Microphone | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-02

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone


00:01:08 1 History
00:04:34 2 Components
00:05:13 3 Varieties
00:05:45 3.1 Condenser
00:06:41 3.1.1 Electret condenser
00:06:54 3.2 Dynamic
00:11:19 3.3 Ribbon
00:13:51 3.4 Carbon
00:15:27 3.5 Piezoelectric
00:18:15 3.6 Fiber-optic
00:20:16 3.7 Laser
00:22:00 3.8 Liquid
00:24:18 3.9 MEMS
00:25:54 3.10 Speakers as microphones
00:27:04 4 Capsule design and directivity
00:28:36 5 Polar patterns
00:30:33 5.1 Omnidirectional
00:31:57 5.2 Unidirectional
00:33:22 5.3 Cardioid, hypercardioid, supercardioid, subcardioid
00:35:15 5.4 Bi-directional
00:35:56 5.5 Shotgun
00:38:35 5.6 Boundary or "PZM"
00:39:30 6 Application-specific designs
00:40:22 7 Stereo microphone techniques
00:41:55 8 Powering
00:46:07 9 Connectors
00:46:37 9.1 Impedance-matching
00:48:00 9.2 Digital microphone interface
00:49:44 10 Measurements and specifications
00:52:16 11 Measurement microphones
00:53:05 11.1 Calibration
00:59:40 12 Arrays
01:00:48 13 Windscreens
01:02:02 14 See also
01:03:01 15 Further reading
01:07:11 16 References
01:07:54 17 External links



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SUMMARY
=======
A microphone, colloquially named mic or mike (), is a device – a transducer – that converts sound into an electrical signal. Microphones are used in many applications such as telephones, hearing aids, public address systems for concert halls and public events, motion picture production, live and recorded audio engineering, sound recording, two-way radios, megaphones,  radio and television broadcasting, and in computers for recording voice, speech recognition, VoIP, and for non-acoustic purposes such as ultrasonic sensors or knock sensors.
Several types of microphone are in use, which employ different methods to convert the air pressure variations of a sound wave to an electrical signal.  The most common are the dynamic microphone, which uses a coil of wire suspended in a magnetic field; the condenser microphone, which uses the vibrating diaphragm as a capacitor plate; and the piezoelectric microphone, which uses a crystal of piezoelectric material.  Microphones typically need to be connected to a preamplifier before the signal can be recorded or reproduced.