Ladder safety | NAFS Fire & Safety College | Fire and Safety Training | industrial safety
Channel: NAFSMP
Date: 2020-12-09

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LADDER
A ladder is a vertical or inclined set of rungs or steps.
There are two types: rigid ladders that are self-supporting or that may be leaned against a vertical
surface such as a wall, and rollable ladders, such as those made of rope or  aluminium , that may
be hung from the top. The vertical members of a rigid ladder are called stringers or rails (US) or
stiles (UK).
Rigid ladders are usually portable, but some types are permanently fixed to a structure, building,
or equipment. They are commonly made of metal, wood, or fiberglass, but they have been
known to be made of tough plastic.
Rigid ladders

Rigid ladders are available in many forms, such as:
 Accommodation ladder are portable steps down the side of a ship for boarding.
 Assault ladder, used in siege warfare to assist in climbing walls and crossing moats.
 Attic ladder, pulled down from the ceiling to allow access to an attic or loft.
 Bridge ladder, a ladder laid horizontally to act as a passage between two points separated by
a drop.
 Boarding ladder, a ladder use to climb onto a vehicle. May be rigid or flexible, also boarding
step(s), and swim ladder
 Cat ladder (US chicken ladder), a lightweight ladder frame used on steep roofs to prevent
workers from sliding.
 Christmas tree ladder, a type of boarding ladder for divers which has a single central rail and
is open at the sides to allow the diver to climb the ladder while wearing  swimfins . [2]
 Counterbalanced ladder, a fixed ladder with a lower sliding part. A system of counterweights
is used to let the lower sliding part descend gently when released.
 Extension ladder or &quot;telescopic ladder&quot;, a fixed ladder divided into two or more lengths for
more convenient storage; the lengths can be slid together for storage or slid apart to expand
the length of the ladder; a pulley system may be fitted so that the ladder can be easily
extended by an operator on the ground then locked in place using the dogs and pawls. 65 ft
(20 m), 50 ft (15 m) and some 35 ft (10 m) extension ladders for fire service use &quot;bangor
poles&quot;, &quot;tormentor poles&quot; or &quot;stay poles&quot; to help raise, pivot, steady, extend, place, retract
and lower them due to the heavy weight.
 Fixed ladder, two side members joined by several rungs; affixed to structure with no moving
parts.
 Folding ladder, a ladder in the step ladder style with one or more (usually no more than
three) one-way hinges. Ideal for use on uneven ground (e.g. stairs), as a trestle or when fully
extended a Fixed ladder. Some variations feature a central one-way hinge with extensible
locking legs.
 Hook ladder or  pompier ladder , a rigid ladder with a hook at the top to grip a windowsill;
used by firefighters.

 Mobile Safety Steps are self-supporting structures that have wheels or castors making them
easy to move. They sometimes have a small upper platform and a hand rail to assist in
moving up and down the steps.
 Orchard ladder, a three legged step ladder with the third leg made so that it can be inserted
between tree branches for fruit picking.
 Platform ladder, a step ladder with a large platform area and a top handrail for the user to
hold while working on the platform.
 Retractable ladder, a ladder that looks like a drainpipe but can be deployed instantly when
required.
 Roof ladder, a rigid ladder with a large hook at the top to grip the ridge of a pitched roof.
 Sectional ladder, also known as a builder&#39;s ladder, has sections that come apart and are
interchangeable so that any number of sections can be connected.
 Step ladder, a self-supporting portable ladder hinged in the middle to form an inverted V,
with stays to keep the two halves at a fixed angle. Step ladders have flat steps and a hinged
back.
 Swim ladder, a ladder used by swimmers to get out of the water, often on boats.
 Telescoping ladder, commonly used to refer to a hybrid between a step ladder and an
extension ladder with 360-degree hinges; has three parts and can be taken apart to form two
step ladders; e.g. Little Giant.
 Trestle ladder, an &quot;A-Frame&quot;-style ladder with a telescoping center section.
 Turntable ladder, an extension ladder fitted to rotating platform on top of a fire truck.
 Vertically rising ladder, designed to climb high points and facilitate suspending at said high
points.

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