Hydroelectric potential | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 01/07/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectricity


00:01:14 1 History
00:04:25 2 Future potential
00:05:19 3 Generating methods
00:05:28 3.1 Conventional (dams)
00:05:57 3.2 Pumped-storage
00:06:37 3.3 Run-of-the-river
00:07:15 3.4 Tide
00:07:55 4 Sizes, types and capacities of hydroelectric facilities
00:08:07 4.1 Large facilities
00:08:47 4.2 Small
00:10:07 4.3 Micro
00:10:48 4.4 Pico
00:11:31 4.5 Underground
00:12:00 4.6 Calculating available power
00:13:55 5 Properties
00:14:03 5.1 Advantages
00:14:11 5.1.1 Flexibility
00:14:55 5.1.2 Low cost/high value power
00:16:09 5.1.3 Suitability for industrial applications
00:17:00 5.1.4 Reduced COsub2/sub emissions
00:18:12 5.1.5 Other uses of the reservoir
00:18:42 5.2 Disadvantages
00:18:51 5.2.1 Ecosystem damage and loss of land
00:19:51 5.2.2 Water loss by evaporation
00:20:51 5.2.3 Siltation and flow shortage
00:22:13 5.2.4 Methane emissions (from reservoirs)
00:23:11 5.2.5 Relocation
00:23:32 5.2.6 Failure risks
00:24:43 5.3 Comparison and interactions with other methods of power generation
00:25:11 5.3.1 Nuclear power
00:26:25 5.3.2 Wind power
00:27:35 6 World hydroelectric capacity
00:28:55 7 Major projects under construction
00:29:04 8 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Hydroelectricity is electricity produced from hydropower. In 2015, hydropower generated 16.6% of the world's total electricity and 70% of all renewable electricity, and was expected to increase by about 3.1% each year for the next 25 years.
Hydropower is produced in 150 countries, with the Asia-Pacific region generating 33 percent of global hydropower in 2013. China is the largest hydroelectricity producer, with 920 TWh of production in 2013, representing 16.9% of domestic electricity use.
The cost of hydroelectricity is relatively low, making it a competitive source of renewable electricity. The hydro station consumes no water, unlike coal or gas plants. The typical cost of electricity from a hydro station larger than 10 megawatts is 3 to 5 U.S. cents per kilowatt hour. With a dam and reservoir it is also a flexible source of electricity, since the amount produced by the station can be varied up or down very rapidly (as little as a few seconds) to adapt to changing energy demands. Once a hydroelectric complex is constructed, the project produces no direct waste, and in many cases it has a considerably lower output level of greenhouse gases than fossil fuel powered energy plants.