Food fortification | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-11

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Food fortification


00:01:46 1 Types
00:02:16 2 Rationale
00:04:21 3 Criticism
00:05:48 3.1 Limited absorption
00:06:54 3.2 Excess intake of micronutrients
00:09:01 3.3 Different forms of micronutrients
00:10:16 4 Food supplements
00:10:42 5 Examples of fortification in foods
00:11:38 5.1 Iodized salt
00:13:12 5.2 Folic acid
00:14:26 5.3 Niacin
00:15:56 5.4 Vitamin D
00:17:33 5.5 Fluoride
00:18:34 5.6 Others
00:19:11 6 See also



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SUMMARY
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Food fortification or enrichment is the process of adding micronutrients (essential trace elements and vitamins) to food. Sometimes it's a purely commercial choice to provide extra nutrients in a food, while other times it is a public health policy which aims to reduce the number of people with dietary deficiencies within a population. Staple foods of a region can lack particular nutrients due to the soil of the region or from inherent inadequacy of a normal diet. Addition of micronutrients to staples and condiments can prevent large-scale deficiency diseases in these cases.As defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), fortification refers to "the practice of deliberately increasing the content of an essential micronutrient, ie. vitamins and minerals (including trace elements) in a food irrespective of whether the nutrients were originally in the food before processing or not, so as to improve the nutritional quality of the food supply and to provide a public health benefit with minimal risk to health", whereas enrichment is defined as "synonymous with fortification and refers to the addition of micronutrients to a food which are lost during processing".Food fortification was identified as the second strategy of four by the WHO and FAO to begin decreasing the incidence of nutrient deficiencies at the global level. As outlined by the FAO, the most common fortified foods are cereals (and cereal based products), milk (and milk products), fats and oils, accessory food items, tea and other beverages, and infant formulas. Undernutrition and nutrient deficiency is estimated globally to cause between 3 and 5 million deaths per year.