Vedanta | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-14

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Vedanta


00:01:39 1 Etymology and nomenclature
00:02:43 2 iPrasthanatrayi/i, the Three Sources
00:04:08 3 History
00:05:48 3.1 Before the iBrahma Sutras/i
00:06:48 3.2 iBrahma Sutras/i
00:08:11 3.3 Between the iBrahma Sutras/i and Adi Shankara
00:09:23 3.4 Gaudapada, Adi Shankara and Advaita Vedanta
00:11:27 3.5 Ramanuja and Vishishtadvaita Vedanta
00:12:53 3.6 Madhva and Dvaita
00:14:31 4 Overview of the schools of Vedanta
00:14:42 4.1 Schools propounding Non-dualism
00:14:51 4.1.1 Advaita school
00:15:51 4.1.2 Vishishtadvaita
00:16:58 4.1.3 Shuddhādvaita
00:17:56 4.2 School propounding Dualism - Dvaita
00:18:55 4.3 Schools propounding Bhedabheda
00:19:37 4.3.1 Upadhika
00:20:21 4.3.2 Dvaitādvaita
00:21:25 4.3.3 Achintya-Bheda-Abheda
00:22:22 5 Vedanta philosophy
00:23:37 5.1 Common features
00:24:28 5.2 Metaphysics
00:24:57 5.2.1 Brahman / Ishvara - Conceptions of the Supreme Reality
00:26:38 5.2.2 Relation between Brahman and Jiva / Atman
00:27:36 5.3 Epistemology
00:27:45 5.3.1 Pramana
00:29:23 5.3.2 Theories of cause and effect
00:30:18 6 Influence
00:30:27 6.1 Hindu traditions
00:32:28 6.2 Neo-Vedanta
00:35:16 6.2.1 Criticism of Neo-Vedanta label
00:37:03 6.3 Influence on Western thinkers
00:38:04 7 Reception
00:39:38 8 Similarities with Spinoza's philosophy
00:41:09 9 See also



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SUMMARY
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Vedanta (; Sanskrit: वेदान्त, IAST: Vedānta) or Uttara Mīmāṃsā is one of the six orthodox (āstika) schools of Hindu philosophy. Vedanta literally means "end of the Vedas", reflecting ideas that emerged from the speculations and philosophies contained in the Upanishads. It does not stand for one comprehensive or unifying doctrine. Rather it is an umbrella term for many sub-traditions, ranging from dualism to non-dualism, all of which developed on the basis of a common textual connection called the Prasthanatrayi. The Prasthanatrayi is a collective term for the Principal Upanishads, the Brahma Sutras and the Bhagavad Gita.
All Vedanta schools, in their deliberations, concern themselves with the following three categories but differ in their views regarding the concept and the relations between them: Brahman – the ultimate metaphysical reality,  Ātman / Jivātman – the individual soul or self, and  Prakriti – the empirical world, ever-changing physical universe, body and matter.
Some of the better known sub-traditions of Vedanta include Advaita (non-dualism), Vishishtadvaita (qualified non-dualism), and Dvaita (dualism). Most other Vedantic sub-traditions are subsumed under the term Bhedabheda (difference and non-difference). Over time, Vedanta adopted ideas from other orthodox (āstika) schools like Yoga and Nyaya, and, through this syncretism, became the most prominent school of Hinduism. Many extant forms of Vaishnavism, Shaivism and Shaktism have been significantly shaped and influenced by the doctrines of different schools of Vedanta. The Vedanta school has had a historic and central influence on Hinduism.