# Colombia

| Republic of Colombia*República de Colombia* (Spanish) |
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Flag

Coat of arms

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| **Motto:**"Libertad y Orden" (Spanish)"Freedom and Order" |
| **Anthem:Himno Nacional de la República de Colombia* (Spanish) "National Anthem of the Republic of Colombia" |
| Location of Colombia (dark green) |
| Capitalom kakadayan bobos agayo | Bogotá ﻿ / ﻿ |
| Boros rasmi | Spanish |
| Recognized regional languages | Creole English (in San Andrés and Providencia) 64 other languages |
| Tinimungan etnik (2018 census) | * 87.58% Mestizo-White
* 6.84% Afro-Colombians
* 4.31% Indigenous
* 0.05% Raizal
* 0.01% Palenquero
* 0.01% Romani
* 1.35% not stated
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| Ugama (2022) | * 70.2% Catholicism
* 16.8% other Christian
* 11.1% no religion
* 1.9% other
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| Demonim | Colombian |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
|  |
| • President  | Gustavo Petro |
| • Vice President  | Francia Márquez |
|  |
| Kotinanan perundangan | Congress |
| • Upper house | Senate |
| • Lower house | Chamber of Representatives |
| Independence from Spain |
|  |
| • Declared  | 20 July 1810 |
| • Recognized  | 7 August 1819 |
| • Last unitisation  | 5 August 1886 |
| • Secession of Panama  | 6 November 1903 |
| • Current Constitution | 4 July 1991 |
|  |
| Area |
| • Total | 1,141,748 km2 (440,831 sq mi) (25th) |
| •  Waig  (%) | 2.1 (as of 2015) |
| Population |
| • 2024 estimate |  52,695,952 (27th) |
| • Density | 46.15/km2 (119.5/sq mi) (174th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
| • Total |  $1.042 trillion (32nd) |
| • Per kapita |  $19,770 (82nd) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
| • Ginumu |  $386.076 billion (46th) |
| • Per kapita |  $7,327 (97th) |
| Gini (2022) |  54.8 high |
| HDI (2023) |  0.788 high · 83rd |
| Mato tusin | Colombian peso (COP) |
| Zon timpu | UTC−5 (COT) |
| Date format | DMY |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +57 |
| Kod ISO 3166 | CO |
| Internet TLD | .co |
| 1. **^** Although the Colombian Constitution specifies Spanish (*Castellano*) as the official language in all Colombian territory, other languages spoken in the country by ethnic groups – approximately 68 languages – each is also official in its territory. English is also official in the archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina.
2. **^** The official Colombian time is controlled and coordinated by the National Institute of Metrology.
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**Colombia**, nopo maya rasmi nga **Republik Colombia**, iso pogun ii poingiliu id Amerika Selatan miampai koiyonon kopulauan id Amerika Utara. Tana tagayo Colombia nopo nga mirontob miampai Rahat Caribbean id Utara, Venezuela id timur om timur laut, Brazil id tenggara, Peru om Ecuador id selatan om barat daya, Lautan Pasifik id barat, om Panama id barat laut. Abaagi o Colombia kumaa 32 jabatan. Watas Ibu Kota Bogota nopo nga kakadayan tagayo id pogun dii i nosiliu do tuan walai montok hab kousinan om koubasanan gulu. Koiyonon kakadayan do suai nopo nga kohompit do Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Cúcuta, Ibagué, Villavicencio om Bucaramanga. Kiginayo o koiyonon di solinaab do 1,141,748 kilometer persegi (440,831 watu persegi) om kipopulasi kiikiro 52 juta. Opuhawang tinungkusan koubasanan ii kohompit do boros, ugama, naansakan om inus ii popokito do sajara dau sabaagi tana jajahan ii pinopiamung do roromu-roromu koubasanan ii noowit mantad imigrasi Eropah om Timur Tanga, miampai noowit do diaspora Afrika, om nogi mogikaakawo tamadun tulun Sandad di pogulu po. Boros Sepanyol nopo nga boros rasmi sundung do noiktiraf o boros suai id taang serantau ii nopo nga Creole, Inggilis om 64 boros suai.

## Sajara

### Era pra Colombia

Pita koiyonon koubasanan pra Colombia
Gama do koiyonon dau, wilayah Colombia baino nopo nga wawayaan tamadun koulunan gulu mantad Mesoamerika om Caribbean kumaa lembah Andes om Amazon. Kinorubaan arkeologi totos totuo' nopo nga mantad koiyonon Pubenza om El Totumo id Lembah Magdalena 100 kilometer barat daya Bogota. Nokoimpuun o koiyonon diti mantad zaman Paleoindian (18,000-8000 SM). Id Puerto Hormiga om koiyonon do suai, bagas kinorubaan do mantad Zaman Arkaik (~8000–2000 BC). Topod-topod dii nopo nga pinopokito do kiwaa mogiigiyon gulu id wilayah El Abra om Tequendama id Cundinamarca. Tombikar totos totuo' nogi nga norubaan id Amerika, id San Jacinto kitadauwulan do 5000-4000 BC.

## Geografi

Pita topografi do Colombia
Geografi Colombia nopo nga kikouyuuyuo do onom koiyonon sandad ii popokito do kouyuo unik mantad koiyonon banjaran gunung Andes; rantai Pantai Pasifik; koiyonon pantai Caribbean; Llanos (gana); koiyonon talun rasam Amazon; kumaa koiyonon insular, mantad do pulou-pulou id koduuduo rahat Atlantik om Pasifik. Miilang iti do maritim miampai do Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Jamaica, Haiti om Republik Dominican.

