1993 Congressional hearings on video games | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 20/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_congressional_hearings_on_video_games


00:01:18 1 Background
00:02:06 1.1 State of the industry
00:04:18 1.2 Existing content ratings system
00:05:24 1.3 iMortal Kombat/i
00:07:39 1.4 iNight Trap/i
00:09:51 1.5 iLethal Enforcers/i
00:10:34 1.6 Moral panic around gun violence
00:11:00 1.7 Congressional concern
00:13:26 2 Hearings
00:13:34 2.1 First hearing
00:18:47 2.2 Video Game Rating Act of 1994
00:19:53 2.3 Interim events
00:21:08 2.4 Second hearing
00:23:23 3 Reactions
00:26:41 4 Legacy



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SUMMARY
=======
On December 7, 1993, and March 5, 1994, members of the combined United States Senate Committees on Governmental Affairs and the Judiciary held congressional hearings with several spokespersons for companies in the video game industry including Nintendo and Sega, involving violence in video games and the perceived impacts on children. The hearing was a result of concerns raised by members of the public on the 1993 releases of Night Trap and Mortal Kombat for home consoles. Besides general concerns related to violence in video games, the situation had been inflamed by a moral panic over gun violence, as well as the state of the industry and an intense rivalry between Sega and Nintendo.
The hearings, led by Senators Joe Lieberman and Herb Kohl, put the video game companies to task for the realistic depiction of violence in video games, and threatened that Congress would take action to regulate the industry if they did not take steps themselves. As a result, the American video game industry created the Interactive Digital Software Association (now known as the Entertainment Software Association) in July 1994 to serve as an advocacy group for the industry, and subsequently formed the Entertainment Software Ratings Board (ESRB) to provide content ratings on video games sold at retail.