Urine | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 10/05/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine


00:01:42 1 Physiology
00:02:54 1.1 Duration
00:03:27 2 Characteristics
00:03:37 2.1 Quantity
00:04:20 2.2 Constituents
00:05:54 2.3 Color
00:08:35 2.4 Odor
00:09:58 2.5 Turbidity
00:10:19 2.6 pH
00:11:40 2.7 Density
00:12:03 2.8 Hazards
00:12:32 2.9 Bacteria and pathogens
00:13:07 3 Examination for medical purposes
00:15:13 4 Uses
00:15:22 4.1 Source of medications
00:16:39 4.2 Fertilizer
00:19:12 4.3 Cleaning
00:19:45 4.4 Gunpowder
00:20:27 4.5 Survival uses
00:22:42 4.6 Textiles
00:23:12 5 History
00:24:32 6 Society and culture
00:24:42 6.1 Language
00:26:03 7 See also



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SUMMARY
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Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many animals. Urine flows from the kidneys through the ureters to the urinary bladder. Urination results in urine being excreted from the body through the urethra.
The cellular metabolism generates many by-products which are rich in nitrogen and must be cleared from the bloodstream, such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine. These by-products are expelled from the body during urination, which is the primary method for excreting water-soluble chemicals from the body. A urinalysis can detect nitrogenous wastes of the mammalian body.
Urine has a role in the earth's nitrogen cycle. In balanced ecosystems urine fertilizes the soil and thus helps plants to grow. Therefore, urine can be used as a fertilizer. Some animals use it to mark their territories. Historically, aged or fermented urine (known as lant) was also used for gunpowder production, household cleaning, tanning of leather and dyeing of textiles. 
Human urine and feces are collectively referred to as human waste or human excreta, and are managed with a sanitation system. Livestock urine and feces also require proper management if the livestock population density is high.