Kliper | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 05/05/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kliper


00:00:50 1 Development
00:00:59 1.1 Announcement of the program
00:02:03 1.2 Early search for support
00:04:36 1.3 Estimated costs
00:06:38 1.4 First launch and target for regular flights
00:07:54 1.5 ESA's part in Kliper — uncertainty over European cooperation
00:12:13 1.6 Russian Space Agency's tender for Kliper
00:14:59 2 Design
00:15:20 2.1 Overview
00:16:46 2.2 Lifting body design
00:18:47 2.3 Using a space tug
00:19:40 2.4 Final version of Energia's proposal
00:20:23 3 Missions
00:22:16 4 Carrier rockets
00:24:29 5 See also



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Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-C


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SUMMARY
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Kliper (Клипер, English: Clipper) was an early-2000s proposed partly- reusable manned spacecraft concept by RSC Energia. Due to lack of funding from the ESA and RSA, the project was indefinitely postponed by 2006.
Designed primarily to replace the Soyuz spacecraft, Kliper was proposed in two versions: as a pure lifting body design and as spaceplane with small wings. In either case, the craft would have been able to glide into the atmosphere at an angle that produces much less stress on the human occupants than the current Soyuz. Kliper was intended to be designed to be able to carry up to six people and to perform ferry services between Earth and the International Space Station.