Technology policy | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-11

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_policy


00:02:09 1 Technological determinism
00:06:02 2 Technology policy and economics
00:09:22 3 Issues
00:09:51 4 Policy schools
00:10:11 4.1 Engineering
00:11:10 4.2 Information technology
00:11:55 4.3 Science and technology
00:12:29 5 See also



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- Socrates


SUMMARY
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There are several approaches to defining the substance and scope of technology policy.
According to the American scientist and policy advisor Lewis M. Branscomb, technology policy concerns the "public means for nurturing those capabilities and optimizing their applications in the service of national goals and interests". Branscomb defines technology in this context as "the aggregation of capabilities, facilities, skills, knowledge, and organization required to successfully create a useful service or product".Other scholars differentiate between technology policy and science policy, suggesting that the former is about "the support, enhancement and development of technology", while the latter focuses on "the development of science and the training of scientists".  Rigas Arvanitis, at the Institut de Recherche pour le développement (IRD) in France, suggests that "science and technology policy covers all the public sector measures designed for the creation, funding, support and mobilisation of scientific and technological resources".Technology policy is a form of 'active industrial policy', and effectively argues, based on the empirical facts of technological development as observed across various societies, industries and time periods, that markets rarely decide industrial fortunes in and of their own and state-intervention or support is required to overcome standard cases of market-failure (which may include, for example, under-funding of Research & Development in highly competitive markets).Technology policy may be more broadly defined. Michael G. Pollitt offers a multidisciplinary approach with social science and humanities perspective on "Good" policy.