Classroom Aid - CERN Particle Detectors CMS and Atlas
Channel: David Butler
Date: 2021-09-29

Text - http://howfarawayisit.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/The-Higgs-Boson-2021.pdf
Music free version - 
website - https://howfarawayisit.com
Wiki page
https://howfarawayisit.fandom.com/wiki/Encyclopedia_Howfarawayica

In this segment, we cover the Higgs Boson starting with force fields and their particles. 

First, we cover Quantum Electrodynamics - QED. We note that a disturbance in the electric field can create a particle – the photon. We show how the virtual photon mediates the electromagnetic force with virtual photons that are actually not particles. We also introduce coupling constants and Feynman Diagrams. We then extend this ‘force particle from a force field’ concept to include a matter particle from a matter field. In electromagnetic quantum field theory, this is the electron.  

Next, we cover Quantum Chromo Dynamics – QCD. We show how the electromagnetic force is used as the model for the strong nuclear force that holds quarks together in protons and neutrons and holds protons and neutrons together in the atomic nucleus. We introduce color charge, gluons, virtual gluons, quark containment, and pion exchange between nucleons (the residual strong force). We also highlight the origin of mass for the proton. We then fill out the Standard Model of particle physics with the weak nuclear force and its force particles - the W and Z bosons. Using Beta Decay, we show how this force can change the actual particle in an interaction, not just accelerate it.

Next, we discuss spin oscillation as the origin of mass for elementary particles that lead to the Higgs Field and the Higgs Mechanism, and, as with all other fields, a disturbance in the Higgs Filed should create a particle – the Higgs boson. We show how the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN works and how the Higgs particle was discovered.

We’ll conclude with a brief look at what the standard model doesn’t cover (like gravity) and some of the theories in development that may very well take physics to the next level (like Super Symmetry). We end with a description of Planck’s Length (the shortest distance that can exist) and its implications for the next generation of physicists

Music: 

@00:00 Albinoni - Concerto for Oboe and Strings No 2  II: Frank Berger, Hans-Dieter Weber; from the album “50 Must-Have Adagio Masterpieces” 2013

@06:59 Rachmaninoff - Symphony No. 2 Adagio: Sofia Philharmonic Orchestra; Emil Tabakov; from the album “Sergei Rachmaninoff: Symphony No. 2 in E Minor, Op. 27” 2011

@23:02 Ravel – Boléro: The London Symphony Orchestra; from the album “Classical Masterminds - Ravel” 2007

@33:22 Vaughan Williams - The Lark Ascending: Hugh Bean; New Philharmonia Orchestra; Sir Adrian Boult; from the album “Essential Adagios” 2010

@37:43 Brahms - Violin Concerto, Op 77 II Adagio: Sofia Philharmonic Orchestra, Vesselin Eshkenasi; from the album “50 Must-Have Adagio Masterpiece” 2013


Music
@00:00 Stravinsky - The Firebird - from the album “The Firebird Suite” 2010

@01:13 Beethoven - Symphony No 6 (Shepherds Hymn) - Philadelphia Orchestra; Riccardo Muti; from the album “Essential Adagios” 2010

@05:5 Mozart - Divertimento No 10 - Franz Liszt Chamber Orchestra – from the album “50 Must-Have Adagio Masterpieces” 2013

@19:18 Rossini - William Tell Overture - London Philharmonia Orchestra and Alfred Scholz; from the album “The London Philharmonic Collection: Light Classics” 2009

@36:18 Haydn - Piano Concerto No 4 - Nicolai Evrov, Sofia Philharmonic Orchestra; from the album “50 Must-Have Adagio Masterpieces” 2013