Computer systems in the Soviet Union | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-21

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_computing_in_the_Soviet_Union


00:01:34 1 History
00:01:44 1.1 Early history
00:03:56 1.2 Post-Stalin era
00:08:31 1.3 1970s
00:12:20 1.4 Early 1980s
00:16:15 1.5 Perestroika
00:20:49 1.6 1990s and legacy
00:23:17 2 Western sanctions
00:24:22 3 Appraisal
00:29:20 4 Timeline
00:31:34 5 See also



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SUMMARY
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The history of computing in the Soviet Union began during the late 1940s, when the country began to develop MESM at the Kiev Institute of Electrotechnology in Feofaniya. Initial ideological opposition to cybernetics in general was overcome during the Khrushchev era, and computer production was officially encouraged.By the early 1970s, uncoordinated work by competing government ministries left the Soviet computer industry lacking common standards in peripherals and digital capacity which led to a significant technological lag behind Western producers. The Soviet government decided to abandon the development of original computer designs and encouraged the pirating of Western systems.Soviet industry lacked the technology to mass-produce computers with acceptable quality standards, and locally-manufactured copies of Western hardware were unreliable. As personal computers spread to industries and offices in the West, the Soviet Union's technological lag increased.Nearly all Soviet computer manufacturers ceased operations after the breakup of the Soviet Union. The few companies which survived into the 1990s used foreign components and never achieved large production volumes.