Operating system | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-20

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system


00:01:46 1 Types of operating systems
00:01:56 1.1 Single- and multi-tasking
00:03:09 1.2 Single- and multi-user
00:03:55 1.3 Distributed
00:04:27 1.4 Templated
00:04:55 1.5 Embedded
00:05:26 1.6 Real-time
00:06:04 1.7 Library
00:06:33 2 History
00:09:19 2.1 Mainframes
00:15:56 2.2 Microcomputers
00:18:53 3 Examples
00:19:02 3.1 Unix and Unix-like operating systems
00:21:03 3.1.1 BSD and its descendants
00:23:07 3.1.1.1 macOS
00:24:57 3.1.2 Linux
00:26:25 3.2 Microsoft Windows
00:28:21 3.3 Other
00:29:44 4 Components
00:30:10 4.1 Kernel
00:30:48 4.1.1 Program execution
00:31:38 4.1.2 Interrupts
00:33:55 4.1.3 Modes
00:36:33 4.1.4 Memory management
00:38:51 4.1.5 Virtual memory
00:40:18 4.1.6 Multitasking
00:42:50 4.1.7 Disk access and file systems
00:47:19 4.1.8 Device drivers
00:49:33 4.2 Networking
00:51:42 4.3 Security
00:55:59 4.4 User interface
00:56:53 4.4.1 Graphical user interfaces
00:59:26 5 Real-time operating systems
01:00:43 6 Operating system development as a hobby
01:01:48 7 Diversity of operating systems and portability
01:02:58 8 Market share



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SUMMARY
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An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.
Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, printing, and other resources.
For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware and frequently makes system calls to an OS function or is interrupted by it. Operating systems are found on many devices that contain a computer –  from cellular phones and video game consoles to web servers and supercomputers.
The dominant desktop operating system is Microsoft Windows with a market share of around 82.74%. macOS by Apple Inc. is in second place (13.23%), and the varieties of Linux are collectively in third place (1.57%). In the mobile (smartphone and tablet combined) sector, use in 2017 is up to 70% of Google's Android and according to third quarter 2016 data, Android on smartphones is dominant with 87.5 percent and a growth rate 10.3 percent per year, followed by Apple's iOS with 12.1 percent and a per year decrease in market share of 5.2 percent, while other operating systems amount to just 0.3 percent. Linux distributions are dominant in the server and supercomputing sectors. Other specialized classes of operating systems, such as embedded and real-time systems, exist for many applications.