Technological and industrial history of Canada | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_and_industrial_history_of_Canada


00:02:24 1 The Stone Age: Fire (14,000 BC – AD 1600)
00:06:57 2 The Age of Sail (1600-1830)
00:07:41 2.1 Transportation: shipbuilding and the wheel
00:13:43 2.2 Communication, symbolic language
00:16:56 2.3 Energy
00:17:46 2.4 Industry
00:24:45 2.5 Materials
00:26:58 2.6 Medicine
00:29:30 2.7 Domestic technology
00:32:46 2.8 Waste disposal
00:34:06 2.9 Military technology
00:35:38 3 The Steam Age (1830–1880)
00:36:24 3.1 Steam power
00:41:01 3.2 Universal time
00:41:56 3.3 Communication
00:43:53 3.4 Energy and oil
00:46:48 3.5 Materials and products
00:49:50 3.6 Industrial techniques and processes
01:00:17 3.7 Medicine
01:02:15 3.8 Public works, water, civil engineering and architecture
01:07:41 3.9 Defence
01:08:21 4 The early Electric Age (1880–1900)
01:08:33 4.1 Energy and electricity
01:11:06 4.2 Transportation
01:13:40 4.3 Communication
01:16:55 4.4 Heavy manufacturing
01:19:54 4.5 Industrial processes and techniques
01:25:20 4.6 Materials
01:28:10 4.7 Light manufacturing
01:31:16 4.8 Public works and civil engineering
01:32:47 4.9 Waste disposal (sewers)
01:34:25 4.10 Skyscrapers and architecture
01:35:53 4.11 Central heating
01:37:25 4.12 Defence
01:38:16 5 The 20th century
01:38:26 6 The 21st century
01:38:36 7 End note



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SUMMARY
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The technological and industrial history of Canada encompasses the country's development in the areas of transportation, communication, energy, materials, public works, public services (health care), domestic/consumer and defense technologies. Most technologies diffused in Canada came from other places; only a small number actually originated in Canada. For more about those with a Canadian origin, see Invention in Canada.
The terms chosen for the "age" described below are both literal and metaphorical. They describe the technology that dominated the period in question but are also representative of a large number of other technologies introduced during the same period. Also of note is the fact that the period of diffusion of a technology can begin modestly and can extend well beyond the "age" of its introduction. To maintain continuity, the treatment of its diffusion is dealt with in the context of its dominant "age". For example, the "Steam Age" here is defined as being from 1840 to 1880. However, steam-powered boats were introduced in 1809, the CPR was completed in 1885 and railway construction in Canada continued well into the 20th century. To preserve continuity, the development of steam, in the early and later years, is therefore considered within the "Steam Age".
Technology is a major cultural determinant, no less important in shaping human lives than philosophy, religion, social organization, or political systems. In the broadest sense, these forces are also aspects of technology. The French sociologist Jacques Ellul defined "la technique" as the totality of all rational methods in every field of human activity so that, for example, education, law, sports, propaganda, and the social sciences are all technologies in that sense. At the other end of the scale, common parlance limits the term's meaning to specific industrial arts.