History of molecular evolution | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-03-17

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_molecular_evolution


00:01:06 1 Early history
00:03:37 1.1 Genetic load, the classical/balance controversy, and the measurement of heterozygosity
00:08:20 1.2 Protein sequences and the molecular clock
00:10:45 2 The "molecular wars"
00:14:25 2.1 Gene-centered view of evolution
00:15:19 3 The neutral theory of molecular evolution
00:18:23 3.1 The neutralist-selectionist debate and near-neutrality
00:22:44 4 Microbial phylogeny



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SUMMARY
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The history of molecular evolution starts in the early 20th century with "comparative biochemistry", but the field of molecular evolution came into its own in the 1960s and 1970s, following the rise of molecular biology. The advent of protein sequencing allowed molecular biologists to create phylogenies based on sequence comparison, and to use the differences between homologous sequences as a molecular clock to estimate the time since the last common ancestor. In the late 1960s, the neutral theory of molecular evolution provided a theoretical basis for the molecular clock, though both the clock and the neutral theory were controversial, since most evolutionary biologists held strongly to panselectionism, with natural selection as the only important cause of evolutionary change. After the 1970s, nucleic acid sequencing allowed molecular evolution to reach beyond proteins to highly conserved ribosomal RNA sequences, the foundation of a reconceptualization of the early history of life.