Electrolytic capacitor | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-13

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolytic_capacitor


00:01:58 1 General Information
00:02:07 1.1 Electrolytic capacitors family tree
00:02:40 1.2 Charge principle
00:03:25 1.3 Basic materials and construction
00:06:10 1.4 Capacitance and volumetric efficiency
00:08:05 1.5 Basic construction of non-solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors
00:08:21 1.6 Basic construction of solid tantalum electrolytic capacitors
00:08:39 2 Types and features of electrolytic capacitors
00:08:50 2.1 Comparison of electrolytic capacitor types
00:10:32 2.2 Comparison of electrical parameters
00:11:29 2.3 Styles of aluminum and tantalum electrolytic capacitors
00:12:27 3 History
00:12:36 3.1 Origin
00:13:51 3.2 "Wet" aluminum capacitor
00:15:24 3.3 "Dry" aluminum capacitor
00:17:49 3.4 Tantalum capacitors
00:20:24 3.5 Solid electrolytes
00:23:22 3.6 Niobium capacitors
00:24:28 3.7 Water based electrolytes
00:25:50 4 Electrical characteristics
00:26:00 4.1 Series-equivalent circuit
00:27:01 4.2 Capacitance, standard values and tolerances
00:30:18 4.3 Rated and category voltage
00:32:02 4.4 Surge Voltage
00:33:00 4.5 Transient voltage
00:34:01 4.6 Reverse voltage
00:36:25 4.7 Impedance
00:40:30 4.8 ESR and dissipation factor tan δ
00:42:30 4.9 Ripple current
00:46:21 4.10 Current surge, peak or pulse current
00:47:24 4.11 Leakage current
00:51:08 4.12 Dielectric absorption (soakage)
00:52:20 5 Operational characteristics
00:52:30 5.1 Reliability (failure rate)
00:58:25 5.2 Lifetime
01:02:34 5.3 Failure modes, self-healing mechanism and application rules
01:03:05 5.4 Performance after storage
01:05:13 6 Additional information
01:05:22 6.1 Capacitor symbols
01:05:34 6.2 Parallel connection
01:06:01 6.3 Series connection
01:06:58 6.4 Polarity marking
01:07:16 6.5 Imprinted markings
01:09:06 6.6 Standardization
01:09:29 6.7 Market
01:09:58 6.8 Manufacturers and products
01:10:38 7 See also
01:10:55 8 References
01:11:09 2008, "X"
01:11:23 2010, "B"
01:11:36 2012, "D"
01:11:48 2014 etc. Month codes are: "1" to "9"
01:12:06 October, "N"
01:12:18 December. "X5" is then "2009, May"For very small capacitors no marking is possible. Here only the traceability of the manufacturers can ensure the identification of a type.
01:12:36 Standardization
01:14:46 Market
01:15:23 Manufacturers and products
01:15:35 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
An electrolytic capacitor (abbreviated e-cap) is a polarized capacitor whose anode or positive plate is made of a metal that forms an insulating oxide layer through anodization.  This oxide layer acts as the dielectric of the capacitor. A solid, liquid, or gel electrolyte covers the surface of this oxide layer, serving as the (cathode) or negative plate of the capacitor.  Due to their very thin dielectric oxide layer and enlarged anode surface, electrolytic capacitors have a much higher capacitance-voltage (CV) product per unit volume than ceramic capacitors or film capacitors, and so can have large capacitance values.  There are three families of electrolytic capacitor:  aluminum electrolytic capacitors, tantalum electrolytic capacitors, and niobium electrolytic capacitors.
The large capacitance of electrolytic capacitors makes them particularly suitable for passing or bypassing low-frequency signals, and for storing large amounts of energy. They are widely used for decoupling or noise filtering in power supplies and DC link circuits for variable-frequency drives, for coupling signals between amplifier stages, and storing energy as in a flashlamp.
Electrolytic capacitors are polarized components due to their asymmetrical construction, and must be operated with a higher voltage (ie, more positive) on the anode than on the cathode at all times.  For this reason the anode terminal is marked with a plus sign and the cathode with a minus sign. Apply ...