Cassini-Huygens | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-07

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassini%E2%80%93Huygens


00:03:57 1 Overview
00:06:02 2 Naming
00:07:02 3 Objectives
00:10:43 3.1 Itinerary
00:10:52 4 History
00:14:37 5 Spacecraft design
00:18:39 6 Instruments
00:18:48 6.1 Summary
00:20:10 6.2 Description
00:31:46 7 Plutonium power source
00:35:00 8 Telemetry
00:36:57 9 iHuygens/i probe
00:39:21 10 Selected events and discoveries
00:39:32 10.1 Venus and Earth fly-bys and the cruise to Jupiter
00:41:09 10.2 Jupiter flyby
00:43:40 10.3 Tests of general relativity
00:45:23 10.4 New moons of Saturn
00:47:21 10.5 Phoebe flyby
00:48:24 10.6 Saturn rotation
00:49:33 10.7 Orbiting Saturn
00:51:04 10.8 Titan flybys
00:52:50 10.9 iHuygens/i lands on Titan
00:53:49 10.10 Enceladus flybys
00:57:23 10.11 Radio occultations of Saturn's rings
00:58:18 10.12 Spokes in rings verified
00:58:50 10.13 Lakes of Titan
00:59:43 10.14 Saturn hurricane
01:00:34 10.15 Iapetus flyby
01:01:16 10.16 Mission extension
01:02:03 10.17 Second mission extension
01:02:48 10.18 Great Storm of 2010 and aftermath
01:04:49 10.19 Venus transit
01:05:22 10.20 iThe Day the Earth Smiled/i
01:06:12 10.21 Rhea flyby
01:06:43 10.22 Hyperion flyby
01:07:08 10.23 Dione flyby
01:07:37 10.24 Hexagon changes color
01:08:20 11 Grand Finale and destruction
01:11:39 11.1 Missions
01:12:53 12 Glossary



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SUMMARY
=======
The Cassini–Huygens mission ( kə-SEE-nee HOY-gənz), commonly called Cassini, was a collaboration between NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI) to send a probe to study the planet Saturn and its system, including its rings and natural satellites. The Flagship-class robotic spacecraft comprised both NASA's Cassini probe, and ESA's Huygens lander which landed on Saturn's largest moon, Titan. Cassini was the fourth space probe to visit Saturn and the first to enter its orbit. The craft were named after astronomers Giovanni Cassini and Christiaan Huygens.
Launched aboard a Titan IVB/Centaur on October 15, 1997, Cassini was active in space for nearly 20 years, with 13 years spent orbiting Saturn, studying the planet and its system after entering orbit on July 1, 2004. The voyage to Saturn included flybys of Venus (April 1998 and July 1999), Earth (August 1999), the asteroid 2685 Masursky, and Jupiter (December 2000). Its mission ended on September 15, 2017, when Cassini's trajectory took it into Saturn's upper atmosphere and it burned up in order to prevent any risk of contaminating Saturn's moons, which might have offered habitable environments to stowaway terrestrial microbes on the spacecraft. The mission is widely perceived to have been successful beyond expectation. Cassini-Huygens has been described by NASA's Planetary Science Division Director as a "mission of firsts", that has revolutionized human understanding of the Saturn system, including its moons and rings, and our understanding of where life might be found in the Solar System.
Cassini's original mission was planned to last for four years, from June 2004 to May 2008. The mission was extended for another two years until September 2010, branded the Cassini Equinox Mission. The mission was extended a second and final time with the Cassini Solstice Mission, lasting another seven years until September 15, 2017, on which date Cassini was de-orbited to burn up in Saturn's upper atmosphere.
The Huygens module traveled with Cassini until its separation from the probe on December 25, 2004; it was landed by parachute on Titan on January 14, 2005. It returned data to Earth for around 90 minutes, using the orbiter as a relay. This was the first landing ever accomplished in the outer Solar System and the first landing on a moon other than Earth's Moon.
At the end of its mission, the Cassini spacecraft executed the "Grand Finale" of its missio ...