Existentialism | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-08

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existentialism


00:01:23 1 Etymology
00:02:47 2 Definitional issues and background
00:05:13 3 Concepts
00:05:22 3.1 Existence precedes essence
00:09:40 3.2 The absurd
00:12:46 3.3 Facticity
00:16:20 3.4 Authenticity
00:18:28 3.5 The Other and the Look
00:21:03 3.6 Angst and dread
00:22:55 3.7 Despair
00:25:08 4 Opposition to positivism and rationalism
00:26:41 5 Religion
00:27:31 6 Confusion with nihilism
00:28:51 7 History
00:29:00 7.1 19th century
00:29:09 7.1.1 Kierkegaard and Nietzsche
00:31:00 7.1.2 Dostoyevsky
00:32:28 7.2 Early 20th century
00:38:36 7.3 After the Second World War
00:45:05 8 Influence outside philosophy
00:45:15 8.1 Art
00:45:23 8.1.1 Film and television
00:48:33 8.1.2 Literature
00:50:14 8.1.3 Theatre
00:54:35 8.2 Psychoanalysis and psychotherapy
00:57:54 9 Criticisms
00:58:03 9.1 General criticisms
00:59:14 9.2 Sartre's philosophy



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"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates


SUMMARY
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Existentialism () is a tradition of philosophical inquiry associated mainly with certain 19th and 20th-century European philosophers who, despite profound doctrinal differences, shared the belief that philosophical thinking begins with the human subject—not merely the thinking subject, but the acting, feeling, living human individual. While the predominant value of existentialist thought is commonly acknowledged to be freedom, its primary virtue is authenticity. In the view of the existentialist, the individual's starting point is characterized by what has been called "the existential attitude", or a sense of disorientation, confusion, or dread in the face of an apparently meaningless or absurd world. Many existentialists have also regarded traditional systematic or academic philosophies, in both style and content, as too abstract and remote from concrete human experience.Søren Kierkegaard is generally considered to have been the first existentialist philosopher, though he did not use the term existentialism. He proposed that each individual—not society or religion—is solely responsible for giving meaning to life and living it passionately and sincerely, or "authentically". Existentialism became popular in the years following World War II, and strongly influenced many disciplines besides philosophy, including theology, drama, art, literature, and psychology.