Schism
Channel: English Unpacked
Date: 2023-10-16

The term "schism" refers to a division or split within a group, organization, or community, usually resulting from differences in beliefs, opinions, or practices. It represents a significant disagreement or conflict that leads to the formation of separate factions or parties within the group. This division often occurs when individuals or subgroups cannot find common ground on a particular issue and choose to separate rather than continue working together.
Examples of schisms can be found in various contexts, including religious, political, and social spheres:
1. Religious schism:
   - The Great Schism (1378-1417): This historical event marked the split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, resulting in two separate branches of Christianity.
   - The Protestant Reformation: In the 16th century, Martin Luther's criticisms of the Catholic Church led to a schism, resulting in the formation of Protestant denominations such as Lutheranism and Calvinism.
2. Political schism:
   - Brexit: The decision for the United Kingdom to leave the European Union in 2016 caused a significant schism within British society and politics, leading to divisions between those who supported leaving (Leave) and those who wanted to remain (Remain).
   - The American Civil War: The conflict between the Northern states (Union) and the Southern states (Confederacy) in the 19th century resulted in a schism that led to a four-year-long war.
3. Social schism:
   - Racial segregation: In the United States during the 20th century, racial tensions led to a schism between white and Black communities, resulting in the establishment of separate facilities, institutions, and neighborhoods for each group.
   - Feminism: Within the feminist movement, there have been schisms between different factions, such as radical feminism, liberal feminism, and intersectional feminism, due to varying beliefs and approaches to gender equality.
In each of these examples, a schism occurred when individuals or groups held incompatible beliefs or had irreconcilable differences, leading to a separation or division within the larger community or organization.