Chemical Weapons Treaty | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-07

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_Weapons_Convention


00:03:37 1 History
00:05:11 2 Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
00:06:53 3 Key points of the Convention
00:07:48 3.1 Controlled substances
00:12:42 4 Member states
00:13:52 4.1 Key organizations of member states
00:14:26 5 World stockpile of chemical weapons
00:14:51 5.1 Treaty deadlines
00:15:21 5.2 Progress of destruction
00:16:54 5.2.1 Iraqi stockpile
00:19:21 5.2.2 Syrian destruction
00:21:18 5.2.3 Financial support for destruction
00:22:08 5.3 Known chemical weapons production facilities
00:22:55 6 See also
00:23:04 6.1 Related international law
00:23:51 6.2 Worldwide treaties for other types of arms
00:24:17 6.3 Chemical weapons
00:24:33 6.4 Related remembrance day



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SUMMARY
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The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) is an arms control treaty that outlaws the production, stockpiling, and use of chemical weapons and their precursors. The full name of the treaty is the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction and it is administered by the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), an intergovernmental organization based in The Hague, The Netherlands. The treaty entered into force on 29 April 1997. The Chemical Weapons Convention prohibits the large-scale use, development, production, stockpiling and transfer of chemical weapons. Very limited production for research, medical, pharmaceutical or protective purposes is still permitted. The main obligation of member states under the convention is to effect this prohibition, as well as the destruction of all current chemical weapons. All destruction activities must take place under OPCW verification.
As of May 2018, 193 states have become parties to the CWC and accept its obligations. Israel has signed but not ratified the agreement, while three other UN member states (Egypt, North Korea and South Sudan) have neither signed nor acceded to the treaty.  Most recently, the State of Palestine deposited its instrument of accession to the CWC on 17 May 2018. In September 2013 Syria acceded to the convention as part of an agreement for the destruction of Syria's chemical weapons.As of November 2018, 96.62% of the world's declared chemical weapons stockpiles had been destroyed. The convention has provisions for systematic evaluation of chemical production facilities, as well as for investigations of allegations of use and production of chemical weapons based on intelligence of other state parties.
Some chemicals which have been used extensively in warfare but have numerous large-scale industrial uses such as phosgene are highly regulated, however, certain notable exceptions exist. Chlorine gas is highly toxic, but being a pure element and extremely widely used for peaceful purposes, is not officially listed as a chemical weapon. Certain state-powers (e.g. the Assad regime of Syria) continue to regularly manufacture and implement such chemicals in combat munitions. Although these chemicals are not specifically listed as controlled by the CWC, the use of any toxic chemical as a weapon (when used to produce fatalities solely or mainly through its toxic action) is in-and-of itself forbidden by the treaty. Other chemicals, such as white phosphorus, are highly toxic but are legal under the CWC when they are used by military forces for reasons other than their toxicity.