Reactionary | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-06

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactionary


00:02:26 1 History and usage
00:04:53 1.1 Thermidorian Reaction
00:07:19 1.2 Restoration of the French monarchy
00:09:46 1.3 Clerical philosophers
00:12:12 1.4 Metternich and containment
00:14:39 1.5 20th century
00:18:19 1.6 21st century
00:20:46 2 See also
00:21:59 3 Notes
00:23:12 4 Bibliography



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- Socrates


SUMMARY
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According to political theorist Mark Lilla, a reactionary yearns to overturn a present condition of decadence and recover an idealized past. Reactionary individuals and policies favour social transformation, in contrast to conservative   individuals or policies that seek to preserve what exists in the present. The word reactionary is often used in the context of the left–right political spectrum, and is one tradition in right-wing politics.  Unlike the term conservative, reactionary is rarely used as a term of self-description.  It is most often used to criticize or disparage entities or policies by opponents.  It is applied to entities or policies that critics believe are against desirable social progress.  
In political science, a reactionary can also be defined as a person or entity holding political views that favour a return to a previous political state of society that they believe possessed characteristics that are negatively absent from the contemporary status quo of a society. As an adjective, the word reactionary describes points of view and policies meant to restore a past status quo.Reactionary ideologies can also be radical, in the sense of political extremism, in service to re-establishing past conditions. In political discourse, being a reactionary is generally regarded as negative; the descriptor "political reactionary" has been adopted by the likes of the Austrian monarchist Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn, the Scottish journalist Gerald Warner of Craigenmaddie, the Colombian political theologian Nicolás Gómez Dávila, and the American historian John Lukacs.