Amazon River | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-05

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_River


00:01:43 1 Origin of the name
00:02:52 2 History
00:03:01 2.1 Pre-Columbian era
00:05:46 2.2 Arrival of Europeans
00:06:30 2.3 Exploration
00:10:32 2.4 Scientific exploration
00:11:22 2.5 Post-colonial exploitation and settlement
00:15:32 2.6 20th-century development
00:19:07 3 Course
00:19:15 3.1 Origins
00:22:07 3.2 The Upper Amazon or Solimões
00:23:41 3.3 The Lower Amazon
00:25:18 3.4 Mouth
00:26:51 3.5 Bridges
00:27:28 3.6 Dispute regarding length
00:30:21 4 Watershed
00:33:07 4.1 Flooding
00:35:05 5 Geology
00:36:35 6 Protected areas
00:36:44 7 Flora and fauna
00:36:54 7.1 Flora
00:37:02 7.2 Fauna
00:37:41 7.2.1 Mammals
00:39:14 7.2.2 Birds
00:39:22 7.2.3 Reptiles
00:39:50 7.2.4 Fish
00:41:39 7.2.5 Butterflies
00:41:47 7.2.6 Microbiota
00:42:17 8 Major tributaries
00:42:37 8.1 List by length
00:45:08 9 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
The Amazon River (UK: , US: ; Spanish and Portuguese: Amazonas) in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, and by some definitions it is the longest.The headwaters of the Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century as the Amazon's most distant source, until a 2014 study found it to be the headwaters of the Mantaro River on the Cordillera Rumi Cruz in Peru. The Mantaro and Apurímac join, and with other tributaries form the Ucayali River, which in turn meets the Marañón River upstream of Iquitos, Peru, to form what countries other than Brazil consider to be the main stem of the Amazon. Brazilians call this section the Solimões River above its confluence with the Rio Negro to form what Brazilians call the Amazon at the Meeting of Waters (Portuguese: Encontro das Águas) at Manaus, the largest city on the river.
At an average discharge of about 209,000 cubic metres per second (7,400,000 cu ft/s; 209,000,000 L/s; 55,000,000 USgal/s)—approximately 6,591 cubic kilometres per annum (1,581 cu mi/a), greater than the next seven largest independent rivers combined—the Amazon represents 20% of the global riverine discharge to the ocean. The Amazon basin is the largest drainage basin in the world, with an area of approximately 7,050,000 square kilometres (2,720,000 sq mi). The portion of the river's drainage basin in Brazil alone is larger than any other river's basin. The Amazon enters Brazil with only one-fifth of the flow it finally discharges into the Atlantic Ocean, yet already has a greater flow at this point than the discharge of any other river.