Police | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 23/06/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police


00:02:39 1 Etymology
00:03:19 2 History
00:03:28 2.1 Ancient policing
00:06:05 2.2 Post-classical policing
00:10:56 2.3 Early modern policing
00:14:24 2.4 Modern police
00:14:33 2.4.1 In London
00:18:04 2.4.1.1 Metropolitan police force
00:21:55 2.4.2 Other countries
00:22:04 2.4.2.1 Australia
00:23:14 2.4.2.2 Brazil
00:24:31 2.4.2.3 Canada
00:25:25 2.4.2.4 Lebanon
00:25:41 2.4.2.5 India
00:26:25 2.4.2.6 United States
00:28:24 2.5 Development of theory
00:33:57 3 Personnel and organization
00:34:42 3.1 Uniformed police
00:36:23 3.2 Detectives
00:39:22 3.3 Volunteers and auxiliary police
00:40:38 3.4 Specialized units
00:42:43 3.5 Administrative duties
00:43:16 3.6 Military police
00:44:16 3.7 Religious police
00:45:17 4 International policing
00:52:18 5 Equipment
00:52:27 5.1 Weapons
00:54:33 5.2 Communications
00:55:43 5.3 Vehicles
00:57:43 5.3.1 Other safety equipment
00:57:58 6 Strategies
01:02:20 7 Power restrictions
01:06:31 8 Conduct, accountability and public confidence
01:08:35 8.1 Use of force
01:11:04 8.2 Protection of individuals
01:12:50 9 By country
01:16:40 10 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
The police are a constituted body of persons empowered by a state to enforce the law, to protect the lives, liberty and possessions of citizens, and to prevent crime and civil disorder. Their powers include the power of arrest and the legitimized use of force. The term is most commonly associated with the police forces of a sovereign state that are authorized to exercise the police power of that state within a defined legal or territorial area of responsibility. Police forces are often defined as being separate from the military and other organizations involved in the defense of the state against foreign aggressors; however, gendarmerie are military units charged with civil policing. Police forces are usually public sector services, funded through taxes.
Law enforcement is only part of policing activity. Policing has included an array of activities in different situations, but the predominant ones are concerned with the preservation of order. In some societies, in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, these developed within the context of maintaining the class system and the protection of private property. Police forces have become ubiquitous in modern societies. Nevertheless, their role can be controversial, as some are involved to varying degrees in corruption, police brutality and the enforcement of authoritarian rule.
A police force may also be referred to as a police department, police service, constabulary, gendarmerie, crime prevention, protective services, law enforcement agency, civil guard or civic guard. Members may be referred to as police officers, troopers, sheriffs, constables, rangers, peace officers or civic/civil guards. Ireland differs from other English-speaking countries by using the Irish language terms Garda (singular) and Gardaí (plural), for both the national police force and its members. The word police is the most universal and similar terms can be seen in many non-English speaking countries.Numerous slang terms exist for the police. Many slang terms for police officers are decades or centuries old with lost etymology. One of the oldest, "cop", has largely lost its slang connotations and become a common colloquial term used both by the public and police officers to refer to their profession.