Scallop | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scallop


00:02:12 1 Biology
00:02:21 1.1 Distribution and habitat
00:03:13 1.2 Anatomy and physiology
00:03:35 1.2.1 Orientation
00:04:36 1.2.2 Valves
00:06:35 1.2.3 Muscular system
00:07:15 1.2.4 Eyes
00:08:29 1.2.5 Digestive system
00:09:17 1.2.6 Nervous system
00:11:10 1.2.7 Reproduction
00:12:16 1.2.8 Locomotion
00:14:42 1.2.9 Mobility and behavior
00:17:16 1.2.10 Pearls
00:17:47 1.2.11 Mutualism
00:19:04 1.2.12 Lifecycle and growth
00:20:43 1.3 Taxonomy and phylogeny
00:20:53 1.3.1 Etymology
00:21:15 1.3.2 Phylogeny
00:22:30 1.3.3 Taxonomic structure
00:26:26 1.3.4 List of subfamilies and genera
00:30:37 2 Human interaction
00:30:46 2.1 Seafood industry
00:30:56 2.1.1 Aquaculture
00:31:04 2.1.2 Wild fisheries
00:31:59 2.1.3 Sustainability
00:33:47 2.2 As food
00:35:39 2.3 Symbolism of the shell
00:35:49 2.3.1 Shell of Saint James
00:37:28 2.3.2 Shell of Saint Augustine
00:38:23 2.3.3 Badge
00:39:29 2.3.4 Fertility symbol
00:40:23 2.3.5 Other interpretations
00:41:04 2.3.6 Modern art



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SUMMARY
=======
Scallop () is a common name that is primarily applied to any one of numerous species of saltwater clams or marine bivalve mollusks in the taxonomic family Pectinidae, the scallops. However, the common name "scallop" is also sometimes applied to species in other closely related families within the superfamily Pectinoidea, which also includes the thorny oysters.
Scallops are a cosmopolitan family of bivalves which are found in all of the world's oceans, although never in fresh water. They are one of very few groups of bivalves to be primarily "free-living", with many species capable of rapidly swimming short distances and even of migrating some distance across the ocean floor. A small minority of scallop species live cemented to rocky substrates as adults, while others attach themselves to stationary or rooted objects such as sea grass at some point in their lives by means of a filament they secrete called a byssal thread. The majority of species, however, live recumbent on sandy substrates, and when they sense the presence of a predator such as a starfish, they may attempt to escape by swimming swiftly but erratically through the water using jet propulsion created by repeatedly clapping their shells together. Scallops have a well-developed nervous system, and unlike most other bivalves all scallops have a ring of numerous simple eyes situated around the edge of their mantles.
Many species of scallops are highly prized as a food source, and some are farmed as aquaculture. The word "scallop" is also applied to the meat of these bivalves, the adductor muscle, that is sold as seafood. The brightly coloured, symmetrical, fan-shaped shells of scallops with their radiating and often fluted ornamentation are valued by shell collectors, and have been used since ancient times as motifs in art, architecture, and design.
Owing to their widespread distribution, scallop shells are a common sight on beaches and are often brightly coloured, making them a popular object to collect among beachcombers and vacationers.  The shells also have a significant place in popular culture, including symbolism.