New Albion | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-11-24

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New Albion

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SUMMARY
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New Albion, also known as Nova Albion, was the name of the continental area north of Mexico claimed by Sir Francis Drake for England in 1579. This claim on the Pacific coast, which became the justification for English charters across America to the Atlantic coast, soon influenced further national expansion projects on the continent. Today, it is known as Point Reyes, California, a marine environment which is the setting of several small towns, ranches, and the Point Reyes National Seashore.
In the late sixteenth century, Drake developed a plan to use investors' support so he could sail into the Pacific to plunder Spanish settlements and ships and search for the hypothetical Strait of Anián which was thought to exist somewhere along the present-day Northern California or Oregon coasts, connecting the Pacific and Atlantic. Drake embarked on the journey in November 1577, and after successfully raiding Spanish towns and ships along their eastern Pacific coast colonies, he sailed north to seek a shortcut back to England via the Strait of Anián. Upon not finding it and to avoid reprisal by Spaniards he might encounter by sailing back through their territory, Drake decided that circumnavigation would be required to return to England. So, he sought safe harbor to prepare his ship, the Golden Hind, for the long journey.
On June 17 of 1579, Drake and his crew landed on the Pacific coast at what is now Point Reyes in Northern California. He had very friendly relations with the Coast Miwok people who inhabited the area near his landing. Living in thriving village communities, multitudes of Coast Miwok visited the English encampment daily, and Drake reciprocated with a visits by crossing a nearby ridge into an inland valley. Naming the area Nova Albion, or New Albion, he claimed sovereignty of the area for Elizabeth I of England, an act which would have significant long-term historical consequences. After effecting repairs while careening his ship, Drake set sail a few weeks later on July 23, 1579. Leaving behind no permanent presence, he circumnavigated the globe, finally returning to England in September 1580.
Over the years, numerous speculative sites along the North American Pacific coast were investigated as the area of Drake's New Albion claim. Through the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries, various cartographers and mariners identified the area near Point Reyes as Drake's likely landing place. In the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, definitive evidence was gathered, particularly regarding Drake's contact with the Coast Miwok people and porcelain shards which were established to be remnants of Drake's cargo. In October 2012, all of this culminated in the United States Department of the Interior—using a National Historic Landmark designation—formally recognizing Drake's landing being at Point Reyes, California.