Ecuador | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-14

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Ecuador


00:01:54 1 History
00:02:03 1.1 Pre-Inca era
00:04:13 1.2 Inca era
00:07:34 1.3 Spanish rule
00:08:54 1.4 Independence
00:10:33 1.5 Liberal Revolution
00:11:06 1.6 Loss of claimed territories since 1830
00:11:17 1.6.1 President Juan José Flores de jure territorial claims
00:13:14 1.6.2 Struggle for independence
00:15:02 1.6.3 Peruvian occupation of Jaén, Tumbes, and Guayaquil
00:18:45 1.6.4 The dissolution of Gran Colombia
00:21:11 1.6.5 Struggle for possession of the Amazon Basin
00:30:26 1.7 Military governments (1972–79)
00:31:36 1.8 Return to democracy
00:35:06 2 Government and politics
00:36:21 2.1 Executive branch
00:37:13 2.2 Legislative branch
00:37:56 2.3 Judicial branch
00:38:50 2.4 Electoral branch
00:39:32 2.5 Transparency and social control branch
00:40:10 2.6 Human rights
00:42:08 2.7 Foreign affairs
00:44:16 3 Administrative divisions
00:44:39 3.1 Regions and planning areas
00:46:52 4 Military
00:49:03 5 Geography
00:52:54 5.1 Climate
00:53:41 5.2 Hydrology
00:56:02 5.3 Biodiversity
00:58:38 6 Economy
01:04:16 6.1 Tourism
01:07:03 7 Transport
01:09:07 8 Demographics
01:11:09 8.1 Religion
01:13:26 8.2 Nations
01:13:57 8.3 Population genetics
01:14:23 8.4 Population density
01:15:08 8.5 Immigration and emigration
01:16:34 9 Culture
01:19:13 9.1 Language
01:20:07 9.2 Music
01:21:21 9.3 Cuisine
01:22:57 9.4 Literature
01:26:19 9.5 Art
01:27:12 9.6 Sports
01:28:57 10 Health
01:32:36 11 Education
01:37:17 12 Sciences and research
01:40:36 13 See also



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SUMMARY
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Ecuador ( (listen) EK-wə-dor, Spanish: [ekwaˈðoɾ]) (Quechua: Ikwayur), officially the Republic of Ecuador (Spanish: República del Ecuador,  which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: Ikwadur Ripuwlika), is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) west of the mainland. The capital city is Quito, while the largest city is Guayaquil.
What is now Ecuador was home to a variety of Amerindian groups that were gradually incorporated into the Inca Empire during the 15th century. The territory was colonized by Spain during the 16th century, achieving independence in 1820 as part of Gran Colombia, from which it emerged as its own sovereign state in 1830. The legacy of both empires is reflected in Ecuador's ethnically diverse population, with most of its 16.4 million people being mestizos, followed by large minorities of European, Amerindian, and African descendants. Spanish is the official language and is spoken by a majority of the population, though 13 Amerindian languages are also recognized, including Quichua and Shuar.
The sovereign state of Ecuador is a middle-income representative democratic republic with a developing economy that is highly dependent on commodities, namely petroleum and agricultural products. It is governed as a democratic presidential republic. One of 17 megadiverse countries in the world, Ecuador hosts many endemic plants and animals, such as those of the Galápagos Islands. In recognition of its unique ecological heritage, the new constitution of 2008 is the first in the world to recognize legally enforceable Rights of Nature, or ecosystem rights.