Why does Anemia occur in Multiple Myeloma? How does Multiple Myeloma cause Pancytopenia?
Channel: Decoded Medicine
Date: 2022-03-13

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Why Do People With Multiple Myeloma Have Anemia?
How Does Multiple Myeloma Cause Pancytopenia?
Read more👉https://www.decodedmedicine.com/?p=385
Multiple myeloma, in simpler terms, is a cancer of a group of blood cells.
The 3 main groups of blood cells in our body are the red blood cells, the white blood cells and the platelets. Of these, the white blood cells are further classified functionally as T and B lymphocytes. In normal conditions, the B lymphocytes, when activated, become plasma cells that produce antibodies (which are immunoglobulin type proteins) that are essential for fighting off the foreign antigens that invade the body.

Immunoglobulins are heterodimeric proteins composed of two heavy (H) and two light (L) chains. Normal immunoglobulins are polyclonal in which the plasma cells produce immunoglobulins with a variety of heavy chains and each may be of kappa or lambda light chain type.

In multiple myeloma, there is a malignant proliferation of plasma cells that produce abnormal immunoglobulins. In myeloma, plasma cells produce immunoglobulin of a single heavy and light chain, a monoclonal protein commonly referred to as a paraprotein. In most cases, an excess of light chain is produced. In some cases only light chain is produced; this appears in the urine as Bence Jones proteins and can be measured in the urine or serum as free light chain.

Although a small number of malignant plasma cells are present in the circulation, the majority are present in the bone marrow.

Features of multiple myeloma can be easily remembered using the mnemonic ‘CRAB’ in which:

‘C’ stands for hyperCalcemia

‘R’ stands for Renal failure

‘A’ stands for Anemia

‘B’ stands for Bone pain

Timestamps
0:00 Introduction
0:31 What is Multiple Myeloma?
3:19 What is Anemia?
4:27 What is Pancytopenia?
5:27 Why does anemia occur in Multiple Myeloma?
6:34 Why does pancytopenia occur in Multiple Myeloma?
7:33 See you again:)