Albanian National Awakening | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-18

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Albanian National Awakening


00:01:40 1 Background
00:01:49 1.1 1831–1878
00:03:33 1.2 Early revolts
00:06:56 2 History
00:07:05 2.1 Formation
00:21:22 2.2 Revolts of 1910 and 1911
00:25:40 2.3 Revolts of 1912
00:27:38 2.4 Independence
00:30:54 3 Culture
00:31:02 3.1 Arts
00:31:19 3.2 Literature
00:36:01 4 See also



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SUMMARY
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The Albanian National Awakening (Albanian: Rilindja Kombëtare), commonly known as the Albanian Renaissance or National Renaissance or National Revival, refers to a social, cultural and political movement in the history of Albania from the 19th century until the declaration of independence in 1912 that advocated the revival of Albanian culture, language, customs, and the creation of the country of Albania. The activists are called Revivalists (Albanian: Rilindas).There is some debate among experts regarding when the Albanian nationalist movement should be considered to have started. Some sources attribute its origins to the revolts against centralization in the 1830s, others to the publication of the first attempt by Naum Veqilharxhi at a standardized alphabet for Albanian in 1844, or to the collapse of the League of Prizren during the Eastern Crisis in 1881. Various compromise positions between these three theses have also emerged, such as one view positing that Albanian nationalism had foundations that dated earlier but "consolidated" as a movement during the Eastern Crisis (1878–1881). Another view is that Albanian nationalism's roots "sprouted" in the reforms of the first decades of the 19th century but Albanian nationalism emerged properly in the 1830s and 1840s as a romantic movement for societal reform that was initially mainly driven by Albanians publishing from abroad, and it transformed into an overt political national movement in the 1870s. On December 20, 1912, the Conference of Ambassadors in London recognized an independent Albania within its present-day borders.