Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 22/06/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survival,_Evasion,_Resistance_and_Escape


00:05:34 1 Navy SERE (West) Uniform patch
00:06:22 2 Curriculum
00:06:42 2.1 Survival and evasion
00:07:26 2.2 Resistance and escape
00:07:46 2.3 Water survival
00:08:24 2.4 Code of conduct
00:10:23 3 Levels
00:11:29 4 Service schools
00:11:38 4.1 Army
00:12:45 4.2 Navy/Marine Corps
00:14:52 4.3 Air Force
00:19:52 5 Origin of SERE techniques
00:21:32 6 Controversies
00:21:41 6.1 1995 U.S. Air Force Academy scandal
00:24:19 6.2 Use of techniques in interrogation
00:27:48 6.2.1 Senate Intelligence Committee report on CIA torture
00:29:33 7 See also



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SUMMARY
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Survival, Evasion, Resistance, and Escape (SERE) is a program, best known by its military acronym, that provides U.S. military personnel, U.S. Department of Defense civilians, and private military contractors with training in evading capture, survival skills, and the military code of conduct. Established by the U.S. Air Force at the end of World War II, it was extended and consolidated during the Vietnam War (1959–1975) to the U.S. Marine Corps, and U.S. Navy and in the late 1980s to the U.S. Army. Most higher level SERE students are military aircrew and special operations personnel considered to be at high risk of capture.
Based on the experiences of the British and American pilots who managed to escape from and evade the Germans during World War II, and return to friendly lines, several private "clubs" were created during World War II. One such club was the "Late Arrivals' Club". This club, which had a "Flying Boot" as its identifying symbol, was strictly non-military. However, under the left collar of his uniform, the individual who had successfully escaped and/or evaded the enemy pinned the "Flying Boot" and although everyone knew it was not official, they did not question it being worn. 
However the origins of what we now call SERE are firmly rooted in the leadership of Britain’s MI9 Evasion and Escape organisation, formed in February 1939 at the onset of WW2. Led by WW1 veteran Colonel (later Brigadier) Norman Crockatt, MI9 were formed to train air crew and Special Forces in evading enemy troops following bale out, forced landings or becoming cut off behind enemy lines. A training school was established in London, and Officers and instructors from MI9 also began visiting operational air bases, providing local training to air crews unable to be detached from their duties to attend formal courses.
MI9 went on to devise a multitude of evasion and escape tools. Overt items to aid immediate evasion after baling out, followed by Covert items (concealed compasses, silk and tissue maps etc.) hidden in uniforms and personal items for use to aid escape following capture.
Once the United States entered the war in 1941, MI9 travelled to Washington to discuss their now mature E&E training, devices and proven results with USAAF. As a result, the United States stood up their own Evasion and Escape organisation, known as MIS-X, based at Fort Hunt, Virginia.
Under the direction of Air Force General Curtis LeMay it was realized that it was much cheaper and more effective to train aircrews in Survival, Evasion, Resistance, and Escape techniques, than to have them languishing in enemy hands. He was responsible for SERE training at several bases/locations. In 1943, LeMay directed the establishment of a small program for Cold Weather Survival at RCAF Station Namao (formerly called Blatchford Field) in Alberta, Canada (There was a USAAF B29 unit assigned there and they attended Survival Training there with the British and Canadian Forces). In 1945 it was moved to Camp Carson, Colorado, and in 1948 at Marks Air Base, Nome, Alaska. The first instructors of the consolidated school were composed of experienced wilderness  ...