# China

China

sovereign state, country| Part of | China, Asia  |
| Year dem found am | 1 October 1949  |
| Name | ꠌꠣꠄꠘꠣ  |
| Official name | 中华人民共和国  |
| Native label | 中华人民共和国  |
| Nickname | O Xigante Asiático  |
| Short name | 中国  |
| IPA transcription | ˈfɔɽkərɛpʉblɪkən ˈçiːnɑ  |
| Participant insyd | BASIC countries, Group of Five, China-CELAC Forum  |
| Dey archive for | Hong Kong Baptist University Library Special Collections & Archives  |
| Dem name after | Qin dynasty, center  |
| Found by | Chinese Communist Party  |
| Position held by head of the organization | paramount leader of the People's Republic of China  |
| General secretary | Xi Jinping  |
| Official language | Putonghua  |
| Anthem | March of the Volunteers  |
| Culture | Chinese culture  |
| Continent | Asia  |
| Country | China  |
| Capital | Beijing  |
| Located in time zone | China Standard Time, UTC+08:00, Asia/Shanghai, Asia/Urumqi  |
| Located in/on physical feature | China, East Asia  |
| Territory claimed by | Taiwan  |
| Coordinate location | 35°50′41″N 103°27′7″E  |
| Coordinates of easternmost point | 47°44′7″N 134°46′7″E  |
| Coordinates of northernmost point | 53°33′30″N 123°16′0″E  |
| Coordinates of southernmost point | 18°9′35″N 109°34′30″E  |
| Coordinates of westernmost point | 39°22′48″N 73°29′59″E  |
| Highest point | Mount Everest  |
| Lowest point | Ayding Lake  |
| Government ein basic form | people's republic  |
| Office held by head of state | President of the People's Republic of China  |
| State ein head | Xi Jinping  |
| Office head of government hold | Premier of the People's Republic of China  |
| Party chief representative | Xi Jinping  |
| Government ein head | Li Qiang  |
| Executive body | State Council of the People's Republic of China  |
| Legislative body | National People's Congress  |
| Highest judicial authority | Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China, Supreme People's Procuratorate of the People's Republic of China  |
| Central bank | People's Bank of China  |
| Currency | renminbi  |
| Location of formation | Tiananmen  |
| Driving side | right  |
| Electrical plug type | NEMA 1-15, Europlug, AS/NZS 3112  |
| Dey follow | Republic of China  |
| Dey replace | Republic of China, Inner Mongolian People's Republic, Q15904324, Kingdom Shunzheng, Q15909533  |
| Dema official website |    |
| Hashtag | China, china  |
| Top-level Internet domain | .cn, .中国, .中國, .公司  |
| Main regulatory text | Constitution of the People's Republic of China  |
| Flag | flag of China  |
| Coat of arms | Emblem of China  |
| Geography of topic | Geography of China  |
| Get characteristic | not-free country  |
| History of topic | history of the People's Republic of China, history of China  |
| ‎most populous urban area | Shanghai  |
| Railway traffic side | left  |
| Economy of topic | economy of China  |
| Demographics of topic | demographics of China  |
| Mobile country code | 460  |
| Country calling code | +86  |
| Trunk prefix | 0  |
| Emergency phone number | 119, 110, 120  |
| GS1 country code | 690-699  |
| Licence plate code | RC  |
| Maritime identification digits | 412, 413, 414  |
| Stack Exchange tag |   |
| Unicode character | 🇨🇳  |
| Category for maps or plans | Category:Maps of China  |

**China**, wey dem officially dey call de **People's Republic of China** (**PRC**), be country wey dey East Asia. E get over 1.4 billion people inside, wey make am de second-most populous country after India, plus e represent 17.4% of de world ein population. China stretch across five time zones den e share land border with 14 countries, wey ein land size be almost 9.6 million square kilometers (3,700,000 sq mi), making am de third-largest country by land area. De country get 33 province-level divisions: 22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities, den 2 semi-autonomous special administrative regions. De capital be Beijing, while de most populous city plus biggest financial center be Shanghai.

China be one of de cradles of civilization, as de first human settlers reach de area during de Paleolithic era. By de late 2nd millennium BCE, early dynasties start to emerge for de Yellow River basin inside. Between de 8th den 3rd centuries BCE, de Zhou dynasty ein control start to break down, but during dis period, administrative systems, military strategies, literature, philosophy, den history take shape. For 221 BCE, China unify under de first emperor, wey begin over two millennia of imperial dynasties like Qin, Han, Tang, Yuan, Ming, den Qing. China invent things like gunpowder den paper, build de Great Wall, den develop de Silk Road, wey help spread Chinese culture far den near. But for de late 19th century, China start to lose territories to European powers through unequal treaties.

After plenty struggles, de 1911 Revolution overthrow de Qing dynasty, wey make de Republic of China (ROC) form for 1912. But de new government no fit bring stability, wey lead to de Warlord Era. De Kuomintang (KMT) later reunify de country through de Northern Expedition, but by 1927, civil war start between de KMT den de Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Japan invade China for 1937, so de two sides (KMT den CCP) join forces for de Second Sino-Japanese War. After Japan lose de war, de KMT den CCP continue deir civil war. By 1949, de Communists win den establish de People's Republic of China (PRC), wey make de Nationalist government escape go Taiwan. Since den, both PRC den ROC (Taiwan) dey claim say dem be de real China.

