Bioswale | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-02

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioswale


00:01:57 1 Contaminants addressed
00:04:42 2 Best locations
00:05:27 3 Benefits
00:06:22 4 Maintenance
00:09:44 5 Design
00:12:31 6 Examples
00:15:08 7 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Bioswales are landscape elements designed to concentrate or remove debris and pollution out of surface runoff water.  They consist of a swaled drainage course with gently sloped sides (less than 6%) and filled with vegetation, compost and/or riprap. The water's flow path, along with the wide and shallow ditch, is designed to maximize the time water spends in the swale, which aids the collection and removal of pollutants, silt and debris. Bioswales are also beneficial in groundwater recharge and are effective stormwater mitigation tools. Depending upon the topography of the land, a bioswale may have a meandering or almost straight channel alignment. A bioswale's make-up can be influenced by many different variables, including climate, rainfall patterns, size of the site, budget, and available vegetation that can be planted. 
It is important to maintain bioswales to ensure best possible efficiency and effectiveness in removal of pollutants in the stormwater runoff. Planning for these things is an important step, which can include the introduction of filters or large rocks to prevent clogging. Annual maintenance through soil testing, visual inspection, and mechanical testing is also crucial to the health of a bioswale. 
A common application is around parking lots, where substantial automotive pollution is settled on the paving and then flushed by the first instance of rain, known as the first flush. The bioswales, or other type of biofilter, can be created around the edges of parking lots to capture and treat the stormwater runoff before releasing it to the watershed or storm sewer.