Eritrean War of Independence | Wikipedia audio article
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Date: 2018-11-27

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Eritrean War of Independence

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SUMMARY
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The Eritrean War of Independence was a conflict fought between the Ethiopian government and Eritrean separatists, both before and during the Ethiopian Civil War. The war started when Eritrea's autonomy within Ethiopia, where troops were already stationed, was revoked.
Eritrea had become part of Ethiopia after World War II, when both territories were liberated from Italian occupation. Ethiopia claimed that Eritrea was part of their country. Ethiopia's wishes were fulfilled after the United Nations General Assembly federated Eritrea to Ethiopia as a province as early as 1950. Following the Marxist–Leninist coup in Ethiopia in 1974 which toppled its ancient monarchy, the Derg enjoyed Soviet support until the end of the 1980s, when glasnost and perestroika started to affect Moscow's foreign policies, resulting in a withdrawal of help.
The war went on for 30 years until 1991, when the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF) defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea, and the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), with the help of the EPLF, took control of Ethiopia and removed the Marxist–Leninist People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) from the Ethiopian capital of Addis Ababa. In April 1993, in a referendum supported by Ethiopia, the Eritrean people voted almost unanimously in favour of independence. Formal international recognition of an independent, sovereign Eritrea followed later the same year. The two main rebel groups, the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) and the EPLF, fought the two Eritrean Civil Wars during the war of liberation.