White movement | Wikipedia audio article
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Date: 2018-11-28

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
White movement

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SUMMARY
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The White movement (Russian: Бѣлое движеніе/Белое движение, tr. Beloye dvizheniye, IPA: [ˈbʲɛləɪ dvʲɪˈʐenʲɪɪ]) and its military arm the White Army (Бѣлая Армія/Белая Армия, Belaya Armiya), also known as the White Guard (Бѣлая Гвардія/Белая Гвардия, Belaya Gvardiya), the White Guardsmen (Бѣлогвардейцы/Белогвардейцы, Belogvardeytsi) or simply the Whites (Бѣлые/Белые, Beliye), was a loose confederation of Anti-Communist forces that fought the communist Bolsheviks, also known as the Reds, in the Russian Civil War (1917–1922/3) and, to a lesser extent, continued operating as militarized associations insurrectionists both outside and within Russian borders in Siberia until roughly the Second World War (1939-1945).
During the Russian Civil War, the White movement was a big tent political movement, representing an array of political opinions in Russia united in their opposition to the communist Bolsheviks, from the republican-minded bourgeois liberals and Kerenskyite social democrats who had profited from the February Revolution of 1917 on the left, to the champions of Tsarism and the Russian Orthodox Church of Eastern Orthodox Christianity on the right. 
Following their defeat, there were remnants and continuations of the movement in several organizations, some of which only had narrow support, enduring within the wider White émigré overseas community until after the fall of Communism in the Eastern European Revolutions of 1989 and the subsequent  Dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1990-1991. This community-in-exile of anti-communists was often divided between the liberals and the more conservative segments, with some still hoping for the restoration of the  Romanov dynasty including several claimants to the empty throne like Nicholas Romanov, Prince of Russia (1924-2014) living in Italy and Prince Andrew Romanov (b. 1923) in the United States and other exiles still hoping for a true constitutional democratic republic in Russia.