# Amirika Hongkod

**Amirika Hongkod** (Inggilis: Central America) nopo nga kinoyonon id pintangaan Amirika. Kinoyonon diti nopo nga ponongkabaatan do Amirika Koibuton (North America)mitopis id ponongkabaatan kosilaon do Amirika Kabaatan (South America).

## Kowoyo-woyoo

Maap do Amirika Hongkod
Amirika Hongkod kiginayo do 524,000 kilomito poinsorili toi 0.1 % mantad ginayo do pogun. Ontok di toun 2009, ginumu nopo do mongi-ngiyon nga 41,739,000 tulun. Ninsakan soginumu do 77 tulun montok sokilomito ginayo toi 206 tulun montok sabatu ginayo.

Ogumu nulu tapui om asaru do gumogor tana id kinoyonon diti. Ontok di toun 1931 om 1972, kinaantakan gumogor tana toi bunsuton minongurias do Managua, kakadaian tagayo do Nikaragua. Tana tosubur mantad kinoluyungon laba popoimagon do pomutanaman id konuluhan. Kinoyonon diti id watas Limping Karibia.

## Pokomoyon

Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua om Panama maya kotinaruan nopo nga pogun koturu id Amerika Tanga id geografi politik
Istila "Amerika Hongkod" kopgowit rati di misuai tumanud do konteks:

* Skim geo United Nations montok Amerika minopotolinahas *Amerika Hongkod* sabaagi toinsanai pogun id tana tagayo Amerika Koibutan ii poingion id kabaatan Amerika Syarikat. Mantad dii, koumbal Meksiko posuangon id statistik sabaagi soboogian mantad Amerika Tanga, mulong pia maya sajara politik Meksiko nopo nga aandasan sabaagi soboogian mantad Amerika koibutan.
* Amerika Hongkod kosoruan kahangkum do Meksiko id kabaatan, turu pogun Amerika Hongkod id koibutan om sorili do Caribbean id kosilahon. Colombia om Venezuela ii poingion id Amerika Koibutan miwolit do Caribbean nga kosuang kadau. Koumbal ii do amu posuangon Caribbean mantad subrantau diti, om kinoiyonon Guiana nopo nga apagau do posuangon. Tumanud toud, istila "Amerika Hongkod" koumbal gunoon sabaagi sinonim montok "Amerika Tanga" gisom do toun 1962**. Id konteks Ibero-America (pogun ii momoguno boros Portugis- om Sepanyol- id Amerika), toinsanai benua Amerika nasalu sabaagi iso benua ii roitan do América, om Amerika Hongkod sabaagi sub kinoiyonon montokkontinen ii nokoturidong miampai turu pogun id koibutan Mexico om kabaatan Colombia.
* Montok mogigion limo pogun bagas puru *Federal Republic of Central America* ii no tu Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, om Nicaragua, haro pisuaian mantad istila boros Sepanyol "*América Central*" om "*Centroamérica*". Goduo-duo dii milo podolinon kumaa "Central America", "América Central" nopo nga lobi sumuku kumaa kinoiyonon geografi turu pogun miampai Meksiko om Colombia, "Centroamérica" nopo nga lobi posotolon id konteks tinaru om sajara miampai bagas puru piisaan.
* Id *Portuguese* om id boros Sepanyol miampai boros suai id toinsanai kopulouon Antilles insaru do posuangon id pokomoyon Amerika Tanga. Dominican Republik nga puru poimponu id Sistem Papasarabak Amerika Tanga.

## Demografik

### Linaid Koposion

Katayadan timpu poimpasi kosusuon ontok toun 2023, tumanud Tinimungan Bank Pomogunan.

