Fisher Space Pen | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-17

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writing_in_space


00:01:01 1 Mission requirements
00:01:14 1.1 Contamination control
00:03:02 1.2 Mission assurance and quality records
00:04:24 1.3 Pressure and temperature
00:05:24 2 Pre-existing writing instruments
00:05:34 2.1 Graphite-based technologies
00:06:37 2.2 Non-Graphite-based technologies
00:07:43 3 Writing instruments specifically intended for space writing



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Speaking Rate: 0.9669188367350197
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-B


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SUMMARY
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Several instruments have been used to write in outer space, including different types of pencils and pens. Some of them have been unmodified versions of conventional writing instruments; others have been invented specifically to counter the problems with writing in space conditions.
A common urban legend states that, faced with the fact that ball-point pens would not write in zero-gravity, NASA spent a large amount of money to develop a pen that would write in the conditions experienced during spaceflight (the result purportedly being the Fisher Space Pen), while the Soviet Union took the simpler and cheaper route of just using pencils. The Fisher Space Pen was developed independently by a private organization in the 1960s.Today, when practically all writing in space intended for permanent record (e.g., logs, details and results of scientific experiments) is electronic, the discussion of writing instruments in space is somewhat academic: hard copy is produced infrequently. The laptops used (as of 2012, IBM/Lenovo ThinkPads) need customization for space use, such as radiation-, heat- and fire-resistance.