Moon landing conspiracy theories | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-25

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_landing_conspiracy_theories


00:01:46 1 Origins
00:03:53 2 Conspiracists and their contentions
00:10:33 3 Claimed motives of the United States and NASA
00:10:53 3.1 The Space Race
00:13:00 3.2 NASA funding and prestige
00:14:28 3.3 Vietnam War
00:15:19 4 Hoax claims and rebuttals
00:16:39 4.1 Number of conspirators involved
00:17:46 4.2 Photographic and film oddities
00:27:10 4.3 Environment
00:33:21 4.4 Mechanical issues
00:38:08 4.5 Transmissions
00:40:41 4.6 Missing data
00:41:06 4.6.1 Tapes
00:45:26 4.6.2 Blueprints
00:46:07 4.7 Technology
00:49:02 4.8 Deaths of NASA personnel
00:53:01 4.9 NASA response
00:54:20 4.10 Alleged Stanley Kubrick involvement
00:58:27 4.11 Academic work
00:59:43 4.12 iMythBusters/i special
01:00:14 5 Third-party evidence of Moon landings
01:00:24 5.1 Imaging the landing sites
01:04:46 5.2 Moon rocks
01:08:11 5.3 Missions tracked by independent parties
01:08:46 5.4 Retroreflectors
01:09:43 6 Public opinion
01:11:53 7 See also
01:12:17 8 Notes
01:12:25 9 Citations



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SUMMARY
=======
Moon landing conspiracy theories claim that some or all elements of the Apollo program and the associated Moon landings were hoaxes staged by NASA, possibly with the aid of other organizations. The most notable claim is that the six manned landings (1969–72) were faked and that 12 Apollo astronauts did not actually walk on the Moon. Various groups and individuals have made claims since the mid-1970s that NASA and others knowingly misled the public into believing the landings happened, by manufacturing, tampering with, or destroying evidence including photos, telemetry tapes, radio and TV transmissions, Moon rock samples, and even killing some key witnesses.
Much third-party evidence for the landings exists, and detailed rebuttals to the hoax claims have been made. Since the late 2000s, high-definition photos taken by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) of the Apollo landing sites have captured the lander modules and the tracks left by the astronauts. In 2012, images were released showing five of the six Apollo missions' American flags erected on the Moon still standing; the exception is that of Apollo 11, which has lain on the lunar surface since being accidentally blown over by the takeoff rocket's exhaust.Conspiracists have managed to sustain public interest in their theories for more than 40 years, despite the rebuttals and third-party evidence. Opinion polls taken in various locations have shown that between 6% and 20% of Americans, 25% of Britons, and 28% of Russians surveyed believe that the manned landings were faked. Even as late as 2001, the Fox television network documentary Conspiracy Theory: Did We Land on the Moon? claimed NASA faked the first landing in 1969 to win the Space Race.