Thunderstorm | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 21/06/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderstorm


00:03:07 1 Life cycle
00:04:35 1.1 Developing stage
00:05:39 1.2 Mature stage
00:07:01 1.3 Dissipating stage
00:08:15 2 Classification
00:09:39 2.1 Single-cell
00:10:45 2.2 Multi-cell clusters
00:11:37 2.3 Multicell lines
00:12:57 2.4 Supercells
00:14:07 2.5 Severe thunderstorms
00:15:07 2.6 Mesoscale convective systems
00:16:49 3 Motion
00:18:06 3.1 Back-building thunderstorm
00:19:11 4 Hazards
00:19:33 4.1 Cloud-to-ground lightning
00:21:14 4.2 Hail
00:23:23 4.3 Tornadoes and waterspouts
00:25:27 4.4 Flash flood
00:26:30 4.5 Downburst
00:27:31 4.6 Thunderstorm asthma
00:28:05 5 Safety precautions
00:28:32 5.1 Preparedness
00:30:18 5.2 Safety
00:31:28 6 Frequent occurrences
00:33:15 7 Energy
00:34:25 8 Studies
00:35:24 9 Mythology and religion
00:36:17 10 Outside of Earth
00:37:03 11 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
A thunderstorm, also known as an electrical storm or a lightning storm, is a storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere, known as thunder. Relatively weak thunderstorms are sometimes called thundershowers. Thunderstorms occur in a type of cloud known as a cumulonimbus. They are usually accompanied by strong winds, and often produce heavy rain and sometimes snow, sleet, or hail, but some thunderstorms produce little precipitation or no precipitation at all. Thunderstorms may line up in a series or become a rainband, known as a squall line. Strong or severe thunderstorms include some of the most dangerous weather phenomena, including large hail, strong winds, and tornadoes. Some of the most persistent severe thunderstorms, known as supercells, rotate as do cyclones. While most thunderstorms move with the mean wind flow through the layer of the troposphere that they occupy, vertical wind shear sometimes causes a deviation in their course at a right angle to the wind shear direction.
Thunderstorms result from the rapid upward movement of warm, moist air, sometimes along a front. As the warm, moist air moves upward, it cools, condenses, and forms a cumulonimbus cloud that can reach heights of over 20 kilometres (12 mi). As the rising air reaches its dew point temperature, water vapor condenses into water droplets or ice, reducing pressure locally within the thunderstorm cell. Any precipitation falls the long distance through the clouds towards the Earth's surface. As the droplets fall, they collide with other droplets and become larger. The falling droplets create a downdraft as it pulls cold air with it, and this cold air spreads out at the Earth's surface, occasionally causing strong winds that are commonly associated with thunderstorms.
Thunderstorms can form and develop in any geographic location but most frequently within the mid-latitude, where warm, moist air from tropical latitudes collides with cooler air from polar latitudes. Thunderstorms are responsible for the development and formation of many severe weather phenomena. Thunderstorms, and the phenomena that occur along with them, pose great hazards. Damage that results from thunderstorms is mainly inflicted by downburst winds, large hailstones, and flash flooding caused by heavy precipitation. Stronger thunderstorm cells are capable of producing tornadoes and waterspouts.
There are four types of thunderstorms: single-cell, multi-cell cluster, multi-cell lines and supercells. Supercell thunderstorms are the strongest and most severe. Mesoscale convective systems formed by favorable vertical wind shear within the tropics and subtropics can be responsible for the development of hurricanes. Dry thunderstorms, with no precipitation, can cause the outbreak of wildfires from the heat generated from the cloud-to-ground lightning that accompanies them. Several means are used to stud ...