Determinism | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-08

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determinism


00:02:10 1 Varieties
00:11:59 2 Philosophical connections
00:12:09 2.1 With nature/nurture controversy
00:14:01 2.2 With particular factors
00:15:27 2.3 With free will
00:17:56 2.4 With the soul
00:18:59 2.5 With ethics and morality
00:20:59 3 History
00:22:10 3.1 Western tradition
00:26:20 3.2 Eastern tradition
00:27:36 4 Modern scientific perspective
00:27:46 4.1 Generative processes
00:30:51 4.2 Compatibility with the existence of science
00:31:59 4.3 Mathematical models
00:32:53 4.4 Quantum and Classical Mechanics
00:33:03 4.4.1 Day-to-day physics
00:35:05 4.4.2 Quantum realm
00:41:45 4.4.3 Other matters of quantum determinism



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SUMMARY
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Determinism is the philosophical idea that all events, including moral choices, are determined completely by previously existing causes. Determinism is at times understood to preclude free will because it entails that humans cannot act otherwise than they do. It can also be called as hard determinism from this point of view. Hard determinism is a position on the relationship of determinism to free will. The theory holds that the universe is utterly rational because complete knowledge of any given situation assures that unerring knowledge of its future is also possible. Some philosophers suggest variants around this basic definition. Deterministic theories throughout the history of philosophy have sprung from diverse and sometimes overlapping motives and considerations. The opposite of determinism is some kind of indeterminism (otherwise called nondeterminism). Determinism is often contrasted with free will.Determinism often is taken to mean causal determinism, which in physics is known as cause-and-effect. It is the concept that events within a given paradigm are bound by causality in such a way that any state (of an object or event) is completely determined by prior states. This meaning can be distinguished from other varieties of determinism mentioned below.
Other debates often concern the scope of determined systems, with some maintaining that the entire universe is a single determinate system and others identifying other more limited determinate systems (or multiverse). Numerous historical debates involve many philosophical positions and varieties of determinism. They include debates concerning determinism and free will, technically denoted as compatibilistic (allowing the two to coexist) and incompatibilistic (denying their coexistence is a possibility). Determinism should not be confused with self-determination of human actions by reasons, motives, and desires. Determinism rarely requires that perfect prediction be practically possible.