Gamete | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamete


00:01:43 1 Dissimilarity
00:02:24 2 Sex determination in humans and birds
00:03:23 3 Artificial gametes
00:04:40 4 Plants
00:05:36 5 Notes and references



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Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-D


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SUMMARY
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A gamete (; from Ancient Greek γαμετή gamete from gamein "to marry") is a haploid cell that fuses  with another haploid cell during fertilization in organisms that sexually reproduce. In species that produce two morphologically distinct types of gametes, and in which each individual produces only one type, a female is any individual that produces the larger type of gamete—called an ovum— and a male produces the smaller tadpole-like type—called a sperm. In short a gamete is an egg cell (female gamete) or a sperm (male gamete). This is an example of anisogamy or heterogamy, the condition in which females and males produce gametes of different sizes (this is the case in humans; the human ovum has approximately 100,000 times the volume of a single human sperm cell). In contrast, isogamy is the state of gametes from both sexes being the same size and shape, and given arbitrary designators for mating type. The name gamete was introduced by the Austrian biologist Gregor Mendel. Gametes carry half the genetic information of an individual, one ploidy of each type, and are created through meiosis.
Oogenesis is the process of female gamete formation in animals. This process involves meiosis (including meiotic recombination) occurring in the diploid primary oocyte to produce the haploid ovum.  Spermatogenesis is the process of male gamete formation in animals.  This process also involves meiosis occurring in the diploid primary spermatocyte to produce the haploid spermatozoon.