# Open-mid front unrounded vowel

| Open-mid front unrounded vowel |
| --- |
| ɛ |
| IPA Number | 303 |
| Audio sample |
|
source · help |
| Encoding |
| Entity (decimal) | `Tɛmplet:Infobox IPA/format numbers` |
| Unicode (hex) | Tɛmplet:Infobox IPA/format numbers |
| X-SAMPA | `E` |
| Braille | Tɛmplet:Braille cell |
| Tɛmplet:Infobox IPA/format numbers |
| Tɛmplet:Infobox IPA/image box |

| IPA: Vowels |
| --- |
|

|  | Front | Central | Back |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Close | i

y | ɨ

ʉ | ɯ

u |
| Near-close | ɪ

ʏ |  |
ʊ |
| Close-mid | e

ø | ɘ

ɵ | ɤ

o |
| Mid | e̞

ø̞ | ə | ɤ̞

o̞ |
| Open-mid | ɛ

œ | ɜ

ɞ | ʌ

ɔ |
| Near-open | æ
 | ɐ |  |
| Open | a

ɶ | ä
 | ɑ

ɒ |

 |
|

---

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* audio
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Legend: unrounded • rounded |

**"Open-mid front unrounded vowel"**, bee "**low-mid front unrounded vowel"**, nyɛla vaawuli kumsi ba'shɛli din kuri bukaata bala tɔɣisibu puuni. Dalinli din be International Phonetic Alphabetdin zaani n tiri lala kumsi ŋɔ Latin yaɣ'shɛli n zaŋ ti Greek bachibaligu epsilon, ⟨ɛ⟩.

## Nahingbana

* Its vowel height is open-mid, also known as low-mid, which means the tongue is positioned halfway between an open vowel (a low vowel) and a mid vowel.
* Its vowel backness is front, which means the tongue is positioned forward in the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a consonant.
* It is unrounded, which means that the lips are not rounded.

