Chemical rocket | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-19

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine


00:01:22 1 Terminology
00:02:33 2 Principle of operation
00:03:55 2.1 Propellant
00:04:56 2.2 Injection
00:05:50 2.3 Combustion chamber
00:08:53 2.4 Nozzle
00:12:09 2.4.1 Back pressure and optimal expansion
00:14:59 2.5 Propellant efficiency
00:18:16 2.6 Thrust vectoring
00:19:16 3 Overall performance
00:20:02 3.1 Specific impulse
00:21:13 3.2 Net thrust
00:24:45 3.3 Vacuum specific impulse, Isubsp/sub
00:27:32 3.4 Throttling
00:29:21 3.5 Energy efficiency
00:30:27 3.6 Thrust-to-weight ratio
00:31:45 4 Cooling
00:37:20 5 Mechanical issues
00:38:33 6 Acoustic issues
00:38:59 6.1 Combustion instabilities
00:43:24 6.1.1 Chugging
00:44:04 6.1.2 Buzzing
00:44:34 6.1.3 Screeching
00:46:28 6.2 Exhaust noise
00:49:25 7 Testing
00:49:52 8 Safety
00:50:50 8.1 Saturn family (1961–1975)
00:51:56 8.2 Space Shuttle (1981–2011)
00:52:49 9 Chemistry
00:57:28 10 Ignition
00:59:32 11 Jet physics
01:00:59 12 Types of rocket engines
01:01:10 12.1 Physically powered
01:01:20 12.2 Chemically powered
01:01:29 12.3 Electrically powered
01:01:39 12.4 Thermal
01:01:48 12.4.1 Preheated
01:01:56 12.4.2 Solar thermal
01:02:47 12.4.3 Beamed thermal
01:02:56 12.4.4 Nuclear thermal
01:03:05 12.5 Nuclear
01:03:32 13 History of rocket engines
01:11:22 14 See also



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SUMMARY
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A rocket engine uses stored rocket propellant mass for forming its high-speed propulsive jet. Rocket engines are reaction engines, obtaining thrust in accordance with Newton's third law. Most rocket engines use combustion, although non-combusting forms (such as cold gas thrusters) also exist. Vehicles propelled by rocket engines are commonly called rockets. Since they need no external material to form their jet, rocket engines can perform in a vacuum and thus can be used to propel spacecraft and ballistic missiles.
Compared to other types of jet engines, rocket engines are by far the lightest, and have the highest thrust, but are the least propellant-efficient (they have the lowest specific impulse). The ideal exhaust is hydrogen, the lightest of all gases, but chemical rockets produce a mix of heavier species, reducing the exhaust velocity. Rocket engines become more efficient at high velocities, due to greater propulsive efficiency and the Oberth effect. Since they do not require an atmosphere, they are well suited for uses at very high altitudes and in space.