Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty
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Date: 2022-01-19

Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty, by Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10101298 / CC BY SA 3.0

#Cold_War_treaties
#Cold_War_alliances_and_military_strategy
#Taiwan–United_States_military_relations
#Treaties_concluded_in_1954
#Treaties_entered_into_force_in_1955
#Treaties_of_the_Republic_of_China_(1949–1971)
#Treaties_of_the_United_States
#Treaties_of_Taiwan
#1955_establishments_in_the_United_States
#Military_alliances_involving_the_United_States
The Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty, formally Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States of America and the Republic of China was a defense pact signed between the United States and the Republic of China （Taiwan） effective from 1955 to 1980.
It was intended to defend the island of Taiwan from invasion by the People's Republic of China.
Some of its content was carried over to the Taiwan Relations Act of 1979.
In the context of Cold War confrontation between capitalist countries and communist countries worldwide, the Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States of America and
the Republic of China was intended to secure the island of Taiwan from potential invasion by the People's Republic of China in the aftermath of the Chinese Civil War on Mainland China.
Rather than taking a multilateral approach to alliances and treaties in East Asia, as had been done in Europe with NATO, the U.S. decided on a bilateral approach with its Asian allies （Philippines, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan）,
known as the San Francisco System or hubs-and-spokes system.
Because the politics in Asia ranged from democratic to authoritarian, it would be difficult to find a base for multilateral relations stemming from shared values.
Furthermore, the countries in Asia were not perceived to face a single threat, unlike western Europe from the Soviet Union.
It was therefore considered more beneficial to pursue bilateral relations.
The treaty was signed on December 2, 1954, in Washington, D.C. and came into force on Mar...