Pardon | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-05

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Pardon


00:01:19 1 By country
00:01:28 1.1 Canada
00:01:36 1.1.1 Pardons
00:07:06 1.1.2 Clemency
00:07:41 1.2 Chile
00:08:49 1.3 France
00:10:34 1.4 Germany
00:11:59 1.5 Greece
00:12:26 1.6 Hong Kong
00:13:27 1.7 India
00:18:58 1.8 Iran
00:19:17 1.9 Ireland
00:19:25 1.9.1 Constitutional basis
00:20:29 1.9.2 Method I
00:21:36 1.9.3 Method II
00:22:21 1.9.4 Committee of Inquiry
00:23:02 1.9.5 Pardons under Military Law
00:23:23 1.9.6 Compensation
00:24:27 1.10 Israel
00:24:57 1.11 Italy
00:26:05 1.12 Poland
00:27:13 1.13 Russia
00:27:56 1.14 South Africa
00:28:56 1.15 Spain
00:31:44 1.16 Switzerland
00:32:15 1.17 Turkey
00:33:04 1.18 United Kingdom
00:38:07 1.19 United States
00:38:16 1.19.1 U.S. Constitution
00:39:40 1.19.2 State law
00:40:53 2 Related concepts
00:43:46 3 See also



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SUMMARY
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A pardon is a government decision to allow a person to be absolved of guilt for an alleged crime or other legal offense, as if the act never occurred. The pardon may be granted before or after conviction for the crime, depending on the laws of the jurisdiction.Pardons can be granted in many countries when individuals are deemed to have demonstrated that they have "paid their debt to society", or are otherwise considered to be deserving of them. Pardons are sometimes offered to persons who were either wrongfully convicted or who claim that they were wrongfully convicted. In some jurisdictions of some nations, accepting a pardon may implicitly constitute an admission of guilt; the offer is refused in some cases. Cases of wrongful conviction are nowadays more often dealt with by appeal rather than by pardon; however, a pardon is sometimes offered when innocence is undisputed in order to avoid the costs that are associated with a retrial. Clemency plays a very important role when capital punishment is applied.
Pardons are sometimes seen as a mechanism for combating corruption, allowing a particular authority to circumvent a flawed judicial process to free someone that is seen as wrongly convicted. Pardons can also be a source of controversy. In extreme cases, some pardons may be seen as acts of corruption by officials in the form of granting effective immunity as political favors.