Mandala | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-09

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandala


00:01:03 1 Hinduism
00:01:12 1.1 Religious meaning
00:02:34 1.2 Political meaning
00:03:56 2 Buddhism
00:04:05 2.1 Vajrayana
00:04:24 2.1.1 Visualisation of Vajrayana teachings
00:05:07 2.1.1.1 Mount Meru
00:05:37 2.1.1.2 Wisdom and impermanence
00:06:30 2.1.1.3 Five Buddhas
00:07:13 2.1.2 Practice
00:09:39 2.1.3 Offerings
00:10:43 2.2 Shingon Buddhism
00:11:45 2.3 Nichiren Buddhism
00:12:52 2.4 Pure Land Buddhism
00:14:05 3 Mesoamerican civilizations
00:14:16 3.1 Mayan iTzolk'in/i
00:15:39 3.2 Aztec Sun Stone
00:18:12 4 Christianity
00:19:45 5 Mandalas in Persian art
00:21:24 6 Western psychological interpretations
00:23:35 7 In archaeology
00:25:25 8 In architecture
00:26:20 9 In science
00:26:52 10 In contemporary use
00:27:38 11 Gallery



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SUMMARY
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A mandala (emphasis on first syllable; Sanskrit मण्डल, maṇḍala – literally "circle") is a spiritual and ritual symbol in Hinduism and Buddhism, representing the universe. In common use, "mandala" has become a generic term for any diagram, chart or geometric pattern that represents the cosmos metaphysically or symbolically; a microcosm of the universe.
The basic form of most mandalas is a square with four gates containing a circle with a center point. Each gate is in the general shape of a T. Mandalas often have radial balance.The term appears in the Rigveda as the name of the sections of the work, and Vedic rituals use mandalas such as the Navagraha mandala to this day. Mandalas are also used in Buddhism.
In various spiritual traditions, mandalas may be employed for focusing attention of practitioners and adepts, as a spiritual guidance tool, for establishing a sacred space and as an aid to meditation and trance induction.