Biological effects of radiation on the epigenome | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 03/05/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_effects_of_radiation_on_the_epigenome


00:01:13 1 Radiation exposure in everyday life
00:02:18 1.1 Radiation and medical imaging
00:04:05 2 Target theory
00:06:04 2.1 The basic ballistic models
00:06:14 2.1.1 The single-target single-hit model
00:07:00 2.1.1.1 The n-target single-hit model
00:08:01 2.2 The linear quadratic model
00:08:53 2.2.1 The three lambda model
00:10:08 2.2.2 The linear-quadratic-cubic model
00:10:55 2.3 Sublesions hypothesis models
00:11:05 2.3.1 The repair-misrepair model
00:12:18 2.3.2 The lethal-potentially lethal model
00:13:57 2.3.3 The saturable repair model
00:15:36 3 Cellular environment and radiation hormesis
00:15:48 3.1 Radiation hormesis
00:16:18 3.2 Radiation-Induced Bystander Effect (RIBE)
00:17:48 4 Radiation and oxidative stress
00:17:59 4.1 Formation of ROS
00:20:08 4.2 Activation of NOS
00:20:56 4.3 Mechanism of oxidative stress and epigenetic gene regulation
00:21:59 4.3.1 ROS-mediated protein adduct formation
00:22:43 4.3.2 ROS-mediated DNA methylation changes
00:24:59 4.3.3 ROS-mediated post-translation modification
00:27:00 4.3.4 ROS-mediated loss of epigenetic imprinting
00:28:28 5 Mechanisms of epigenetic modifications
00:28:58 5.1 Ionizing radiation and DNA methylation
00:29:10 5.1.1 Genomic instability via hypomethylation of LINE1
00:30:24 5.1.2 Ionizing radiation and histone modification
00:31:11 5.1.3 Loss of methylation via repair mechanisms
00:32:01 6 Clinical consequences and applications
00:32:13 6.1 Epigenetic affects on a developing brain
00:33:26 6.2 MGMT- and LINE1- specific DNA methylation
00:34:53 6.3 Treatment by DNMT inhibitors



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
Speaking Rate: 0.8674665476090146
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-A


"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
Ionizing radiation can cause biological effects which are passed on to offspring through the epigenome. The effects of radiation on cells has been found to be dependent on the dosage of the radiation, the location of the cell in regards to tissue, and whether the cell is a somatic or germ line cell. Generally, ionizing radiation appears to reduce methylation of DNA in cells.Ionizing radiation has been known to cause damage to cellular components such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. It has also been known to cause DNA double-strand breaks. Accumulation of DNA double strand breaks can lead to cell cycle arrest in somatic cells and cause cell death. Due to its ability to induce cell cycle arrest, ionizing radiation is used on abnormal growths in the human body such as cancer cells, in radiation therapy. Most cancer cells are fully treated with some type of radiotherapy, however some cells such as stem cell cancer cells show a reoccurrence when treated by this type of therapy.