# Gfäßbflanze

| Gfäßbflanze |
| --- |
|
Foore (*Pinus sylvestris*)
 |
| Systematik |
|

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Chloroplastida |
|  | Charophyta |
|  | Phragmoplastophyta |
|  | Streptophyta |
| *Rych:* | Bflanze (Plantae) |
| *Abdeilig:* | Gfäßbflanze |

 |
| Wüsseschaftlige Name |
| Tracheophyta |
| Sinnott |

**Gfäßbflanze** (Tracheophyta, au: *vaskuläri Bflanze*) nännt mer Bflänze, wu spezialisierti Laitbindel hän, wu si im Bflanzeninnere Wasser un Nährstoff din transportiere. Zue ihne ghere d Bärlappbflanze, d Faarn un d Soomebflanze. E Dail Miesch hän au Laitbindel, wu funktionälli un strukturälli Iberyystimmige mit dr Laitbindel vu dr Gfäßbflanze zaige, d Laitbindel vu dr Miesch sin aber vyl aifacher böue.

## Merkmol

Gfäßbflanze sin ufböue us dr drei Organ Wurzle, Sprossags un Blatt.

S relevant Merkmol isch, ass es ächti Tracheide het: d Zälle, wu s Wasser laite hän zmindescht ring- oder schruubefermigi Verdickige, wu bi dr rezänte Verdrätter an dr Innesyte mit Lignin versääne sin.

Dr Generationewächsel isch wie bi allne Bflanze heterophasisch. Uf e diploide Sporophyt, wu si vegetativ iber haploidi Spore vermehrt, chunnt e haploide Gametophyt, wu us däne Spore chyymt. Dää haploid Gametophyt vermehrt si wider sexuäll iber haploidi Gamete, wu zuen ere diploide Zygote (eme neie Sporophyt) verschmilze. D Spore vum Sporophyt wäre doderby dur Meiose bildet, derwylscht d Gamete vum Gametophyt dur Mitose entstehn. Derzue isch dr Generationswächsel vu dr Gfäßbflanze heteromorph, des haißt, ass dr Sporophyt un dr Gametophyt verschide gstaltet sin. Bi dr (rezänte) Verdrätter vu dr Bärlappbflanze, Faarn un Soomebflanze iberwige d Sporophyte as maßgebli Florenelemänt, derwylscht bi dr Miesch dr Gametophyt di dominant Vegetationsform darstellt un dr Sporophyt vu däm abhangt.

## Sischtematik

### Usseri Sischtematik

Unter dr rezänte Bflanze sin wahrschyns d Hornmiesch di negschte Verwandte vu dr Gfäßbflanze. Nimmt mer au fossili Verdrätter in d Analys, no isch *Aglaophyton major* d Schweschtergruppe vu allne Gfäßbflanze.

### Inneri Sischtematik

D Gfäßbflanze wären in dr klassische Taxonomy in zwoo Gruppen unterdailt, d Soomebflanzen un d Gfäßsporebflanze. Di letschtere sin aber paraphyletisch, wie des Kladogramm zaigt:

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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Gfäßbflanze (Tracheophyta)  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  Bärlappbflanze (Lycopodiopsida)  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Bärlapp (Lycopodiales) |
|  |
|       |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Brachsechryter (Isoetales) |
|  |
|       |  Mieschfaarn (Selaginellales) |
|  |

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|  |
|  „Euphyllophyta“  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Soomebflanze (Spermatophyta) |
|  |
|  Faarn („Monilophyta“)  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Chatzewadel (Equisetopsida) |
|  |
|       |  Marattiopsida |
|  |
|       |  Ächti Faarn (Polypodiopsida) |
|  |

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|  |
|       |  Psilotopsida |
|  |

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Wel di hit vylmol bruuchte Uusdruck Euphyllophyta un Monilophyta kaini ornigsgmäß bschribene Taxa sin, wird do wyter di klassisch Gliderig bruucht:

* Unterabdailig Bärlappbflanze (Lycopodiopsida)
* Faarn
	+ Klass Psilotopsida
	+ Klass Chatzewadel (Equisetopsida)
	+ Klass Marattiopsida
	+ Klass Ächti Faarn (Polypodiopsida)
* Unterabdailig Soomebflanze
	+ Klass Palmfaarn (Cycadopsida)
	+ Klass Ginkgobflanze (Ginkgoopsida)
	+ Klass Konifere (Coniferopsida) inklusive Gnetales
	+ Klass Decktsoomer (Magnoliopsida)

zuenig, kollateral Laitbindel us dr Sprossags vu *Zea mays*
### Sischtematik mit fossile Verdrätter

Nimmt mer fossili Verdrätter in di kladistisch Analys mit derzue, no git s e komplizierter Bild, wel s bundersch an dr Basis vu dr Gfäßbflanze ne greßeri Vylfalt het wie unter dr rezänte Verdrätter. Kenrick un Crane hän fir di basale Gfäßbflanze des Kladogramm gmacht († maint uusgstorbeni Taxa):

1. Euphyllophyta
2. Lycophyta
3. Eutracheophyta

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|  Eutracheophyta  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
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|  Euphyllophyta  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  *Eophyllophyton* † |
|  |
|       |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  *Psilophyton dawsonii* † |
|  |
|       |  *Psilophyton crenulatum* † |
|  |
|       |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Lignophyta |
|  |
|       |  *Pertica* † |
|  |

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|  |
|       |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  *Ibyka* † |
|  |
|  Faarn  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  *Rhacophyton* † |
|  |
|       |  *Pseudosporochnus* † |
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|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  Lycophyta  |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Zosterophyllopsida † |
|  |
|       |

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  |  Lycopodiopsida |
|  |
|       |  *Nothia* † |
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|       |  *Cooksonia cambrensis* † |
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|       |  *Renalia* † |
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|       |  *Uskiella* † |
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|       |  *Yunia* † |
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|       |  *Sartilmania* † |
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|       |  *Cooksonia pertonii* † |
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|       |  *Cooksonia caledonica* † |
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|       |  Rhyniopsida † |
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Di basalscht Gruppe sin d Rhyniopsida, wu d Eutracheophytae vis-à-vis stehn.

* Peter Sitte, Elmar Weiler, Joachim W. Kadereit, Andreas Bresinsky, Christian Körner: Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen. Begründet von Eduard Strasburger. 35. Auflage. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, ISBN 3-8274-1010-X. **Fehler in Vorlage:Literatur** – \*\*\* Parameterkonflikt: Unbekannte Parameter: ISBNistFormalFalsch
* Alan R. Smith, Kathleen M. Pryer, Eric Schuettpelz, Petra Korall, Harald Schneider, Paul G. Wolf: *A classification for extant ferns.* In: *Taxon.* Band 55, Nr. 3, 2006, ISSN 0040-0262, S. 705–731, Abstract, PDF-Datei.
* Paul Kenrick, Peter R. Crane: The Origin and Early Diversification of Land Plants. A Cladistic Study. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington/London, ISBN 1-56098-729-4. **Fehler in Vorlage:Literatur** – \*\*\* Parameterkonflikt: Unbekannte Parameter: ISBNistFormalFalsch

## Fueßnote

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| --- | --- |
|  | Dä Artikel basiert uff ere fräie Übersetzig vu dere Version vum Artikel „Gefäßpflanzen“ vu de dütsche Wikipedia. E Liste vu de Autore un Versione isch do z finde. |