Cardiothoracic surgery | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 07/05/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiothoracic_surgery


00:00:37 1 Training
00:01:38 1.1 Australia and New Zealand
00:03:01 1.2 Canada
00:05:23 1.3 United Kingdom
00:06:26 1.4 United States
00:09:29 2 Cardiac surgery
00:11:20 2.1 Early approaches to heart malformations
00:13:30 2.2 Open heart surgery
00:16:14 2.3 Modern beating-heart surgery
00:17:14 2.4 Minimally invasive surgery
00:17:54 2.5 Pediatric cardiovascular surgery
00:19:33 2.6 Risks of cardiac surgery
00:21:42 3 Thoracic surgery
00:22:02 3.1 Lung volume reduction surgery
00:23:06 3.2 Lung cancer surgery
00:23:59 3.2.1 Types
00:24:09 4 See also
00:25:03 5 References
00:25:55 6 External links



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SUMMARY
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Cardiothoracic surgery (also known as thoracic surgery) is the field of medicine involved in surgical treatment of organs inside the thorax (the chest)—generally treatment of conditions of the heart (heart disease) and lungs (lung disease).  In most countries, cardiac surgery (involving the heart and the great vessels) and general thoracic surgery (involving the lungs, esophagus, thymus, etc.) are separate surgical specialties; the exceptions are the United States, Australia, New Zealand, and some EU countries, such as the United Kingdom and Portugal.