Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922) | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 06/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)


00:01:51 1 Background
00:02:00 1.1 Geopolitical context
00:05:03 1.2 The Greek community in Anatolia
00:08:04 1.3 Greek irredentism
00:10:26 1.4 The National Schism in Greece
00:12:57 2 Greek expansion
00:13:43 2.1 Landing at Smyrna (May 1919)
00:15:13 2.2 Greek summer offensives (Summer 1920)
00:15:53 2.3 Treaty of Sèvres (August 1920)
00:17:27 2.4 Greek advance (October 1920)
00:18:36 2.5 Change in Greek government (November 1920)
00:20:56 2.6 Battles of İnönü (December 1920&#160;– March 1921)
00:22:30 2.7 Shift of support towards Turkish Revolutionaries
00:23:32 2.8 Battle of Afyonkarahisar-Eskişehir (July 1921)
00:25:29 2.9 Battle of Sakarya (August and September 1921)
00:27:53 2.10 Stalemate (September 1921&#160;– August 1922)
00:30:26 3 Turkish counter-attack
00:30:35 3.1 Dumlupınar
00:31:37 3.2 Turkish advance on Smyrna
00:33:27 3.3 Chanak Crisis
00:35:39 4 Resolution
00:36:34 4.1 Factors contributing to the outcome
00:42:52 5 Atrocities and claims of ethnic cleansing by both sides
00:43:04 5.1 Turkish massacres of Greeks and Armenians
00:50:36 5.2 Greek massacres of Turks
00:54:48 5.3 Greek scorched-earth policy
00:58:43 6 See also



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SUMMARY
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The Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922 was fought between Greece and the Turkish National Movement during the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire after World War I between May 1919 and October 1922. It is known as the Western Front (Turkish: Kurtuluş Savaşı, Batı Cephesi, Ottoman Turkish: Garb Cebhesi گرب جابهاسی‎) of the Turkish War of Independence in Turkey and the Asia Minor Campaign (Greek: Μικρασιατική Εκστρατεία) or the Asia Minor Catastrophe (Greek: Μικρασιατική Καταστροφή) in Greece.
The Greek campaign was launched primarily because the western Allies, particularly British Prime Minister David Lloyd George, had promised Greece territorial gains at the expense of the Ottoman Empire, recently defeated in World War I. The armed conflict started when the Greek forces landed in Smyrna (now Izmir), on 15 May 1919. They advanced inland and took control of the western and northwestern part of Anatolia, including the cities of Manisa, Balıkesir, Aydın, Kütahya, Bursa and Eskişehir. Their advance was checked at the Battle of Sakarya in 1921 by forces of the Turkish national movement. The Greek front collapsed with the Turkish counter-attack in August 1922, and the war effectively ended with the recapture of Smyrna by the Turkish forces and the Great Fire of Smyrna.
As a result, the Greek government accepted the demands of the Turkish national movement and returned to its pre-war borders, thus leaving East Thrace and Western Anatolia to Turkey. The Allies abandoned the Treaty of Sèvres to negotiate a new treaty at Lausanne with the Turkish National Movement. The Treaty of Lausanne recognized the independence of the Republic of Turkey and its sovereignty over Asia Minor, Constantinople, and Eastern Thrace. Greek and Turkish governments agreed to engage in a population exchange.