Romanticism in science | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-25

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanticism_in_science


00:01:31 1 Romantic science vs. Enlightenment science
00:03:06 2 Principles of Romanticism
00:05:22 3 Important works in Romantic science
00:06:48 4 iNaturphilosophie/i
00:07:18 4.1 Biology
00:08:38 4.2 Goethe
00:09:20 4.3 Humboldt
00:09:54 4.4 Natural history
00:11:00 4.5 Mathematics
00:12:04 4.6 Physics
00:13:08 4.7 Astronomy
00:13:34 4.8 Chemistry
00:14:33 4.8.1 Organic chemistry
00:15:03 5 Popular image of science
00:16:01 6 Decline of Romanticism
00:16:19 7 See also



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"There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance."
- Socrates



SUMMARY
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Romanticism (or the Age of Reflection, c. 1800–40) was an intellectual movement that originated in Western Europe as a counter-movement to the late-18th-century Enlightenment.  Romanticism incorporated many fields of study, including politics, the arts, and the humanities, but it also greatly influenced 19th-century science.In contrast to Enlightenment mechanistic natural philosophy, European scientists of the Romantic period held that observing nature implied understanding the self and that knowledge of nature "should not be obtained by force".  They felt that the Enlightenment had encouraged the abuse of the sciences, and they sought to advance a new way to increase scientific knowledge, one that they felt would be more beneficial not only to mankind but to nature as well.Romanticism advanced a number of themes: it promoted anti-reductionism (that the whole is more valuable than the parts alone) and epistemological optimism (man was connected to nature), and encouraged creativity, experience, and genius. It also emphasized the scientist's role in scientific discovery, holding that acquiring knowledge of nature meant understanding man as well; therefore, these scientists placed a high importance on respect for nature.Romanticism declined beginning around 1840 as a new movement, positivism, took hold of intellectuals, and lasted until about 1880.  As with the intellectuals who earlier had become disenchanted with the Enlightenment and had sought a new approach to science, people now lost interest in Romanticism and sought to study science using a stricter process.