World Bank Group (2023)| Countries and territories | 2023 | Historical data | recovery from COVID-19: 2019→2023 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| All | Male | Female | Sex gap | 2014 | 2014 →2019 | 2019 | 2019 →2020 | 2020 | 2020 →2021 | 2021 | 2021 →2022 | 2022 | 2022 →2023 | 2023 |
|  Costa Rica | 80.80 | 78.13 | 83.42 | 5.29 | 80.23 | 0.07 | 80.30 | −0.57 | 79.72 | −1.67 | 78.05 | 1.27 | 79.32 | 1.48 | 80.80 | 0.50 |
|  Panama | 79.59 | 76.65 | 82.56 | 5.90 | 77.36 | 1.15 | 78.51 | −2.18 | 76.33 | 0.67 | 77.00 | 2.32 | 79.32 | 0.27 | 79.59 | 1.08 |
|  Nicaragua | 74.95 | 72.31 | 77.42 | 5.11 | 72.79 | 0.97 | 73.76 | −3.00 | 70.77 | −0.29 | 70.48 | 3.98 | 74.46 | 0.48 | 74.95 | 1.18 |
|  Belize | 73.57 | 70.93 | 76.50 | 5.57 | 71.44 | 1.14 | 72.58 | −1.00 | 71.58 | −0.66 | 70.92 | 1.27 | 72.19 | 1.38 | 73.57 | 0.99 |
| **World** | **73.33** | **70.95** | **75.84** | **4.89** | **71.78** | **1.09** | **72.87** | **−0.68** | **72.18** | **−0.97** | **71.22** | **1.75** | **72.97** | **0.36** | **73.33** | **0.46** |
|  Honduras | 72.88 | 70.35 | 75.50 | 5.16 | 71.03 | 1.09 | 72.12 | −1.26 | 70.86 | −1.37 | 69.49 | 3.22 | 72.72 | 0.17 | 72.88 | 0.76 |
|  Guatemala | 72.60 | 70.31 | 74.88 | 4.56 | 70.94 | 0.70 | 71.64 | −1.67 | 69.97 | −2.11 | 67.86 | 3.35 | 71.21 | 1.40 | 72.60 | 0.96 |
|  El Salvador | 72.10 | 67.52 | 76.26 | 8.74 | 71.14 | 0.58 | 71.72 | −1.48 | 70.24 | −0.30 | 69.94 | 2.03 | 71.97 | 0.13 | 72.10 | 0.37 |

Change in life expectancy in Central America from 2019 to 2021
### Kakadayan Tagayo

* Guatemala City
* San Salvador
* Tegucigalpa
* Managua
* San Jose, Costa Rica
* Panama City
* Belmopan

Ginumu do mogigion id Amerika Tanga nopo nga aagaga' soginumu 50,956,791 ontok toun 2021. Miampai kinogoyoon 523,780 kilometer pasagi (202,230 watu pasagi), kinoiyonon diti haro ginumu mogigion soginumu 97.3 tulun monikidi kilometer pasagi (252 tulun monikid watu pasagi). Indeks koburuon tulun tumanud agaan toun 2017.|

Countries of Central America| Country | Area | Population (2021 est.) | Population density | Capital | Official language | Human development index |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Belize | 22,966 km2 (8,867 sq mi) | 400,031 | 17/km2 (45/sq mi) | Belmopan | English | 0.708 **High** |
| Costa Rica | 51,100 km2 (19,700 sq mi) | 5,153,957 | 101/km2 (261/sq mi) | San José | Spanish | 0.794 **High** |
| El Salvador | 21,041 km2 (8,124 sq mi) | 6,314,167 | 300/km2 (777/sq mi) | San Salvador | Spanish | 0.674 **Medium** |
| Guatemala | 108,889 km2 (42,042 sq mi) | 17,608,483 | 162/km2 (419/sq mi) | Guatemala City | Spanish | 0.650 **Medium** |
| Honduras | 112,090 km2 (43,280 sq mi) | 10,278,345 | 92/km2 (237/sq mi) | Tegucigalpa | Spanish | 0.617 **Medium** |
| Nicaragua | 130,370 km2 (50,340 sq mi) | 6,850,540 | 53/km2 (136/sq mi) | Managua | Spanish | 0.658 **Medium** |
| Panama | 75,420 km2 (29,120 sq mi) | 4,351,267 | 58/km2 (149/sq mi) | Panama City | Spanish | 0.789 **High** |
| Total | 521,876 km2 (201,497 sq mi) |  | - | - | - | 0.699 |

Largest metropolitan areas in Central America| City | Country | Population | Census Year | % of National Population |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Guatemala City | Guatemala | 5,700,000 | 2010 | 26% |
| San Salvador | El Salvador | 2,415,217 | 2009 | 39% |
| Managua | Nicaragua | 2,045,000 | 2012 | 34% |
| Tegucigalpa | Honduras | 1,819,000 | 2010 | 24% |
| San Pedro Sula | Honduras | 1,600,000 | 2010 | 21%+4  |
| Panama City | Panama | 1,400,000 | 2010 | 37% |
| San José | Costa Rica | 1,275,000 | 2013 | 30% |

### Boros

Boros poimagon majoriti id Hongkod Amerika nopo nga Sepanyol, nga Belize okon, hinombo boros poimagon nopo nga Inggilis. Boros Mayan nopo nga sala iso boros paganakan miampai agaaga 26 boros di kopionit. Guatemala maya poimagon miopoturidong 21 mantad boros di ontok 1996. Xinca, Miskito, om Garifuna nga haro id Hongkod Amerika.

