Women in computing | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-13

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_computing


00:01:46 1 History
00:01:55 1.1 1700s
00:02:47 1.2 1800s
00:06:39 1.3 1910s
00:07:32 1.4 1920s
00:09:09 1.5 1930s
00:09:33 1.6 1940s
00:16:06 1.7 1950s
00:19:13 1.8 1960s
00:23:54 1.9 1970s
00:27:36 1.10 1980s
00:33:08 1.11 1990s
00:38:08 1.12 2000s
00:39:23 1.13 2010s
00:40:56 2 Gender gap in computing
00:43:54 3 Turing Award recipients
00:44:33 4 Karen Spärk Jones Award recipients
00:45:24 5 Organizations
00:47:40 6 See also



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SUMMARY
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Women in computing have shaped the evolution of information technology. They were among the first programmers in the early-20th century, and contributed substantially to the industry. As technology and practices altered, the role of women as programmers has changed, and the recorded history of the field has downplayed their achievements.
Since the 18th century, women have developed scientific computations, including Nicole-Reine Lepaute's prediction of Halley's Comet, and Maria Mitchell's computation of the motion of Venus. The first algorithm intended to be executed by a computer was designed by Ada Lovelace who was a pioneer in the field. Grace Hopper was the first person to design a compiler for a programming language. Throughout the 19th and early-20th century, and up to World War II, programming was predominantly done by women; significant examples include the Harvard Computers, codebreaking at Bletchley Park and engineering at NASA.
After the 1960s, the "soft work" that had been dominated by women evolved into modern software, and the importance of women decreased. The gender disparity and the lack of women in computing from the late 20th century onward has been examined, but no firm explanations have been established. Nevertheless, many women continued to make significant and important contributions to the IT industry, and attempts were made to readdress the gender disparity in the industry. In the 21st century, women held leadership roles in multiple tech companies, such as Meg Whitman, president and chief executive officer of Hewlett Packard Enterprise, and Marissa Mayer, president and CEO of Yahoo! and key spokesperson at Google.