Hypertension | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-23

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertension


00:03:29 1 Signs and symptoms
00:04:43 1.1 Secondary hypertension
00:06:08 1.2 Hypertensive crisis
00:07:32 1.3 Pregnancy
00:09:28 1.4 Children
00:10:02 2 Causes
00:10:11 2.1 Primary hypertension
00:13:18 2.2 Secondary hypertension
00:14:39 3 Pathophysiology
00:18:12 4 Diagnosis
00:18:55 4.1 Measurement technique
00:22:17 4.2 Other investigations
00:24:58 4.3 Classification in adults
00:27:57 4.4 Hypertension in children
00:30:31 5 Prevention
00:32:24 6 Management
00:32:55 6.1 Target blood pressure
00:35:26 6.2 Lifestyle modifications
00:37:50 6.3 Medications
00:39:22 6.4 Resistant hypertension
00:40:15 7 Epidemiology
00:40:25 7.1 Adults
00:42:40 7.2 Children
00:43:20 8 Outcomes
00:44:09 9 History
00:44:17 9.1 Measurement
00:45:26 9.2 Identification
00:46:43 9.3 Treatment
00:49:12 10 Society and culture
00:49:22 10.1 Awareness
00:51:15 10.2 Economics
00:52:51 11 Research
00:53:53 12 Other animals
00:54:02 12.1 Cats
00:54:24 12.2 Dogs



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SUMMARY
=======
Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. High blood pressure typically does not cause symptoms. Long-term high blood pressure, however, is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral vascular disease, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, and dementia.High blood pressure is classified as either primary (essential) high blood pressure or secondary high blood pressure. About 90–95% of cases are primary, defined as high blood pressure due to nonspecific lifestyle and genetic factors. Lifestyle factors that increase the risk include excess salt in the diet, excess body weight, smoking, and alcohol use. The remaining 5–10% of cases are categorized as secondary high blood pressure, defined as high blood pressure due to an identifiable cause, such as chronic kidney disease, narrowing of the kidney arteries, an endocrine disorder, or the use of birth control pills.Blood pressure is expressed by two measurements, the systolic and diastolic pressures, which are the maximum and minimum pressures, respectively. For most adults, normal blood pressure at rest is within the range of 100–130 millimeters mercury (mmHg) systolic and 60–80 mmHg diastolic. For most adults, high blood pressure is present if the resting blood pressure is persistently at or above 130/80 or 140/90 mmHg. Different numbers apply to children. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring over a 24-hour period appears more accurate than office-based blood pressure measurement.Lifestyle changes and medications can lower blood pressure and decrease the risk of health complications. Lifestyle changes include weight loss, physical exercise, decreased salt intake, reducing alcohol intake, and a healthy diet. If lifestyle changes are not sufficient then blood pressure medications are used. Up to three medications can control blood pressure in 90% of people. The treatment of moderately high arterial blood pressure (defined as 160/100 mmHg) with medications is associated with an improved life expectancy. The effect of treatment of blood pressure between 130/80 mmHg and 160/100 mmHg is less clear, with some reviews finding benefit and others finding unclear benefit. High blood pressure affects between 16 and 37% of the population globally. In 2010 hypertension was believed to have been a factor in 18% of all deaths (9.4 million globally).