Women's health | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_health


00:03:55 1 Definitions and scope
00:06:48 1.1 Global perspective
00:07:52 2 Life expectancy
00:10:20 3 Social and cultural factors
00:13:18 4 Biological factors
00:14:07 5 Reproductive and sexual health
00:15:19 5.1 Maternal health
00:16:21 5.1.1 Maternal death
00:22:17 5.1.2 Complications of pregnancy
00:23:24 5.1.2.1 Obstetrical fistula
00:25:16 5.2 Sexual health
00:25:25 5.2.1 Contraception
00:28:40 5.2.2 Abortion
00:30:53 5.2.3 Sexually transmitted infections
00:33:03 5.2.4 Female genital mutilation
00:34:30 5.3 Infertility
00:38:41 5.4 Child marriage
00:39:47 5.5 Menstrual cycle
00:45:11 5.6 Other issues
00:47:37 6 Non-reproductive health
00:48:04 6.1 Cardiovascular disease
00:48:27 6.2 Cancer
00:49:30 6.2.1 Breast cancer
00:52:12 6.2.2 Cervical cancer
00:53:29 6.2.3 Ovarian cancer
00:55:49 6.3 Mental health
00:56:29 6.4 Dementia
00:57:18 6.5 Bone health
00:58:11 6.6 Anaemia
00:59:19 6.7 Violence
01:00:19 7 Women in health research
01:05:32 8 National and international initiatives
01:10:23 9 Goals and challenges
01:12:38 10 See also
01:17:02 10.1 Women's health by country



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SUMMARY
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Women's health refers to the health of women, which differs from that of men in many unique ways. Women's health is an example of population health, where health is defined by the World Health Organization as "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity". Often treated as simply women's reproductive health, many groups argue for a broader definition pertaining to the overall health of women, better expressed as "The health of women". These differences are further exacerbated in developing countries where women, whose health includes both their risks and experiences, are further disadvantaged.
Although women in industrialised countries have narrowed the gender gap in life expectancy and now live longer than men, in many areas of health they experience earlier and more severe disease with poorer outcomes. Gender remains an important social determinant of health, since women's health is influenced not just by their biology but also by conditions such as poverty, employment, and family responsibilities. Women have long been disadvantaged in many respects such as social and economic power which restricts their access to the necessities of life including health care, and the greater the level of disadvantage, such as in developing countries, the greater adverse impact on health.
Women's reproductive and sexual health has a distinct difference compared to men's health. Even in developed countries pregnancy and childbirth are associated with substantial risks to women with maternal mortality accounting for more than a quarter of a million deaths per year, with large gaps between the developing and developed countries. Comorbidity from other non reproductive disease such as cardiovascular disease  contribute to both the mortality and morbidity of pregnancy, including preeclampsia. Sexually transmitted infections   have serious consequences for women and infants, with mother-to-child transmission leading to outcomes such as stillbirths and neonatal deaths, and pelvic inflammatory disease leading to infertility. In addition infertility from many other causes, birth control, unplanned pregnancy, unconsensual sexual activity and the struggle for access to abortion create other burdens for women.
While the rates of the leading causes of death, cardiovascular disease, cancer and lung disease, are similar in women and men, women have different experiences. Lung cancer has overtaken all other types of cancer as the leading cause of cancer death in women, followed by breast cancer, colorectal, ovarian, uterine and cervical cancers. While smoking is th ...