For de early years, de PRC try implement communist policies, but e no work well. De Great Leap Forward cause de Great Chinese Famine, wey millions die, den de Cultural Revolution bring social chaos den persecution under Mao Zedong. After de Sino-Soviet split, China start to fix ein relations with de US, especially after de Shanghai Communiqué for 1972. By 1978, economic reforms shift de country from strict socialism go market economy, wey cause massive economic growth. But for 1989, de Tiananmen Square protests den de crackdown halt political liberalization.

Today, China be unitary one-party socialist republic wey de CCP dey control. E be one of de five permanent members of de UN Security Council, den for 1971, de UN switch de China seat from ROC (Taiwan) go PRC. China be founding member of groups like AIIB, Silk Road Fund, New Development Bank, den RCEP. E be also member of BRICS, G20, APEC, SCO, den East Asia Summit. De Chinese economy be de world ein biggest by PPP-adjusted GDP, second-biggest by nominal GDP, den second-wealthiest country. But e dey rank low for democracy, human rights, den religious freedom. China be de fastest-growing major economy, de world ein biggest manufacturer den exporter, den de second-biggest importer. E be nuclear power with de biggest standing army den second-largest defense budget. People dey see China as emerging superpower. E be known for ein rich culture, food, den ein 59 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, wey be de second-highest for any country.

## Government den politics

### Administrative divisions

List of administrative divisions insyd de PRC| Provinces (省) | * Anhui (安徽省)
* Fujian (福建省)
* Gansu (甘肃省)
* Guangdong (广东省)
* Guizhou (贵州省)
* Hainan (海南省)
* Hebei (河北省)
* Heilongjiang (黑龙江省)
* Henan (河南省)
* Hubei (湖北省)
* Hunan (湖南省)
* Jiangsu (江苏省)
* Jiangxi (江西省)
* Jilin (吉林省)
* Liaoning (辽宁省)
* Qinghai (青海省)
* Shaanxi (陕西省)
* Shandong (山东省)
* Shanxi (山西省)
* Sichuan (四川省)
* Yunnan (云南省)
* Zhejiang (浙江省)
 |
| *Claimed Province* | *Taiwan* (台湾省), *governed by the Republic of China* |
| Autonomous regions (自治区) | * Guangxi (广西壮族自治区)
* Inner Mongolia / *Nei Menggu* (内蒙古自治区)
* Ningxia (宁夏回族自治区)
* Tibet / *Xizang* (西藏自治区)
* Xinjiang (新疆维吾尔自治区)
 |
| Municipalities (直辖市) | * Beijing (北京市)
* Chongqing (重庆市)
* Shanghai (上海市)
* Tianjin (天津市)
 |
| Special administrative regions (特别行政区) | * Hong Kong / *Xianggang* (香港特别行政区)
* Macau / *Aomen* (澳门特别行政区)
 |

## Infrastructure

After a decades-long infrastructural boom, China produce chaw world-leading infrastructural projects: e get de largest high-speed rail network, de most supertall skyscrapers, de largest power plant (de Three Gorges Dam), de most extensive ultra-high-voltage transmission network den innovation infrastructure, den a global satellite navigation system plus de largest number of satellites.

## Demographics

**Urbanization**

| Largest cities anaa municipalities insyd China

*China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2020* Urban Population and Urban Temporary Population |
| --- |
| Rank | Name | Province | Pop. | Rank | Name | Province | Pop. |
| 1 | Shanghai | SH | 24,281,400 | 11 | Hong Kong | HK | 7,448,900 |
| 2 | Beijing | BJ | 19,164,000 | 12 | Zhengzhou | HA | 7,179,400 |
| 3 | Guangzhou | GD | 13,858,700 | 13 | Nanjing | JS | 6,823,500 |
| 4 | Shenzhen | GD | 13,438,800 | 14 | Xi'an | SN | 6,642,100 |
| 5 | Tianjin | TJ | 11,744,400 | 15 | Jinan | SD | 6,409,600 |
| 6 | Chongqing | CQ | 11,488,000 | 16 | Shenyang | LN | 5,900,000 |
| 7 | Dongguan | GD | 9,752,500 | 17 | Qingdao | SD | 5,501,400 |
| 8 | Chengdu | SC | 8,875,600 | 18 | Harbin | HL | 5,054,500 |
| 9 | Wuhan | HB | 8,652,900 | 19 | Hefei | AH | 4,750,100 |
| 10 | Hangzhou | ZJ | 8,109,000 | 20 | Changchun | JL | 4,730,900 |

1. **^** Population of Hong Kong as of 2018 estimate
2. **^** De data of Chongqing insyd de list be de data of "Metropolitan Developed Economic Area", wich dey contain two parts: "City Proper" den "Metropolitan Area". De "City proper" dey consist of 9 districts: Yuzhong, Dadukou, Jiangbei, Shapingba, Jiulongpo, Nan'an, Beibei, Yubei, & Banan, get de urban population of 5,646,300 as of 2018. Den de "Metropolitan Area" dey consist of 12 districts: Fuling, Changshou, Jiangjin, Hechuan, Yongchuan, Nanchuan, Qijiang, Dazu, Bishan, Tongliang, Tongnan, & Rongchang, get de urban population of 5,841,700. Total urban population of all 26 districts of Chongqing be up to 15,076,600.

### Government

* The Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (insyd English)

### General information

* China at a Glance from *People's Daily*
* Country profile – China at BBC News
* China. *The World Factbook*. Central Intelligence Agency.
* China, People's Republic of (archived 2012) from *UCB Libraries GovPubs*

### Maps

* Google Maps—China
* Geographic data related to China at OpenStreetMap