Anne Hutchinson | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Anne Hutchinson


00:03:21 1 Life in England
00:03:31 1.1 Childhood
00:06:42 1.2 Adulthood—Following John Cotton
00:10:59 2 Boston
00:12:26 2.1 Boston Church
00:13:27 2.2 Home Bible study group
00:14:55 2.3 Antinomian controversy
00:15:04 2.3.1 Tensions build
00:18:55 2.3.2 Ministerial confrontation
00:22:02 2.3.3 Events of 1637
00:23:05 2.3.4 Civil trial: Day 1
00:25:56 2.3.5 Civil trial: Day 2
00:28:57 2.3.6 Civil trial: Verdict
00:31:27 2.3.7 Detention
00:32:34 2.3.8 Church trial
00:37:32 3 Rhode Island
00:38:54 3.1 Final pregnancy
00:40:57 3.2 Dissension in government
00:43:24 4 New Netherland
00:46:52 4.1 Death
00:50:22 5 Historical impact
00:53:46 6 Memorials and legacy
00:54:38 6.1 Literary works
00:56:03 6.2 Namesakes
00:57:28 6.3 Pardon
00:57:47 7 Family
00:57:56 7.1 Immediate family
01:01:01 7.2 Descendants
01:02:02 7.3 Ancestry
01:02:44 8 See also



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SUMMARY
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Anne Hutchinson (née Marbury; July 1591 – August 1643) was a Puritan spiritual adviser, mother of 15, and an important participant in the Antinomian Controversy which shook the infant Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1636 to 1638. Her strong religious convictions were at odds with the established Puritan clergy in the Boston area, and her popularity and charisma helped create a theological schism that threatened to destroy the Puritans' religious community in New England. She was eventually tried and convicted, then banished from the colony with many of her supporters.
Hutchinson was born in Alford, Lincolnshire, England, the daughter of Francis Marbury, an Anglican cleric and school teacher who gave her a far better education than most other girls received. She lived in London as a young adult, and there married her old friend from home William Hutchinson. The couple moved back to Alford where they began following dynamic preacher John Cotton in the nearby port of Boston, Lincolnshire. Cotton was compelled to emigrate in 1633, and the Hutchinsons followed a year later with their 11 children and soon became well established in the growing settlement of Boston in New England. Anne was a midwife and very helpful to those needing her assistance, as well as forthcoming with her personal religious understandings. Soon she was hosting women at her house weekly, providing commentary on recent sermons. These meetings became so popular that she began offering meetings for men as well, including the young governor of the colony Henry Vane.
She began to accuse the local ministers (except for Cotton and her husband's brother-in-law John Wheelwright) of preaching a "covenant of works" rather than a "covenant of grace," and many ministers began to complain about her increasingly blatant accusations, as well as certain theological teachings that did not accord with orthodox Puritan theology. The situation eventually erupted into what is commonly called the Antinomian Controversy, culminating in her 1637 trial, conviction, and banishment from the colony. This was followed by a March 1638 church trial in which she was put out of her congregation.
Hutchinson and many of her supporters established the settlement of Portsmouth with encouragement from Providence Plantations founder Roger Williams in what became the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. After her husband's death a few years later, threats of Massachusetts taking over Rhode Island compelled Hutchinson to move totally outside the reach of Boston into the lands of the Dutch. Five of her older surviving children remained in New England or in England, while she settled with her younger children near an ancient landmark called Split Rock in what later became The Bronx in New York City. Tensions were high at the time with the Siwanoy Indian tribe. In August 1643, Hutchinson, six of her children, and other household members were massacred by Siwanoys during Kieft's War. The only survivor was her nine year-old daughter Susanna, who was taken captive.
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