2003 invasion of Iraq | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-07

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq


00:06:12 1 Prelude to the invasion
00:12:45 1.1 Preparations for war
00:24:42 2 Attempts to avoid war
00:29:22 3 Casus belli and rationale
00:42:57 3.1 Iraqi drones
00:44:21 3.2 Human rights
00:45:12 4 Legality of invasion
00:45:22 4.1 US domestic law
00:47:23 4.2 International law
00:52:34 5 Military aspects
00:52:51 5.1 Multilateral support
00:54:08 5.2 Invasion force
00:56:51 5.3 Preparation
00:59:46 5.4 Defending force
01:02:12 6 Invasion
01:06:24 6.1 Preceding special forces mission in al-Qa'im
01:08:03 6.2 Opening salvo: the Dora Farms strike
01:09:50 6.3 Opening attack
01:17:59 6.3.1 Battle of Nasiriyah
01:22:39 6.3.2 Battle of Najaf
01:24:52 6.3.3 Battle of Basra
01:27:37 6.4 Battle of Karbala
01:30:10 6.5 Special operations
01:30:20 6.5.1 Initial infiltration
01:31:28 6.5.2 Operation Row and Falconer
01:35:42 6.5.3 Operation Viking Hammer
01:40:23 6.5.4 Special operations in southern Iraq
01:41:35 6.6 Special operations in northern Iraq
01:50:26 6.6.1 Battle of Haditha Dam
01:53:47 6.6.2 Objective Beaver
01:56:29 6.6.3 Operations in western Iraq
02:04:27 6.6.4 Other special operations
02:06:03 6.6.5 Jessica Lynch rescue
02:09:58 6.7 Fall of Baghdad (April 2003)
02:17:46 6.8 Other areas
02:18:43 6.9 Bush declares "End of major combat operations" (May 2003)
02:20:05 7 Coalition and Allied contingent involvement
02:21:27 7.1 Australia
02:22:07 7.2 Poland
02:22:53 7.3 United Kingdom
02:23:57 8 Summary of the invasion
02:28:46 9 Casualties
02:28:55 9.1 Death toll
02:29:44 9.2 War crimes and allegations
02:34:24 10 Security, looting and war damage
02:38:24 11 Media coverage
02:38:34 11.1 U.S. media coverage
02:41:53 11.2 Independent media coverage
02:43:55 11.3 International media coverage
02:44:32 12 Criticism
02:45:43 12.1 Rationale based on faulty evidence
02:48:08 12.2 Lack of a U.N. mandate
02:51:03 12.3 Military intervention vs diplomatic solution
02:54:03 12.4 Distraction from the war on terrorism and other priorities
02:57:10 12.5 Potential to destabilize the region
02:59:12 13 Public opinion
02:59:42 14 Related phrases
03:03:11 15 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
The 2003 invasion of Iraq was the first stage of the Iraq War (also called Operation Iraqi Freedom by western politicians). The invasion phase began on 19 March 2003 and lasted just over one month, including 21 days of major combat operations, in which a combined force of troops from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia and Poland invaded Iraq. This early stage of the war formally ended on 1 May 2003 when U.S. President George W. Bush declared the "End of Major Combat Operations", after which the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) was established as the first of several successive transitional governments leading up to the first Iraqi parliamentary election in January 2005. U.S. military forces later remained in Iraq until the withdrawal in 2011.The American-led coalition sent 177,194 troops into Iraq during the initial invasion phase, which lasted from 19 March to 1 May 2003. About 130,000 arrived from the U.S. alone, with about 45,000 British soldiers, 2,000 Australian soldiers, and 194 Polish soldiers. 36 other countries were involved in its aftermath. In preparation for the invasion, 100,000 U.S. troops assembled in Kuwait by 18 February. The coalition forces also received support from the Peshmerga in Iraqi Kurdistan.
According to U.S. President George W. Bush and U.K. Prime Minister Tony Blair, the coalition aimed "to disarm Iraq of weapons of mass destruction, to end Saddam Hussein's support for terrorism, and to free the Iraqi people." Others place a much greater emphasis on the impact of the September 11 attacks, on the role this played in changing U.S. strategic calculations, and the rise of th ...