Compass | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-07

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compass


00:01:31 1 Magnetic compass
00:03:16 2 Non-magnetic compasses
00:03:47 2.1 Gyrocompass
00:05:11 2.2 GPS receivers used as compasses
00:07:20 3 History
00:08:00 4 Modern compasses
00:08:09 4.1 Magnetic compass
00:13:34 4.1.1 Thumb compass
00:14:19 4.2 Solid state compasses
00:15:07 4.3 Specialty compasses
00:16:24 4.4 Limitations of the magnetic compass
00:18:36 5 Construction of a magnetic compass
00:18:46 5.1 Magnetic needle
00:19:38 5.2 Needle-and-bowl device
00:20:09 5.3 Points of the compass
00:22:15 5.4 Compass balancing (magnetic dip)
00:23:25 5.5 Compass correction
00:26:04 6 Using a magnetic compass
00:32:09 7 See also



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SUMMARY
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A compass is an instrument used for navigation and orientation that shows direction relative to the geographic cardinal directions (or points). Usually, a diagram called a compass rose shows the directions north, south, east, and west on the compass face as abbreviated initials. When the compass is used, the rose can be aligned with the corresponding geographic directions; for example, the "N" mark on the rose points northward. Compasses often display markings for angles in degrees in addition to (or sometimes instead of) the rose. North corresponds to 0°, and the angles increase clockwise, so east is 90° degrees, south is 180°, and west is 270°. These numbers allow the compass to show magnetic North azimuths or true North azimuths or bearings, which are commonly stated in this notation.  If magnetic declination between the magnetic North and true North at latitude angle and longitude angle is known, then direction of magnetic North also gives direction of true North.
Among the Four Great Inventions, the magnetic compass was first invented as a device for divination as early as the Chinese Han Dynasty (since c. 206 BC), and later adopted for navigation by the Song Dynasty Chinese during the 11th century. The first usage of a compass recorded in Western Europe and the Islamic world occurred around 1190.