Consilience | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 15/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Consilience


00:01:21 1 Description
00:03:21 2 Significance
00:06:10 3 Deviations
00:07:22 4 In history
00:09:00 5 Outside the sciences
00:09:22 6 History of the concept
00:10:40 7 Edward O. Wilson
00:12:23 8 See also



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"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates



SUMMARY
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In science and history, consilience (also convergence of evidence or concordance of evidence) refers to the principle that evidence from independent, unrelated sources can "converge" on strong conclusions. That is, when multiple sources of evidence are in agreement, the conclusion can be very strong even when none of the individual sources of evidence is significantly so on its own. Most established scientific knowledge is supported by a convergence of evidence: if not, the evidence is comparatively weak, and there will not likely be a strong scientific consensus.
The principle is based on the unity of knowledge; measuring the same result by several different methods should lead to the same answer. For example, it should not matter whether one measures the distance between the Giza pyramid complex by laser rangefinding, by satellite imaging, or with a meter stick – in all three cases, the answer should be approximately the same. For the same reason, different dating methods in geochronology should concur, a result in chemistry should not contradict a result in geology, etc.
The word consilience was originally coined as the phrase "consilience of inductions" by William Whewell ("consilience" refers to a "jumping together" of knowledge). The word comes from Latin com- "together" and -siliens "jumping" (as in resilience).