Elder Futhark | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-11-08

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Elder Futhark

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SUMMARY
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The Elder Futhark (also called Elder Fuþark, Older Futhark, Old Futhark or Germanic Futhark) is the oldest form of the runic alphabets. It was a writing system used by Germanic tribes for Northwest Germanic dialects in the Migration Period. Its inscriptions are found on artifacts (including jewelry, amulets, tools, weapons, and runestones) from the 2nd to the 8th centuries.
In Scandinavia, from the late 8th century, the script was simplified to the Younger Futhark, and the Anglo-Saxons and Frisians extended the Futhark, which eventually became the Anglo-Saxon futhorc. Unlike the Anglo-Saxon futhorc and the Younger Futharks, which remained in use during the Early and the High Middle Ages respectively, knowledge of how to read the Elder Futhark was forgotten until 1865, when it was deciphered by Norwegian scholar Sophus Bugge.