# ধৰ্ম

বিশ্বৰ প্ৰধান ধৰ্ম কিছুমানৰ প্ৰতীক চিহ্ন, বাঁওফালৰ পৰা সোঁফাললৈ ক্ৰমান্বয়ে :
 ১: খ্ৰীষ্টান ধৰ্ম, ইহুদী ধৰ্ম, হিন্দু ধৰ্ম
 ২: ইছলাম, বৌদ্ধ ধৰ্ম, শিন্তো ধৰ্ম
 ৩: শিখ ধৰ্ম, বাহাই ধৰ্ম, জৈন ধৰ্ম
**ধৰ্ম** হৈছে মনোনীত আচৰণ, নৈতিকতা, বিশ্বাস, বিশ্বদৰ্শন, গ্ৰন্থ, পবিত্ৰ স্থান, ভৱিষ্যতবাণী, নৈতিকতা বা সংগঠনৰ এক সামাজিক-সাংস্কৃতিক প্ৰণালী। ই অতিপ্ৰাকৃতিক, অতীন্দ্ৰিয় আৰু আধ্যাত্মিক উপাদানৰ সৈতে মানৱতাৰ সম্পৰ্ক স্থাপন কৰে। কিন্তু ধৰ্ম কিহৰ দ্বাৰা গঠিত হয় তাক লৈ কোনো পাণ্ডিত্যপূৰ্ণ সহমত নাই।

## ধৰ্মসমূহ

#### ভাৰতীয় ধৰ্মসমূহ

* জৈন ধৰ্ম
* বৌদ্ধ ধৰ্ম
* শিখ ধৰ্ম
* হিন্দু ধৰ্ম

#### আব্ৰাহামীয় ধৰ্মসমূহ

* ইছলাম
* ইহুদী ধৰ্ম
* খ্ৰীষ্টান ধৰ্ম
* বাহাই ধৰ্ম

### এছিয়াৰ ধৰ্মসমূহ

* আহোমধৰ্ম
* কনফুচিয়াছ ধৰ্ম
* টাই জাতীয় ধৰ্ম
* ডনি পল
* তাও ধৰ্ম
* বাথৌ ধৰ্ম
* শিন্তো ধৰ্ম

## গ্ৰন্থসম্ভাৰ

* Saint Augustine; *The Confessions of Saint Augustine* (John K. Ryan translator); Image (1960), ISBN 0-385-02955-1.
* Descartes, René; *Meditations on First Philosophy*; Bobbs-Merril (1960), ISBN 0-672-60191-5.
* Barzilai, Gad; *Law and Religion*; The International Library of Essays in Law and Society; Ashgate (2007),ISBN 978-0-7546-2494-3
* Durant, Will (& Ariel (uncredited)); *Our Oriental Heritage*; MJF Books (1997), ISBN 1-56731-012-5.
* Durant, Will (& Ariel (uncredited)); *Caesar and Christ*; MJF Books (1994), ISBN 1-56731-014-1
* Durant, Will (& Ariel (uncredited)); *The Age of Faith*; Simon & Schuster (1980), ISBN 0-671-01200-2.
* Marija Gimbutas 1989. *The Language of the Goddess*. Thames and Hudson New York
* Gonick, Larry; *The Cartoon History of the Universe*; Doubleday, vol. 1 (1978) ISBN 0-385-26520-4, vol. II (1994) ISBN#0-385-42093-5, W. W. Norton, vol. III (2002) ISBN 0-393-05184-6.
* Haisch, Bernard *The God Theory: Universes, Zero-point Fields, and What's Behind It All* -- discussion of science vs. religion (Preface Archived 2012-12-04 at Archive.today), Red Wheel/Weiser, 2006, ISBN 1-57863-374-5
* Lao Tzu; *Tao Te Ching* (Victor H. Mair translator); Bantam (1998).
* Marx, Karl; "Introduction to A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right", *Deutsch-Französische Jahrbücher*, (1844).
* Saler, Benson; "Conceptualizing Religion: Immanent Anthropologists, Transcendent Natives, and Unbounded Categories" (1990), ISBN 1-57181-219-9
* *The Holy Bible*, King James Version; New American Library (1974).
* *The Koran*; Penguin (2000), ISBN 0-14-044558-7.
* *The Origin of Live & Death*, African Creation Myths; Heinemann (1966).
* *Poems of Heaven and Hell from Ancient Mesopotamia*; Penguin (1971).
* *The World Almanac* (annual), World Almanac Books, ISBN 0-88687-964-7.
* *The Serotonin System and Spiritual Experiences* - American Journal of Psychiatry 160:1965-1969, November 2003.
* United States Constitution
* *Selected Work* Marcus Tullius Cicero
* *The World Almanac* (for numbers of adherents of various religions), 2005
* Religion [First Edition]. Winston King. *Encyclopedia of Religion*. Ed. Lindsay Jones. Vol. 11. 2nd ed. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2005. p7692-7701.
* *World Religions and Social Evolution of the Old World Oikumene Civilizations: A Cross-cultural Perspective* by Andrey Korotayev, Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2004, ISBN 0-7734-6310-0.
* Brodd, Jefferey (2003). *World Religions*. প্ৰকাশক Winona, MN: Saint Mary's Press. ISBN 978-0-88489-725-5.

**On religion definition**:

* The first major study: Durkheim, Emile (1976) *The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life.* London: George Allen & Unwin (in French 1912, English translation 1915).
* Wilfred Cantwell Smith *The Meaning and End of Religion* (1962) notes that the concept of religion as an ideological community and system of doctrines, developed in the 15th and 16th centuries CE.
* A distillation of the Western folk category of religion: Geertz, Clifford. 1993 [1966]. *Religion as a cultural system*. pp.  87–125 in Clifford Geertz, *The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays*. London: Fontana Press.
* An operational definition: Wallace, Anthony F. C. 1966. *Religion: An Anthropological View*. New York: Random House. (p.  62-66)
* A recent overview: *A Scientific Definition of Religion Archived 2018-09-17 at the Wayback Machine*. By Ph.D. James W. Dow.
* Origines de l'homme - De la matière à la conscience, *Yves Coppens*, De Vive Voix, Paris, 2010
* La preistoria dell’uomo, *Yves Coppens*, Jaka Book, Milano, 2011

**Studies of religion in particular geographical areas**:

* A. Khanbaghi. *The Fire, the Star and the Cross: Minority Religions in Medieval and Early Modern Iran* (IB Tauris; 2006) 268 pages. Social, political and cultural history of religious minorities in Iran, c. 226-1722 AD.

## বাহ্যিক সংযোগ

* Religion Statistics from *UCB Libraries GovPubs*
* ধৰ্ম বিষয়ে Curlie (DMOZ)-ত থকা তথ্য
* Major Religions of the World Ranked by Number of Adherents Archived 2010-01-29 at the Wayback Machine by Adherents.com August 2005
* IACSR - International Association for the Cognitive Science of Religion Archived 2017-06-12 at the Wayback Machine
* Studying Religion - Introduction to the methods and scholars of the academic study of religion
* A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right - Marx's original reference to religion as the *opium of the people*.
* The Complexity of Religion and the Definition of “Religion” in International Law Harvard Human Rights Journal article from the President and Fellows of Harvard College(2003)