Great Lakes | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-01

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Lakes


00:02:06 1 Geography
00:03:42 1.1 Bathymetry
00:04:47 1.2 Primary connecting waterways
00:05:45 1.3 Lake Michigan–Huron
00:06:21 1.4 Other significant bodies of water
00:08:59 1.5 Islands
00:09:39 1.6 Peninsulas
00:10:15 1.7 Shipping connection to the ocean
00:11:56 1.8 Water levels
00:13:46 2 Name origins
00:15:15 3 Statistics
00:17:23 4 Geology
00:19:13 5 Climate
00:19:51 5.1 Lake effect
00:22:52 6 Ecology
00:23:54 6.1 Fauna
00:31:01 6.2 Flora
00:32:31 6.3 Pollution
00:34:12 6.3.1 Mercury
00:35:19 6.3.2 Sewage
00:37:21 6.4 Impacts of climate change on algae
00:38:26 7 History
00:43:36 8 Economy
00:43:45 8.1 Shipping
00:44:55 8.2 Drinking water and compact
00:45:21 8.3 Recreation
00:46:07 8.4 Great Lakes passenger steamers
00:47:43 8.5 Shipwrecks
00:50:54 9 Legislation
00:53:42 9.1 Coast Guard live fire exercises



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SUMMARY
=======
The Great Lakes (French: les Grands-Lacs), also called the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Great Lakes of North America, are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes located primarily in the upper mid-east region of North America, on the Canada–United States border, which connect to the Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lawrence River. They consist of Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario, although hydrologically, there are four lakes, Superior, Erie, Ontario, and Michigan-Huron. The lakes are interconnected by the Great Lakes Waterway.
The Great Lakes are the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total area, and second largest by total volume, containing 21% of the world's surface fresh water by volume. The total surface is 94,250 square miles (244,106 km2), and the total volume (measured at the low water datum) is 5,439 cubic miles (22,671 km3), slightly less than the volume of Lake Baikal (5,666 cu mi or 23,615 km3, 22–23% of the world's surface fresh water). Due to their sea-like characteristics (rolling waves, sustained winds, strong currents, great depths, and distant horizons) the five Great Lakes have also long been referred to as inland seas. Not counting Lake Michigan-Huron, Lake Superior is the second largest lake in the world by area, and the largest freshwater lake by area. Lake Michigan is the largest lake that is entirely within one country.The Great Lakes began to form at the end of the last glacial period around 14,000 years ago, as retreating ice sheets exposed the basins they had carved into the land which then filled with meltwater. The lakes have been a major source for transportation, migration, trade, and fishing, serving as  a habitat to a large number of aquatic species in a region with much biodiversity.
The surrounding region is called the Great Lakes region, which includes the Great Lakes Megalopolis.