Maronites | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Maronites


00:02:10 1 Name
00:02:34 2 History
00:06:32 3 Population
00:06:41 3.1 Lebanon
00:07:10 3.2 Syria
00:07:43 3.3 Cyprus
00:08:14 3.4 Israel
00:08:40 3.5 Diaspora
00:10:18 4 Role in politics
00:10:27 4.1 Lebanon
00:10:51 4.2 Israel
00:12:15 5 Identity
00:12:53 5.1 Phoenicianism
00:15:18 5.2 Support for Lebanese identity
00:18:27 5.3 Embrace of Arab identity
00:19:12 5.4 Aramean identity in Israel
00:19:42 6 Culture
00:19:51 6.1 Religion
00:20:38 6.2 Names
00:21:57 7 Persecution and struggle
00:24:04 8 See also



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SUMMARY
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The Maronites are a Christian group who adhere to the Syriac Maronite Church with the largest population around Mount Lebanon in Lebanon. The Maronite Church is an Eastern Catholic sui iuris particular church in full communion with the Pope and the Catholic Church, with self-governance under the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, one of more than a dozen individual churches in full communion with the Holy See. They derive their name from the Syriac Christian saint Maron, whose followers migrated to the area of Mount Lebanon from their previous location of residence around the area of Antioch, establishing the nucleus of the Syriac Maronite Church. Some Maronites argue that they are of Mardaite ancestry, but most historians reject such claims. Maronites were able to maintain an independent status in Mount Lebanon and its coastline after the Muslim conquest of the Levant, keeping their Christian religion, and even the distinctive Aramaic language as late as the 19th century.The Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate of the Ottoman Empire and later the republic of Lebanon were created under the auspice of European powers with the Maronites as their main ethnoreligious component. Mass emigration to the Americas at the outset of the 20th century, famine mainly resulting from Ottoman blockades and confiscations during World War I, that killed an estimated one third to one half of the population, the Lebanese Civil War between 1975-1990 and the low fertility rate greatly decreased their numbers in the Levant. Maronites today form more than one quarter of the total population in the Republic of Lebanon. With only two exceptions, all Lebanese presidents have been Maronites as part of a tradition that persists as part of the National Pact, by which the Prime Minister has historically been a Sunni Muslim and the Speaker of the National Assembly has historically been a Shi'i Muslim.
Though concentrated in Lebanon, Maronites also show presence in neighboring Syria, Israel, Cyprus and Palestine, as well as a significant part in the Lebanese diaspora in the Americas, Europe, Australia, and Africa. 
The Syriac Maronite Church, under the Patriarch of Antioch, has branches in nearly all countries where Maronite Christian communities live, in both the Levant (mainly Lebanon) and the Lebanese diaspora.