Fibre Optic Cables - How are fiber optic cables joined?
Channel: NM Cabling Solutions
Date: 2021-07-14

Joining Fibre Optic Cables. How are fiber optic cables joined?
 -  Fiber Optic Cable Splicing Explained
Fiber optic splicing is generally the way to connect two fiber optic cables. This is for new terminations or extending and joining cables. Splicing is also designed to restore fiber optic cables when they accidentally break. In this instance, the broken cable is “spliced” back together.
This is a preferred solution when the available fiber optic cable is conveniently accessible. 
Fiber optic splicing is extensively used in telecommunications, LAN (local area network), and networking projects.
In general, fiber optic splices can be performed in two ways: fusion splices and mechanical splices.
How are fiber optic cables joined? 
– Fusion Splicing Method
Fusion splicing is the stable bond of two or more optical fibers by welding together with an electronic arc. It is the most widely used method of terminating as it provides the least signal loss and the least reflection. In addition, it is the strongest and most reliable joint between the two fibers. There are four basic steps in the fusion process.
Step 1
The process of splicing starts with the preparation of both fibers. Here you need to take off the protective coating, jackets, tubes, strength members. In summary, leaving the bare fibers exposed. It is noted that the cables must be spotless. Alcohol wipes are used to clean the exposed glass fibre tubes
Step 2
A good fiber cleaver is essential for a successful fusion termination. The cleaver simply nicks the fiber and then causes a clean break instead of cutting the fiber. The end face of the break should be perfectly flat and on the fiber axis.
Step 3
When fusing a fiber, there are two main steps: alignment and melting. First, align the fiber ends inside the fiber optic splicer. Once properly aligned, the two fibers are permanently welded together using an electric arc to melt the fibers. This then creates a new continuous fibre core
Step 4
A classic fusion splice has a tensile strength of between 0.5 and 1.5 pounds and is difficult to break through usual handling. However, it still needs protection from excessive bending and pulling forces. 
Features of Fusion Splicers
To separate the fibers that maintain polarization, it is also necessary to rotate the fiber of one of them around its axis.
Some suppliers make adjustments based on straight camera image and/or optical power throttle monitoring. The latter must have a light source connected to the fiber end, and the other must have a photodetector.
Although some fusion suppliers specialize in standard telecom fibers, others can be used for a wide range of fibers. For example, with small or large cladding diameters. For example, there are fusion techniques based on swing electrodes that are suitable for large cladding fibers.
A microscope permits the examination of fiber removal quality and position. Often, the view is a look between two orthogonal directions. Fiber cores can also be seen in general.
How are fiber optic cables joined? – Mechanical Splicing Method
Mechanical splicing is an optical connection where the fibers are exactly associated and held by a self-assembled assembly, not a permanent bond. This method aligns the ends of both fibers in a common centerline. There are four basic steps in the mechanical splicing process
Step 1
Fiber preparation is practically the same as fusion splicing. Simply remove protective coatings, jackets, tubes, and power members. So we can see the bare fiber. Then make sure the fiber is clean.
Step 2
The process is similar to cleaving fusion splicing. It is important to get a cut on the fiber at right angles to the axis.
Step 3
At this stage, we do not use the heating system as an infusion splice. We easily connect the fiber ends inside the mechanical splicing unit. Index matching gel inside the mechanical splice apparatus is helpful because it can connect light from one end of the fiber to the other.
Step 4
Once the fibers are connected, we put them in a smooth tray and then put them in a seal. Outside plant shutdown does not require the use of heat. We carefully seal the shrink tubes to prevent 
Why is it important to use a fiber optic tester in the process of fiber splicing application?


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