General circulation model | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-17

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_circulation_model


00:01:12 1 Terminology
00:02:04 2 History
00:03:19 3 Atmospheric and oceanic models
00:03:54 4 Trends
00:05:00 5 Structure
00:08:24 5.1 Grid
00:11:20 5.2 Flux buffering
00:12:35 5.3 Convection
00:13:25 5.4 Software
00:14:04 6 Projections
00:15:59 6.1 Emissions scenarios
00:17:56 6.2 Model accuracy
00:25:37 7 Relation to weather forecasting
00:27:33 8 Computations
00:29:48 9 Other climate models
00:29:58 9.1 Earth-system models of intermediate complexity (EMICs)
00:30:36 9.2 Radiative-convective models (RCM)
00:30:58 10 See also



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SUMMARY
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A general circulation model (GCM) is a type of climate model. It employs a mathematical model of the general circulation of a planetary atmosphere or ocean. It uses the Navier–Stokes equations on a rotating sphere with thermodynamic terms for various energy sources (radiation, latent heat). These equations are the basis for computer programs used to simulate the Earth's atmosphere or oceans. Atmospheric and oceanic GCMs (AGCM and OGCM) are key components along with sea ice and land-surface components.
GCMs and global climate models are used for weather forecasting, understanding the climate and forecasting climate change.
Versions designed for decade to century time scale climate applications were originally created by Syukuro Manabe and Kirk Bryan at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) in Princeton, New Jersey. These models are based on the integration of a variety of fluid dynamical, chemical and sometimes biological equations.