Classical compass winds | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-19

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_compass_winds


00:00:46 1 Origins
00:02:26 2 Biblical
00:04:02 3 Greek
00:06:41 3.1 Homer
00:08:31 3.2 Aristotle
00:10:18 3.3 Theophrastus
00:17:34 3.4 Timosthenes
00:21:13 3.5 Eratosthenes and the Tower of Winds
00:26:30 4 Roman
00:28:47 4.1 Seneca
00:29:28 4.2 Pliny
00:30:30 4.3 Aulus Gellius
00:33:09 4.4 Vatican table
00:35:47 4.5 Isidore of Seville
00:37:05 4.6 Vitruvius's 24-wind rose
00:42:20 5 Medieval Transition
00:47:19 5.1 Charlemagne
00:48:00 5.2 Arab translators
00:50:30 5.3 The Mariner's Windrose
00:51:43 6 Comparative table of classical winds
00:59:52 7 See also
00:59:57 8 References
01:00:09 9 Sources
01:00:33 See also



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SUMMARY
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In the ancient Mediterranean world, the classical compass winds were names for the points of geographic direction and orientation, in association with the winds as conceived of by the ancient Greeks and Romans. Ancient wind roses typically had twelve winds and thus twelve points of orientation, sometimes reduced to eight or increased to twenty-four.
Originally conceived as a branch of meteorology, the classical wind rose had only a tentative relationship with actual navigation. The Classical 12-point wind rose was eventually displaced by the modern compass rose (8-point, 16-point and 32-point), adopted by seafarers during the Middle Ages.