Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution


00:01:17 1 Text
00:02:07 2 Background
00:03:47 3 The Temperance Movement
00:04:56 4 Proposal and ratification
00:07:24 5 The Volstead Act
00:09:03 6 Positives and negatives
00:11:28 7 Controversies
00:14:43 8 Calls for repeal
00:16:08 9 Impact
00:18:57 10 Bootlegging and organized crime
00:21:51 11 See also



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SUMMARY
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The Eighteenth Amendment (Amendment XVIII) of the United States Constitution effectively established the prohibition of intoxicating liquors in the United States by declaring the production, transport, and sale of  intoxicating liquors (though not the consumption or private possession) illegal. It was ratified on January 16, 1919. The separate Volstead Act set down methods for enforcing the Eighteenth Amendment, and defined which "intoxicating liquors" were prohibited, and which were excluded from prohibition (e.g., for medical and religious purposes). The Amendment was the first to set a time delay before it would take effect following ratification, and the first to set a time limit for its ratification by the states. The Volstead Act set the starting date for nationwide prohibition for January 17, 1920, which was the earliest day allowed by the Eighteenth Amendment.
The Amendment was in effect for the following 14 years. It was repealed in 1933 by ratification of the Twenty-First Amendment. The Twenty-first Amendment was ratified on December 5, 1933. It is unique among the 27 amendments of the U.S. Constitution for being the only one to repeal a prior amendment and to have been ratified by state ratifying conventions.