American entry into World War I | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-16

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_entry_into_World_War_I


00:03:16 1 Main issues
00:03:26 1.1 Naval blockade
00:04:57 1.1.1 The strategy behind the blockade
00:10:38 1.2 Business considerations
00:17:07 1.3 Views of the elites
00:20:56 2 Public opinion
00:21:42 2.1 Parties
00:23:29 2.2 Workers, farmers, and African Americans
00:25:57 2.3 South
00:27:11 2.4 German Americans
00:29:08 2.5 Christian churches and pacifists
00:31:34 2.6 Jewish Americans
00:33:20 2.7 Irish-Americans
00:36:33 2.8 Pro-Allied immigrants
00:38:12 2.9 Popular pacifism
00:39:30 2.10 German agents
00:41:06 3 Preparedness movement
00:55:35 3.1 Size of the military
00:57:14 3.2 Navy
01:01:09 4 Decision for war
01:01:49 4.1 Decision making
01:04:03 4.2 Zimmermann Telegram
01:05:40 4.3 Sinking of American merchant ships
01:06:26 5 Public opinion, moralism, and national interest
01:12:53 6 Declaration of war
01:13:03 6.1 Germany
01:15:45 6.2 Austria-Hungary
01:17:08 7 See also
01:17:33 8 Footnotes
01:17:42 9 Bibliography
01:17:52 9.1 Historiography
01:18:41 10 Primary sources



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SUMMARY
=======
The American entry into World War I came in April 1917, after more than two and a half years of efforts by President Woodrow Wilson to keep the United States out of the war.
Apart from an Anglophile element urging early support for the British, American public opinion reflected that of the president: the sentiment for neutrality was particularly strong among Irish Americans, German Americans, and Scandinavian Americans, as well as among church leaders and among women in general. On the other hand, even before World War I had broken out, American opinion had been more negative toward Germany than towards any other country in Europe. Over time, especially after reports of atrocities in Belgium in 1914 and following the sinking of the passenger liner RMS Lusitania in 1915, American citizens increasingly came to see Germany as the aggressor in Europe.
Wilson, as president, made virtually all the key decisions over foreign policy. While the country was at peace American banks made huge loans to Britain and France, which were used mainly to buy munitions, raw materials, and food from across the Atlantic.  Until 1917, Wilson made minimal preparations for a land war and kept the United States Army on a small peacetime footing, despite increasing demands for enhanced preparedness. He did, however, expand the United States Navy.
In 1917, with Russia experiencing political upheaval, and with Britain and France low on credit, Germany appeared to have the upper hand in Europe, while the Ottoman Empire, Germany's ally, held on to its territory in modern-day Iraq, Syria and Israel. At this point Germany decided to resume unrestricted submarine warfare. Its goal was to starve Britain into surrender, although it realized that this would almost certainly bring the United States into the war. Germany also made a secret offer to help Mexico regain territories lost in the Mexican–American War in an encoded telegram known as the Zimmermann Telegram, which was intercepted by British intelligence. Publication of that communique outraged Americans just as German U-boats started sinking American merchant ships in the North Atlantic. Wilson then asked Congress for "a war to end all wars" that would "make the world safe for democracy", and Congress voted to declare war on Germany on April 6, 1917.On December 7, 1917, the U.S. declared war on Austria-Hungary.U.S. troops began arriving on the Western Front in large numbers in 1918.