Why did the Indian GSLV-F10 launch mission fail?
Channel: CM News
Date: 14/08/2021

ISRO said that the cryogenic stage on the GSLV-F10 failed to ignite “due to technical anomaly" and the “mission couldn’t be accomplished as intended". That means the rocket would have fallen back to Earth with an expert telling Spaceflight Now that “any debris that survived re-entry likely fell into the Andaman Sea

The Indian Research Organisation (Isro) suffered a setback Thursday after its Earth Observation Satellite (EOS-03) could not be deployed due to a "technical anomaly". The failure is a major setback for the space agency, which had been looking to regain momentum and time lost due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the associated lockdowns.

"GSLV-F10 launch took place today at 0543 Hrs IST as scheduled. Performance of the first and second stages was normal. However, Cryogenic Upper Stage ignition did not happen due to technical anomaly. The mission couldn't be accomplished as intended," Isro said.

The 51.70-metre tall rocket GSLV-F10/EOS-03 successfully lifted off from the second launch pad at the Sriharikota spaceport as planned at 05.43 am. The Launch Authorisation Board cleared the decks for a normal lift-off with engineers happy with the blastoff.

"Performance anomaly observed in the cryogenic stage. The mission could not be accomplished fully," the range operations director announced in the Mission Control Centre.


What is GSLV Mk-II?

Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark-II (GSLV Mk II) is one of the largest launch vehicles developed by India. A fourth-generation launch vehicle, it is a three-stage rocket with four liquid strap-ons. The third stage, that led to Isro's recent failure, consists of the homegrown Cryogenic Upper Stage.

According to Isro, a cryogenic rocket stage is more efficient and provides more thrust for every kilogram of propellant it burns. During the flight, the upper stage fires for a nominal duration of 720 seconds. "Cryogenic stage is technically a very complex system compared to solid or earth-storable liquid propellant stages due to its use of propellants at extremely low temperatures and the associated thermal and structural problems," Isro has said.

The GSLV has the capability of placing up to 5 tonnes of payload into Low Earth Orbit (LEO), and 2.5 tonnes in the Geosynchronous Transfer Orbits. The Thursday launch was intended to place the EOS-03 into the Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit.

This was the first launch for GSLV after the 2019 Chandrayaan-2 mission. An advanced variant of the GSLV -- Mk-III -- was used to lift off the lunar mission, which ended in part failure after the lander and rover combo crashed on the far side of the Moon. However, the orbiter was successfully deployed


GSLV failure to have an impact on India's human space mission

The failure of Indian rocket Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle-F10s (GSLV-F10) cryogenic engine midway during a mission on Thursday will have its impact on India's ambitious moon mission.

India presently has three fully operational rockets -- the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and two GSLV variants - GSLV-Mk II with a carrying capacity of 2.5 tonnes and GSLV-MkIII with a payload capacity of four tonnes.


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