Re-education through labor | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-30

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re-education_through_labor


00:01:56 1 Re-education through labor and the Chinese penal system
00:04:55 2 History
00:10:30 2.1 Statistics
00:12:21 3 Detentions
00:12:31 3.1 Conviction and detention
00:16:17 3.2 Conditions in the facilities
00:19:53 3.3 Life after release
00:20:40 4 Criticism
00:24:53 4.1 Profit opportunities
00:25:20 5 Abolition
00:28:34 6 See also



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SUMMARY
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Re-education through labor (RTL; simplified Chinese: 劳动教养; traditional Chinese: 勞動教養; pinyin: láodòng jiàoyǎng), abbreviated laojiao (simplified Chinese: 劳教; traditional Chinese: 勞教; pinyin: láojiào) was a system of administrative detention in Mainland China. The system was active from 1957 to 2013, and was used to detain persons accused of minor crimes such as petty theft, prostitution, and trafficking illegal drugs, as well as political dissidents, petitioners, and Falun Gong adherents. It was separate from the much larger laogai system of prison labor camps.
Sentences under re-education through labor were typically for one to three years, with the possibility of an additional one-year extension.  They were issued as a form of administrative punishment by police, rather than through the judicial system. While incarcerated, detainees were often subject to some form of political education. Estimates on the number of RTL detainees on any given year range from 190,000 to two million. As of 2013, there were approximately 350 RTL camps in operation.On December 28, 2013, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress abolished the re-education through labor system and detainees were released. However, human rights groups have observed that other forms of extrajudicial detention have taken its place, with some former RTL camps being renamed as drug rehabilitation centers.