Languages and population in Central America (2010)| Rank | Country | Population | % Spanish | % Mayan languages | % English | % Xinca | % Garifuna |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Guatemala | 17,284,000 | 64.7% | 34.3% | 0.0% | 0.7% | 0.3% |
| 2 | Honduras | 8,447,000 | 97.1% | 2.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.9% |
| 3 | El Salvador | 6,108,000 | 99.0% | 1.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 4 | Nicaragua | 6,028,000 | 87.4% | 7.1% | 5.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 5 | Costa Rica | 4,726,000 | 97.2% | 1.8% | 1.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 6 | Panamá | 3,652,000 | 86.8% | 0.0% | 4.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 7 | Belize | 408,867 | 49.8% | 8.9% | 70.0% | 0.0% | 7.0% |

### Tinimungan Etnik

Peta tulun etnik do Hongkod Amerika pogulu piromutan miampai tulun Eropah
Tongondu Hongkod Amerika
Kinoiyonon diti nopo nga poingharo-haro do tinimungan etnik. Kogumuan mogigion nopo nga mestizo, miampai sinakagon Mayan om Afrika, miampai mogisuusuai tinimungan tulun sandad suai miagal ko tulun Miskito. Immigran mantad Arab, Yahudi, China, Eropah om suai-suai po minogowit do kopomotuhangan tinimungan kumaa kinoiyonon dii.

Ethnic groups in Central America (2010)| Country | Population | % Amerindian | % White | % Mestizo/Mixed | % Black | % Other |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Belize | 324,528 | 6.3% | 5.0% | 49.6% | 32.0% | 4.1% |
| Costa Rica | 4,301,712 | 4.0% | 82.3% | 15.7% | 1.3% | 0.7% |
| El Salvador | 6,340,889 | 1.0% | 12.0% | 86.0% | 0.13% | 1.0% |
| Guatemala | 15,700,000 | 42.0% | 4.0% | 53.0% | 0.2% | 0.8% |
| Honduras | 8,143,564 | 6.0% | 5.5% | 82.0% | 6.0% | 0.5% |
| Nicaragua | 5,815,500 | 5.0% | 17.0% | 69.0% | 9.0% | 0.0% |
| Panama | 3,474,562 | 6.0% | 10.0% | 65.0% | 14.0% | 5.0% |
| **Total** | 42,682,190 | 10.04% | 17.04% | 59.77% | 9.77% | 2.91% |

### Tinimungan Ugama

### Katederal

* Cathedral of Guatemala City Guatemala
* Immaculate Conception Cathedral, Managua Nicaragua
* San Salvador Cathedral El Salvador
* Metropolitan Cathedral of San José Costa Rica
* Metropolitan Cathedral of Panama City Panama
* Tegucigalpa Cathedral Honduras
* Holy Redeemer Cathedral Belize

Ugama poinlobi id Hongkod Amerika nopo nga Kristian (95.6%). Tuminimpuun maya kinasaladan Sepanyol id Hongkod Amerika ontok ohotusan ko-16, Katolik nokosiliu sabaagi ugama ii ointutunan id kinoiyonon diti gisom satanga koiso ohotusan ko-20. Mantad 1960-an, haro koingkawason tinimungan kristian suai lolobi po Protestan, kaamung nogi koturidongon ugama suai om hari nogi tulun ii amu kaakun do kiugama.

Proportions of the population by religion (2020)| Country | Roman Catholic | Protestant | Other Christian | Non-Affiliated | Other |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Belize | 47.4% | 34.5% | 7.1% | 6.8% | 3.2% |
| Costa Rica | 72.5% | 19.5% | 2.4% | 4.5% | 1.1% |
| El Salvador | 55.8% | 35.3% | 3.6% | 5.0% | 0.3% |
| Guatemala | 55.4% | 25.9% | 14.3% | 4.0% | 0.4% |
| Honduras | 64.9% | 29.1% | 2.2% | 3.1% | 0.7% |
| Nicaragua | 58.3% | 36.7% | 1.4% | 3.4% | 0.1% |
| Panama | 66.1% | 23.9% | 1.8% | 4.2% | 3.0% |

**Toud: Jason Mandrik, Operation World Statistics (2020). Protestantisme id Hongkod Americk nopo nga kahangkum do tinimungan Kristian mimpori miampai ginumu protestan id kinoiyonon diti (+80%) nopo nga Evangelical ii suai tumanud kotumbayaan sandad.
* Tinimungan Kristian suai kohimpit do Sasambayangan (Orthodoks, Episkopal, om suusuai po.) om sasambayangan kontemporari (Mormon, Adventist, Scientology, om suusuai po.), haro nogi Kristian aiso denominasi ii tinimungan ii togumu lolobi po id Guatemala.

### Pondidikan

* List of architecture schools in Central America
* List of universities in Belize
* List of universities in Costa Rica
* List of universities in El Salvador
* List of universities in Guatemala
* List of universities in Honduras
* List of universities in Nicaragua
* List of universities in Panama