Spacecraft magnetometer | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-02

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacecraft_magnetometer


00:01:26 1 Magnetometer types
00:02:03 1.1 Fluxgate magnetometers
00:03:59 1.1.1 Vector sensors
00:04:57 1.1.2 Ring core and spherical
00:06:18 1.2 Search-coil magnetometer
00:08:26 1.3 Ionized gas magnetometers
00:08:35 1.3.1 Heavy metal &#8212; scalar
00:09:26 1.3.2 Helium
00:10:08 1.4 Other types
00:10:39 2 Configurations of magnetometers
00:11:44 2.1 Uniaxial
00:12:23 2.2 Diaxial
00:13:13 2.3 Triaxial
00:15:26 2.4 Dual technique
00:17:47 2.5 By Mounting
00:19:05 3 Examples
00:19:28 4 See also



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SUMMARY
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Spacecraft magnetometers are magnetometers used aboard spacecraft and satellites, mostly for scientific investigations, plus attitude sensing. Magnetometers are among the most widely used scientific instruments in exploratory and observation satellites. These instruments were instrumental in mapping the Van Allen radiation belts around Earth after its discovery by Explorer 1, and have detailed the magnetic fields of the Earth, Moon, Sun, Mars, Venus and other planets and moons. There are ongoing missions using magnetometers, including attempts to define the shape and activity of Saturn's core.
The first spacecraft-borne magnetometer was placed on the Sputnik 3 spacecraft in 1958 and the most detailed magnetic observations of the Earth have been performed by the Magsat and Ørsted satellites. Magnetometers were taken to the Moon during the later Apollo missions. Many instruments have been used to measure the strength and direction of magnetic field lines around Earth and the solar system.
Spacecraft magnetometers basically fall into three categories: fluxgate, search-coil and ionized gas magnetometers. The most accurate magnetometer complexes on spacecraft contain two separate instruments, with a helium ionized gas magnetometer used to calibrate the fluxgate instrument for more accurate readings. Many later magnetometers contain small ring-coils oriented at 90° in two dimensions relative to each other forming a triaxial framework for indicating direction of magnetic field.