Albanian nationalism | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-18

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Albanian nationalism


00:02:30 1 History
00:02:39 1.1 Background
00:04:40 1.2 Eastern Crisis and Albanian National Awakening
00:08:44 1.3 Skanderbeg
00:10:35 1.4 Western influences and origin theories
00:14:43 1.5 Geopolitical consequences and legacy
00:19:16 2 Independence and Interwar period
00:26:49 3 World War Two
00:32:16 4 Albanian Nationalism during the People's Republic of Albania (1945–1991)
00:34:34 4.1 Origin theories during communism
00:36:16 4.2 Nationalism and religion
00:37:58 4.3 Name changes
00:39:30 5 Within Yugoslavia (Kosovo and Macedonia)
00:44:26 5.1 Dissidence and rise of nationalism
00:46:24 5.2 Late 1980s and early 1990s
00:48:45 5.3 Kosovo conflict (1990s) and Kosovan independence (2000s)
00:50:26 6 Contemporary Albanian Nationalism in the Balkans
00:50:38 6.1 Albania
00:52:43 6.1.1 Influence of origin theories in contemporary society and politics
00:55:33 6.2 Kosovo and Republic of Macedonia
01:03:55 7 Pan Albanianism and Albanian politics in the Balkans



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SUMMARY
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Albanian nationalism is a general grouping of nationalist ideas and concepts generated by ethnic Albanians that were first formed in the 19th century during the Albanian National Awakening (Albanian: Rilindja). Albanian nationalism is also associated with similar concepts, such as Albanianism (Shqiptaria or Shqiptarizmi) and Pan-Albanianism, (Panshqiptarizmi) that includes ideas on the creation of a geographically expanded Albanian state or a Greater Albania encompassing adjacent Balkan lands with substantial Albanian populations.
During the late Ottoman period Albanians were mainly Muslims with close ties to the Ottoman Empire. The lack of previous Albanian statehood to draw upon resulted in Albanian nationalism developing later unlike neighbouring nationalisms of the Serbs and Greeks. The onset of the Eastern crisis (1870s) that threatened partition of Balkan Albanian inhabited lands by neighbouring Orthodox Christian states stimulated the emergence of the Rilindja period and nationalist movement. During the 19th century, some Western scholarly influences, Albanian diasporas such as the Arbëresh and  Albanian National Awakening figures contributed greatly to spreading influences and ideas among Balkan Albanians within the context of Albanian self-determination. Among those were ideas of an Illyrian contribution to Albanian ethnogenesis which still dominate Albanian nationalism in contemporary times and other ancient peoples claimed as ancestors, in particular the Pelasgians which have been claimed again in recent times.Due to overlapping and competing territorial claims with other Balkan nationalisms and states over land dating from the late Ottoman period, these ideas comprise a national myth that aim to establish precedence over neighboring peoples (Slavs and Greeks) and allow movements for independence and self-determination, as well as irredentist claims against neighboring countries. Pan-Albanian sentiments are also present and historically have been achieved only once when part of Kosovo and western Macedonia was united by Axis Italian forces to their protectorate of Albania during the Second World War. Albanian nationalism contains a series of myths relating to Albanian origins, cultural purity and national homogeneity, religious indifference as the basis of Albanian national identity, and continuing national struggles. The figure of Skanderbeg is one of the main constitutive myths of Albanian nationalism that is based on a person, as other myths are based on ideas, abstract concepts, and collectivism.