Sterile insect technique | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-16

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterile_insect_technique


00:01:48 1 History
00:03:43 1.1 Successes
00:06:01 2 African trypanosomiasis
00:07:00 3 Successful programmes
00:08:39 4 Targets
00:10:06 5 History of transboundary shipment of sterile insects
00:11:11 6 Drawbacks
00:12:29 7 Conclusion and perspectives
00:13:39 8 Economic benefits
00:14:45 9 See also



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SUMMARY
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The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a method of biological insect control, whereby overwhelming numbers of sterile insects are released into the wild. The released insects are preferably male, as this is more cost-effective and the females may in some situations cause damage by laying eggs in the crop, or, in the case of mosquitoes, taking blood from humans. The sterile males compete with wild males to mate with the females. Females that mate with a sterile male produce no offspring, thus reducing the next generation's population. Sterile insects are not self-replicating and, therefore, cannot become established in the environment. Repeated release of sterile males over low population densities can further reduce and in cases of isolation eliminate pest populations, although cost-effective control with dense target populations is subjected to population suppression prior to the release of the sterile males.
The technique has successfully been used to eradicate the screw-worm fly (Cochliomyia hominivorax) from North and Central America. Many successes have been achieved for control of fruit fly pests, most particularly the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) and the Mexican fruit fly (Anastrepha ludens).
Sterilization is induced through the effects of irradiation on the reproductive cells of the insects. SIT does not involve the release of insects modified through transgenic (genetic engineering) processes. Moreover, SIT does not introduce non-native species into an ecosystem.