Hindko | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 17/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Hindko


00:01:11 1 Dialects
00:03:12 2 Demographics
00:05:18 3 Literature



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SUMMARY
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Hindko (ہندکو‬ ALA-LC: Hindko IPA: [hɪnd̪koː]) is a cover term for a diverse group of Lahnda (Western Punjabi) dialects spoken by people of various ethnic backgrounds in several discontinuous areas in northwestern Pakistan, primarily in the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab.There is a nascent language movement and in recent decades Hindko-speaking intellectuals have started promoting the view of Hindko as a separate language. There is a literary tradition based on Peshawari, the urban variety of Peshawar in the northwest, and another one based on the language of Abbottabad in the northeast.Although there is disagreement about the exact etymology of the name "Hindko" (Shackle for example sees it as meaning "the Indian language"), it is generally accepted that the term has developed to refer to the northwestern Indo-Aryan speech forms in contrast to the neighbouring Pashto, an Iranian language. Hindko is mutually intelligible with Punjabi and Saraiki, and has more affinities with the latter than with the former. Differences with other Punjabi varieties are more pronounced in the morphology and phonology than in the syntax.An alternative local name for this language group is Hindki.