What is the collective role MSFP, Venous Return & CVP in regulating CARDIAC OUTPUT? | MBBS
Channel: Cool Concepts in Physiology, Anatomy (& Life)
Date: 2021-09-15

Interplay of MSFP, VR, and CVP in Regulating CO:

MSFP acts as the driving pressure for venous return. If MSFP is high, more blood is pushed back to the heart, increasing venous return.
Venous return (VR), in turn, dictates the amount of blood available for the heart to pump, influencing cardiac output (CO) through the Frank-Starling mechanism.
CVP or RAP serves as the counterbalance to venous return. If CVP rises too much, it can hinder venous return by reducing the pressure gradient, thereby limiting cardiac output.
Example from Guyton's model:
In heart failure, when the heart’s pumping capacity is reduced, cardiac output decreases, causing a backup of blood in the venous system. This increases CVP, which reduces the pressure gradient for venous return and further limits cardiac output, leading to a vicious cycle.

Conversely, in conditions where blood volume increases (e.g., fluid retention), MSFP rises, which can temporarily increase venous return and cardiac output, provided the heart can handle the increased load.

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