# بیتکی

| Plants زامان محدوده‌سی: Mesoproterozoic–present
Had'n

Archean

Proterozoic

Pha.

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| علمی قوروپلاشدیرما  |
| دامنه: | Eukaryote |
| عالم: | **بیتکیsensu* Copeland, 1956 |
| Superdivisions |
| * Chlorokybophyta
* Mesostigmatophyta
* Spirotaenia
* **Chlorobionta** Kenrick & Crane 1997
	+ Chlorophyta
* **Streptobionta** Kenrick & Crane 1997
	+ Klebsormidiophyceae
	+ Charophyta (stoneworts)
	+ Chaetosphaeridiales
	+ Coleochaetophyta
	+ Zygnematophyta
	+ Embryophyta Engler, 1892 (land plants)
		- Marchantiophyta (liverworts)
		- Bryophyta (mosses)
		- Anthocerotophyta (hornworts)
		- †Horneophyta
		- †Aglaophyta
		- Tracheophyta (vascular plants)
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| سینونیم‌لر |
| * Viridiplantae Cavalier-Smith 1981
* Chlorobionta Jeffrey 1982, emend. Bremer 1985, emend. Lewis and McCourt 2004
* Chlorobiota Kenrick and Crane 1997
* Chloroplastida Adl et al., 2005
* Phyta Barkley 1939 emend. Holt & Uidica 2007
* Cormophyta Endlicher, 1836
* Cormobionta Rothmaler, 1948
* Euplanta Barkley, 1949
* Telomobionta Takhtajan, 1964
* Embryobionta Cronquist et al., 1966
* متافیتا ویتاکر، ۱۹۶۹
 |

**بیتکی‌** یا دا **بیتگی** — آغاج، اوْت و چیچک کیمی توْپراغا کؤک سالاراق یئتیشن یارادیقلارا دئییلر. بیتکیلرله برابر بعضی تک سلوللولار فوتوسنتز قابیلیّتینه صاحیبدیرلر.

## بونلارا دا باخ

* فلورا

## قایناقلار

## چوخ اوخو

**عومومی: Evans, L.T. (1998). *Feeding the Ten Billion – Plants and Population Growth*. Cambridge University Press. Paperback, 247 pages. آی‌اس‌بی‌ان 0-521-64685-5.
* Kenrick, Paul & Crane, Peter R. (1997). *The Origin and Early Diversification of Land Plants: A Cladistic Study*. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. آی‌اس‌بی‌ان 1-56098-730-8.
* Raven, Peter H.; Evert, Ray F.; & Eichhorn, Susan E. (2005). *Biology of Plants* (7th ed.). New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. آی‌اس‌بی‌ان 0-7167-1007-2.
* Taylor, Thomas N. & Taylor, Edith L. (1993). *The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants*. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. آی‌اس‌بی‌ان 0-13-651589-4.
* Trewavas A (2003). "Aspects of Plant Intelligence". *Annals of Botany*. **92** (1): 1–20. doi:10.1093/aob/mcg101. PMC 4243628. PMID 12740212.

**نووعلارین تخمینلری و سایلاری: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Species Survival Commission (2004). IUCN Red List The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
* Prance G.T. (2001). "Discovering the Plant World". *Taxon*. **50** (2, Golden Jubilee Part 4): 345–359. doi:10.2307/1223885. JSTOR 1223885.

## ائشیک باغلانتیلار

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|  |  The Wikibook *Dichotomous Key* has a page on the topic of: Plantae |

* Jones, T.M.; Reid, C.S.; Urbatsch, L.E. "Visual study of divisional Plantae". 24 فوریه 2023-ده اوریجنال-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر. 28 فوریه 2023-ده یوخلانیب. `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (کؤمک) (requires Microsoft Silverlight)
* Chaw, S.-M.; et al. (1997). "Molecular Phylogeny of Extant Gymnosperms and Seed Plant Evolution: Analysis of Nuclear 18s rRNA Sequences" (PDF). *Mol. Biol. Evol*. **14** (1): 56–68. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025702. PMID 9000754. 24 ژانویه 2005-ده اوریجنال (PDF)-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر.
* Index Nominum Algarum
* Interactive Cronquist classification
* Plant Resources of Tropical Africa
* Tree of Life Archived 9 March 2022 at the Wayback Machine.

گیاه‌شناسی و بیتکی اؤرتویو دیتابیسی
* African Plants Initiative database
* Australia
* Chilean plants at *Chilebosque*
* e-Floras (Flora of China, Flora of North America and others) Archived 19 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine.
* Flora Europaea
* Flora of Central Europe (دیل:آلمان)
* Flora of North America Archived 19 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine.
* List of Japanese Wild Plants Online Archived 16 March 2022 at the Wayback Machine.
* Meet the Plants-National Tropical Botanical Garden
* Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center – Native Plant Information Network at University of Texas, Austin
* The Plant List Archived 25 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine.
* United States Department of Agriculture not limited to continental US species