Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-02

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_China


00:02:27 1 Background
00:05:08 2 Legislative basis
00:06:58 2.1 Section 5 of the Computer Information Network and Internet Security, Protection, and Management Regulations
00:08:39 2.2 State Council Order No. 292
00:09:44 3 Enforcement
00:13:07 3.1 Self-regulation
00:14:50 3.2 Use of service providers
00:17:28 3.3 Arrests
00:20:00 4 Technical implementation
00:20:10 4.1 Current methods
00:20:30 4.2 Future projects
00:22:57 5 Targets of censorship
00:23:06 5.1 Targeted content
00:26:19 5.2 Search engines
00:27:58 5.3 Discussion forums
00:28:54 5.4 Social media websites
00:31:50 6 Specific examples of internet censorship
00:32:01 6.1 Tiananmen Square protest of 1989
00:34:23 6.1.1 Reactions of netizens in China
00:35:58 6.1.2 Debates about the significance of internet resistance to censorship
00:37:56 6.1.3 Internet censorship of the protest in 2013
00:38:56 6.2 Other examples
00:40:31 7 International influence
00:43:19 8 Evasion
00:43:28 8.1 Using a VPN service
00:44:02 8.2 Changing IP addresses
00:44:24 8.3 Using a mirror website
00:44:40 8.4 Hacking the network stack
00:44:58 8.5 Using Tor and DPI-resistant tools
00:46:37 8.6 Unintended methods
00:47:26 8.7 Using an analogy to bypass keyword filters
00:48:16 8.8 Using steganography
00:48:54 8.9 Voices
00:50:24 9 Economic impact
00:50:47 10 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Internet censorship in China is among the most extensive in the world due to a wide variety of laws and administrative regulations. More than sixty Internet restrictions have been created by the government of China, which have been implemented by provincial branches of state-owned ISPs, companies, and organizations. According to CNN, the apparatus of China's Internet control is considered more extensive and more advanced than in any other country in the world. The governmental authorities not only block website content but also monitor the Internet access of individuals; such measures have attracted the derisive nickname "The Great Firewall of China."
As per Hoffman, different methods are used to block certain websites or pages including DNS poisoning, blocking access to IPs, analyzing and filtering URLs, inspecting filter packets and resetting connections.Amnesty International notes that China has "the largest recorded number of imprisoned journalists and cyber-dissidents in the world," and Paris-based Reporters Without Borders stated in 2010 and 2012 that "China is the world's biggest prison for netizens." The offences of which they are accused include communicating with groups abroad, signing online petitions, and calling for reform and an end to corruption. The escalation of the government's effort to neutralize critical online opinion and organizing comes after a series of large, anti-pollution, anti-corruption protests, and ethnic riots, many of which were organized or publicized using instant messaging services, chat rooms, and text messages. The size of the Chinese Internet police force was reported by state media to be 2 million in 2013.Carrie Gracie wrote that local Chinese businesses such as Baidu, Tencent, and Alibaba, some of the world's largest internet enterprises, benefited from the way China has blocked international rivals from the market, encouraging domestic competition.Since May 2015, Chinese Wikipedia has been blocked in mainland China. This was done after Wikipedia started to use HTTPS encryption which made selective censorship impossible or more difficult.
Although the censorship affects the whole nation, it does not affect China's special administrative regions such as Hong Kong and Macau. This is because these regions enjoy a high degree of autonomy, as specified in local laws and the "One country, two systems" principle. Nevertheless, it  ...