Interferometry | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-03-26

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferometry


00:02:24 1 Basic principles
00:06:47 2 Categories
00:07:06 2.1 Homodyne versus heterodyne detection
00:10:09 2.2 Double path versus common path
00:11:34 2.3 Wavefront splitting versus amplitude splitting
00:21:04 3 Applications
00:21:14 3.1 Physics and astronomy
00:34:14 3.2 Engineering and applied science
01:03:02 3.3 Biology and medicine
01:09:37 4 See also



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SUMMARY
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Interferometry is a family of techniques in which waves, usually electromagnetic waves, are superimposed causing the phenomenon of interference in order to extract information. Interferometry is an important investigative technique in the fields of astronomy, fiber optics, engineering metrology, optical metrology, oceanography, seismology, spectroscopy (and its applications to chemistry), quantum mechanics, nuclear and particle physics, plasma physics, remote sensing, biomolecular interactions, surface profiling, microfluidics, mechanical stress/strain measurement, velocimetry, and optometry.Interferometers are widely used in science and industry for the measurement of small displacements, refractive index changes and surface irregularities.  In most interferometers, light from a single source is split into two beams that travel different optical paths, then combined again to produce interference, however,
under some circumstances two incoherent sources can also be interfered.  The resulting interference fringes give information about the difference in optical path lengths.  In analytical science, interferometers are used to measure lengths and the shape of optical components with nanometer precision; they are the highest precision length measuring instruments existing.   In Fourier transform spectroscopy they are used to analyze light containing features of absorption or emission associated with a substance or mixture.  An astronomical interferometer consists of two or more separate telescopes that combine their signals, offering a resolution equivalent to that of a telescope of diameter equal to the largest separation between its individual elements.