Mercator 1569 world map | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-14

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercator_1569_world_map


00:02:39 1 Extant copies and facsimiles
00:05:05 1.1 Basel map
00:05:56 1.2 Paris map
00:07:14 1.3 Breslau map
00:07:45 1.4 Rotterdam map
00:09:01 2 World and regional maps before 1569
00:09:13 3 Principal features of the 1569 Mercator map
00:09:26 3.1 Mercator's projection
00:14:16 3.2 Distances and the Organum Directorium
00:18:20 3.3 Prime meridian and magnetic pole
00:19:52 3.4 Geography
00:24:25 3.5 Navigatonal inaccuracy
00:25:38 3.6 Decorative features
00:28:18 4 Texts of the map
00:28:28 4.1 Summary of the legends
00:30:25 4.2 Legend texts
00:30:55 4.3 Minor texts
00:31:04 5 Bibliography
00:37:25 6 Further reading
00:37:35 7 Map bibliography
00:38:08 7.1 Atlases and map collections
00:40:30 7.2 World maps before 1569
00:42:13 7.3 Regional maps before 1569
00:42:53 7.4 World maps using the Mercator projection after 1569



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SUMMARY
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The Mercator world map of 1569 is titled Nova et Aucta Orbis Terrae Descriptio ad Usum Navigantium Emendate Accommodata (Renaissance Latin for "New and more complete representation of the terrestrial globe properly adapted for use in navigation"). The title shows that Gerardus Mercator aimed to present contemporary knowledge of the geography of the world and at the same time 'correct' the chart to be more useful to sailors. This 'correction', whereby constant bearing sailing courses on the sphere (rhumb lines) are mapped to straight lines on the plane map, characterizes the Mercator projection. While the map's geography has been superseded by modern knowledge, its projection proved to be one of the most significant advances in the history of cartography, inspiring map historian Nordenskiöld to write "The master of Rupelmonde stands unsurpassed in the history of cartography since the time of Ptolemy." The projection heralded a new era in the evolution of navigation maps and charts and it is still their basis.
The map is inscribed with a great deal of text. The framed map legends (or cartouches) cover a wide variety of topics: a dedication to his patron and a copyright statement; discussions of rhumb lines, great circles and distances; comments on some of the major rivers; accounts of fictitious geography of the north pole and the southern continent. The full Latin texts and English translations of all the legends are given below. Other minor texts are sprinkled about the map. They cover such topics as the magnetic poles, the prime meridian, navigational features, minor geographical details, the voyages of discovery and myths of giants and cannibals. These minor texts are also given below.
A comparison with world maps before 1569 shows how closely Mercator drew on the work of other cartographers and his own previous works, but he declares (Legend 3) that he was also greatly indebted to many new charts prepared by Portuguese and Spanish sailors in the portolan tradition. Earlier cartographers of world maps had largely ignored the more accurate practical charts of sailors, and vice versa, but the age of discovery, from the closing decade of the fifteenth century, stimulated the integration of these two mapping traditions: Mercator's world map is one of the earliest fruits of this merger.