Emancipation reform of 1861 | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 05/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Emancipation reform of 1861


00:01:23 1 Background
00:03:22 2 Earlier reform moves
00:04:44 3 Shaping of the manifesto
00:07:33 4 Emancipation Manifesto
00:08:27 5 Implementation
00:10:01 6 Outcomes
00:11:52 6.1 Effects on the serfs
00:13:19 6.2 Aftermath
00:14:48 7 See also



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SUMMARY
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The Emancipation Reform of 1861 in Russia (Russian: Крестьянская реформа 1861 года, translit. Krestyanskaya reforma 1861 goda - "peasants' reform of 1861") was the first and most important of liberal reforms passed during the reign (1855-1881) of Emperor Alexander II of Russia. The reform effectively abolished serfdom throughout the Russian Empire.
The 1861 Emancipation Manifesto proclaimed the emancipation of the serfs on private estates and of the domestic (household) serfs. By this edict more than 23 million people received their liberty. Serfs gained the full rights of free citizens, including rights to marry without having to gain consent, to own property and to own a business. The Manifesto prescribed that peasants would be able to buy the land from the landlords. Household serfs were the least affected: they gained only their freedom and no land.
In Georgia the emancipation took place later, in 1864, and on much better terms for the nobles than in Russia. The serfs were emancipated in 1861, following a speech given by Tsar Alexander II on 30 March 1856. State owned serfs, i.e. the serfs living on Imperial lands, were emancipated later in 1866.