Russian phonology | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Russian phonology


00:01:11 1 Vowels
00:03:06 1.1 Allophony
00:03:53 1.1.1 Front vowels
00:05:51 1.1.2 Back vowels
00:06:36 1.1.3 Unstressed vowels
00:08:53 1.1.3.1 Vowel mergers
00:12:29 1.1.3.2 Other changes
00:13:41 1.1.3.3 Phonemic analysis
00:15:19 1.2 Diphthongs
00:16:16 2 Consonants
00:23:46 3 Phonological processes
00:23:56 3.1 Final devoicing
00:24:22 3.2 Voicing
00:26:20 3.3 Palatalization
00:27:26 3.3.1 Assimilative palatalization
00:29:40 3.4 Consonant clusters
00:33:52 3.5 Supplementary notes
00:36:13 4 See also



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SUMMARY
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This article discusses the phonological system of standard Russian based on the Moscow dialect (unless otherwise noted). For an overview of dialects in the Russian language, see Russian dialects. Most descriptions of Russian describe it as having five vowel phonemes, though there is some dispute over whether a sixth vowel, /ɨ/, is separate from /i/.  Russian has 34 consonants, which can be divided into two sets:

hard (твёрдый [ˈtvʲɵrdɨj] ) or plain
soft (мягкий [ˈmʲæxʲkʲɪj]) or palatalizedRussian also distinguishes hard consonants from soft (palatalized) consonants and from a soft consonant followed by /j/ or a hard consonant followed by /j/ (though the last is uncommon: /C Cʲ Cʲj Cj/), and preserves palatalized consonants that are followed by another consonant more often than other Slavic languages do. Like Polish, it has both hard postalveolars (/ʂ ʐ/) and soft ones (/t͡ɕ ɕː ʑː/).
Russian has vowel reduction in unstressed syllables. This feature applies in Slavic languages like Belarusian, Ukrainian and Bulgarian, and is also found in English, but not in western Slavic languages, such as Polish and Czech.