March (territorial entity) | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-07

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
March (territorial entity)


00:00:52 1 Etymology
00:02:26 2 Historical examples of marches and marks
00:02:37 3 Frankish Empire and successor states
00:02:48 3.1 Marca Hispanica
00:05:35 3.2 Marches set up by Charlemagne
00:06:48 3.3 France
00:08:59 3.4 Germany and Austria
00:09:35 3.4.1 Later medieval marches
00:11:00 3.4.2 Other
00:12:47 3.5 Habsburg Empire
00:12:56 3.6 Italy
00:14:46 4 Hungary
00:16:06 5 Iberia
00:17:10 6 Scandinavia
00:18:36 7 British Isles
00:21:59 7.1 Titles
00:22:28 8 Related concepts
00:22:37 8.1 Abbasid Caliphate
00:22:46 8.2 Armenia
00:23:03 8.3 The Balkans
00:23:15 8.4 Byzantine Empire
00:23:24 8.5 China
00:24:02 8.6 Japan
00:25:14 8.7 Persia (Sassanid Empire)
00:25:23 8.8 Roman Empire
00:25:32 8.9 Ukraine
00:26:43 9 See also



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SUMMARY
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A march or mark was, in broad terms, a medieval European term for any kind of borderland, as opposed to a notional "heartland". More specifically, a march was a border between realms, and/or a neutral/buffer zone under joint control of two states, in which different laws might apply. In both of these senses, marches served a political purpose, such as providing warning of military incursions, or regulating cross-border trade, or both.
Just as counties were traditionally ruled by counts, marches gave rise to titles such as marquess (masculine) or marchioness (feminine) in England, marquis (masculine) or marquise (feminine) in France and Scotland, margrave (Markgraf i.e. "march count"; masculine) or margravine (Markgräfin i.e. "march countess", feminine) in Germany, and corresponding titles in other European states.