Verifiability (science) | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-05

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsifiability


00:01:28 1 Overview
00:11:19 2 Definition
00:11:53 2.1 Different types of statements
00:16:16 2.2 Methodological rules and falsifying hypotheses
00:18:15 3 Naïve falsification
00:21:55 4 Falsificationism
00:24:22 5 Criterion of demarcation
00:25:53 5.1 Verificationism
00:27:36 5.2 Use in courts of law
00:28:24 5.2.1 The McLean v. Arkansas case
00:29:59 5.2.2 The Daubert case
00:32:50 6 Unfalsifiable statistics/double evidence standards combo
00:35:55 7 Criticisms
00:36:05 7.1 Contemporary philosophers
00:38:18 7.2 Kuhn and Lakatos
00:40:19 7.3 Feyerabend
00:41:28 7.4 Sokal and Bricmont
00:43:55 8 Controversies
00:44:05 8.1 Economics
00:44:59 8.2 Evolution
00:45:56 8.3 Young-earth creationism
00:46:47 8.4 Historicism
00:48:13 8.5 Mathematics
00:49:18 9 Quotations
00:49:58 10 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
A statement, hypothesis, or theory has falsifiability (or is  falsifiable) if it is contradicted by a basic statement, which, in an eventual successful or failed falsification, must respectively correspond to a true or hypothetical observation. For example, the claim "all swans are white and have always been white" is falsifiable since it is contradicted by this basic statement: "In 1697, during the Dutch explorer Willem de Vlamingh expedition, there were black swans on the shore of the Swan River in Australia", which in this case is a true observation. The concept is also known by the terms refutable and refutability.
The concept was introduced by the philosopher of science Karl Popper.   He saw falsifiability as the logical part and the cornerstone of his scientific epistemology, which sets the limits of scientific inquiry.  He proposed that statements and theories that are not falsifiable are unscientific.  Declaring an unfalsifiable theory to be scientific would then be pseudoscience.