Economic history of World War I | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-16

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_history_of_World_War_I


00:03:30 1 Europe
00:04:41 2 Allies
00:05:07 2.1 United Kingdom
00:07:34 2.1.1 Energy
00:10:12 2.1.2 Scotland
00:11:01 2.1.3 Ireland
00:12:42 2.1.4 Commonwealth and British Empire
00:13:23 2.1.4.1 Canada
00:14:02 2.1.4.2 Australia
00:17:52 2.1.4.3 South Africa
00:18:42 2.2 Belgium
00:21:21 2.2.1 Belgian Congo
00:22:45 2.3 France
00:25:00 2.3.1 Finance
00:25:43 2.3.2 French colonies
00:26:43 2.4 Russia
00:30:44 2.5 Italy
00:32:27 2.6 United States
00:32:36 2.6.1 Economic confusion in 1917
00:33:54 2.6.2 Women
00:34:35 2.6.3 Labour
00:35:41 3 Central Powers
00:35:50 3.1 Germany
00:40:00 3.2 Ottoman Empire
00:41:18 3.3 Austria-Hungary
00:45:09 3.4 Bulgaria
00:46:08 4 Neutral countries
00:46:18 4.1 Chile
00:47:04 5 Postwar
00:48:12 6 See also
00:48:30 7 External links
00:56:53 8 Footnotes
00:57:02 9 Further reading
00:57:11 9.1 Europe and general
01:02:05 9.2 Origins
01:02:29 9.3 Britain
01:04:35 9.4 Canada
01:05:34 9.5 France
01:06:43 9.6 Italy
01:07:09 9.7 Russia
01:09:44 9.8 United States
01:15:07 9.9 Germany
01:17:51 9.10 Ottoman Empire
01:18:31 9.11 Austria-Hungary
01:19:41 9.12 Primary sources



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
Speaking Rate: 0.9657706659104752
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B


"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
The economic history of World War I covers the methods used by the First World War (1914–1918), as well as related postwar issues such as war debts and reparations.  It also covers the economic mobilization of labor, industry, and agriculture leading to economic failure.  It deals with economic warfare such as the blockade of Germany, and with some issues closely related to the economy, such as military issues of transportation.  For a broader perspective see Home front during World War I.
All of the powers in 1914 expected a short war; none had made any economic preparations for a long war, such as stockpiling food or critical raw materials. The longer the war went on, the more the advantages went to the Allies, with their larger, deeper, more versatile economies and better access to global supplies.  As Broadberry and Harrison conclude, once stalemate set in late in 1914:

: The greater Allied capacity for taking risks, absorbing the cost of mistakes, replacing losses, and accumulating overwhelming quantitative superiority should eventually have turned the balance against Germany.
The Allies had much more potential wealth they could spend on the war. One estimate (using 1913 US dollars) is that the Allies spent $147 billion on the war and the Central Powers only $61 billion. Among the Allies, Britain and its Empire spent $47 billion and the U.S. $27 billion (America joined after the war started) while among the Central Powers, Germany spent $45 billion.Total war demanded total mobilization of all the nation's resources for a common goal. Manpower had to be channeled into the front lines (all the powers except the United States and Britain had large trained reserves designed just for that). Behind the lines labour power had to be redirected away from less necessary activities that were luxuries during total war. In particular, vast munitions industries had to be built up to provide shells, guns, warships, uniforms, airplanes, and a hundred other weapons both old and new. Agriculture had to provide food for both civilians and for soldiers (some of whom had been farmers and needed to be replaced by women, children and the elderly who now did the work without animal assistance) and for horses to move supplies. Transportation, in general, was a challenge, especially when Britain and Germany each tried to intercept merchant ships headed for the enemy. Finance was a special challenge. Germany financed the Central Powers. Britain financed the Allies until 1916 when it ran out of money and had to borrow from the United States.  The U.S. took over the financing of the Al ...