Allergy | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-06

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergy


00:02:38 1 Signs and symptoms
00:04:30 1.1 Skin
00:05:18 2 Cause
00:06:05 2.1 Foods
00:08:56 2.2 Latex
00:11:09 2.3 Medications
00:11:32 2.4 Insect stings
00:12:01 2.5 Toxins interacting with proteins
00:13:41 2.6 Genetics
00:15:41 2.7 Hygiene hypothesis
00:18:42 2.8 Stress
00:19:14 2.9 Other environmental factors
00:21:52 3 Pathophysiology
00:22:02 3.1 Acute response
00:24:33 3.2 Late-phase response
00:25:30 3.3 Allergic contact dermatitis
00:26:15 4 Diagnosis
00:28:11 4.1 Skin prick testing
00:30:27 4.2 Patch testing
00:31:13 4.3 Blood testing
00:34:04 4.4 Other testing
00:35:27 4.5 Differential diagnosis
00:36:09 5 Prevention
00:37:02 6 Management
00:37:24 6.1 Medication
00:38:17 6.2 Immunotherapy
00:39:33 6.3 Alternative medicine
00:41:09 7 Epidemiology
00:41:59 7.1 Changing frequency
00:44:11 8 History
00:46:31 8.1 Diagnosis
00:48:39 9 Medical specialty
00:51:20 10 Research
00:51:56 11 See also



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SUMMARY
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Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment. These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis. Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling. Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.Common allergens include pollen and certain food. Metals and other substances may also cause problems. Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions. Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors. The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine. Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history. Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases. Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.Early exposure to potential allergens may be protective. Treatments for allergies include avoiding known allergens and the use of medications such as steroids and antihistamines. In severe reactions injectable adrenaline (epinephrine) is recommended. Allergen immunotherapy, which gradually exposes people to larger and larger amounts of allergen, is useful for some types of allergies such as hay fever and reactions to insect bites. Its use in food allergies is unclear.Allergies are common. In the developed world, about 20% of people are affected by allergic rhinitis, about 6% of people have at least one food allergy, and about 20% have atopic dermatitis at some point in time. Depending on the country about 1–18% of people have asthma. Anaphylaxis occurs in between 0.05–2% of people. Rates of many allergic diseases appear to be increasing. The word "allergy" was first used by Clemens von Pirquet in 1906.