, Arthur (1911). "Algeria" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). *Encyclopædia Britannica*. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 642–653
* Horne, Alistair (1977). *A Savage War of Peace: Algeria 1954–1962*. Viking Adult. ISBN 978-0-670-61964-1, ISBN 978-1-59017-218-6 (2006 reprint)
* Laouisset, Djamel (2009). *A Retrospective Study of the Algerian Iron and Steel Industry*. New York City: Nova Publishers. ISBN 978-1-61761-190-2.
* Roberts, Hugh (2003). *The Battlefield – Algeria, 1988–2002. Studies in a Broken Polity*. London: Verso Books. ISBN 978-1-85984-684-1.
* Ruedy, John (1992). *Modern Algeria – The Origins and Development of a Nation*. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-34998-9.
* Stora, Benjamin (2001). *Algeria, 1830–2000 – A Short History*. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-3715-1.
* Sidaoui, Riadh (2009). "Islamic Politics and the Military – Algeria 1962–2008". *Religion and Politics – Islam and Muslim Civilisation*. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 0-7546-7418-5.

* Wikimedia Commons
* Wikiquote: Algeria (en)

* People's Democratic Republic of Algeria *Official government website*
* Portal of the First Ministry *Portal of de First Ministry*
* Algeria. *The World Factbook*. Central Intelligence Agency.
* Algeria web resources wey GovPubs provide at de University of Colorado Boulder Libraries
* Algeria at Curlie
* Algeria profile from de BBC News
* *Algeria Atlas Map* (PDF) (Map). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). April 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
* Wikimedia Atlas of Algeria
* Key Development Forecasts for Algeria from International Futures
* EU Neighbourhood Info Centre: Algeria