Color science | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-31

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color


00:02:53 1 Physics of color
00:04:10 1.1 Spectral colors
00:05:56 1.2 Color of objects
00:09:32 2 Perception
00:09:41 2.1 Development of theories of color vision
00:11:50 2.2 Color in the eye
00:15:11 2.3 Color in the brain
00:16:37 2.4 Nonstandard color perception
00:16:48 2.4.1 Color deficiency
00:17:36 2.4.2 Tetrachromacy
00:19:04 2.4.3 Synesthesia
00:19:51 2.5 Afterimages
00:20:43 2.6 Color constancy
00:22:26 2.7 Color naming
00:24:04 2.8 Associations
00:25:00 3 Spectral colors and color reproduction
00:30:14 3.1 Additive coloring
00:30:42 3.2 Subtractive coloring
00:31:59 3.3 Structural color
00:34:16 4 Additional terms



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SUMMARY
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Color (American English), or colour (Commonwealth English), is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color categories, with names such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, or purple. This perception of color derives from the stimulation of cone cells in the human eye by electromagnetic radiation in the visible spectrum. Color categories and physical specifications of color are associated with objects through the wavelength of the light that is reflected from them. This reflection is governed by the object's physical properties such as light absorption, emission spectra, etc.
By defining a color space, colors can be identified numerically by coordinates, which in 1931 were also named in global agreement with internationally agreed color names like mentioned above (red, orange, etc.) by the International Commission on Illumination. The RGB color space for instance is a color space corresponding to human trichromacy and to the three cone cell types that respond to three bands of light: long wavelengths, peaking near 564–580 nm (red); medium-wavelength, peaking near 534–545 nm (green); and short-wavelength light, near 420–440 nm (blue).    There may also be more than three color dimensions in other color spaces, such as in the CMYK color model, wherein one of the dimensions relates to a color's colorfulness).
The photo-receptivity of the "eyes" of other species also varies considerably from that of humans and so results in correspondingly different color perceptions that cannot readily be compared to one another.  Honeybees and bumblebees for instance have trichromatic color vision sensitive to ultraviolet but is insensitive to red.  Papilio butterflies possess six types of photoreceptors and may have pentachromatic vision. The most complex color vision system in the animal kingdom has been found in stomatopods (such as the mantis shrimp) with up to 12 spectral receptor types thought to work as multiple dichromatic units.The science of color is sometimes called chromatics, colorimetry, or simply color science. It includes the study of the perception of color by the human eye and brain, the origin of color in materials, color theory in art, and the physics of electromagnetic radiation in the visible range (that is, what is commonly referred to simply as light).