Mass spectrometer | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-03-26

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_spectrometry


00:02:02 1 History
00:06:00 2 Parts of a mass spectrometer
00:07:17 2.1 Theoretical example
00:09:02 3 Creating ions
00:09:35 3.1 Hard ionization and soft ionization
00:11:01 3.2 Inductively coupled plasma
00:13:42 3.3 Photoionization mass spectrometry
00:14:51 3.4 Other ionization techniques
00:15:49 4 Mass selection
00:16:29 4.1 Sector instruments
00:21:01 4.2 Time-of-flight
00:21:51 4.3 Quadrupole mass filter
00:23:13 4.4 Ion traps
00:25:46 4.4.1 Three-dimensional quadrupole ion trap
00:25:55 4.4.2 Cylindrical ion trap
00:27:45 4.4.3 Linear quadrupole ion trap
00:28:28 4.4.4 Orbitrap
00:30:18 4.5 Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance
00:31:26 5 Detectors
00:33:17 6 Tandem mass spectrometry
00:34:55 7 Common mass spectrometer configurations and techniques
00:38:10 8 Separation techniques combined with mass spectrometry
00:39:46 8.1 Gas chromatography
00:40:13 8.2 Liquid chromatography
00:41:09 8.3 Capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry
00:42:15 8.4 Ion mobility
00:42:47 9 Data and analysis
00:44:05 9.1 Data representations
00:44:16 9.2 Data analysis
00:45:20 9.2.1 Interpretation of mass spectra
00:48:17 10 Applications
00:50:49 10.1 Isotope ratio MS: isotope dating and tracing
00:52:46 10.1.1 Membrane-Inlet Mass Spectrometry: Measuring gasses in solution
00:54:39 10.2 Trace gas analysis
00:55:19 10.3 Atom probe
00:56:07 10.4 Pharmacokinetics
00:56:30 10.5 Protein characterization
00:58:17 10.6 Space exploration
01:00:32 10.7 Respired gas monitor
01:02:17 10.8 Preparative mass spectrometry
01:03:52 11 See also



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SUMMARY
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Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that ionizes chemical species and sorts the ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio. In simpler terms, a mass spectrum measures the masses within a sample. Mass spectrometry is used in many different fields and is applied to pure samples as well as complex mixtures.
A mass spectrum is a plot of the ion signal as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio. These spectra are used to determine the elemental or isotopic signature of a sample, the masses of particles and of molecules, and to elucidate the chemical structures of molecules and other chemical compounds.
In a typical MS procedure, a sample, which may be solid, liquid, or gas, is ionized, for example by bombarding it with electrons. This may cause some of the sample's molecules to break into charged fragments. These ions are then separated according to their mass-to-charge ratio, typically by accelerating them and subjecting them to an electric or magnetic field: ions of the same mass-to-charge ratio will undergo the same amount of deflection. The ions are detected by a mechanism capable of detecting charged particles, such as an electron multiplier. Results are displayed as spectra of the relative abundance of detected ions as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio. The atoms or molecules in the sample can be identified by correlating known masses (e.g. an entire molecule) to the identified masses or through a characteristic fragmentation pattern.