Cannabis and the Lung
Channel: C0nc0rdance
Date: 2015-07-17

Part 2 of a continuing series on cannabis and cannabinoids.  This episode focuses on the effect of smoking cannabis joints on the lungs.

Citations:
1.  Cannabis smoke, chemical analysis
Chem Res Toxicol. 2008 Feb;21(2):494-502.
"A comparison of mainstream and sidestream marijuana and tobacco cigarette smoke produced under two machine smoking conditions."

2. Cannabis smoke, genotoxicity
Chem Res Toxicol. 2009 Aug;22(8):1406-14.
"The genotoxicity of mainstream and sidestream marijuana and tobacco smoke condensates."

3.  North Africa pooled lung cancer study
J Thorac Oncol. 2008 Dec;3(12):1398-403.
"Cannabis smoking and risk of lung cancer in men: a pooled analysis of three studies in Maghreb."
http://journals.lww.com/jto/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2008&issue=12000&article=00007&type=abstract

4.  New Zealand Cancer Registry case-control study
Eur Respir J. 2008 Feb;31(2):280-6.
Cannabis use and risk of lung cancer: a case-control study.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2516340/

5.  The UCLA study
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006 Oct;15(10):1829-34.
"Marijuana use and the risk of lung and upper aerodigestive tract cancers: results of a population-based case-control study."
http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/15/10/1829.long

6.  The pooled ILCC study
Int J Cancer. 2015 Feb 15;136(4):894-903.
"Cannabis smoking and lung cancer risk: Pooled analysis in the International Lung Cancer Consortium."
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ijc.29036/abstract

7.  Bronchoalveolar lavage in tobacco and marijuana smokers with matched controls
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 Jun;135(6):1271-5.
"Differential examination of bronchoalveolar lavage cells in tobacco cigarette and marijuana smokers."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3592403

Generally useful background reading:
8.  Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2013 Jun;10(3):239-47.
"Effects of marijuana smoking on the lung."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23802821

9.  Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2005 Jun;63(2):93-100.
"Smoked marijuana as a cause of lung injury."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16128224

10.  J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Nov;42(11 Suppl):71S-81S.
"Respiratory and immunologic consequences of marijuana smoking."
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/j.1552-4604.2002.tb06006.x/abstract

11.  Eur Respir J. 2010 Jan;35(1):42-7.
"Effects of cannabis on lung function: a population-based cohort study."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3805041/

12.  Thorax. 2007 Dec;62(12):1058-63. Epub 2007 Jul 31.
"Effects of cannabis on pulmonary structure, function and symptoms."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2094297/

13. Addiction. 2000 Nov;95(11):1669-77.
"The respiratory effects of cannabis dependence in young adults."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11219370

14.  Expert Rev Respir Med. 2011 Aug;5(4):537-46
"Effects of smoking cannabis on lung function."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21859273

15.  Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2014 Mar;20(2):173-9.
"Marijuana and lung diseases."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24384575

16.  Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1991 Nov;40(3):629-36.
"Marijuana and tobacco smoke gas-phase cytotoxins."

17.  Respirology. 2014 Jul;19(5):655-62.
"Cannabis smoking and respiratory health: consideration of the literature."
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.12298/abstract

18.  J Immunol. 2015 Jun 1;194(11):5211-22.
"Critical Role of Mast Cells and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ in the Induction of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells by Marijuana Cannabidiol In Vivo."
http://www.jimmunol.org/content/194/11/5211.long

19.  Eur J Immunol. 2010 Dec;40(12):3358-71.
"Cannabinoid receptor activation leads to massive mobilization of myeloid-derived suppressor cells with potent immunosuppressive properties."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3076065/

20.  Toxicology. 2013 Jun 7;308:60-73.
"A global toxicogenomic analysis investigating the mechanistic differences between tobacco and marijuana smoke condensates in vitro."
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300483X1300070X