Bulletproof vest | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-23

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletproof_vest


00:03:57 1 History
00:04:06 1.1 Early modern era
00:05:33 1.2 Industrial era
00:10:48 1.3 First World War
00:14:06 1.4 Second World War
00:17:51 1.5 Postwar
00:21:30 1.6 Recent years
00:24:30 2 Performance standards
00:31:16 2.1 Ballistic testing V50 and V0
00:34:45 2.2 Military testing: fragment ballistics
00:38:44 2.3 Backing materials for testing
00:38:54 2.3.1 Ballistic
00:41:12 2.3.2 Stab
00:42:24 3 Rifle resistant armor
00:42:51 3.1 Versus armor-piercing ammunition
00:45:11 4 Explosive protection
00:47:36 5 Stab and stab-ballistic armor
00:49:00 5.1 Early "ice pick" test
00:49:10 5.2 HOSDB-Stab and Slash standards
00:52:14 5.3 Combination stab and ballistic vests
00:54:42 5.4 Standards update US and UK
00:56:34 5.5 Stab and spike vests
00:58:06 6 Vest sizing, carriers and encapsulation
01:00:17 6.1 Military carriers
01:00:59 6.2 Concealable carriers
01:01:56 6.3 Vest slips
01:02:49 7 Research
01:03:35 7.1 Progress in fiber math
01:03:44 7.2 Textile wovens and laminates research
01:06:48 7.3 Fibers used
01:08:25 7.4 Manufacturing process
01:08:52 7.5 Working principle
01:10:04 7.6 Developments in ceramic armor
01:11:04 7.7 Nanomaterials in ballistics
01:12:48 7.8 Graphene composite
01:14:57 8 Legality
01:16:51 8.1 Australia
01:17:00 8.2 Canada
01:17:32 8.3 Hong Kong
01:18:19 8.4 The Netherlands
01:18:49 8.5 United States
01:19:24 8.6 Italy
01:20:03 8.7 European Union
01:20:44 9 See also
01:21:21 10 References



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SUMMARY
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A ballistic vest or bullet-resistant vest, often called a bulletproof vest, is an item of personal armor that helps absorb the impact and reduce or stop penetration to the body from firearm-fired projectiles and shrapnel from explosions, and is worn on the torso. Soft vests are made of many layers of woven or laminated fibres and can protect the wearer from small-calibre handgun and shotgun projectiles, and small fragments from explosives such as hand grenades.
These vests often have a ballistic plate inserted into the vest. Metal or ceramic plates can be used with a soft vest, providing additional protection against rifle rounds, and metallic components or tightly woven fibre layers can give soft armour resistance to stab and slash attacks from knives and similar close-quarter weapons. Soft vests are commonly worn by police forces, private citizens who are at risk of being shot (e.g., national leaders), security guards, and bodyguards, whereas hard-plate reinforced vests are mainly worn by combat soldiers, police tactical units, and hostage rescue teams.
Body armor may combine a ballistic vest with other items of protective clothing, such as a combat helmet. Vests intended for police and military use may also include ballistic shoulder and side protection armor components, and bomb disposal officers wear heavy armour and helmets with face visors and spine protection.
Ballistic vests use layers of very strong fibers to "catch" and deform a bullet, mushrooming it into a dish shape, and spreading its force over a larger portion of the vest fiber. The vest absorbs the energy from the deforming bullet, bringing it to a stop before it can completely penetrate the textile matrix. Some layers may be penetrated but as the bullet deforms, the energy is absorbed by a larger and larger fiber area.
While a vest can prevent bullet penetration, the vest and wearer still absorb the bullet's impulse. Even without penetration, heavy bullets deal enough force to cause blunt force trauma under the impact point. Vest specifications will typically include both penetration resistance requirements and limits on the amount of impact force that is delivered to the body.
On the other side, some bullets can penetrate the vest, but still deal low damage to its wearer because of speed loss ...