# Rubidium

Rubidium, 37Rb|  |
| Rubidium rubidiyum· |
| Pabaosan | /ruːˈbɪdiəm/ ​(*roo-BID-ee-əm*) |
| Cingakan | klau petak |
| Bobot atom standar *A*r, std(Rb) | 7001854678000000000♠85.4678(3) |
| Rubidium ring tabél périodik |
|

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|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Hidrogén |  | Hélium |
| Litium | Bérilium |  | Boron | Karbon | Nitrogén | Oksigén | Fluorin | Néon |
| Natrium | Magnésium |  | Aluminium | Silikon | Phosfor | Urirang | Klorin | Argon |
| Potasium | Kalsium |  | Skandium | Titanium | Vanadium | Kromium | Mangan (datu) | Wesi | Kobalt | Nikel | Temaga | Séng | Gallium | Gérmanium | Arsenik | Sélénium | Brom | Kripton |
| Rubidium | Strontium |  |  | Ittrium | Zirkonium | Niobium | Molibdénum | Téknésium | Ruthénium | Rhodium | Palladium | Pérak | Kadmium | Indium | Timah | Antimoni | Téllurium | Yodium | Xénon |
| Sésium | Barium | Lanthanum | Sérium | Praséodimium | Néodimium | Prométhium | Samarium | Éuropium | Gadolinium | Terbium | Disprosium | Holmium | Érbium | Thulium | Itterbium | Lutésium | Hafnium | Tantalum | Tungstén | Rhénium | Osmium | Iridium | Platinum | Mas | Rasa (datu) | Thallium | Timbal | Bismuth | Polonium | Astatin | Radon |
| Fransium | Radium | Aktinium | Thorium | Protaktinium | Uranium | Néptunium | Plutonium | Amérisium | Curium | Berkélium | Kalifornium | Éinsteinium | Fermium | Méndelevium | Nobélium | Lawrénsium | Rutherfordium | Dubnium | Seaborgium | Bohrium | Hassium | Meitnérium | Darmstadtium | Roéntgénium | Kopernikium | Nihonium | Flérovium | Moskovium | Livermorium | Ténnessin | Oganésson |

 | K ↑ **Rb** ↓ Cs |
| kripton ← **rubidium** → strontium |

 |

 |
| Wilangan atom (*Z*) | 37 |
| Watek | golongan 1 (logam alkali) |
| Période | période 5 |
| Blok |   blok-s  |
| Konpigurasi éléktron | [Kr] 5s1 |
| Éléktron per kulit | 2, 8, 18, 8, 1 |
| Cecirén pisik |
| Pase ring STP | padet |
| Titik lebur | 312.45 K ​(39.30 °C, ​102.74 °F)  |
| Titik didih | 961 K ​(688 °C, ​1270 °F)  |
| Kapadetan (nampek s.r.) | 1.532 g/cm3 |
| ri kala éncéh (ring t.l.) | 1.46 g/cm3  |
| Titik tripel | 312.41 K, ​? kPa  |
| Titik kritis | 2093 K, 16 MPa *(kaékstrapolasi)* |
| Panes fusi | 2.19 kJ/mol  |
| Panes panguapan | 69 kJ/mol  |
| Kapasitas panes molar | 31.060 J/(mol·K)  |
| Tekanan uap

| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| at T (K) | 434 | 486 | 552 | 641 | 769 | 958 |

 |
| Cecirén atom |
| Paindikan oksidasi | −1, **+1** (oksida basa kuat) |
| Kaéléktronégatipan | skala Pauling: 0.82  |
| Wasa ionisasi | * ka-1: 403 kJ/mol
* ka-2: 2632.1 kJ/mol
* ka-3: 3859.4 kJ/mol
*
 |
| Jeriji atom | émpiris: 248 pm  |
| Jeriji kovalén | 220±9 pm  |
| Jeriji Van der Waals | 303 pm  |
| **Garis spéktral saking rubidium** |
| Cecirén liyanan |
| Rupa alami | primordial |
| Struktur kristal |  ​kubus mapusat badan (bcc) |
| Kagelisan swara  pales tipis | 1300 m/s (ring 20 °C)  |
| Ékspansi térmal | 90 µm/(m⋅K) (at s.k.) |
| Konduktivitas térmal | 58.2 W/(m⋅K)  |
| Resistivitas listrik | 128 nΩ⋅m (ring 20 °C)  |
| bacakan magnétik | paramagnétik  |
| Karentanan magnétik molar | 6995170000000000000♠+17.0×10−6 cm3/mol (303 K) |
| Modulus Young | 2.4 GPa  |
| Modulus Bulk | 2.5 GPa  |
| Kakatosan Mohs | 0.3  |
| Kakatosan Brinell | 0.216 MPa  |
| Nomor CAS | 7440-17-7  |
| Lelintihan |
| Panemuan | Robert Bunsen miwah Gustav Kirchhoff (1861) |
| Isolasi kapertama | George de Hevesy |
| Isotop utama rubidium |
|

| Iso­top | Kalimpahan | Paruh-idup (*t*1/2) | Mode paluruhan | Pro­duk |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 83Rb | syn | 86.2 d | ε | 83Kr |
| γ | – |
| 84Rb | syn | 32.9 d | ε | 84Kr |
| β+ | 84Kr |
| γ | – |
| β− | 84Sr |
| 85Rb | 72.17% | tegteg |
| 86Rb | syn | 18.7 d | β− | 86Sr |
| γ | – |
| 87Rb | 27.83% | 4.88×1010 y | β− | 87Sr |

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|

**Rubidium** silih tunggil datu kimia antuk simbol **Rb** and wilangan atom 37. Rubidium punika logam putih masawang pérak, sanget bélék ring seka logam alkali. Logam rubidium pateh sareng logam kalium miwah sésium ring cingakan pisik, kakatosan, miwah konduktivitas. Rubidium tan prasida kasimpan ring metén oksigén atmospir, mawinan réaksi pinih éksotermik pacang kawéntenan, buinan prasida ngardi logam katunjel.

## Pustaka