Umbanda | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-14

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Umbanda


00:01:20 1 Basic beliefs and practices
00:02:16 2 Three principal items
00:02:32 2.1 Pantheon
00:04:11 2.2 World of the Spirits
00:10:26 2.3 Reincarnation
00:11:18 3 Umbanda temples, priests and priestesses
00:14:49 4 Rituals &amp; ceremonies
00:18:40 5 History
00:18:49 5.1 Historical background
00:19:48 5.2 Beginning
00:20:37 5.3 First years and the development
00:22:05 5.4 Expansion during Vargas dictatorship
00:23:57 5.5 Prime years after the Vargas dictatorship
00:26:38 5.6 Opposition
00:27:46 5.7 Today
00:28:57 6 Notable Umbandists
00:29:19 7 Bibliography



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SUMMARY
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Umbanda (Portuguese pronunciation: [ũˈbɐ̃dɐ]) is a syncretic Afro-Brazilian religion that blends African traditions with Roman Catholicism, Spiritism, and Indigenous American beliefs. Although some of its beliefs and most of its practices existed in the late 19th century in almost all Brazil, it is assumed that Umbanda originated in Rio de Janeiro and surrounding areas in the early 20th century, mainly due to the work of a psychic (medium), Zélio Fernandino de Moraes, who practiced Umbanda among the poor Afro-Brazilians slave descendants. Since then, Umbanda has spread across mainly southern Brazil and neighboring countries like Argentina and Uruguay. 
Umbanda has many branches, each one with a different set of beliefs and practices. Some common beliefs are the existence of a Supreme Creator known as Olodumare. Other common beliefs are the existence of deities called Orixás, most of them syncretized with Catholic saints that act as divine energy and forces of nature; spirits of deceased people that counsel and guide practitioners through troubles in the material world; psychics, or mediums, who have a natural ability that can be perfected to bring messages from the spiritual world of Orixás and the guiding spirits; reincarnation and spiritual evolution through many material lives (karmic law) and the practice of charity and social fraternity.