Sexually Transmitted Diseases ( STD) / # S. J 7.0 RESEARCH CENTER # STD @ 7.0 s.j
Channel: Bengal pharma
Date: 2021-07-27

Sexually transmitted disease

Also called: STD

Main results

An infection transmitted through sexual contact, caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites.

MOST COMMON TYPES

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

An infection that causes warts in various parts of the body, depending on the strain.

Genital herpes

A common sexually transmitted infection marked by genital pain and sores.

Chlamydia

A common, sexually transmitted infection that may not cause symptoms.





Types of STDs

Chlamydia. A certain type of bacteria causes chlamydia. ...

HPV (human papillomavirus) Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a virus that can be passed from one person to another through intimate skin-to-skin or sexual contact. ...

Syphilis. ...

HIV. ...

Gonorrhea. ...

Pubic lice ('crabs') ...

Trichomoniasis. ...

Herpes.






Syphilis is a dangerous disease, but it can be cured." Poster encouraging treatment. Published between 1936 and 1938.SpecialtyInfectious diseaseSymptomsNone, vaginal discharge, penile discharge, ulcers on or around the genitals, pelvic pain[1]ComplicationsInfertility[1]CausesInfections commonly spread by sex[1]PreventionNot having sex, vaccinations, condoms[2]Frequency1.1 billion (STIs other than HIV/AIDS, 2015)[3]Deaths108,000 (STIs other than HIV/AIDS, 2015)[4]
More than 30 different bacteria, viruses, and parasites can be transmitted through sexual activity.[1] Bacterial STIs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis.[1] Viral STIs include genital herpes, HIV/AIDS, and genital warts.[1] Parasitic STIs include trichomoniasis.[1] While usually spread by sex, some STIs can be spread by non-sexual contact with donor tissue, blood, breastfeeding, or during childbirth.[1] STI diagnostic tests are usually easily available in the developed world, but they are often unavailable in the developing world.[1]
The most effective way to prevent STIs is to not have sex.[2] Some vaccinations may also decrease the risk of certain infections including hepatitis B and some types of HPV.[2] Safe sex practices, such as use of condoms, having a smaller number of sexual partners, and being in a relationship in which each person only has sex with the other also decreases the risk of STIs.[1][2] Circumcision in adult males may be effective to prevent some infections.[1] During school, comprehensive sex education may also be useful.[9] Most STIs are treatable or curable; of the most common infections, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis are curable, while herpes, hepatitis B, HIV/AIDS, and HPV are treatable but not curable.[1] Resistance to certain antibiotics is developing among some organisms such as gonorrhea.[10]
In 2015, about 1.1 billion people had STIs other than HIV/AIDS.[3] About 500 million were infected with either syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia or trichomoniasis.[1] At least an additional 530 million people have genital herpes, and 290 million women have human papillomavirus.[1] STIs other than HIV resulted in 108,000 deaths in 2015.[4] In the United States, there were 19 million new cases of STIs in 2010.[11] Historical documentation of STIs dates back to at least the Ebers papyrus around 1550 BC and the Old Testament.[12] There is often shame and stigma associated with STIs.[1] The term sexually transmitted infection is generally preferred over sexually transmitted disease or venereal disease, as it includes those who do not have symptomatic disease.



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