Dietary supplement | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 10/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Dietary supplement


00:02:32 1 Definition
00:05:13 2 Types
00:05:22 2.1 Vitamins
00:07:19 2.2 Dietary minerals
00:11:08 2.3 Proteins and amino acids
00:14:22 2.4 Bodybuilding supplements
00:16:09 2.5 Essential fatty acids
00:18:24 2.6 Natural products
00:19:46 2.7 Probiotics
00:22:41 3 Industry
00:23:15 4 Controversy
00:23:24 4.1 Adulteration
00:25:59 4.2 Litigation against false health claims
00:26:51 5 Adverse effects
00:28:24 6 Society and culture
00:28:33 6.1 Public health
00:30:08 6.2 Legal regulation
00:30:17 6.2.1 United States
00:31:46 6.2.2 European Union
00:33:35 7 Research
00:34:23 7.1 Databases
00:35:49 7.2 Quality and safety
00:36:23 7.3 Population monitoring
00:37:06 7.4 Clinical studies
00:38:02 7.5 Absence of benefit
00:38:28 7.6 Reporting bias
00:39:10 7.7 Future



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SUMMARY
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A dietary supplement is a manufactured product intended to supplement the diet when taken by mouth as a pill, capsule, tablet, or liquid. A supplement can provide nutrients either extracted from food sources or synthetic, individually or in combination, in order to increase the quantity of their consumption. The class of nutrient compounds includes vitamins, minerals, fiber, fatty acids and amino acids. Dietary supplements can also contain substances that have not been confirmed as being essential to life, but are marketed as having a beneficial biological effect, such as plant pigments or polyphenols. Animals can also be a source of supplement ingredients, as for example collagen from chickens or fish. These are also sold individually and in combination, and may be combined with nutrient ingredients. In the United States and Canada, dietary supplements are considered a subset of foods, and are regulated accordingly. The European Commission has also established harmonized rules to help insure that food supplements are safe and properly labeled. Among other countries, the definition of dietary supplements may vary as drugs or other classes of ingredients used in supplement products.
Creating an industry estimated to have a 2015 value of $37 billion, there are more than 50,000 dietary supplement products marketed just in the United States, where about 50% of the American adult population consumes dietary supplements. Multivitamins are the most commonly used product. For those who fail to consume a balanced diet, the United States National Institutes of Health states that certain supplements "may have value."In the United States, it is against federal regulations for supplement manufacturers to claim that these products prevent or treat any disease. Companies are allowed to use what is referred to as "Structure/Function" wording if there is substantiation of scientific evidence for a supplement providing a potential health effect. An example would be "_____ helps maintain healthy joints", but the label must bear a disclaimer that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) "has not evaluated the claim and that the dietary supplement product is not intended to "diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease," because only a drug can legally make such a claim. The FDA enforces these regulations, and also prohibits the sale of supplements and supplement ingredients that are dangerous, or supplements not made according to standardized good manufacturing practices (GMPs).