Stanley Kubrick | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick


00:03:58 1 Early life
00:08:46 2 Photographic career
00:12:44 3 Film career
00:12:53 3.1 Short films (1951–1953)
00:17:24 3.2 Early feature work (1953–1955)
00:22:02 3.3 Hollywood success and beyond (1956–1962)
00:31:52 3.4 Collaboration with Peter Sellers (1962–1964)
00:35:52 3.5 Ground-breaking cinema (1965–1971)
00:43:54 3.6 Period and horror filming (1972–1980)
00:51:02 3.7 Later work and final years (1981–1999)
00:56:24 3.8 iA.I. Artificial Intelligence/i and unrealized projects
00:56:33 3.8.1 iA.I. Artificial Intelligence/i
00:58:47 3.8.2 Napoleon
01:01:56 3.8.3 Other projects
01:04:21 4 Career influences
01:08:26 5 Directing techniques
01:08:36 5.1 Philosophy
01:13:36 5.2 Writing and staging scenes
01:16:47 5.3 Directing
01:20:46 5.4 Cinematography
01:24:39 5.5 Editing and music
01:29:04 6 Personal life
01:34:52 6.1 Death
01:36:13 7 Legacy
01:42:36 8 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Stanley Kubrick (; July 26, 1928 – March 7, 1999) was an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. He is frequently cited as one of the most influential filmmakers in cinematic history. His films, which are mostly adaptations of novels or short stories, cover a wide range of genres, and are noted for their realism, dark humor, unique cinematography, extensive set designs, and evocative use of music.
Kubrick was raised in the Bronx, New York City, and attended William Howard Taft High School from 1941 to 1945. He only received average grades, but displayed a keen interest in literature, photography, and film from a young age, and taught himself all aspects of film production and directing after graduating from high school. After working as a photographer for Look magazine in the late 1940s and early 1950s, he began making short films on a shoestring budget, and made his first major Hollywood film, The Killing, for United Artists in 1956. This was followed by two collaborations with Kirk Douglas, the war picture Paths of Glory (1957) and the historical epic Spartacus (1960). His reputation as a filmmaker in Hollywood grew, and he was approached by Marlon Brando to film what would become One-Eyed Jacks (1961), though Brando eventually decided to direct it himself.
Creative differences arising from his work with Douglas and the film studios, a dislike of the Hollywood industry, and a growing concern about crime in America prompted Kubrick to move to the United Kingdom in 1961, where he spent most of the remainder of his life and career. His home at Childwickbury Manor in Hertfordshire, which he shared with his wife Christiane, became his workplace, where he did his writing, research, editing, and management of production details. This allowed him to have almost complete artistic control over his films, but with the rare advantage of having financial support from major Hollywood studios. His first British productions were two films with Peter Sellers, Lolita (1962) and Dr. Strangelove (1964).
A demanding perfectionist, Kubrick assumed control over most aspects of the filmmaking process, from direction and writing to editing, and took painstaking care with researching his films and staging scenes, working in close coordination with his actors and other collaborators. He often asked for several dozen retakes of the same shot in a movie, which resulted in many conflicts with his casts. Despite the resulting notoriety among actors, many of Kubrick's films broke new ground in cinematography. The scientific realism and innovative special effects of 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) were without precedent in the history of cinema, and the film earned him his only personal Oscar, for Best Visual Effects. Steven Spielberg has referred to the film as his generation's "big bang", and it is regarded as one ...