Caste (biology) | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 03/05/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eusociality


00:01:45 1 History
00:05:24 2 Taxonomic range
00:05:42 2.1 In insects
00:12:36 2.2 In crustaceans
00:14:26 2.3 In mammals
00:16:05 2.4 In humans
00:17:06 3 Evolution
00:17:15 3.1 Phylogenetic distribution
00:18:17 3.2 Paradox
00:19:33 3.3 Inclusive fitness and haplodiploidy
00:22:04 3.4 Ecology
00:25:44 3.5 Multilevel selection
00:26:35 3.6 Reversal to solitarity
00:28:01 4 Physiological and developmental mechanisms
00:28:31 4.1 Involvement of pheromones
00:33:51 4.2 Other strategies
00:38:29 5 See also



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
Speaking Rate: 0.8041416460513685
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D


"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
Eusociality (from Greek εὖ eu "good" and social), the highest level of organization of sociality, is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping generations within a colony of adults, and a division of labor into reproductive and non-reproductive groups. The division of labor creates specialized behavioral groups within an animal society which are sometimes called castes. Eusociality is distinguished from all other social systems because individuals of at least one caste usually lose the ability to perform at least one behavior characteristic of individuals in another caste.
Eusociality exists in certain insects, crustaceans and mammals.  It is mostly observed and studied in the Hymenoptera (ants, bees, and wasps) and in termites. A colony has caste differences: Queens and reproductive males take the roles of the sole reproducers, while soldiers and workers work together to create a living situation favorable for the brood. In addition to Hymenoptera and Isoptera, there are two known eusocial vertebrates among rodents: the naked mole-rat and the Damaraland mole-rat. Some shrimps, such as Synalpheus regalis, are also eusocial. E. O. Wilson and others have claimed that humans have evolved a weak form of eusociality (e.g., with menopause), but these arguments have been disputed.