TCP Vs UDP ICND1 1.2
Channel: Practical IT
Date: 2017-03-02

Here are the definitions for the TCP segment.
Source Port: The port number of the application on the host sending the data. 
Destination port: Port number of the application requested on the destination host. 
Sequence number: A number used by TCP that puts the data back in the correct order or retransmits missing or damaged data, called sequencing. 
Acknowledgement number: The TCP octet that is expected next
Head Length/Data Offset: number of 32 bit words in the TCP header. Indicates where the data begins. 
Reserved: always set to 0.
Code Bits: Control functions used to set up and terminate a session
Window: window size the sender is willing to accept. 
Checksum:  Cyclic redundancy check(CRC) because TCP doesn’t trust the lower layers and checks everything. Checks header and data fields
Urgent: Only valid if the urgent pointer in the code bits is set. If so this value indicates the offset from the current sequence number in octets, where the first segment of non urgent data begins. 
Options: May be 0 or a multiple of 32 bits if any. No options have to be present. If options are set and do not equal 32 a padding of 0’s are used to get 32 bits.
Data: handed down to the TCP protocol at the transport layer which included upper layer headers. 

Definition for UDP segment:
Source port: port number of the application on the host sending the data. 
Destination port: Port number of the application requested on the destination host. 
Length: length of the UDP data
Checksum: Checksum of both the UDP header and UDP data fields
Data: upper layer data.


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