Outsourcing | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 07/10/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outsourcing


00:00:05 1 Terminology
00:00:11 1.1 Acronyms
00:00:14 2 Overview
00:00:17 2.1 Motivations
00:00:23 2.2 Agreements
00:00:29 3 History
00:00:31 3.1 20th century
00:00:37 3.1.1 IT-enabled services offshore outsourcing
00:00:43 3.2 Early 21st century
00:00:49 3.2.1 Limitations due to growth
00:00:55 3.2.2 Offshore alternatives
00:01:00 3.3 Growth of white-collar outsourcing
00:01:06 4 Reasons for outsourcing
00:01:12 5 Outsourcing models
00:01:18 5.1 Innovation outsourcing
00:01:24 5.2 Co-sourcing
00:01:30 5.2.1 Identity management co-sourcing
00:01:35 5.2.2 Offshore Software R&amp;D Co-sourcing
00:01:41 5.2.2.1 Countries involved in outsourced software R&amp;D
00:01:47 6 Usability issues in offshore development
00:01:53 6.1 Legal issues
00:01:59 6.2 2000-2012 R&amp;D
00:02:04 6.3 Future trends
00:02:10 6.3.1 Changed government outsourcing focus
00:02:16 7 Implications
00:02:19 7.1 Performance measurement
00:02:25 7.2 Management processes
00:02:31 7.2.1 Communications and customer service
00:02:36 7.2.2 Governance
00:02:42 7.2.3 Security
00:02:48 7.2.4 Information Technology
00:02:54 8 Issues and reversals
00:03:00 8.1 Insourcing
00:03:05 8.1.1 Regional insourcing
00:03:11 8.1.2 Net effect on jobs
00:03:17 8.1.3 Insourcing crossbreeds
00:03:23 8.1.4 In the United States
00:03:29 8.2 Standpoint of labor
00:03:34 8.3 Standpoint of government
00:03:40 8.3.1 Government response
00:03:46 8.3.2 Policy-making strategy
00:03:52 8.3.2.1 Competitiveness
00:03:58 8.3.2.2 Industrial policy
00:04:03 8.3.2.3 Environmental policy
00:04:09 8.4 Success stories
00:04:15 8.5 Globalization and socio-economic implications
00:04:18 8.5.1 Industrialization
00:04:24 8.5.2 Growth and income
00:04:30 9 By location
00:04:32 9.1 United States
00:04:38 9.2 Europe
00:04:44 9.3 European Union
00:04:50 9.4 Labor issues in Japan
00:04:56 9.5 China
00:05:02 9.6 Asia
00:05:07 9.7 Defining Near
00:05:13 9.7.1 Nearshoring
00:05:19 9.7.2 Nearsourcing
00:05:25 10 Reasons to near-source
00:05:28 10.1 Culture
00:05:33 10.2 Communication
00:05:39 10.2.1 Overview
00:05:45 11 Visa requirements
00:05:51 12 Examples
00:05:57 12.1 Print and mail outsourcing
00:06:02 12.2 Marketing outsourcing
00:06:08 12.3 Business process outsourcing
00:06:14 12.3.1 BPO caveats
00:06:20 12.3.2 Technological pressures
00:06:26 12.3.3 Industry size



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SUMMARY
=======
Outsourcing is an agreement in which one company hires another company to be responsible for a planned or existing activity that is or could be done internally,
and sometimes involves transferring employees and assets from one firm to another.
The term outsourcing, which came from the phrase outside resourcing, originated no later than 1981. The concept, which The Economist says "made its presence felt since the time of the Second World War," often involves the contracting of a business process (e.g., payroll processing, claims processing), operational, and/or non-core functions, such as manufacturing, facility management, call center/call centre support).
Outsourcing is also the practice of handing over control of public services to private enterprises, even if on a short-term limited basis.Outsourcing includes both foreign and domestic contracting, and sometimes includes offshoring (relocating a business function to a distant country) or nearshoring (transferring a business process to a nearby country).
Offshoring and outsourcing are not mutually inclusive: there can be one without the other. They can be intertwined (Offshore outsourcing), and can be individually or jointly, partially or completely reversed, involving terms such as reshoring, inshoring, and insourcing.