Abortion in India | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-16

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Abortion in India


00:02:04 1 Abortion law in India
00:02:14 1.1 Before 1971 (Indian Penal Code, 1860)
00:03:37 1.1.1 Shah  committee key highlights
00:04:19 1.1.2 Abortion incidence in India
00:05:08 1.2 The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971
00:06:29 1.2.1 Who can terminate a pregnancy (perform an induced abortion)?
00:07:03 1.2.2 Where can a pregnancy be terminated (an induced abortion be performed)?
00:08:10 1.2.3 Whose consent is required for termination of pregnancy (performing an induced abortion)?
00:09:12 1.2.4 Whose opinion is required for termination of pregnancy (an induced abortion)?
00:10:10 1.2.4.1 The MTP Regulations, 2003 prescribe the reporting requirements to be maintained by the head of the hospital or owner of the approved place
00:11:00 1.3 MTP Act, Amendments, 2002
00:12:10 1.4 MTP Rules, 2003
00:14:03 1.5 Proposed Amendments to the MTP Act, 2014
00:18:51 2 Policy and Programmatic Interventions of the Government
00:24:56 2.1 Medical Methods of Abortion (MMA)
00:25:32 2.1.1 Technical Material on MMA
00:27:17 2.1.2 Community Mobilization for RMNCHA activities
00:29:26 2.1.3 Communication on CAC
00:29:57 3 Statistics
00:33:29 4 Methods of Abortion
00:34:09 4.1 Electric Vacuum Aspiration (EVA)
00:34:31 4.2 Medical Methods of Abortion (MMA)
00:35:50 4.3 Dilation and Curettage (D&amp;C)
00:36:24 5 Why do women have unsafe abortions?
00:37:09 6 Profile of women seeking abortion
00:38:42 7 Safe abortion and gender biased sex selection
00:39:39 8 Recent Court Cases for late term termination of pregnancy
00:53:25 9 Studies on Abortion: A bibliography
00:56:33 10 Recent news on abortion



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SUMMARY
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When a woman gets a pregnancy terminated voluntarily from a service provider, it is called induced abortion. Spontaneous abortion is when the process of abortion starts on its own without any intervention. In common language, this is also known as miscarriage.
Globally, induced abortion is an integral component of reproductive health services in both developed and developing countries. Women require access to safe abortion services that are an integral part of women's reproductive health, irrespective of factors such as failed/ lack of access to contraception, legality etc.
Till 2017, there was a dichotomous classification of abortion as safe and unsafe. Unsafe abortion was defined by WHO as "a procedure for termination of a pregnancy done by an individual who does not have the necessary training or in an environment not conforming to minimal medical standards." However, with abortion technology now becoming safer, this has been replaced by a three tier classification of safe, less safe, and least safe permitting a more nuanced description of the spectrum of varying situations that constitute unsafe abortion and the increasingly widespread substitution of dangerous, invasive methods with use of misoprostol outside the formal health system.

Safe abortion: provided by health-care workers and with methods recommended by WHO.
Less-safe abortion: done by trained providers using non-recommended methods or using a safe method (e.g. misoprostol) but without adequate information or support from a trained individual.
Least-safe abortion: done by a trained provider using dangerous, invasive methods.Comprehensive Abortion Care (CAC), a term "rooted in the belief that women must be able to access high-quality, affordable abortion care in the communities where they live and work", was first introduced in India by Ipas in 2000. The concept of CAC encompasses care through the entire period from conception to post abortion care and includes pain management.