Rayon | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-05

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayon


00:01:51 1 Rayon and its variants
00:02:01 1.1 Nitrocellulose
00:03:45 1.2 Acetate
00:06:49 1.3 Cuprammonium method
00:07:37 1.4 Viscose method
00:10:30 1.5 Lyocell
00:11:07 1.6 Modal
00:12:13 2 Major fiber properties
00:13:41 3 Gallery of textures
00:13:51 4 Physical structure
00:14:39 5 Production method
00:15:07 5.1 The steps
00:21:03 6 Environment and Sustainability
00:24:08 7 Disposal and biodegradability
00:25:16 8 Alternative to cotton
00:25:55 8.1 Mislabelling
00:26:48 8.2 Impact on U.S. textile industry
00:27:39 9 Producers
00:30:23 10 See also



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SUMMARY
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Rayon is a manufactured fiber made from natural sources such as wood and agricultural products that are regenerated as cellulose fiber. The many types and grades of rayon can imitate the feel and texture of natural fibers such as silk, wool, cotton, and linen. The types that resemble silk are often called artificial silk. 
Rayon is manufactured from natural cellulose, and hence is not considered to be synthetic. Technically, the term synthetic fiber is reserved for fully synthetic fibers. In manufacturing terms, rayon is classified as "a fiber formed by regenerating natural materials into a usable form". Specific types of rayon include viscose, modal and lyocell, each of which differs in the manufacturing process and the properties of the finished product.
Rayon is made from purified cellulose, harvested primarily from wood pulp, which is chemically converted into a soluble compound. It is then dissolved and forced through a spinneret to produce filaments which are chemically solidified, resulting in fibers of nearly pure cellulose. Unless the chemicals are handled carefully, workers can be seriously harmed by the carbon disulfide used to manufacture most rayon. To safeguard the workers from the hazards of the chemicals, new technologies are now applied by the leading manufacturers of viscose to efficiently capture the emissions and recover and recycle the carbon disulfide. These technologies have significantly reduced the risks and have addressed the safety concern related to exposure workers to chemicals.