Autism | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autism


00:02:26 1 Characteristics
00:03:33 1.1 Social development
00:06:01 1.2 Communication
00:07:51 1.3 Repetitive behavior
00:09:24 1.4 Other symptoms
00:11:49 2 Causes
00:15:58 3 Mechanism
00:17:48 4 Diagnosis
00:22:39 4.1 Classification
00:26:30 5 Screening
00:28:55 6 Prevention
00:29:15 7 Management
00:31:01 7.1 Education
00:33:36 7.2 Medication
00:35:19 7.3 Alternative medicine
00:38:17 8 Prognosis
00:39:47 9 Epidemiology
00:44:50 10 History
00:46:33 10.1 Clinical development and diagnoses
00:48:42 10.2 Terminology and distinction from schizophrenia
00:50:26 11 Society and culture
00:51:19 11.1 Autism rights movement
00:52:36 11.2 Employment



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SUMMARY
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Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. Parents usually notice signs during the first three years of their child's life. These signs often develop gradually, though some children with autism reach their developmental milestones at a normal pace before worsening.Autism is associated with a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Risk factors during pregnancy include certain infections, such as rubella, toxins including valproic acid, alcohol, cocaine, pesticides and air pollution, fetal growth restriction, and autoimmune diseases. Controversies surround other proposed environmental causes; for example, the vaccine hypothesis, which has been effectively dismissed. Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering connections and organization of nerve cells and their synapses. How this occurs is not well understood. In the DSM-5, autism and less severe forms of the condition, including Asperger syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), have been combined into the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Early behavioral interventions or speech therapy can help children with autism gain self-care, social, and communication skills. Although there is no known cure, there have been cases of children who recovered. Not many children with autism live independently after reaching adulthood, though some are successful. An autistic culture has developed, with some individuals seeking a cure and others believing autism should be accepted as a difference and not treated as a disorder.Globally, autism is estimated to affect 24.8 million people as of 2015. In the 2000s, the number of people affected was estimated at 1–2 per 1,000 people worldwide. In the developed countries, about 1.5% of children are diagnosed with ASD as of 2017. from 0.7% in 2000 in the United States. It occurs four-to-five times more often in males than females. The number of people diagnosed has increased dramatically since the 1960s, which may be partly due to changes in diagnostic practice. The question of whether actual rates have increased is unresolved.