Hipparchus
Channel: Ananas Science
Date: 2017-02-24

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Hipparchus of Nicaea was a Greek astronomer, geographer, and mathematician. He is considered the founder of trigonometry but is most famous for his incidental discovery of precession of the equinoxes. Hipparchus was born in Nicaea, Bithynia (now Iznik, Turkey), and probably died on the island of Rhodes. He is known to have been a working astronomer at least from 162 to 127. Hipparchus is considered the greatest ancient astronomical observer and, by some, the greatest overall astronomer of antiquity. He was the first whose quantitative and accurate models for the motion of the Sun and Moon survive. For this he certainly made use of the observations and perhaps the mathematical techniques accumulated over centuries by the Babylonians and other people from Mesopotamia. He developed trigonometry and constructed trigonometric tables, and he solved several problems of spherical trigonometry. With his solar and lunar theories and his trigonometry, he may have been the first to develop a reliable method to predict solar eclipses. His other reputed achievements include the discovery and measurement of Earth's precession, the compilation of the first comprehensive star catalog of the western world, and possibly the invention of the astrolabe, also of the armillary sphere, which he used during the creation of much of the star catalogue.

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
0.  Introduction (00:00:00)
1.  Life and work (00:01:24)
............1.1.  Modern speculation (00:04:29)
2.  Babylonian sources (00:05:58)
3.  Geometry, trigonometry, and other mathematical techniques (00:09:56)
4.  Lunar and solar theory (00:14:49)
............4.1.  Motion of the Moon (00:14:51)
............4.2.  Orbit of the Moon (00:18:01)
............4.3.  Apparent motion of the Sun (00:21:44)
............4.4.  Orbit of the Sun (00:29:36)
............4.5.  Distance, parallax, size of the Moon and the Sun (00:31:33)
............4.6.  Eclipses (00:38:43)
5.  Astronomical instruments and astrometry (00:41:14)
6.  Star catalog (00:44:29)
............6.1.  Stellar magnitude (00:48:22)
7.  Precession of the equinoxes (146–127) (00:48:55)
8.  Geography (00:49:58)
9.  Legacy (00:52:09)
10.  Monument (00:52:31)

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipparchus
Date: 02/23/2017

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