Biological therapy for inflammatory bowel disease | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 18/02/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_therapy_for_inflammatory_bowel_disease


00:02:34 1 History
00:05:43 2 Rationale for biological therapy
00:08:16 3 TNF inhibitors
00:09:15 3.1 Infliximab
00:09:59 3.2 Adalimumab
00:10:50 3.3 Certolizumab pegol
00:11:47 3.4 Golimumab
00:12:20 4 Integrin receptor antagonists
00:13:23 4.1 Natalizumab
00:14:03 4.2 Vedolizumab
00:14:49 5 Interleukin antagonists
00:15:38 5.1 Ustekinumab
00:16:18 6 Biosimilars
00:17:49 7 Side effects and concerns
00:20:45 8 Research
00:22:49 9 See also



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SUMMARY
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Biological therapy, the use of medications called biopharmaceuticals or biologics that are tailored to specifically target an immune or genetic mediator of disease, plays a major role in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.    Even for diseases of unknown cause, molecules that are involved in the disease process have been identified, and can be targeted for biological therapy. Many of these molecules, which are mainly cytokines, are directly involved in the immune system.  Biological therapy has found a niche in the management of cancer,  autoimmune diseases, and diseases of unknown cause that result in symptoms due to immune related mechanisms.Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a collection of systemic diseases involving inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract,   includes two (or three) diseases of unknown causation: ulcerative colitis, which affects only the large bowel; Crohn's disease, which can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract; and indeterminate colitis, which consists of large bowel inflammation that shows elements of both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.Although the causes of these diseases are unknown, genetic, environmental, immune, and other mechanisms have been proposed. Of these, the immune system plays a large role in the development of symptoms. Given this, a variety of biological therapies (such as TNF inhibitors and interleukin antagonists) have been developed for the treatment of these diseases. Although the use of antibodies to treat diseases can be dated back to the 1800s, biologic therapy as we know it today is a relatively new concept for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.  The previous treatment options had many shortcomings, and the introduction of biological therapy changed the way physicians treat Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Even so, biologic therapy still has its faults such as high cost and risk of side effects. A lot of research is being done in fields like biosimilars and oral delivery to address these concerns.