Hazard Evaluation techniques | NAFS Fire & Safety College | Fire Safety Training | industrial safety
Channel: NAFSMP
Date: 2020-12-07

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Hazard Evaluation techniques
What are the hazard identification techniques?
Examples of these are HAZOP, fault tree analysis, safety audit,
failure mode and effect analysis, CHAZOP, and task analysis.
These techniques are all popular for identifying hazards, though
are complex to perform to the appropriate standard, and have
been used for a long time.

What is hazard evaluation?
The hazard evaluation process will recognize
and evaluate chemical, physical and biological hazards within
the workplace to determine if proper controls are present and
control unacceptable exposures. .

What are the 3 classifications of hazards?
Hazard group – While not given a formal definition, GHS
divides hazards into three major groups – health, physical and
environmental. Class – Class is the term used to describe the
different types of hazards. For example, Gases under Pressure is
an example of a class in the physical hazards group.

Hierarchy of hazard control is a system used in industry to
minimize or eliminate exposure to hazards. It is a widely
accepted system promoted by numerous safety organizations.
This concept is taught to managers in industry, to be promoted
as standard practice in the workplace. Various illustrations are
used to depict this system, most commonly a triangle.

The hazard controls in the hierarchy are, in order of decreasing
effectiveness:

 Elimination
 Substitution
 Engineering controls
 Administrative controls
 Personal protective equipment

Components of the hierarchy
Elimination

Physical removal of the hazard is the most effective hazard
control. [5]  For example, if employees must work high above the
ground, the hazard can be eliminated by moving the piece they
are working on to ground level to eliminate the need to work at
heights. [3]
Substitution
Substitution, the second most effective hazard control, involves
replacing something that produces a hazard with something that
does not produce a hazard or produces a lesser hazard—for
example, replacing lead-based paint with titanium white. To be
an effective control, the new product must not

produce unintended consequences. Because airborne dust can be
hazardous, if a product can be purchased with a larger particle
size, the smaller product may effectively be substituted with the
larger product. [5]
Engineering controls
The third most effective means of controlling hazards is
engineered controls. These do not eliminate hazards, but rather
isolate people from hazards. Capital costs of engineered controls
tend to be higher than less effective controls in the hierarchy,
however they may reduce future costs. [6]  For example, a crew
might build a work platform rather than purchase, replace, and
maintain fall arrest equipment. & quot ;Enclosure and isolation & quot ; creates
a physical barrier between personnel and hazards, such as using
remotely controlled equipment. Fume hoods can remove
airborne contaminants as a means of engineered control. [5]
Administrative controls
Administrative controls are changes to the way people work.
Examples of administrative controls include procedure changes,
employee training, and installation of signs and warning labels
(such as those in the Workplace Hazardous Materials
Information System).Administrative controls do not remove
hazards, but limit or prevent people&#39;s exposure to the hazards,
such as completing road construction at night when fewer
people are driving.
Personal protective equipment
Personal protective equipment (PPE) includes gloves, Nomex
clothing, overalls, Tyvek suits, respirators, hard hats, safety
glasses, high-visibility clothing, and safety footwear. PPE is the
least effective means of controlling hazards because of the high

potential for damage to render PPE ineffective. [5]  Additionally,
some PPE, such as respirators, increase physiological effort to
complete a task and, therefore, may require medical
examinations to ensure workers can use the PPE without risking
their health.
Role in Prevention through Design
The hierarchy of controls is a core component of Prevention
through Design, the concept of applying methods to
minimize occupational hazards early in the design process.
Prevention through Design emphasizes addressing hazards at the
top of the hierarchy of controls (mainly through elimination and
substitution) at the earliest stages of project development.

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