Hawkins-Kennedy impingement test : Clinical Essentials
Channel: Dr.G Bhanu Prakash Animated Medical Videos
Date: 2021-11-18

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Hawkins-Kennedy impingement test

The Hawkins–Kennedy Test is a test used in the evaluation of orthopedic shoulder injury. It was first described in the 1980s by Canadian Drs. R. Hawkins and J. Kennedy, and a positive test is most likely indicative of damage to the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle

Perform this test by forward flexing the shoulder and elbow to 90° and forcibly internally rotating the shoulder.

Pain indicates a positive test result and is due to supraspinatus tendon and greater tuberosity impingement under the coracoacromial ligament and coracoid process. See the image below.

Interpretation
A positive Hawkins-Kennedy test is indicative of an impingement of all structures that are located between the greater tubercle of the humerus and the coracohumeral ligament. The impinged structures include the supraspinatus muscle, teres minor muscle, and the infraspinatus muscle. The Hawkins-Kennedy test is considered to be a highly sensitive test (79%) and thus a positive Hawkins-Kennedy test suggests that injury is likely.

Interpretation
A positive Hawkins-Kennedy test is indicative of an impingement of all structures that are located between the greater tubercle of the humerus and the coracohumeral ligament. The impinged structures include the supraspinatus muscle, teres minor muscle, and the infraspinatus muscle. The Hawkins-Kennedy test is considered to be a highly sensitive test (79%) and thus a positive Hawkins-Kennedy test suggests that injury is likely.

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