Benjamin Butler (politician) | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Benjamin Butler (politician)


00:02:16 1 Early years
00:04:44 2 Law and early business dealings
00:05:44 3 Entry into politics
00:07:53 4 Civil War
00:08:46 4.1 1860
00:09:41 4.2 Petitioning for military leadership appointment
00:10:50 4.3 1861: Baltimore and Virginia operations
00:13:08 4.4 Fort Monroe, Virginia
00:17:13 4.5 New Orleans
00:18:03 4.5.1 Public health management
00:18:30 4.5.2 Civil administration difficulties
00:21:04 4.5.3 Cotton seizures
00:22:25 4.5.4 Censorship of newspapers
00:23:42 4.5.5 Execution of William Mumford
00:25:06 4.5.6 Actions against foreign consuls
00:26:06 4.5.7 Handling of escaped slaves
00:27:07 4.5.8 Recall
00:27:57 4.6 Army of the James
00:28:47 4.6.1 United States Colored Troops
00:29:34 4.6.2 Petersburg assault
00:31:05 4.7 Fort Fisher and final recall
00:33:07 4.8 Financial dealings
00:38:16 5 Postbellum career
00:38:58 5.1 Congressman
00:42:43 5.2 Business and charitable dealings
00:44:57 5.3 Governor of Massachusetts and run for President
00:48:05 6 Later years and legacy
00:49:30 7 See also
00:49:52 8 Notes
00:50:01 9 Bibliography
00:50:10 10 Further reading
00:50:19 11 External links



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SUMMARY
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Benjamin Franklin Butler (November 5, 1818 – January 11, 1893) was a major general of the Union Army, politician, lawyer and businessman from Massachusetts. Born in New Hampshire and raised in Lowell, Massachusetts, Butler is best known as a political major general of the Union Army during the American Civil War, and for his leadership role in the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson.  He was a colorful and often controversial figure on the national stage and in the Massachusetts political scene, during his one term as Governor.
Butler, a successful trial lawyer, served in the Massachusetts legislature as an antiwar Democrat and as an officer in the state militia.  Early in the Civil War he joined the Union Army, where he was noted for his lack of military skill, and his controversial command of New Orleans, which brought him wide dislike in the South and the "Beast" epithet.  He helped create the legal idea of effectively freeing fugitive slaves by designating them as contraband of war in service of military objectives, which led to a political groundswell in the North which included general emancipation and the end of slavery as official war goals.  His commands were marred by financial and logistical dealings across enemy lines, some of which probably took place with his knowledge and to his financial benefit.
Butler was dismissed from the Union Army after his failures in the First Battle of Fort Fisher, but soon won election to the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts.  As a Radical Republican he opposed President Johnson's Reconstruction agenda, and was the House's lead manager in the Johnson impeachment proceedings.  As Chairman of the House Committee on Reconstruction, Butler authored the Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871 and coauthored the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1875.
In Massachusetts, Butler was often at odds with more conservative members of the political establishment over matters of both style and substance.  Feuds with Republican politicians led to his being denied several nominations for the governorship between 1858 and 1880.  Returning to the Democratic fold, he won the governship in the 1882 election with Democratic and Greenback Party support.  He ran for President on the Greenback ticket in 1884.