Eastern Front of World War I | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-14

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_I)


00:03:27 1 Geography
00:04:29 2 Propaganda
00:05:32 3 Initial situation in belligerent countries
00:05:43 3.1 Germany
00:06:47 3.2 Romania
00:09:13 3.3 Russia
00:11:21 3.3.1 Russian propaganda
00:12:52 3.4 Austria-Hungary
00:16:42 4 Russia prior to 1914
00:18:47 4.1 First combat (August 1914)
00:20:50 5 1915
00:22:29 5.1 Russo-Turkish offensive, winter 1915–16
00:24:42 6 1916
00:25:21 6.1 Brusilov Offensive
00:27:25 6.2 Romania enters the war
00:32:20 6.3 Aftermath of 1916
00:33:00 7 1917
00:33:10 7.1 Russia – the February Revolution
00:34:58 7.2 Romania – the Summer Campaign and aftermath
00:37:20 7.3 Russia – the October Revolution
00:38:58 8 1918
00:41:16 8.1 Formation of the Red Army
00:42:05 8.2 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (March 1918)
00:43:49 9 Role of women on the Eastern Front
00:46:03 10 Prisoners of War in Russia
00:48:21 11 Disease on the Eastern Front
00:50:52 12 Casualties
00:52:18 13 Territorial changes
00:52:28 13.1 Austria
00:53:04 13.2 Czechoslovakia
00:54:23 13.3 Hungary
00:54:57 13.4 Italy
00:55:11 13.5 Poland
00:56:10 13.6 Romania
00:56:42 13.7 Yugoslavia
00:57:21 14 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
The Eastern Front or Eastern Theater of World War I (German: Ostfront, Russian: Восточный фронт, Vostochnıy front) was a theater of operations that encompassed at its greatest extent the entire frontier between the Russian Empire and Romania on one side and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire and the German Empire on the other. It stretched from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south, involved  most of Eastern Europe and stretched deep into Central Europe as well. The term contrasts with "Western Front", which was being fought in Belgium and France.
During 1910, Russian General Yuri Danilov developed "Plan 19" under which four armies would invade East Prussia. This plan was criticised as Austria-Hungary could be a greater threat than the German Empire. So instead of four armies invading East Prussia, the Russians planned to send two armies to East Prussia, and two armies to defend against Austro-Hungarian forces invading from Galicia. In the opening months of the war, the Imperial Russian Army attempted an invasion of eastern Prussia in the northwestern theater, only to be beaten back by the Germans after some initial success. At the same time, in the south, they successfully invaded Galicia, defeating the Austro-Hungarian forces there. In Russian Poland, the Germans failed to take Warsaw. But by 1915, the German and Austro-Hungarian armies were on the advance, dealing the Russians heavy casualties in Galicia and in Poland, forcing it to retreat. Grand Duke Nicholas was sacked from his position as the commander-in-chief and replaced by the Tsar himself. Several offensives against the Germans in 1916 failed, including Lake Naroch Offensive and the Baranovichi Offensive. However, General Aleksei Brusilov oversaw a highly successful operation against Austria-Hungary that became known as the Brusilov Offensive, which saw the Russian Army make large gains.The Kingdom of Romania entered the war in August 1916. The Entente promised the region of Transylvania (which was part of Austria-Hungary) in return for Romanian support. The Romanian Army invaded Transylvania and had initial successes, but was forced to stop and was pushed back by the Germans and Austro-Hungarians when Bulgaria attacked them in the south. Meanwhile, a revolution occurred in Russia in February 1917 (one of the several causes being the hardships of the war). Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate and a Russian Provisional Government was founded, with Georgy Lvov as its first leader, who was eventually replaced by Alexander Kerensky.
The newly for ...