Abiogenic petroleum origin | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 29/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenic_petroleum_origin


00:01:24 1 Overview hypotheses
00:03:19 2 History
00:06:35 3 State of current research
00:07:24 4 Foundations of abiogenic hypotheses
00:08:55 5 Recent investigation of abiogenic hypotheses
00:11:38 6 Proposed mechanisms of abiogenic petroleum
00:11:50 6.1 Primordial deposits
00:12:58 6.2 Creation within the mantle
00:13:41 6.3 Hydrogen generation
00:15:33 6.4 Serpentinite mechanism
00:19:29 6.4.1 Serpentinite synthesis
00:29:09 6.5 Spinel polymerization mechanism
00:31:44 6.6 Carbonate decomposition
00:33:13 6.7 Evidence of abiogenic mechanisms
00:34:23 7 Biotic (microbial) hydrocarbons
00:35:42 7.1 Microbial biomarkers
00:36:18 7.1.1 Isotopic evidence
00:38:26 7.2 Biomarker chemicals
00:39:26 7.3 Trace metals
00:39:37 7.4 Reduced carbon
00:41:01 8 Empirical evidence
00:42:11 8.1 Lost City hydrothermal vent field
00:44:39 8.2 Siljan Ring crater
00:46:04 8.3 Bacterial mats
00:46:51 8.4 Example proposed abiogenic methane deposits
00:49:06 9 Geological arguments
00:49:32 9.1 Incidental arguments for abiogenic oil
00:51:39 9.2 Incidental arguments against abiogenic oil
00:51:50 10 Extraterrestrial argument
00:53:39 11 See also
00:56:14 12 References
00:57:23 13 Bibliography



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SUMMARY
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Abiogenic petroleum origin is a term used to describe a number of different hypotheses which propose that petroleum and natural gas are formed by inorganic means rather than by the decomposition of organisms. The two principal abiogenic petroleum hypotheses, proposing that all petroleum is abiogenic, the deep gas hypothesis of Thomas Gold and the deep abiotic petroleum hypothesis, have been scientifically reviewed and largely rejected.Earlier studies of mantle-derived rocks from many places have shown that hydrocarbons from the mantle region can be found widely around the globe. However, the content of such hydrocarbons in such rocks are extremely low and seem to lack accumulation in concentrations that would render them feasible for exploitation. Scientific consensus on the origin of oil and gas is that all natural oil and gas deposits on Earth are fossil fuels and are, therefore, biogenic. Globally significant amounts of abiotic oil in the crust can even be ruled out. Yet, abiogenesis of small quantities of oil and gas remains an area of ongoing research in limited, mostly just laboratory scale.