Cuba during World War I | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-09

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Cuba


00:01:35 1 Pre-Columbian history
00:03:35 2 Spanish conquest and early colonization
00:08:55 3 Arrival of African slaves
00:12:29 3.1 Sugar plantations
00:13:54 4 The 16th–18th centuries: Cuba under attack
00:17:33 5 The 19th century: Years of Upheaval
00:18:36 5.1 Reform, autonomy and separatist movements
00:22:33 5.2 Antislavery and independence movements
00:25:30 5.3 The possibility of annexation
00:28:39 5.4 Resumption of independence struggle
00:29:33 6 1895–98: War of Independence
00:29:45 6.1 Build-up to the war
00:29:53 6.1.1 Social, political, and economic change
00:32:01 6.1.2 Martí's insurrection and the start of the war
00:37:35 6.2 Escalation of the war
00:43:55 6.3 The iMaine/i incident
00:48:03 7 The Cuban theatre of the Spanish–American War
00:51:47 8 First U.S. occupation and the Platt amendment
00:52:23 8.1 Political changes
00:53:56 8.2 Economic changes
00:58:42 8.3 Elections and independence
01:03:23 9 Cuba in the early 20th century
01:08:20 9.1 After World War I
01:11:37 9.2 The 1940 constitution and the Batista era
01:11:48 9.2.1 Rise of Batista
01:15:12 9.2.2 Economic expansion
01:18:21 9.2.3 Stagnation and dissatisfaction
01:20:16 10 1953–59: the Cuban Revolution
01:23:57 11 Castro's Cuba
01:24:07 11.1 Politics
01:26:51 11.2 Break with the United States
01:27:01 11.2.1 Castro's resentment of American influence
01:28:57 11.2.2 Breakdown of relations
01:32:01 11.2.3 Formal disconnection
01:33:22 11.3 Bay of Pigs invasion
01:35:15 11.4 The Cuban Missile Crisis
01:37:22 11.5 Military build-up
01:37:55 11.6 Suppression of dissent
01:39:36 11.7 Emigration
01:42:10 11.8 Involvement in Third World conflicts
01:43:30 11.8.1 Angola
01:45:52 11.8.2 North Africa
01:46:34 11.8.3 Congo
01:47:19 11.8.4 Ethiopia
01:48:10 11.9 Intelligence cooperation between Cuba and the Soviets
01:49:45 12 Modern era
01:49:55 12.1 Special Period
01:53:53 12.2 Continued isolation and regional engagement
01:56:21 12.3 End of Fidel Castro's presidency
01:57:38 12.4 Economic reforms
01:58:30 12.5 Improving foreign relations
02:00:38 13 See also



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SUMMARY
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The island of Cuba was inhabited by various Mesoamerican cultures prior to the arrival of the Spanish in 1492. After the arrival, Spain conquered Cuba and appointed Spanish governors to rule in Havana. In 1762, Havana was briefly occupied by Great Britain, before being returned to Spain in exchange for Florida. A series of rebellions during the 19th century failed to end the Spanish rule. However, the Spanish–American War resulted in a Spanish withdrawal from the island in 1898, and following three-and-a-half years of subsequent US military rule, Cuba gained formal independence in 1902.In the years following its independence, the Cuban republic saw significant economic development, but also political corruption and a succession of despotic leaders, culminating in the overthrow of the dictator Fulgencio Batista by the 26th of July Movement, led by Fidel and Raúl Castro Ruz, during the 1953–59 Cuban Revolution. Cuba has since been governed as a socialist state by the Communist Party under the leadership of the Castro brothers. The country has been politically and economically isolated by the United States since the Revolution, but has gradually gained access to foreign commerce and travel as efforts to normalise diplomatic relations have progressed. Domestic economic reforms are also beginning to modernize Cuba's socialist economy.