# Buɣim

Buɣum

| Yaɣ sheli | physical phenomenon, combustion  |
| Di bukaata | roasting, duɣibu  |
| N tahi | combustion  |
| Di malila tuma | thermal energy  |
| Immediate cause of | burned area, heat, ash  |
| Nahingbaŋ | tula  |
| Unicode bachinima | 🔥  |

  From Wikidata
**D-Class**

Buɣim Chuɣu
**Buɣim** nyɛla yomyom oxidation zaŋ n-ti neema din be exothermic tim soya ni ka nyɛ binshɛli din tiri tulim , neesim ni din kam pahi.

## Etymology

Bachi ŋɔ "buɣim" nyɛla din yina from Tɛmplet:Etymology/lang  *Fyr* 'Fire, a fire', ka di pilli nyɛ Germanic bachi din nyɛ \**fūr-*, din gba maŋmaŋ nyɛ din yina Proto-Indo-European \**perjos* ka di yina bachi din yuli booni \**paewr-* Tɛmplet:Gloss. Saha ŋɔ, bɛ ni sabiri "buɣim" shɛm nyɛla din daa piligi tum 1200 piligu amaa ka daa lee na bi niŋ bayana hali ni 1600 ka di daa ti zani Middle English bachi *fier* zani (hali ni zuŋɔ ka di na kuli zan ti bachi din nyɛ "fiery" zaani).

## Taarihi

### Fossil record

"Fossil" ŋɔ taarihi zaŋ n-ti buɣim nyɛla din daa piligi tuuli ka nyɛ tiŋgbani dalim be Middle Ordovician saha, Tɛmplet:Ma, ka daa tiri oxygen laɣisibu soya pɔhim zuɣu kamani di ni na ʒin pun laɣisi shɛm. Di ni daa niŋ ka di yaa daa galisi paai kɔbigi puuni vaabu pia ni ata di daa ti wildfire soli. Buɣim yɛligirili ŋɔ daa tuumi piligi Late Silurian fossil record, Tɛmplet:Ma, ban daa piligi li ŋɔ nyɛ charcoalified tihi. Gbaai yihi nangban kpeeni shɛŋa din be Late Devonian zuɣu, sala nyɛla din daa pun be ni lala saha maa. Pɔhim shɛli din daa be ni yaa nyɛla din daa mali tɔhibu ni sala benibu: jia pɔhim nyɛla yɛltɔɣa kpeeni buɣim yɛligibu ni. Buɣim gba nyɛla din daa niŋ bayana din daa niŋ ka mɔri daa zooi gili tiŋgbani luɣili kam, kamani Tɛmplet:Ma; dinbɔŋɔ nyɛla din daa tiri tinder ka di tooi tiri buɣim yɛligi gili soya. Lala buɣim yɛligi gili ŋɔ nyɛla di ni tooi mali positive feedback, di ni nyɛ din yɛn chɛmi ka tulim, tiŋgbani kuubu beni.

### Human control of fire

#### Early human control

Bushman starting a fire in Namibia
Nyaŋsim ni buɣim gbarigibu nyɛla binshɛli ninsalinima ni daa kuli taɣiri bela bela. Buɣim malibu ni di ti niri tulim mini neesim nyɛla binshɛli din sɔŋdi ninsalinima ka bɛ duɣiri bindira. Saha kam, bɛ yi zaŋ buɣim duɣi lala bindira ŋɔ di nyɛla din niŋdi nyaɣisim pahira ka buɣim maa tulim maa lahi kuri binnema ban be lala bindira ŋɔ ni. Tulim shɛli buɣim ni tiri ŋɔ nyɛla binshɛli din sɔŋdi niriba ka bɛ nyari tuulim maasim saha ka tooi che ka bɛ beni ni maasim ŋɔ ni suhudoo. Buɣim lahi nyɛla din che ka binnema ban mali yaa yuŋ miriti kom. Shɛhira zaŋ n-ti bindiriduɣirili n-nyɛ Tɛmplet:Ma. Amaa lala shɛhira ŋɔ nyɛla din wuhiri ni buɣim ni mahi kamani yuma miliyɔŋ yini din gari la, Kundi shɛŋa nyɛla din wuhi ni di yuma ŋɔ nyɛla 400,000 yuma din gari maa. Shɛhira shɛli din niŋ bayana wuhiya ni di nyɛla yuun' tuhipihinu zaŋ chaŋ yuun' tuhikɔbiga yuma din gari maa. Buɣim zaŋ tum tuma nyɛla binshɛli din daa pahi din daa niŋ ka bɛ piligi buɣim zaŋ niŋ sala bin din gbaai yuun's tuhipia din gari maa.

Here, food is cooked in a cauldron above fire in South Africa.
The Great Fire of London (1666) and Hamburg after four fire-bombing raids in July 1943, which killed an estimated 50,000 people
#### Typical adiabatic temperatures

Tulim zaŋ n-ti kpam niŋbu doli la pɔhim ni nyɛ "stable combustion" shɛm.

