Spanish dialects and varieties | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-17

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Spanish dialects and varieties


00:02:02 1 Sets of variants
00:03:58 2 Pronunciation
00:04:07 2.1 Distinción vs. seseo and ceceo
00:05:34 2.2 Yeísmo
00:07:05 2.3 Variants of span/s/
00:08:01 2.4 Debuccalization of coda span/s/
00:09:57 2.5 Vowel reduction
00:10:51 2.6 Pronunciation of ij/i
00:12:21 2.7 Word-final i-n/i
00:14:10 2.8 iR/i sounds
00:20:48 2.9 Pronunciation of ix/i
00:23:11 2.10 Adoption of the affricates itz/i and itl/i
00:24:09 2.11 Other loaned phonetics
00:24:52 2.12 Pronunciation of ich/i
00:25:34 2.13 Open-mid vowels
00:26:46 2.14 Judaeo-Spanish
00:28:16 3 Grammar
00:28:25 3.1 Variation in second-person pronouns and verbs
00:29:49 3.1.1 Second person singular
00:39:14 3.1.2 Second person plural
00:40:56 3.1.3 Second-person verb forms
00:44:49 3.2 Verb tenses for past events
00:49:07 4 Vocabulary
00:49:59 5 Mutual comprehension
00:51:47 6 See also
00:51:56 6.1 Cants and argots
00:52:28 6.2 Mixes with other languages
00:53:21 6.3 Other
00:53:45 7 Notes
00:53:54 8 Bibliography
00:54:03 9 Further reading
00:54:21 10 External links



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SUMMARY
=======
Some of the regional varieties of the Spanish language are quite divergent from one another, especially in pronunciation and vocabulary, and less so in grammar.
While all Spanish dialects adhere to approximately the same written standard, all spoken varieties differ from the written variety, to different degrees. There are differences between European Spanish (also called Peninsular Spanish) and the Spanish of the Americas, as well as many different dialect areas both within Spain and within Hispanic America.
Prominent differences of pronunciation among dialects of Spanish include:

the maintenance or lack of distinction between the phonemes /θ/ and /s/ (distinción vs. seseo and ceceo);
the maintenance or loss of distinction between phonemes represented orthographically by ll and y (yeísmo);
the maintenance of syllable-final [s] vs. its weakening to [h] (called aspiration, or more precisely debuccalization), or its loss; and
the tendency, in areas of central Mexico and of the Andean highlands, to reduction (especially devoicing), or loss, of unstressed vowels, mainly when they are in contact with voiceless consonants.Among grammatical features, the most prominent variation among dialects is in the use of the second-person pronouns. In Hispanic America the only second-person plural pronoun, for both formal and informal treatment, is ustedes, while in most of Spain the informal second-person plural pronoun is vosotros with ustedes used only in the formal treatment. For the second-person singular familiar pronoun, some Hispanic America dialects use tú (and its associated verb forms), while others use either vos (see voseo) or both tú and vos (which, together with usted, can make for a possible three-tiered distinction of formalities).
There are significant differences in vocabulary among regional varieties of Spanish, particularly in the domains of food products, everyday objects, and clothes; and many Hispanic American varieties show considerable lexical influence from Native American languages.