History of the United States Republican Party | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
History of the United States Republican Party


00:03:31 1 Ideological beginnings
00:07:27 2 Organizational beginnings
00:08:22 3 Establishing a national party and opposition
00:10:57 4 Civil War and Republican dominance: 1860–1896
00:12:46 4.1 Reconstruction: freedmen, carpetbaggers and scalawags
00:17:10 4.2 Gilded Age: 1877–1890
00:19:39 4.3 Ethnocultural politics: pietistic Republicans versus liturgical Democrats
00:22:04 5 Progressive Era: 1896–1932
00:28:04 6 Progressives and liberals
00:31:33 7 Political firsts for women and minorities
00:33:38 8 Fighting the New Deal coalition: 1932–1980
00:34:53 8.1 1933–1938
00:39:00 8.2 1939–1952
00:42:48 8.3 Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard Nixon: 1952–1974
00:43:57 8.4 Citizens for Eisenhower
00:45:58 8.5 Richard Nixon and Barry Goldwater
00:50:55 8.6 Moderate Republicans of 1960–1980
00:54:34 8.7 Realignment: the South becomes Republican
00:55:59 8.7.1 1964–1972
00:58:15 8.7.1.1 Southern strategy
01:02:48 9 From Ronald Reagan to the Bush: 1980–2008
01:03:01 9.1 Reagan Revolution
01:06:37 9.2 Congressional ascendancy in 1994
01:09:52 9.3 Neoconservatives
01:11:00 9.4 Second Bush era
01:16:43 10 Challenging the Barack Obama administration: 2009–2016
01:19:39 10.1 2012–2016
01:24:10 11 2016 elections and presidency of Donald Trump
01:28:49 11.1 Demographic shifts since 2009
01:30:06 12 See also
01:30:33 13 Notes



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SUMMARY
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The Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP (abbreviation for Grand Old Party), is one of the world's oldest extant political parties. The party values reflect economic conservatism, classical conservatism (modern day American conservatism) and corporate liberty rights. It is the second oldest existing political party in the United States after its primary rival, the Democratic Party. The party emerged in 1854 to combat the Kansas–Nebraska Act, an act that dissolved the terms of the Missouri Compromise and allowed slave or free status to be decided in the territories by popular sovereignty. The early Republican Party had almost no presence in the Southern United States, but by 1858 it had enlisted former Whigs and former Free Soil Democrats to form majorities in nearly every Northern state.
With its election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 and its success in guiding the Union to victory in the American Civil War and abolishing slavery, the party came to dominate the national political scene until 1932. The Republican Party at its beginning consisted of African-American and White Northern Protestants, businessmen, small business owners, professionals, factory workers, and farmers. It was pro-business, supporting banks, the gold standard, railroads and high tariffs to protect factory workers and grow industry faster. Under William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt, it emphasized an expansive foreign policy.
The GOP lost its majorities during the Great Depression (1929–1940). Instead, the Democrats under Franklin D. Roosevelt formed a winning New Deal coalition, which was dominant from 1932 through 1964. That coalition collapsed in the mid-1960s, partly because of white Southern Democrats' disaffection with the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Republicans won five of the six presidential elections from 1968 to 1988, with Ronald Reagan as the party's iconic conservative hero. From 1992 to 2016, the Republican candidate has been elected to the White House in three of the seven presidential elections. Two of these (the 2000 and 2016 elections) saw George W. Bush and Donald Trump losing the popular vote, but winning the Electoral College. A similar situation in which Republicans won the Electoral College, but lost the popular vote were the 1876 and 1888 elections.
The Republican Party expanded its base throughout the South after 1968 (excepting 1976), largely due to its strength among socially conservative white evangelical Protestants and traditionalist Roman Catholics. As white Democrats in th ...