Drosophila melanogaster | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-03-26

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drosophila_melanogaster


00:01:17 1 Physical appearance
00:02:13 2 Lifecycle and reproduction
00:07:31 2.1 Females
00:08:43 2.2 Males
00:10:36 2.3 Polygamy
00:12:44 3 Model organism in genetics
00:13:06 3.1 History of use in genetic analysis
00:14:24 3.2 Reasons for use in laboratories
00:16:34 3.3 Genetic markers
00:18:16 4 Genome
00:19:31 4.1 Similarity to humans
00:20:37 5 Development
00:24:06 6 Sex determination
00:26:43 7 Immunity
00:29:25 8 Behavioral genetics and neuroscience
00:32:37 9 Transgenesis
00:33:23 10 Vision
00:38:25 11 Flight
00:39:18 12 As a pest
00:39:52 13 Misconception
00:40:22 14 See also



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SUMMARY
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Drosophila melanogaster is a species of fly (the taxonomic order Diptera) in the family Drosophilidae.  The species is known generally as the common fruit fly (though inaccurately) or vinegar fly. Starting with Charles W. Woodworth's proposal of the use of this species as a model organism, D. melanogaster continues to be widely used for biological research in genetics, physiology, microbial pathogenesis, and life history evolution. As of 2017, eight Nobel prizes had been awarded for research using Drosophila.D. melanogaster is typically used in research because it can be readily reared in the laboratory, has only four pairs of chromosomes, breeds quickly, and lays many eggs. Its geographic range includes all continents, including islands. D. melanogaster is a common pest in homes, restaurants, and other places where food is served.Flies belonging to the family Tephritidae are also called "fruit flies". This can cause confusion, especially in the Mediterranean, Australia, and South Africa, where the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata is an economic pest.