Jainism | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-03-17

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism


00:03:07 1 Main principles
00:03:17 1.1 Non-violence (iahimsa/i)
00:06:54 1.2 Many-sided reality (ianekāntavāda/i)
00:12:10 1.3 Non-attachment (iaparigraha/i)
00:14:35 1.4 Jain ethics and five vows
00:17:19 2 Practices
00:17:29 2.1 Asceticism
00:19:37 2.2 Food and fasting
00:22:21 2.3 Meditation
00:24:48 2.4 Rituals and worship
00:29:59 2.5 Festivals
00:34:17 2.6 Monasticism
00:38:07 2.7 Supplementary vows and iSallekhana/i
00:39:00 3 Traditions and sects
00:39:10 3.1 Digambaras and Śvētāmbaras
00:43:58 3.2 Other sub-traditions
00:45:23 3.3 Gender and spiritual liberation
00:46:25 4 Beliefs and philosophy
00:46:36 4.1 iDravya/i (Substance)
00:48:02 4.1.1 iJīva/i (Soul), iAjīva/i (Non-Soul)
00:51:36 4.2 iTattva/i (Reality)
00:53:21 4.3 Soul and Karma
00:57:44 4.4 Saṃsāra
01:00:26 4.5 Cosmology
01:05:45 4.6 God
01:07:38 4.7 Epistemology
01:08:57 4.8 Salvation, liberation
01:10:13 5 Scriptures and texts
01:15:35 5.1 Influence on Indian literature
01:18:36 6 Comparison with Buddhism and Hinduism
01:23:39 7 Art and architecture
01:26:49 7.1 Temples
01:31:44 7.2 Pilgrimages
01:33:26 7.3 Statues and sculptures
01:35:58 7.4 Symbols
01:36:16 7.4.1 Swastika
01:37:24 7.4.2 Symbol of iAhiṃsā/i
01:37:54 7.4.3 iOm/i
01:38:42 7.4.4 Jain emblem
01:40:03 7.4.5 Jain flag
01:41:20 7.4.6 iAshtamangala/i
01:42:05 8 History
01:42:14 8.1 Origins
01:44:37 8.2 Political history
01:48:28 8.3 Interaction with other religions
01:53:25 8.4 Colonial era
01:55:47 9 Jains in the modern era
02:01:04 10 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Jainism (), traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient, non-theistic, Indian religion, founded by Jina Mahavira in the 5th century BCE. Followers of Jainism are called "Jains", a word derived from the Sanskrit word jina (victor) and connoting the path of victory in crossing over life's stream of rebirths through an ethical and spiritual life. Jains trace their history through a succession of 24 victorious saviours and teachers known as tirthankaras, with the first being Rishabhanatha, who according to Jain tradition lived millions of years ago, twenty-third being Parshvanatha in 8th century BC and twenty-fourth being the Mahāvīra around 500 BCE. Jains believe that Jainism is an eternal dharma with the tirthankaras guiding every cycle of the Jain cosmology.
The main religious premises of Jainism are ahiṃsā (non-violence), anekāntavāda (many-sidedness), aparigraha (non-attachment) and asceticism. Devout Jains take five main vows: ahiṃsā (non-violence), satya (truth), asteya (not stealing), brahmacharya (celibacy or chastity), and aparigraha (non-attachment). These principles have impacted Jain culture in many ways, such as leading to a predominantly vegetarian lifestyle that avoids harm to animals and their life cycles. Parasparopagraho Jīvānām (the function of souls is to help one another) is the motto of Jainism. Ṇamōkāra mantra is the most common and basic prayer in Jainism.Jainism has two major ancient sub-traditions, Digambaras and Śvētāmbaras; and several smaller sub-traditions that emerged in the 2nd millennium CE. The Digambaras and Śvētāmbaras have different views on ascetic practices, gender and which Jain texts can be considered canonical. Jain mendicants are found in all Jain sub-traditions except Kanji Panth sub-tradition, with laypersons (śrāvakas) supporting the mendicants' spiritual pursuits with resources.
Jainism has between four and five million followers, with most Jains residing in India. Outside India, some of the largest Jain communities are present in Canada, Europe, Kenya, the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, Suriname, Fiji, and the United States. Major Jain festivals include Paryushana and Daslakshana, Mahavir Jayanti, and Diwali.