List of popes | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-03-26

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_popes


00:02:27 1 Chronological list
00:02:36 1.1 1st millennium
00:02:44 1.1.1 1st century
00:02:52 1.1.2 2nd century
00:03:00 1.1.3 3rd century
00:03:08 1.1.4 4th century
00:03:16 1.1.5 5th century
00:03:24 1.1.6 6th century
00:03:32 1.1.7 7th century
00:03:40 1.1.8 8th century
00:03:48 1.1.9 9th century
00:03:56 1.1.10 10th century
00:04:04 1.2 2nd millennium
00:04:13 1.2.1 11th century
00:04:21 1.2.2 12th century
00:04:29 1.2.3 13th century
00:04:37 1.2.4 14th century
00:04:45 1.2.5 15th century
00:05:08 1.2.6 16th century
00:05:16 1.2.7 17th century
00:05:24 1.2.8 18th century
00:05:32 1.2.9 19th century
00:05:41 1.2.10 20th century
00:05:49 1.3 3rd millennium
00:05:57 1.3.1 21st century
00:06:06 1.4 Notes
00:06:14 1.5 Religious orders
00:06:33 2 Notes on numbering of popes



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SUMMARY
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This chronological list of popes corresponds to that given in the Annuario Pontificio under the heading "I Sommi Pontefici Romani" (The Supreme Pontiffs of Rome), excluding those that are explicitly indicated as antipopes. Published every year by the Roman Curia, the Annuario Pontificio attaches no consecutive numbers to the popes, stating that it is impossible to decide which side represented at various times the legitimate succession, in particular regarding Pope Leo VIII, Pope Benedict V and some mid-11th-century popes. The 2001 edition of the Annuario Pontificio introduced "almost 200 corrections to its existing biographies of the popes, from St Peter to John Paul II". The corrections concerned dates, especially in the first two centuries, birthplaces and the family name of one pope.The term pope (Latin: papa, lit. 'father') is used in several Churches to denote their high spiritual leaders (for example Coptic Pope). This title in English usage usually refers to the head of the Catholic Church. The Catholic pope uses various titles by tradition, including Summus Pontifex, Pontifex Maximus, and Servus servorum Dei. Each title has been added by unique historical events and unlike other papal prerogatives, is not incapable of modification.Hermannus Contractus may have been the first historian to number the popes continuously. His list ends in 1049 with Pope Leo IX as number 154. Several changes were made to the list during the 20th century. Antipope Christopher was considered legitimate for a long time. Pope-elect Stephen was considered legitimate under the name Stephen II until the 1961 edition, when his name was erased. Although these changes are no longer controversial, a number of modern lists still include this "first Pope Stephen II". It is probable that this is because they are based on the 1913 edition of the Catholic Encyclopedia, which is in the public domain.
A significant number of these popes have been recognized as saints, including 48 out of the first 50 consecutive popes, and others are in the sainthood process. Of the first 31 popes, 28 died as martyrs (see List of murdered popes).