Pune | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-09

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Pune


00:01:48 1 Etymology
00:02:13 2 History
00:02:22 2.1 Early and medieval
00:02:57 2.2 Bhosale Jagir and the Maratha Empire
00:04:41 2.3 Peshwa rule
00:06:37 2.4 British rule (1818–1947)
00:07:40 2.4.1 Centre of social reform and nationalism
00:08:35 2.5 Pune since Indian independence
00:10:54 3 Geography
00:12:21 3.1 Climate
00:14:12 3.2 Seismology
00:14:42 4 Economy
00:18:04 4.1 List of companies headquartered in Pune
00:18:21 5 Demographics
00:20:16 6 Urban Structure
00:22:58 6.1 Peths in Pune
00:23:36 7 Government and public services
00:23:46 7.1 Civic administration
00:26:15 7.2 Utility services
00:27:40 8 Transport
00:27:49 8.1 Public transport
00:28:20 8.1.1 Rail
00:29:08 8.1.2 Bus service
00:29:56 8.1.3 Metro
00:31:10 8.2 Road transport
00:32:07 8.2.1 Personal transport
00:33:47 8.3 Air
00:34:39 9 Healthcare
00:35:27 10 Education and research
00:36:17 10.1 Basic education
00:37:30 10.2 University education
00:39:34 10.3 Research Institutes
00:41:33 11 Culture
00:41:42 11.1 Architecture
00:42:31 11.2 Museums, parks and zoos
00:43:59 11.3 Performing arts
00:44:54 11.4 Religious establishments and spirituality
00:48:30 12 Media
00:49:56 13 Sport
00:52:31 13.1 Teams
00:53:50 14 International relations
00:54:24 15 See also



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SUMMARY
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Pune (Marathi pronunciation: [puɳe]; English:  ;), formerly spelled Poona (1857–1978), is the second largest city in the Indian state of Maharashtra, after Mumbai. It is the ninth most populous city in the country with an estimated population of 3.13 million. Along with its Industrial twin Pimpri Chinchwad and the three cantonment towns of Pune, Khadki and Dehu Road, Pune forms the urban core of the eponymous Pune Metropolitan Region (PMR). According to the 2011 census, the urban area has a combined population of 5.05 million while the population of the metropolitan region is estimated at 7.27 million. Situated 560 metres (1,837 feet) above sea level on the Deccan plateau on the right bank of the Mutha river, Pune is also the administrative headquarters of its namesake district. In the 18th century, the city was the seat of the Peshwas, the prime ministers of the Maratha Empire and so was one of the most important political centres on the Indian subcontinent. Pune is ranked the No. 1 city in India in 'ease of living' ranking index .The city is considered to be the cultural capital of Maharashtra.  It is also known as the "Oxford of the East" due to the presence of several well-known educational institutions. The city has emerged as a major educational hub in recent decades, with nearly half of the total international students in the country studying in Pune. Research institutes of information technology, education, management and training attract students and professionals from India and overseas. Several colleges in Pune have student-exchange programs with colleges in Europe. Pune is also an important centre for civil services training.