Hollywood (film industry) | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-08

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States


00:03:22 1 History
00:03:31 1.1 Origins and Fort Lee
00:06:51 1.2 Rise of Hollywood
00:14:06 1.3 Classical Hollywood cinema and the Golden Age of Hollywood (1917–1960)
00:17:38 1.3.1 The studio system
00:21:41 1.4 Decline of the studio system (late 1940s)
00:25:48 1.4.1 Impact: Fewer films, larger individual budgets
00:27:19 1.5 New Hollywood and post-classical cinema (1960s–1980s)
00:30:53 1.6 Rise of the home video market (1980s–1990s)
00:32:36 1.7 Modern cinema
00:37:34 2 Hollywood and politics
00:38:06 2.1 Political endorsements
00:39:38 2.2 Political donations
00:40:11 3 Spread to world markets
00:43:21 4 Role of women
00:46:22 5 See also



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SUMMARY
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The cinema of the United States, often metonymously referred to as Hollywood, has had a profound effect on the film industry in general since the early 20th century. The dominant style of American cinema is classical Hollywood cinema, which developed from 1917 to 1960 and characterizes most films made there to this day. While Frenchmen Auguste and Louis Lumière are generally credited with the birth of modern cinema, American cinema quickly came to be the most dominant force in the industry as it emerged. It produces the largest number of films of any single-language national cinema, with more than 800 English-language films released on average every year. While the national cinemas of the United Kingdom (299), Canada (206), Australia and New Zealand also produce films in the same language, they are not considered part of the Hollywood system. Hollywood has also been considered a transnational cinema. Classical Hollywood produced multiple language versions of some titles, often in Spanish or French. Contemporary Hollywood offshores production to Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
Hollywood is the oldest film industry in the world, and is considered the birthplace of various genres of cinema—among them comedy, drama, action, the musical, romance, horror, science fiction and the war epic—having set an example for other national film industries.
In 1878, Eadweard Muybridge demonstrated the power of photography to capture motion. In 1894, the world's first commercial motion-picture exhibition was given in New York City, using Thomas Edison's kinetoscope. The United States produced the world's first sync-sound musical film, The Jazz Singer, in 1927, and was at the forefront of sound-film development in the following decades. Since the early 20th century, the US film industry has largely been based in and around the 30 Mile Zone in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California. Director D. W. Griffith was central to the development of a film grammar. Orson Welles's Citizen Kane (1941) is frequently cited in critics' polls as the greatest film of all time.The major film studios of Hollywood are the primary source of the most commercially successful and most ticket selling movies in the world, such as The Birth of a Nation (1915), Gone with the Wind (1939), The Sound of Music (1965), The Godfather (1972), Jaws (1975), Star Wars (1977), E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), Jurassic Park (1993), Titanic (1997), and Avatar (2009). Moreover, many of Hollywood's highest-grossing movies have generated more box-office revenue and ticket sales outside the United States than films made elsewhere. Today, American film studios collectively generate several hundred movies every year, making the United States one of the most prolific producers of films in the world and a leading pioneer in motion picture engineering and technology.