## Din yirina shɛm

| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Akan (Twi) | **ɛ**y**ɛ** | [ɛjɛ] | 'it is good/fine' | See Akan phonology |
| Arabic |  |  |  |  | See Imāla |
| Armenian | Eastern | **է**ջ/ēj | [ɛd͡ʒ] | 'page' |  |
| Bavarian | Amstetten dialect | Tɛmplet:Example needed | Typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨æ⟩. |
| Bengali | **এ**ক/ek | [ɛk] | 'one' | Alternative transcription and phonetic realisation of [æ] and an allophone of [e]. See Bengali phonology |
| Bulgarian | п**е**т/pet | [pɛt̪] | 'five' | See Bulgarian phonology |
| Catalan | *s**e**t* | [ˈsɛt] | 'seven' | See Catalan phonology |
| Chinese | Mandarin | 天 / *ti**ān | [tʰi̯ɛn˥] | 'sky' | Height varies between mid and open depending on the speaker. See Standard Chinese phonology |
| Chuvash | ҫ**е**пĕç | ['ɕɛp̬ɘɕ] | 'gentle, tender' |  |
| Czech | *l**e**d* | [lɛt] | 'ice' | In Bohemian Czech, this vowel varies between open-mid front [ɛ], open-mid near-front [ɛ̠] and mid near-front [ɛ̝̈]. See Czech phonology |
| Danish | Standard | *fr**i**sk* | [ˈfʁɛsk] | 'fresh' | Most often transcribed in IPA with ⟨æ⟩. See Danish phonology |
| Dutch | Standard | *b**e**d* | [bɛt]  | 'bed' | See Dutch phonology |
| The Hague | *j**ij | [jɛ̞ː]  | 'you' | Corresponds to [ɛi] in standard Dutch. |
| English | General American | *b**e**d* | [bɛd]  | 'bed' |  |
| Northern England | May be somewhat lowered. |
| Received Pronunciation | Older RP speakers pronounce a closer vowel [e̞]. See English phonology |
| General Australian | Lowered by some speakers from the typical close-mid front [e]. See Australian English phonology |
| Scottish |  |
| Cockney | *f**a**t* | [fɛt] | 'fat' |  |
| Singaporean |  |
| New Zealand | See New Zealand English phonology |
| Some Broad South African speakers | Other speakers realize this vowel as [æ] or [a]. See South African English phonology |
| Belfast | *d**ay**s* | [dɛːz] | 'days' | Pronounced [iə] in closed syllables; corresponds to [eɪ] in RP. |
| Zulu | *m**a**te* | [mɛt] | 'mate' | Speakers exhibit a met-mate merger. |
| Faroese | *fr**e**kt* | [fɹɛʰkt] | 'greedy' | See Faroese phonology |
| French | *b**ê**te* | [bɛt̪]  | 'beast' | See French phonology |
| Galician | *f**e**rro* | [ˈfɛro̝] | 'iron' | See Galician phonology |
| Georgian | გ**ე**დი/g**e**di | [ɡɛdi] | 'swan' |  |
| German | Standard | *B**e**tt* | [b̥ɛt]  | 'bed' | Also described as mid [ɛ̝]. See Standard German phonology |
| Franconian accent | *od**er | [ˈoːdɛ] | 'or' | Used instead of [ɐ]. See Standard German phonology |
| Coastal Northern accents |
| Swabian accent | *f**e**tt* | [fɛt] | 'fat' | Contrasts with the close-mid [e]. See Standard German phonology |
| Western Swiss accents | *S**ee | [z̥ɛː] | 'lake' | Close-mid [eː] in other accents; contrasts with the near-open [æː]. See Standard German phonology |
| Hindustani | Hindi | रहना | [ˈɾɛɦna] | 'to stay' | See Hindustani phonology |
| Urdu | رہنا‎ |
| Italian | *b**e**ne* | [ˈbɛːne]  | 'good' | See Italian phonology |
| Kaingang | *mbr**e | [ˈᵐbɾɛ] | 'with' |  |
| Korean | 매미 / *m**ae**mi* | [mɛːmi] | 'cicada' | See Korean phonology |
| Kurdish | Kurmanji (Northern) | *h**e**vde* | [hɛvdɛ] | 'seventeen' | See Kurdish phonology |
| Sorani (Central) | هه‌ڤده/h**e**vde | [hɛvdæ] |
| Pehlewî (Southern) | [hɛvdæ] |
| Limburgish | *cr**è**me* | [kʀ̝ɛːm] | 'cream' | The example word is from the Maastrichtian dialect. |
| Lithuanian | *m**e**sti* | [mɛs̪t̪ɪ] | 'throw' | See Lithuanian phonology |
| Lower Sorbian | *s**e**rp* | [s̪ɛrp] | 'sickle' |  |
| Luxembourgish | *St**ä**r* | [ʃtɛːɐ̯] | 'star' | Allophone of /eː/ before /ʀ/. See Luxembourgish phonology |
| Macedonian | Standard | м**е**д/m**e**d | [ˈmɛd̪] | 'honey' | See Macedonian language § Vowels |
| Malay | Standard | *pal**i**ng* | [pälɛŋ] | 'to play' | Possible realisation of /i/ and /e/ in closed final syllables. See Malay phonology |
