Pharmaceutical company | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-02

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry


00:00:35 1 History
00:00:44 1.1 Mid-1800s – 1945: From botanicals to the first synthetic drugs
00:02:11 1.1.1 Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and amphetamine
00:05:14 1.1.2 Discovery and development of the barbiturates
00:06:53 1.1.3 Insulin
00:08:49 1.1.4 Early anti-infective research: Salvarsan, Prontosil, Penicillin and vaccines
00:13:36 1.1.5 Unsafe drugs and early industry regulation
00:16:15 1.2 The post-war years, 1945–1970
00:16:27 1.2.1 Further advances in anti-infective research
00:21:14 1.2.2 Development and marketing of antihypertensive drugs
00:24:26 1.2.3 Oral Contraceptives
00:26:02 1.2.4 Thalidomide and the Kefauver-Harris Amendments
00:28:56 1.3 1970–1980s
00:29:07 1.3.1 Statins
00:31:24 2 Research and development
00:33:39 2.1 The cost of innovation
00:37:17 2.2 Controversies
00:40:24 3 Product approval
00:43:50 3.1 Orphan drugs
00:44:44 4 Global sales
00:46:34 4.1 Patents and generics
00:48:05 4.2 Prescriptions
00:48:44 5 Marketing
00:49:40 5.1 To healthcare professionals
00:50:14 5.2 Direct to consumer advertising
00:50:44 6 Controversy about drug marketing and lobbying
00:54:37 6.1 Regulatory issues
00:56:18 6.2 Pharmaceutical fraud
00:59:36 7 Developing world
00:59:45 7.1 Patents
01:02:26 7.2 Charitable programs
01:04:32 8 See also



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SUMMARY
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The pharmaceutical industry discovers, develops, produces, and markets drugs or pharmaceutical drugs for use as medications to be administered (or self-administered) to patients to cure them, vaccinate them, or alleviate a symptom.  Pharmaceutical companies may deal in generic or brand medications and medical devices. They are subject to a variety of laws and regulations that govern the patenting, testing, safety, efficacy and marketing of drugs.