How To Build Simple Electric Motor and History of Electric Motor #dcmotor #energy #howto
Channel: Free Energy
Date: 2022-11-20

In an electric motor, electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy in order for the motor to operate. A motor's magnetic field interacts with an electric current in a wire winding in order to generate force in the form of torque that is applied to the shaft of the motor. This is how electric motors work. 
The electric generator is mechanically identical to an electric motor, but it converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by reversing the flow of power.
Direct current (DC) motors are powered by batteries, rectifiers, or power grids, or alternating current (AC) motors are powered by inverters, generators, or power grids.
It is possible to classify electric motors according to their power source type, construction, application, and type of motion output. 
For industrial applications, standardized motors provide a convenient mechanical power source that can be used for ship propulsion, pipeline compression, and pumped storage systems with outputs that exceed 100 megawatts.
An electric motor is generally designed for continuous rotation or linear movement over a significant distance, as opposed to its size. An electric motor is generally designed to propel external mechanisms, such as a fan or elevator. 
Electrical power can also be converted into mechanical motion by magnetic solenoids, but they can only produce motion over a limited distance.
The first demonstration of electromagnetic energy being converted into motion was Faraday's electromagnetic experiment, in 1821.
Electrostatic motors were investigated at the beginning of the twentieth century before the development of modern electromagnetic engines.
Benjamin Franklin and Scottish monk Andrew Gordon described the first electric motors in the 1740s with simple electrostatic devices.
The theoretical principle behind them, Coulomb's law, was discovered but not published, by Henry Cavendish in 1771. 
It was discovered independently by Charles-Augustin de Coulomb in 1785, who published it so that it is known by his name today.
Due to the difficulty of generating the high voltages they required, electrostatic motors were never used for practical purposes.
Alessandro Volta invented the electrochemical battery in 1799, allowing persistent electric currents to be produced.
Hans Christian Orsted discovered in 1820 that an electric current creates a magnetic field, which can exert a force on a magnet. In just a few weeks, André-Marie Ampère developed his first formulation of the electromagnetic interaction and presented his Ampère's force law, which describes how a current and a magnetic field produce mechanical force.
In the basement of the Royal Institution, Michael Faraday demonstrated the effect of rotary motion for the first time on 3 September 1821.
As a current was passed through a free-hanging wire dipped in mercury, the wire rotated around the permanent magnet, demonstrating that the current created a close circular magnetic field.
His findings were published in the Quarterly Journal of Science, and he sent pocket-sized models of his device to colleagues around the world so they too could witness electromagnetic rotations.
Barlow's wheel was an early refinement of Faraday's demonstration, although homopolar motors and similar designs remained unsuitable for practical use until the late nineteenth century.
A Hungarian physicist named Nyos Jedlik started experimenting with electromagnetic coils after solving the technical problems of continuous rotation with the commutator. 
While only used for teaching, Jedlik demonstrated the first DC motor containing the three main components: stator, rotor, and commutator in 1828.
In this device, the magnetic fields of both the stationary and revolving components were produced solely by the current flowing through their windings.
In 1832, William Sturgeon invented the first DC electric motor with a commutator capable of turning machinery.
Following Sturgeon's work, a commutator-type direct-current electric motor was built by American inventor Thomas Davenport and Emily Davenport, which he patented in 1837. 
The motors ran up to 600 revolutions per minute and powered machine tools and a printing press. Due to the high cost of primary battery power, the motors were commercially unsuccessful and bankrupted Davenport. 
It developed a remarkably high rate of mechanical output power and Jacobi improved his motor four years later in September 1838 so that it could drive a boat with 14 passengers across a wide river with its impressive mechanical output power. His motor set a world record and was improved four years later. 
It was also in 1839 that other developers managed to build motors with similar and then higher performance.
#dcmotor #energy #howto