Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-06

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze


00:01:44 1 Childhood and early career
00:03:24 2 Habsburg service
00:05:14 3 French Revolutionary Wars
00:06:50 3.1 War of First Coalition
00:09:07 3.2 Peace and the Congress of Rastatt
00:11:41 3.3 Outbreak of war in 1799
00:14:39 3.4 War of the Second Coalition
00:16:21 3.5 First Battle of Zurich
00:17:45 3.6 Death at Second Battle of Zurich
00:19:36 4 Consequences of Hotze's death
00:20:55 5 Sources
00:21:04 5.1 Citations and notes
00:21:13 5.2 Bibliography



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SUMMARY
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Friedrich Freiherr (Baron) von Hotze (20 April 1739 – 25 September 1799), was a Swiss-born general in the Austrian army during the French Revolutionary Wars, campaigned in the Rhineland during the War of the First Coalition and in Switzerland in the War of the Second Coalition, notably at Battle of Winterthur in late May 1799, and the First Battle of Zurich in early June 1799. He was killed at the Second Battle of Zurich.
Hotze was born on 20 April 1739 in Richterswil in the Canton of Zürich, in the Old Swiss Confederacy (present-day Switzerland).  As a boy, he graduated from the Carolinum in Zürich and pursued studies at the University of Tübingen. In 1758, he entered the military service of the Duke of Württemberg, and was promoted to captain of cavalry; he campaigned in the Seven Years' War, but saw no combat. Later, he served in the Russian army in Russia's War with Turkey, (1768–74).
His persistent attentiveness to Joseph II garnered for him a commission in the Austrian imperial army, and he served in the brief War of the Bavarian Succession (1778–79). A diligent and creative commander, he rose quickly through the ranks.  His campaigning in the War of the First Coalition, particularly at the Battle of Würzburg, earned him the Knight's Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa and, in 1798, the Commander's Cross. Archduke Charles placed him in full command of the center of the Austrian line at the First Battle of Zurich in 1799.  He was killed by French musket fire in the morning mist near Schänis, in Canton of St. Gallen on 25 September 1799.