Counter-Enlightenment | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-Enlightenment


00:00:47 1 Development and significant people
00:00:57 1.1 Early stages
00:02:09 1.2 Isaiah Berlin
00:03:36 1.3 Darrin McMahon
00:04:35 1.4 Graeme Garrard
00:06:22 1.5 James Schmidt
00:07:11 2 The French Revolution
00:09:02 3 Romanticism
00:11:13 4 Totalitarianism
00:13:22 5 See also



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"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates


SUMMARY
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The Counter-Enlightenment was a term that some 20th-century commentators have used to describe multiple strains of thought that arose in the late 18th and early 19th centuries in opposition to the 18th-century Enlightenment.
Though the first known use of the term in English was in 1949 and there were several uses of it, including one by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, Counter-Enlightenment is usually associated with Isaiah Berlin, who is often credited for re-inventing it. The starting point of discussion on this concept in English started with Isaiah Berlin's 1973 Essay, The Counter-Enlightenment. He published widely about the Enlightenment and its challengers and did much to popularise the concept of a Counter-Enlightenment movement that he characterized as relativist, anti-rationalist, vitalist, and organic,  which he associated most closely with German Romanticism.