Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes


00:01:45 1 Election of 1876
00:01:55 1.1 Nomination and general election
00:05:02 1.2 Post-election dispute
00:08:07 2 Inauguration
00:09:06 3 Administration
00:09:15 3.1 Cabinet
00:10:31 3.2 White House alcohol policy
00:11:30 4 Judicial appointments
00:13:34 5 End of Reconstruction
00:13:44 5.1 Withdrawal from the South
00:15:11 5.2 Voting Rights
00:17:30 6 Civil service reform
00:21:55 7 1877 railroad strike
00:25:01 8 Currency debate
00:27:56 9 Indian policy
00:30:34 10 Pensions and tariffs
00:31:46 11 Foreign affairs
00:35:20 12 Last year in office
00:35:30 12.1 Western tour, 1880
00:36:32 12.2 1880 presidential election
00:38:46 13 Historical reputation



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ

You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts



"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates



SUMMARY
=======
The presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes began on March 4, 1877, when Rutherford B. Hayes was inaugurated as President of the United States, and ended on March 4, 1881. Hayes, the 19th United States president, took office after winning the closely contested 1876 presidential election. He declined to seek re-election and was succeeded by James A. Garfield, a fellow Republican and ally. 
Taking office after an intensely disputed election, Hayes withdrew the last federal troops from the South, ending the Reconstruction Era. He attempted to reconcile the divisions left over from the Civil War and Reconstruction while protecting the civil rights of African-Americans, but largely failed in the latter pursuit. A strong proponent of civil service reform, he challenged his own party in making appointments. Though he was largely unsuccessful in enacting long-term reform, he helped provide a significant impetus for the eventual passage of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act in 1883. 
Insisting that maintenance of the gold standard was essential to economic recovery, he vetoed the Bland–Allison Act. Congress overrode his veto, but Hayes's monetary policy forged a compromise between inflationists and advocates of hard money. He helped put down the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, one of the largest labor strikes in U.S. history, by sending in federal soldiers. His policy toward Western Native Americans anticipated the assimilationist program of the Dawes Act of 1887. In foreign policy, Hayes asserted U.S. influence in Latin America and the continuing primacy of the Monroe Doctrine. Polls of historians and political scientists generally rank Hayes as an average president.