Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-05

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials


00:01:59 1 Background
00:03:35 2 Academic commentary
00:09:03 3 History of removals
00:10:10 4 Organizations encouraging monument removal
00:10:48 5 Destruction of monuments
00:12:00 6 Laws hindering removals
00:14:20 7 Public opinion
00:15:04 8 What to do with the plinths (pedestals)
00:16:59 9 Removed monuments and memorials
00:17:09 9.1 National
00:17:29 9.2 Alabama
00:19:13 9.3 Alaska
00:19:39 9.4 Arizona
00:20:12 9.5 Arkansas
00:20:50 9.6 California
00:22:55 9.7 Colorado
00:23:13 9.8 District of Columbia
00:24:18 9.9 Florida
00:31:38 9.10 Georgia
00:33:25 9.11 Kansas
00:34:12 9.12 Kentucky
00:35:31 9.13 Louisiana
00:41:48 9.14 Maine
00:42:06 9.15 Maryland
00:44:50 9.16 Massachusetts
00:45:12 9.17 Mississippi
00:45:46 9.18 Missouri
00:46:42 9.19 Montana
00:47:14 9.20 Nevada
00:47:41 9.21 New Mexico
00:47:56 9.22 New York
00:48:47 9.23 North Carolina
00:54:18 9.24 Ohio
00:55:19 9.25 Oklahoma
00:55:49 9.26 South Carolina
00:56:27 9.27 Tennessee
00:59:55 9.28 Texas
01:08:04 9.29 Utah
01:08:20 9.30 Vermont
01:09:14 9.31 Virginia
01:15:51 9.32 Washington (state)
01:18:29 9.33 Wisconsin
01:19:40 9.34 Canada
01:20:08 10 See also
01:20:51 11 Further reading
01:23:37 11.1 Video



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SUMMARY
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For decades in the U.S., there have been isolated incidents of removal of Confederate monuments and memorials, although generally opposed in public opinion polls, and several U.S. States have passed laws over 115 years to hinder or prohibit further removals.
In the wake of the Charleston church shooting in June 2015, several municipalities in the United States removed monuments and memorials on public property dedicated to the Confederate States of America. The momentum accelerated in August 2017 after the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia. The removals were driven by the belief that the monuments glorify white supremacy and memorialize a treasonous government whose founding principle was the perpetuation and expansion of slavery. Many of those who object to the removals, like President Trump, believe that the artifacts are part of the cultural heritage of the United States.The vast majority of these Confederate monuments were built during the era of Jim Crow laws (1877–1954) and the Civil Rights Movement (1954–1968). Detractors claim that they were not built as memorials but as a means of intimidating African Americans and reaffirming white supremacy. The monuments have thus become highly politicized; according to Eleanor Harvey, a senior curator at the Smithsonian American Art Museum and a scholar of Civil War history: "If white nationalists and neo-Nazis are now claiming this as part of their heritage, they have essentially co-opted those images and those statues beyond any capacity to neutralize them again".In some Southern states, state law restricts or prohibits altogether the removal or alteration of public Confederate monuments. According to Stan Deaton, senior historian at the Georgia Historical Society, "These laws are the Old South imposing its moral and its political views on us forever more. This is what led to the Civil War, and it still divides us as a country. We have competing visions not only about the future but about the past."