VIRAL INFECTION | वायरल इन्फेक्शन का इलाज | CAUSES | SIGN & SYMPTOMS | TREATMEN T & MEDICINES
Channel: PHARMAROCKS THE WAY OF SUCCESS
Date: 13/11/2020

VIRAL INFECTION वायरल इन्फेक्शन का इलाज
Viral infection means Infection caused by the presence of virus in body. 
Depending on the virus and the person's state of health, various viruses can infect almost any type of body tissue, from the brain to the skin.

CAUSES OF VIRAL INFECTION
There are many ways that you can become infected with a virus, including: Inhalation. 
If someone with a viral infection sneezes or coughs near you, you can breathe in droplets containing the virus. 
Examples of viral infections from inhalation include the flu or common cold

SIGN & SYMPTOMS OF VIRAL INFECTION
Runny or stuffy nose.
Sore throat.
Cough.
Congestion.
Slight body aches
Mild headache.
Sneezing.
Low-grade fever.

DIAGNOSIS OF VIRAL INFECTION
Testing of body fluids like blood, mucus, sputum, semen, lachrymal fluid 
The diagnosis of viral infections by detection of specific antiviral antibodies is a traditional method whose clinical utility is limited by the need for comparison of acute and convalescent antibody titers. 
However, detection of virus-specific IgM antibodies allows a diagnosis to be made from a single specimen.
RT–PCR is a variation of PCR, or polymerase chain reaction.

PREVENTION OF VIRAL INFECTION
Personal hygiene
Vaccination (if available)
Cover face using mask
Use hand gloves if necessary
Hand wash
Sanitation
Avoid hand shaking
Maintain cleanliness

TREATMENT OF VIRAL INFECTION
For most viral infections, treatments can only help with symptoms while you wait for your immune system to fight off the virus. 
Antibiotics do not work for viral infections. 
There are antiviral medicines to treat some viral infections. 
Vaccines can help prevent you from getting many viral diseases.

Symptoms based treatment also we can provide
If fever then we can control fever using paracetamol
If symptoms of cough then we can give medicines for cough and cold
If symptoms are body pain and headache then we can treat patient using pain relievers (analgesic)
Then based on diagnosis proper antiviral medicine based on the type of virus 

Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used specifically for treating viral infections rather than bacterial ones. 
Most antivirals are used for specific viral infections, while a broad-spectrum antiviral is effective against a wide range of viruses.

1. Anti-Herpes virus Drugs
Idoxuridine,  
Acyclovir
Valaciclovir, 
Famciclovir, 
Ganciclovir,
Foscarnet
Trifluridine,
Valganciclovir, 
Cidofovir, 
Fomivirsen

2. Anti-Retrovirus
(a) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs):
Zidovudine (AZT)
Didanosine,  
Zalcitabine,
Stavudine, 
Lamivudine, Abacavir, Tenofovir

(b) Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs):  
Nevirapine, 
Efavirenz, 
Delavirdine

(c) Protease inhibitors:  
Ritonavir, 
Indinavir,
Nelfinavir, 
Saquinavir, 
Amprenavir, 
Lopinavir

3. Anti-Influenza virus
Amantadine
Rimantadine
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
Zanamivir

4. Nonselective Antiviral Drugs
Ribavirin
Lamivudine
Adefovir dipivoxil
Interferon α

Anti-Hepatitis virus
Primarily for hepatitis B:  
Lamivudine, Adefovir dipivoxil, Tenofovir
Primarily for hepatitis C:  
Ribavirin,
Interferon  α

(d) Entry (Fusion) inhibitor: Enfuvirtide
(e) CCR5 receptor inhibitor: Maraviroc
(f) Integrase inhibitor: Raltegravir

The first-line NACO recommended regimens
First-line antiretroviral regimens*
Preferred regimen
1. Lamivudine + Zidovudine + Nevirapine

Alternative regimens
1. Lamivudine + Zidovudine + Efavirenz
2. Lamivudine + Stavudine1 + Efavirenz
3. Lamivudine + Stavudine + Nevirapine

Other options
1. Lamivudine + Tenofovir2  + Nevirapine
2. Lamivudine + Tenofovir2 + Efavirenz
3. Lamivudine3 + Zidovudine + Tenofovir

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