India | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 31/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India


00:04:18 1 Etymology
00:05:54 2 History
00:06:04 2.1 Ancient India
00:11:47 2.2 Medieval India
00:16:08 2.3 Early modern India
00:19:55 2.4 Modern India
00:25:33 3 Geography
00:30:45 4 Biodiversity
00:35:01 5 Politics and government
00:35:11 5.1 Politics
00:40:23 5.2 Government
00:45:00 5.3 Subdivisions
00:46:08 6 Foreign, economic and strategic relations
00:53:13 7 Economy
01:01:10 7.1 Industries
01:05:01 7.2 Socio-economic challenges
01:07:47 8 Demographics
01:11:27 8.1 Languages
01:12:38 8.2 Religions
01:13:37 9 Culture
01:14:44 9.1 Art and architecture
01:16:28 9.2 Literature
01:18:21 9.3 Performing arts
01:20:39 9.4 Motion pictures, television
01:22:16 9.5 Cuisine
01:23:21 9.6 Society
01:26:30 9.7 Clothing
01:27:32 9.8 Sports
01:32:15 10 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
India (IAST: Bhārat), also known as the Republic of India (IAST: Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.
The Indian subcontinent was home to the urban Indus Valley Civilisation of the 3rd millennium BCE — one of the world's earliest civilizations. The Iron Age Vedic period, saw the composition of the Vedas, the seminal texts of Hinduism, coalesced into Janapadas (monarchical, state-level polities), and social stratification based on caste. Large-scale urbanization occurred on the Indo-Gangetic Plain in the first millennium BCE leading to the Mahajanapadas (large, urbanised states), and Buddhism and Jainism arose. Early political consolidations took place under the Magadhan dynasties of Nandas, Mauryas and Guptas from the north and by the Satavahanas and Chalukyas in the Deccan; the later peninsular Middle Kingdoms, notably Pallavas and Cholas, influenced cultures as far as Southeast Asia; while the Tripartite Struggle, centred on Kannauj, lasted for more than two centuries for the control of the Indian subcontinent between the Palas, Rashtrakutas, and Gurjara-Pratiharas in the  early Medieval era. Much of the north fell to the Delhi sultanate; the south was united under the Vijayanagara Empire. The country was unified in the 17th century by the Mughals, during this period Sikhism arose. In the 18th century, much of the Indian subcontinent came under imperial Maratha and Sikh rule, however, by the mid-19th century much of the Indian subcontinent came under the British East India Company, later shifting to British crown rule. A nationalist movement emerged in the late 19th century, which later, under Mahatma Gandhi, was noted for nonviolent resistance and led to India's independence in 1947.
In 2017, the Indian economy was the world's sixth largest by nominal GDP and third largest by purchasing power parity. Following market-based economic reforms in 1991, India became one of the fastest-growing major economies and is considered a newly industrialised country. However, it continues to face the challenges of poverty, corruption, malnutrition, and inadequate public healthcare. A nuclear weapons state and regional power, it has the second largest standing army in the world and ranks fifth in military expenditure among nations. India is a federal republic governed under a parliamentary system and consists of 29 states and 7 union territories. A pluralistic, multiling ...