Galicia (Eastern Europe) | Wikipedia audio article
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Date: 2018-11-20

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Galicia (Eastern Europe)

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SUMMARY
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Galicia  (; Ukrainian and Rusyn: Галичина, Halyčyna; Polish: Galicja; Czech and Slovak: Halič; German: Galizien; Hungarian: Galícia/Kaliz/Gácsország/Halics; Romanian: Galiția/Halici; Russian: Галиция, Galitsiya; Yiddish: גאַליציע‎ Galitsiye) is a historical and geographic region between Central and Eastern Europe. It was once the small Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia and later a crown land of Austria-Hungary, the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, which straddled the modern-day border between Poland and Ukraine. The area, which is named after the medieval city of Halych, was first mentioned in Hungarian historical chronicles in the year 1206 as Galiciæ. In 1253, prince Daniel of Galicia was crowned the King of Rus (Latin: Rex Rusiae) or King of Ruthenia following the Mongol invasion in Ruthenia (Kyivan Rus). In 1352 Kingdom of Galicia and Volhynia was annexed by the Kingdom of Poland as Ruthenian Voivodeship (Latin: Palatinatus Russiae).
The nucleus of historic Galicia lies within the modern regions of western Ukraine: Lviv, Ternopil and Ivano-Frankivsk near Halych. In the 18th century, territories that later became part of the modern Polish regions of Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Subcarpathian Voivodeship and Silesian Voivodeship were added to Galicia. It covers majorly such historic regions like Red Ruthenia (centered in Lviv) and Lesser Poland (centered in Kraków). Galicia was contested between Poland and Ruthenia since the Medieval times and in the 20th century between Poland and Ukraine. In the 10th century, several cities were founded in Galicia, such as Volodymyr and Jaroslaw, that marked their relation to the Grand Prince of Kyiv. There is considerable overlap between Galicia and Podolia (to the east) as well as south-west Ruthenia, especially a cross-border region (centred on Carpathian Ruthenia) that is inhabited by various nationalities.