* Oxy–dicyanoacetylene 4,990 °C (9,000 °F)
* Oxy–acetylene 3,480 °C (6,300 °F)
* Oxyhydrogen 2,800 °C (5,100 °F)
* Air–acetylene 2,534 °C (4,600 °F)
* Blowtorch (air–MAPP gas) 2,200 °C (4,000 °F)
* Bunsen burner (air–natural gas) 1,300 to 1,600 °C (2,400 to 2,900 °F)
* Candle (air–paraffin) 1,000 °C (1,800 °F).

Buɣim tabibi baŋdiba

Buɣim tabibi nyɛla yaɣili zaŋ n-ti physical science di nima nyɛ buɣim biɛhigu mini buɣim maa taɣibu nti pahi combustion. Buɣim tabibi zaŋ tum tuma nima nyɛ fire protection, fire investigation nti pahi wildfire mahibu.

## Buɣim barinanima gu ka taɣi ʒilɛli ni

An abandoned convent on fire in QuebecBuɣim yɛligibu gu ka taɣi duniya zaa nyɛla di ni tooi niŋ ni "*wildland fire use" n-ti pahi* *controlled burns*. *Wildland fire use* nyɛla buɣim kam din dibu sababi nyɛ Naawuni nam puuni amaa ka niriba leei lihiri li ka che ka di dira. *Controlled burns nyɛla buɣim shɛŋa gomnanti tum tumdiba ni niŋ shɛli ni bɛ gu ka taɣi tiŋgbani taɣiri shɛŋa din mali barina*.

Fire fighting tuma nyɛla bɛ ni kpaɣiri niriba niŋda ni bɛ gu ka taɣi buɣim dili. Ninvuɣ shɛba ban bɔhim buɣim dili gu ka taɣi nyɛla ban mali fire apparatus, kom binyɛra kamani water mains n-ti pahi.

Buɣim dibu gu ka taɣi nyɛla bɛ ni niŋdi shɛli ni bɛ gu ka taɣi binyɛra bee neema saɣimbu. Buɣim dili gu ka taɣi lahi nyɛ niriba baŋsim ni bɛ ni yɛn niŋ shɛm zoyi buɣim nyɔbu yiriŋyiriŋ ni. Duuri di bahindi shikuruti mini buɣim tuma yili nima tooi nyɛla ban baŋsiri bilichini nima ni bɛ ni yɛn niŋ shɛli di yi ti niŋ duu bee jiranbiisa nima diri buɣim.

Luɣ'shɛli buɣim dibu gu ka taɣi yi kɔŋ buɣim dibu barina gubu, fire insurance nyɛla ban ni tooi lihi di laɣa dibu.

## Lihi pahi

* Aodh (given name)
* Bonfire
* *The Chemical History of a Candle*
* Colored fire
* Control of fire by early humans
* Deflagration
* Fire (classical element)
* Fire investigation
* Fire lookout
* Fire lookout tower
* Fire making
* Fire pit
* Fire safety
* Fire triangle
* Fire whirl
* Fire worship
* Flame test
* Life Safety Code
* List of fires
* List of light sources
* Phlogiston theory
* Piano burning
* Prometheus, the Greek mythological figure who gave mankind fire
* Pyrokinesis
* Pyrolysis
* Pyromania
* Self-immolation

## Kundivihira

* Haung, Kai (2009). Population and Building Factors That Impact Residential Fire Rates in Large U.S. Cities. Applied Research Project Archived 2012-03-08 at the Wayback Machine. Texas State University.
* Karki, Sameer (2002). *Community Involvement in and Management of Forest Fires in South East Asia* (PDF). Project FireFight South East Asia. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 25, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
* Kosman, Admiel (January 13, 2011). "Sacred fire" Archived 2015-10-15 at the Wayback Machine. *Haaretz*.
* (2006) "Remote sensing techniques to assess active fire characteristics and post-fire effects". *International Journal of Wildland Fire* **3** (15): 319–345. DOI:10.1071/WF05097.

* Pyne, Stephen J. *Fire : a brief history* (University of Washington Press, 2001).
	+ Pyne, Stephen J. ''*World fire : the culture of fire on earth* (1995) online
	+ Pyne, Stephen J. *Tending fire : coping with America's wildland fires* (2004) online
	+ Pyne, Stephen J. *Awful splendour : a fire history of Canada* (2007) online
	+ Pyne, Stephen J. *Burning bush : a fire history of Australia* (1991) online
	+ Pyne, Stephen J. *Between Two Fires: A Fire History of Contemporary America* (2015)
	+ Pyne, Stephen J. *California: A Fire Survey* (2016)
* Safford, Hugh D., et al. "Fire ecology of the North American Mediterranean-climate zone." in *Fire ecology and management: Past, present, and future of US forested ecosystems* (2021): 337–392. re California and its neighbors online

* How Fire Works at HowStuffWorks
* What exactly is fire? from The Straight Dope
* On Fire, an Adobe Flash–based science tutorial from the *NOVA* (TV series)
* "20 Things You Didn't Know About... Fire" from *Discover* magazine

Tɛmplet:Fire
Tɛmplet:Natural disasters

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