Janata Party | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-16

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Janata Party


00:02:40 1 History
00:05:28 2 Emergency
00:08:59 3 Creation
00:11:52 3.1 Constituent Parties
00:12:36 4 1977 elections
00:16:13 5 Government formation
00:19:06 6 Janata rule
00:20:24 6.1 Elections in the states
00:21:57 6.2 Foreign policy
00:23:50 6.3 Economic policy
00:24:42 7 Fall of the government
00:28:02 8 Demise
00:30:17 9 Legacy
00:32:24 10 Merger with BJP
00:32:59 11 See also
00:33:13 12 Further reading



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SUMMARY
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The Janata Party (JNP, translation: People's Party) was an amalgam of Indian political parties opposed to the Emergency that was imposed between 1975 and 1977 by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi of the Indian National Congress. In the 1977 general election, the party defeated the Congress and Janata leader Morarji Desai became the first non-Congress prime minister in independent modern India's history.
Raj Narain, a socialist leader, had filed a legal writ alleging electoral malpractice against Indira Gandhi in 1971. On 12 June 1975, Allahabad High Court found her guilty of using corrupt electoral practices in her 1971 election victory over Narain in the Rae Bareli constituency. She was barred from contesting any election for the next six years. Economic problems, corruption and the conviction of Gandhi led to widespread protests against the Congress (R) government, which responded by imposing a State of Emergency. The rationale was that of preserving national security. However, the government introduced press censorship, postponed elections and banned strikes and rallies. Opposition leaders such as  Biju Patnaik, Jayaprakash Narayan, Raj Narain, Satyendra Narayan Sinha, Jivatram Kripalani, Ramnandan Mishra and Morarji Desai were imprisoned, along with thousands of other political activists. When the State of Emergency was lifted and new elections called in 1977, opposition political parties such as the Congress (O), Bharatiya Jana Sangh, Bharatiya Lok Dal as well as defectors from the Congress (R) joined to form the Janata party, which won a sweeping majority in the Indian Parliament. Narain defeated Gandhi at Rae Bareli in those elections.
The new Janata-led government reversed many Emergency-era decrees and opened official investigations into Emergency-era abuses. Although several major foreign policy and economic reforms were attempted, continuous in-fighting and ideological differences made the Janata government unable to effectively address national problems. By mid-1979, Prime Minister Morarji Desai was forced to resign and his successor Chaudhary Charan Singh failed to sustain a parliamentary majority as alliance partners withdrew support. Popular disenchantment with the political in-fighting and ineffective government led to the resurgence of Gandhi and her new Congress (I) party, which won the general election called in 1980. Although the original Janata Party fragmented and dissolved, modern political parties continue to invoke its legacy. In August 2013, the party was merged with the Bharatiya Janata Party.