### Iklim

Pita Colombia mantad Köppen climate classification
Iklim Colombia nopo nga kikouyuo sabaagi variasi koposolimbahan tropika id suang onom koiyonon sandad tumanud do rinanggou, linasu, kosogubon, tongus om rasam. Kiwaa mogikaakawo zon iklim do Colombia kohompit no do talun rasam tropika, savana, gana sakot, gana togis om iklim nulu.

## Karajaan om politik

Casa de Nariño nopo nga walai rasmi om tiyonon kumalaja gulu do Presiden Colombia.
Karajaan Colombia nopo nga id suang do rangka presidential participatory democratic ii tinoodo do presiden id suang Porlombagaan 1991. Kopiagal miampai do prinsip popitongkiad kuasa, binaagi do karajaan kumaa tolu raan: raan eksekutif, raan porundangan om raan kohakiman.

Sabaagi luguan raan eksekutif, Presiden Colombia nopo nga berkhidmat sabaagi luguan pogun om luguan karajaan, tonudon do Naib Presidon om Majlis Montiri. Pilion o presiden maya tundi kaanangan montok berkhidmat id iso penggal apat toun (ontok 2015, pinasaga do Kongres Colombia do pemansuhan pindaan perlembagaan 2004 ii minonimban rontob iso penggal montok presiden kumaa rontob duo penggal). Id taang wilayah kuasa eksekutif nopo nga nigitan do gabenor jabatan, datuk kakadayan perbandaran om pontadbir momogun montok subboogian pontabiran di lobi okoro miagal ko corregimientos toi ko' comunas. Toinsanan pomilian raya wilayah nopo nga poindalanon do sontoun om limo wulan kalapas pomilian raya presiden.

Capitolio Nacional, tirikohon do Kongres
Raan porundangan karajaan nopo nga noobi maya nasional do Kongres, iso institusi drikameral mantad do 166 tirikohon Diwan Rakyat om 102 tirikohon Senat. Diwan Pogun nopo nga pinili maya nasional om Diwan Mongobi Rakyat ii nopili id watas pomilian raya. Puru koduuduo diwan nopo nga nopili montok berkhidmat solinaid apat toun duo wulan pogulu presiden ii maya do tundi kaanangan.

Raan kohakiman nopo nga binuruan do apat mahkamah takawas, mantad do Mahkamah Agung ii manarampas kokomoi ahal keseksaan om sivil, Majlis Pogun ii kitonggungan poimbida montok undang-undang pontadbiran om nogi manahak pason undang-undang kumaa eksekutif, Mahkamah Porlombagaan ii kitonggungan montok mantamong integriti porlombagaan Colombia, miampai Majlis Takawas Kohakiman kitonggungan montok mongaudit raan kohakiman. Colombia nopo nga manarampas sistom undang-undang sivil mantad 1991 ii ginuno maya sistom pormusuhan

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|  | Jabatan | Ibu kota |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 |  Amazonas | Leticia |
| 2 |  Antioquia | Medellín |
| 3 |  Arauca | Arauca |
| 4 |  Atlántico | Barranquilla |
| 5 |  Bolívar | Cartagena |
| 6 |  Boyacá | Tunja |
| 7 |  Caldas | Manizales |
| 8 |  Caquetá | Florencia |
| 9 |  Casanare   | Yopal |
| 10 |  Cauca | Popayán |
| 11 |  Cesar | Valledupar       |
| 12 |  Chocó | Quibdó |
| 13 |  Córdoba | Montería |
| 14 |  Cundinamarca | Bogotá |
| 15 |  Guainía | Inírida |
| 16 |  Guaviare | San José del Guaviare |
| 17 |  Huila | Neiva |

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|  | Jabatan | Ibu kota |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 18 |  La Guajira   | Riohacha |
| 19 |  Magdalena | Santa Marta |
| 20 |  Meta | Villavicencio |
| 21 |  Nariño | Pasto |
| 22 |  Norte de Santander | Cúcuta |
| 23 |  Putumayo | Mocoa |
| 24 |  Quindío | Armenia |
| 25 |  Risaralda | Pereira |
| 26 |  San Andrés, Providencia<br id="mwB-Y"><br>and Santa Catalina | San Andrés |
| 27 |  Santander | Bucaramanga |
| 28 |  Sucre | Sincelejo |
| 29 |  Tolima | Ibagué |
| 30 |  Valle del Cauca | Cali |
| 31 |  Vaupés | Mitú |
| 32 |  Vichada | Puerto Carreño |
| 33 |  Bogotá | Bogotá |

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## Ekonomi

Colombia GDP maya sektor ontok 2017
Bancolombia headquarter id MedellínId aspek sajara ekonomi agraria, nokoburu tomod o Colombia ontok pompod dau miampai do 15.8% mantad tenaga kukumalaja id pomutanaman, miampai nakaanu do 6.6% mantad KDNK; 20% mantad tenaga kukumalaja id industri om 65% id perkhimatan miampai do 33% om 60% mantad KDNK. Kopolobusan ekonomi pogun nopo nga kogumuan mantad pokionuan domestik di agaras. Pomoomoli nopo nga pomogunoon mantad tonsi walai sabaagi komponen tagayo id KDNK.

## Sukuon

Skyline do Bogotá
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