Environmental policy of the United States | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-15

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_policy_of_the_United_States


00:02:50 1 Policy tools
00:04:21 2 Power delegation and policy jurisdiction
00:04:32 2.1 Executive branch
00:05:59 2.2 Legislative branch
00:07:19 3 History
00:07:51 3.1 Origins of the environmental movement
00:12:18 3.2 The Nixon Administration and beginning of the Environmental Decade (1970–1980)
00:15:22 3.3 The Ford Administration (1974-1977)
00:15:35 3.4 The Carter Administration (1977-1981)
00:15:47 3.5 The Reagan Administration (1981–1989)
00:18:43 3.6 The George H. W. Bush Administration (1989–1993)
00:22:17 3.7 The Clinton Administration (1993–2001)
00:24:27 3.8 The George W. Bush Administration (2001–2009)
00:24:37 3.8.1 The President’s Initiative
00:26:36 3.8.2 Global environmental policy
00:28:55 3.8.3 Campaign promise on the environment
00:29:54 3.8.4 Environmental regulation
00:30:40 3.8.5 Reducing air pollution
00:31:43 3.8.6 Bush environmental legacy
00:32:52 3.9 The Obama Administration (2009–2017)
00:33:46 3.10 The Trump Administration (2017–present)
00:36:11 4 Issues
00:36:42 4.1 Acid deposition
00:38:59 4.2 Ozone depletion
00:40:34 4.3 Hazardous wastes
00:43:20 4.4 Risk control policy
00:46:25 5 Impact
00:48:43 6 See also



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SUMMARY
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The environmental policy of the United States is a federal governmental action to regulate activities that have an environmental impact in the United States. The goal of environmental policy is to protect the environment for future generations while interfering as little as possible with the efficiency of commerce or the liberty of the people and to limit inequity in who is burdened with environmental costs. As his first official act bringing in the 1970s, President Richard Nixon signed the U.S. National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) into law on New Years Day, 1970. Also in the same year, American starts to celebrate the first earth day, which is "the big bang of U.S. environmental politics, launching the country on a sweeping social learning curve about ecological management never before experienced or attempted in any other nation"(RosenBaum, 2016, p. 9). NEPA established a comprehensive US national environmental policy and created the requirement to prepare an environmental impact statement for “major federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the environment.” Eccleston has called NEPA, the world's “environmental Magna Carta”.As a result of the environmental movement in the United States, it continued to mature in the 1970s during which several environmental laws were passed, regulating air and water pollution and forming the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Partially due to the high costs associated with these regulations, there has been a backlash from business and politically conservative interests, limiting increases to environmental regulatory budgets and slowing efforts to protect the environment. Since the 1970s, despite frequent legislative gridlock, there have been significant achievements in environmental regulation, including increases in air and water quality and, to a lesser degree, control of hazardous waste. Due to increasing scientific consensus on global warming and political pressure from environmental groups, modifications to the United States energy policy and limits on greenhouse gas have been suggested.
As established under NEPA, the US was the first nation in the world to introduce the concept of preparing an environmental impact statement (EIS) to evaluate the  alternatives and impacts of proposed federal actions. The EIS is designed to forge federal policies, programs, projects, and plans. A large percentage of nations around the world have adopted provisions that emulate the American EIS process.