Niche differentiation | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-06

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niche_differentiation


00:01:32 1 Detection and quantification
00:04:09 2 Development
00:04:40 2.1 Current competition (The Ghost of Competition Present)
00:05:54 2.2 Via past extinctions (The Ghost of Competition Past)
00:07:08 2.3 Evolving differences
00:07:45 3 Types
00:08:06 3.1 Resource partitioning
00:10:12 3.2 Predator partitioning
00:11:19 3.3 Conditional differentiation
00:12:23 3.4 Competition-predation trade-off
00:13:32 4 Coexistence without niche differentiation: exceptions to the rule
00:16:16 5 See also



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SUMMARY
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The term niche differentiation (synonymous with niche segregation, niche separation and niche partitioning), as it applies to the field of ecology, refers to the process by which competing species use the environment differently in a way that helps them to coexist. The competitive exclusion principle states that if two species with identical niches (i.e., ecological roles) compete, then one will inevitably drive the other to extinction. When two species differentiate their niches, they tend to compete less strongly, and are thus more likely to coexist.  Species can differentiate their niches in many ways, such as by consuming different foods, or using different parts of the environment.
As an example of niche partitioning, several anole lizards in the Caribbean islands share common food needs—mainly insects. They avoid competition by occupying different physical locations. For example, some live on the leaf litter floor while others live on branches. Species who live in different areas compete less for food and other resources, which minimizes competition between species.  However, species who live in similar areas compete strongly.