Return connecting rod engine | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-07-05

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Return_connecting_rod_engine


00:01:16 1 Table and Steeple engines
00:01:34 1.1 Table engines
00:02:46 1.2 Steeple engines
00:03:40 2 Locomotives
00:07:17 3 Marine steam engines
00:07:27 3.1 Paddle ships
00:08:23 3.1.1 Crosshead engines
00:09:10 3.1.2 Steeple engines
00:09:41 3.2 Screw propulsion
00:10:02 3.2.1 Trunk engines
00:11:12 3.2.2 Double piston rod engines
00:13:32 3.2.3 Maudslay's siamese engine
00:14:05 3.3 Builders
00:14:12 4 Directly coupled pumps and blowing engines



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SUMMARY
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A return connecting rod, return piston rod or (in marine parlance) double piston rod engine or back-acting engine is a particular layout for a steam engine. 
The key attribute of this layout is that the piston rod emerges from the cylinder to the crosshead, but the connecting rod then reverses direction and goes backwards to the crankshaft. This layout is compact, but has mechanical disadvantages. Return connecting rod engines were thus rarely used.
The return connecting rod layout has two possible forms: 

The cylinder is between the crosshead and the crankshaft. This requires long connecting rods. To avoid unbalanced forces on the crosshead, these rods are usually paired and run either side of the cylinder.
The crankshaft is between the crosshead and cylinder. This requires a paired piston rod or yoke, so as to pass around the crankshaft.Both horizontal and vertical arrangements have used the return connecting rod layout. Vertical return connecting rod engines used the original 'vertical' layout, with the cylinder facing upwards to the crosshead.