Compound word | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-02-07

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_(linguistics)


00:01:48 1 Formation of compounds
00:06:08 2 Subclasses
00:06:18 2.1 Semantic classification
00:08:29 2.2 Syntactic classification
00:08:39 2.2.1 Noun–noun compounds
00:09:49 2.2.2 Verb–noun compounds
00:12:06 2.2.3 Verb–verb compounds
00:16:51 2.2.4 Compound adpositions
00:17:30 3 Examples from different languages
00:22:22 3.1 Germanic languages
00:22:35 3.2 Russian language
00:26:39 3.3 Sanskrit language
00:29:30 4 Recent trends
00:31:16 5 Compounding by language
00:34:47 6 See also
00:37:14 7 Notes
00:37:33 8 References



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SUMMARY
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In linguistics, a compound is a lexeme (less precisely, a word) that consists of more than one stem. Compounding, composition or nominal composition is the process of word formation that creates compound lexemes. That is, in familiar terms, compounding occurs when two or more words are joined to make one longer word. The meaning of the compound may be similar to or different from the meaning of its components in isolation. The component stems of a compound may be of the same part of speech—as in the case of the English word footpath, composed of the two nouns foot and path—or they may belong to different parts of speech, as in the case of the English word blackbird, composed of the adjective black and the noun bird.  With very few exceptions, English compound words are stressed on their first component stem.
The process occurs readily in other Germanic languages for different reasons.  Words can be concatenated both to mean the same as the sum of two words (e.g. Pressekonferenz—German for press conference) or where an adjective and noun are compounded (e.g. hvidvinsglas—Danish for white wine glass).
The addition of affix morphemes to words (such as suffixes or prefixes, as in employ → employment) should not be confused with nominal composition, as this is actually morphological derivation.
Some languages easily form compounds from what in other languages would be a multi-word expression. This can result in unusually long words, a phenomenon known in German (which is one such language) as Bandwurmwörter or tapeworm words.