Metrology | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-14

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Metrology


00:02:13 1 History
00:04:33 2 Fields of metrology
00:05:31 2.1 Scientific metrology
00:07:21 2.2 Applied, technical or industrial metrology
00:08:25 2.3 Legal metrology
00:09:45 3 Concepts
00:09:54 3.1 Definition of units
00:11:37 3.2 Realisation of units
00:12:09 3.3 Standards
00:13:34 3.4 Traceability and calibration
00:15:37 3.5 Uncertainty
00:16:30 4 International infrastructure
00:17:11 4.1 Metre Convention
00:17:44 4.1.1 General Conference on Weights and Measures
00:18:00 4.1.2 International Committee for Weights and Measures
00:18:41 4.1.3 International Bureau of Weights and Measures
00:19:36 4.2 International Organization of Legal Metrology
00:20:42 4.3 International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
00:21:27 4.4 Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology
00:23:29 5 National infrastructure
00:24:45 5.1 Metrology institutes
00:26:17 5.2 Calibration laboratories
00:27:10 5.3 Accreditation bodies
00:28:28 6 Impacts
00:29:11 7 See also
00:30:13 8 Notes
00:32:31 9 References



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- Socrates



SUMMARY
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Metrology is the science of measurement. It establishes a common understanding of units, crucial in linking human activities. Modern metrology has its roots in the French Revolution's political motivation to standardise units in France, when a length standard taken from a natural source was proposed. This led to the creation of the decimal-based metric system in 1795, establishing a set of standards for other types of measurements. Several other countries adopted the metric system between 1795 and 1875; to ensure conformity between the countries, the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was established by the Metre Convention. This has evolved into the International System of Units (SI) as a result of a resolution at the 11th Conference Generale des Poids et Mesures (CGPM) in 1960.Metrology is divided into three basic overlapping activities.
The first being the definition of units of measurement, second the realisation of these units of measurement in practice, and last traceability, which is linking measurements made in practice to the reference standards. These overlapping activities are used in varying degrees by the three basic sub-fields of Metrology. The sub-fields are scientific or fundamental metrology, which is concerned with the establishment of units of measurement, Applied, technical or industrial metrology, the application of measurement to manufacturing and other processes in society, and Legal metrology, which covers the regulation and statutory requirements for measuring instruments and the methods of measurement.
In each country, a national measurement system (NMS) exists as a network of laboratories, calibration facilities and accreditation bodies which implement and maintain its metrology infrastructure. The NMS affects how measurements are made in a country and their recognition by the international community, which has a wide-ranging impact in its society (including economics, energy, environment, health, manufacturing, industry and consumer confidence). The effects of metrology on trade and  economy are some of the easiest-observed societal impacts. To facilitate fair trade, there must be an agreed-upon system of measurement.