Sicilia (Roman province) | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-02

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Sicilia (Roman province)


00:02:06 1 History
00:02:15 1.1 First Punic War
00:08:07 1.2 The first Roman province?
00:12:02 1.3 Second Punic War
00:16:08 1.4 Late Republic
00:19:19 1.5 Sicilian Revolt
00:22:23 1.6 Augustan reorganisation
00:25:26 1.7 Imperial province
00:28:09 1.7.1 Latifundia
00:29:30 1.8 Arrival of Christianity in Sicily
00:35:06 1.9 The fall of the Western Empire and Sicily
00:37:42 2 Culture
00:40:04 3 Major centres
00:40:13 3.1 Catania
00:43:05 3.2 Centuripe
00:44:46 3.3 Tauromenium
00:46:06 3.4 Messana
00:47:19 3.5 Tyndaris
00:48:18 3.6 Thermae Himerae
00:49:26 3.7 Panormus
00:50:09 3.8 Drepanum
00:50:36 3.9 Lilybaeum
00:51:13 3.10 Syracuse
00:52:18 4 See also
00:52:29 5 Notes
00:52:38 6 Bibliography
00:55:21 7 External links



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SUMMARY
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Sicilia () was the first province acquired by the Roman Republic. The western part of the island was brought under Roman control in 241 BC at the conclusion of the First Punic War with Carthage. A praetor was regularly assigned to the island from c.227 BC. The Kingdom of Syracuse under Hieron II remained an independent ally of Rome until its defeat in 212 BC during the Second Punic War. Thereafter the province included the whole of the island of Sicily, the island of Malta, and the smaller island groups (the Egadi islands, the Lipari islands, Ustica, and Pantelleria).
During the Roman Republic, the island was the main source of grain for the city of Rome. Extraction was heavy, provoking armed uprisings known as the Servile Wars in the second century BC. In the first century, the Roman governor, Verres, was famously prosecuted for his corruption by Cicero. In the civil wars which brought the Roman Republic to an end, Sicily was controlled by Sextus Pompey in opposition to the Second Triumvirate. When the island finally came under the control of Augustus in 36 BC, it was substantially reorganised, with large Roman colonies being established in several major cities.
For most of the Imperial period, the province was a peaceful, agrarian territory. As a result, it is rarely mentioned in literary sources, but archaeology and epigraphy reveals several thriving cities, such as Lilybaeum and Panormus in the west, and Syracuse and Catania in the east. These communities were organised in a similar way to other cities of the Roman Empire and were largely self-governing. Greek and Latin were the main languages of the island, but Punic, Hebrew and probably other languages were also spoken. There were several Jewish communities on the island and from around AD 200 there is also evidence of substantial Christian communities.
The province briefly fell under the control of the Vandal kingdom of North Africa shortly before the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in 476, but was soon returned to the Kingdom of Italy and eventually passed to the Byzantines.