Hundred Years' War | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-26

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_War


00:06:47 1 Origin of the conflict
00:07:29 1.1 Dynastic turmoil in France: 1316–1328
00:10:42 1.2 The dispute over Guyenne: a problem of sovereignty
00:15:33 1.3 Gascony under the King of England
00:18:04 1.4 Franco-Scot alliance
00:19:40 2 Beginning of the war: 1337–1360
00:19:53 2.1 End of homage
00:23:00 2.2 Outbreak, the English Channel and Brittany
00:24:53 2.3 Battle of Crécy and the taking of Calais
00:27:31 2.4 Battle of Poitiers
00:30:04 2.5 Reims Campaign and Black Monday
00:31:56 3 First peace: 1360–1369
00:34:07 4 French ascendancy under Charles V: 1369–1389
00:34:22 4.1 Aquitaine and Castile
00:38:36 4.2 1373 campaign of John of Gaunt
00:40:31 4.3 English turmoil
00:42:40 4.3.1 1380 campaign of the Earl of Buckingham
00:43:44 4.4 French turmoil
00:45:44 5 Second peace: 1389–1415
00:51:56 6 Resumption of the war under Henry V: 1415–1429
00:52:12 6.1 Burgundian alliance and the seizure of Paris
00:52:24 6.1.1 Battle of Agincourt (1415)
00:53:57 6.1.2 Treaty of Troyes (1420)
00:55:03 6.1.3 Death of Clarence (1421)
00:56:35 6.2 English success
00:58:50 7 French victory: 1429–1453
00:59:04 7.1 Joan of Arc and French revival
01:00:56 7.2 Henry's coronations and the desertion of Burgundy
01:03:07 7.3 French resurgence
01:04:33 7.4 Fall of Gascony
01:06:00 7.5 End of the war
01:07:41 8 Significance
01:07:50 8.1 Historical significance
01:11:09 8.2 Military significance
01:13:21 9 Timeline
01:13:31 9.1 Battles
01:13:39 10 Important figures
01:13:49 10.1 France
01:13:58 10.2 England
01:14:07 10.3 Burgundy
01:14:16 11 See also



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SUMMARY
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The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Plantagenet, rulers of the Kingdom of England, against the French House of Valois, over the right to rule the Kingdom of France. Each side drew many allies into the war. It was one of the most notable conflicts of the Middle Ages, in which five generations of kings from two rival dynasties fought for the throne of the largest kingdom in Western Europe. The war marked both the height of chivalry and its subsequent decline, and the development of strong national identities in both countries.
Tensions between the crowns of France and England can be traced back to the origins of the English royal family itself, which was French (Norman, and later, Angevin) in origin. For this reason, English monarchs had historically held not only the English crown, but also titles and lands within France, the possession of which made them vassals to the kings of France. The status of the English king's French fiefs was a major source of conflict between the two monarchies throughout the Middle Ages. French monarchs systematically sought to check the growth of English power, stripping away lands as the opportunity arose, particularly whenever England was at war with Scotland, an ally of France. Over the centuries, English holdings in France had varied in size, at some points dwarfing even the French royal domain; by 1337, however, only Gascony was left to the English.
In 1316, a principle was established denying women succession to the French throne (later retroactively attributed to the ancient Salic law). In 1328, Charles IV of France died without sons or brothers. His closest male relative was his nephew Edward III of England, whose mother, Isabella of France, was sister of the deceased king. Isabella claimed the throne of France for her son, but the French rejected it, maintaining that Isabella could not transmit a right she did not possess. Furthermore, political sentiment favoured a Frenchman for the crown rather than a foreign prince. The throne passed instead to Philip, Count of Valois, a patrilineal cousin of Charles IV, who would become Philip VI of F ...