Season | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 25/03/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Season


00:03:13 1 Causes and effects
00:03:23 1.1 Axial tilt
00:05:55 1.2 Elliptical Earth orbit
00:07:32 1.3 Maritime and hemispheric
00:09:07 1.4 Tropics
00:09:59 1.5 Mid-latitude thermal lag
00:11:15 2 Four-season calendar reckoning
00:12:16 2.1 Meteorological
00:15:25 2.2 Astronomical
00:17:53 2.2.1 Variation due to calendar misalignment
00:21:18 2.2.2 Change over time
00:22:24 2.3 Solar
00:25:24 3 Six-season calendar  reckoning
00:26:41 4 "Official" seasons
00:27:51 5 Non-calendar-based reckoning
00:28:54 5.1 Modern mid-latitude ecological
00:31:58 5.2 Indigenous ecological
00:34:26 5.3 Tropical
00:36:14 5.4 Polar
00:39:30 6 See also



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SUMMARY
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A season is a division of the year marked by changes in weather, ecology, and amount of daylight. On Earth, seasons result from Earth's orbit around the Sun and Earth's axial tilt relative to the ecliptic plane. In temperate and polar regions, the seasons are marked by changes in the intensity of sunlight that reaches the Earth's surface, variations of which may cause animals to undergo hibernation or to migrate, and plants to be dormant. Various cultures define the number and nature of seasons based on regional variations.
During May, June, and July, the Northern Hemisphere is exposed to more direct sunlight because the hemisphere faces the Sun. The same is true of the Southern Hemisphere in November, December, and January. It is Earth's axial tilt that causes the Sun to be higher in the sky during the summer months, which increases the solar flux. However, due to seasonal lag, June, July, and August are the warmest months in the Northern Hemisphere while December, January, and February are the warmest months in the Southern Hemisphere.
In temperate and subpolar regions, four seasons based on the Gregorian calendar are generally recognized: spring, summer, autumn or fall, and winter. The definition of seasons is also cultural. In India from the ancient times, six seasons or  Ritu based on south Asian religious or culteral calendars are recognised and identified even today for the purposes such as agriculture and trade. Ecologists often use a six-season model for temperate climate regions which are not tied to any fixed calendar dates: prevernal, vernal, estival, serotinal, autumnal, and hibernal. Many tropical regions have two seasons: the rainy, wet, or monsoon season and the dry season. Some have a third cool, mild, or harmattan season. Seasons often held special significance for agrarian societies, whose lives revolved around planting and harvest times, and the change of seasons was often attended by ritual.

In some parts of the world, some other "seasons" capture the timing of important ecological events such as hurricane season, tornado season, and wildfire season. The most historically important of these are the three seasons—flood, growth, and low water—which were previously defined by the former annual flooding of the Nile in Egypt.