Biosonar | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-06

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_echolocation


00:01:07 1 Early research
00:03:09 2 Principle
00:05:01 3 Bats
00:09:21 3.1 Calls and ecology
00:10:24 3.2 Acoustic features
00:10:55 3.2.1 Frequency
00:11:49 3.2.2 Frequency modulation and constant frequency
00:12:39 3.2.3 Intensity
00:13:54 3.2.4 Harmonic composition
00:14:27 3.2.5 Call duration
00:15:24 3.2.6 Pulse interval
00:17:10 3.2.7 FM signal advantages
00:18:45 3.2.8 CF signal advantages
00:20:24 3.2.9 Acoustic environments of FM and CF signals
00:23:04 3.3 Neural mechanisms
00:23:42 3.4 Inner ear and primary sensory neurons
00:26:34 3.5 Inferior colliculus
00:28:36 3.6 Auditory cortex
00:34:05 4 Toothed whales
00:44:24 5 Oilbirds and swiftlets
00:44:55 6 Shrews, tenrecs and rats
00:46:07 7 Echolocation jamming
00:46:53 8 Avoidance by prey animals
00:47:26 9 See also



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SUMMARY
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Echolocation, also called bio sonar, is the biological sonar used by several species of animal.
Echolocating animals emit calls out to the environment 
and listen to the echoes of those calls that return from various objects near them. They use these echoes to locate and identify the objects. Echolocation is used for navigation and for foraging (or hunting) in various environments.
Echolocating animals include some mammals and a few birds; most notably microchiropteran bats and odontocetes (toothed whales and dolphins), but also in simpler form in other groups such as shrews, one genus of megachiropteran bats (Rousettus) and two cave dwelling bird groups, the so-called cave swiftlets in the genus Aerodramus (formerly Collocalia) and the unrelated Oilbird Steatornis caripensis.