Lithobiomorpha | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 02/05/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centipede


00:02:59 1 Description
00:07:13 2 Lifecycle
00:10:31 2.1 Anamorphy vs. epimorphy
00:13:01 3 Ecology
00:18:55 3.1 Uses
00:19:04 3.1.1 As food
00:20:02 3.1.2 Hazards to humans
00:21:19 4 Evolution
00:24:54 5 Orders and families
00:25:04 5.1 Scutigeromorpha
00:27:27 5.2 Lithobiomorpha
00:28:37 5.3 Craterostigmomorpha
00:30:16 5.4 Scolopendromorpha
00:31:28 5.5 Geophilomorpha
00:33:01 6 Selected species
00:33:11 7 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Centipedes (from Latin prefix centi-, "hundred", and pes, pedis, "foot") are predatory arthropods belonging to the class Chilopoda of the subphylum Myriapoda, an arthropod group which also includes Millipedes and other multi-legged creatures. Centipedes are elongated metameric creatures with one pair of legs per body segment. Centipedes are highly venomous, and often inject paralyzing venom; some species contain neurotoxic venom. Despite the name, centipedes can have a varying number of legs, ranging from 30 to 354. Centipedes always have an odd number of pairs of legs. Therefore, no centipede has exactly 100 legs. A key trait uniting this group is a pair of venom claws or forcipules formed from a modified first appendage. Centipedes are  predominantly carnivorous.Their size can range from a few millimetres in the smaller lithobiomorphs and geophilomorphs to about 30 cm (12 in) in the largest scolopendromorphs. Centipedes can be found in a wide variety of environments. They normally have a drab coloration combining shades of brown and red. Cavernicolous (cave-dwelling) and subterranean species may lack pigmentation, and many tropical scolopendromorphs have bright aposematic colors.
Worldwide, an estimated 8,000 species of centipedes are thought to exist, of which 3,000 have been described. Centipedes have a wide geographical range, where they even reach beyond the Arctic Circle. They are found in an array of terrestrial habitats from tropical rainforests to deserts. Within these habitats, centipedes require a moist microhabitat because they lack the waxy cuticle of insects and arachnids, therefore causing them to rapidly lose water. Accordingly, they are found in soil and leaf litter, under stones and dead wood, and inside logs. Centipedes are among the largest terrestrial invertebrate predators, and often contribute significantly to the invertebrate predatory biomass in terrestrial ecosystems.