# Pilak

| Silver |
| --- |
| **47Ag** |
|

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| Cu ↑ **Ag** ↓ Au |

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Periodic table |

 |  |
|  | palladium ← **silver** → cadmium |

 |
| Panagway |
| lustrous white metal  Electrolytically refined silver |
| Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya |
| Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan | silver, Ag, 47 |
| Paglitok | /ˈsɪlvər/ |
| Kategoriyang elemento | transition metal |
| Group, period, block | 11, 5, d |
| Gibug-aton sa atomo | 107.8682 |
| Kontorno sa elektron | [Kr] 4d10 5s1 2, 8, 18, 18, 1
Electron shells of silver (2, 8, 18, 18, 1) |
| History |
| Pagkadiskobre |  before 5000 BC  |
| Physical properties |
| Phase | solid |
| Density (near r.t.) | 10.49 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. | 9.320 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point | 1234.93 K, 961.78 °C, 1763.2 °F |
| Boiling point | 2435 K, 2162 °C, 3924 °F |
| Heat of fusion | 11.28 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization | 250.58 kJ·mol−1 |
| Molar heat capacity | 25.350 J·mol−1·K−1 |
| Vapor pressure |
|

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k |
| at T (K) | 1283 | 1413 | 1575 | 1782 | 2055 | 2433 |

 |
| Atomic properties |
| Oxidation states | **1**, 2, 3 (amphoteric oxide) |
| Electronegativity | 1.93 (Pauling scale) |
| Ionization energies | 1st: 731.0 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 2070 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 3361 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius | 144 pm |
| Covalent radius | 145±5 pm |
| Van der Waals radius | 172 pm |
| Miscellanea |
| Crystal structure | face-centered cubic
 |
| Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity | (20 °C) 15.87 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity | 429 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal diffusivity | (300 K) 174 mm²/s |
| Thermal expansion | (25 °C) 18.9 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) | (r.t.) 2680 m·s−1 |
| Young's modulus | 83 GPa |
| Shear modulus | 30 GPa |
| Bulk modulus | 100 GPa |
| Poisson ratio | 0.37 |
| Mohs hardness | 2.5 |
| Vickers hardness | 251 MPa |
| Brinell hardness | 206 MPa |
| CAS registry number | 7440-22-4 |
| Most stable isotopes |
| Main article: Isotopes of silver |
|

| iso | NA | half-life | DM | DE (MeV) | DP |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 105Ag | syn | 41.2 d | ε | - | 105Pd |
| γ | 0.344, 0.280, 0.644, 0.443 | - |
| 106mAg | syn | 8.28 d | ε | - | 106Pd |
| γ | 0.511, 0.717, 1.045, 0.450 | - |
| 107Ag | 51.839% | 107Ag is stable with 60 neutrons |
| 108mAg | syn | 418 y | ε | - | 108Pd |
| IT | 0.109 | 108Ag |
| γ | 0.433, 0.614, 0.722 | - |
| 109Ag | 48.161% | 109Ag is stable with 62 neutrons |
| 111Ag | syn | 7.45 d | β− | 1.036, 0.694 | 111Cd |
| γ | 0.342 | - |

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Ang pilak (silver) maoy usa ka elementong kemikal nga **Ag** ang minubo.