| Negeri Sembilan | *cep**a**t* | [cɔpɛɁ] | 'quick' | See Negeri Sembilan Malay |
| Kelatan-Pattani | *ay**am | [äjɛː] | 'chicken' | See Kelatan-Pattani |
| Terengganu | *b**ia**sa* | [bɛsə] | 'normal' | See Terengganu Malay |
| Perak | *mat**a | [matɛ] | 'eye' | See Perak Malay |
| Norman | Jersey | affaûrd**er** | [afɔrˈdɛ] | 'to afford' |  |
| Norwegian | Sognamål | *p**e**st* | [pʰɛst] | 'plague' | See Norwegian phonology |
| Occitan | *gr**è**ga* | [ˈɣɾɛɣɔ] | 'Greek' | See Occitan phonology |
| Polish | *t**e**n* | [t̪ɛn̪]  | 'this one' (nom. m.) | See Polish phonology |
| Portuguese | Most dialects | *p**é | [ˈpɛ] | 'foot' | Stressed vowel might be lower [æ]. The presence and use of other unstressed ⟨e⟩ allophones, such as [e̞ e ɪ i ɨ], varies according to dialect. |
| Some speakers | *t**em**po* | [ˈt̪ɛ̃mpu] | 'time' | Timbre differences for nasalized vowels are mainly kept in European Portuguese. See Portuguese phonology |
| Romanian | Transylvanian dialects | *v**e**de* | [ˈvɛɟe] | '(he) sees' | Corresponds to mid [e̞] in standard Romanian. See Romanian phonology |
| Russian | **э**то/**e**to | [ˈɛt̪ə]  | 'this' | See Russian phonology |
| Shiwiar | Tɛmplet:Example needed |  |  | Allophone of /a/. |
| Slovene | *m**e**t* | [mɛ́t] | 'throw' (n.) | See Slovene phonology |
| Spanish | Eastern Andalusian | *las madr**e**s* | [læ̞ː ˈmæ̞ːð̞ɾɛː] | 'the mothers' | Corresponds to [e̞] in other dialects, but in these dialects they're distinct. See Spanish phonology |
| Murcian |
| Swahili | shul**e** | [ʃulɛ] | 'school' |  |
| Swedish | Central Standard | ä**t* | [ɛ̠ːt̪] | 'eat' (imp.) | Somewhat retracted. See Swedish phonology |
| Tagalog | *p**e**k**e | [ˈpɛxɛʔ] | 'fake' | See Tagalog phonology |
| Telugu | **చే**ప | [tʃɛːa] | 'Fish' |
| **మే**క | [mɛːka] | 'Goat' |
| Thai | **แ**ตร / *tr**ae | [trɛː˧] | 'horn (instrument)' |  |
| Turkish | *ülk**e | [y̠l̠ˈcɛ] | 'country' | Allophone of /e/ described variously as "word-final" and "occurring in final open syllable of a phrase". See Turkish phonology |
| Ukrainian | д**е**нь/d**e**n' | [dɛnʲ] | 'day' | See Ukrainian phonology |
| Upper Sorbian | *č**e**lo* | [ˈt͡ʃɛlɔ] | 'calf' | See Upper Sorbian phonology |
| Welsh | n**e**saf | [nɛsav] | 'next' | See Welsh phonology |
| West Frisian | *b**e**ppe* | [ˈbɛpə] | 'grandma' | See West Frisian phonology |
| Yoruba | ẹ**s**ẹ̀ | [ɛ̄sɛ] | 'leg' |  |

## Lihimi mpahi

* Index of phonetics articles

## Noosi

## Kundivihira

* Árnason, Kristján (2011), *The Phonology of Icelandic and Faroese*, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-922931-4
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* Collins, Beverley; Mees, Inger M. (2003) [First published 1981], *The Phonetics of English and Dutch* (5th ed.), Leiden: Brill Publishers, ISBN 9004103406
* Collins, Beverley; Mees, Inger M. (2013) [First published 2003], *Practical Phonetics and Phonology: A Resource Book for Students* (3rd ed.), Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-50650-2
* Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995), "European Portuguese", *Journal of the International Phonetic Association*, **25** (2): 90–94, doi:10.1017/S0025100300005223, S2CID 249414876 Check `|s2cid=` value (help)
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* Danyenko, Andrii; Vakulenko, Serhii (1995), *Ukrainian*, Lincom Europa, ISBN 9783929075083
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* Engstrand, Olle (1999), "Swedish", *Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A Guide to the usage of the International Phonetic Alphabet.*, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 140–142, ISBN 0-521-63751-1
* Fast Mowitz, Gerhard (1975), *Sistema fonológico del idioma achual*, Lima: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano
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