Wood | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-02

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Wood


00:01:30 1 History
00:02:30 2 Physical properties
00:02:40 2.1 Growth rings
00:04:22 2.2 Knots
00:07:48 2.3 Heartwood and sapwood
00:13:23 2.4 Color
00:15:44 2.5 Water content
00:17:15 2.6 Structure
00:19:14 2.7 Earlywood and latewood
00:19:23 2.7.1 In softwood
00:21:40 2.7.2 In ring-porous woods
00:25:52 2.7.3 In diffuse-porous woods
00:27:00 2.8 Monocot wood
00:27:52 2.9 Specific gravity
00:28:45 2.10 Wood density
00:29:32 3 Hard and soft woods
00:30:37 4 Chemistry of wood
00:32:17 4.1 Extractives
00:32:49 5 Uses
00:32:58 5.1 Fuel
00:33:24 5.2 Construction
00:34:57 5.2.1 Wood flooring
00:35:51 5.2.2 Engineered wood
00:37:20 5.3 Furniture and utensils
00:37:43 5.4 Next generation wood products
00:38:25 5.5 In the arts
00:39:02 5.6 Sports and recreational equipment
00:40:10 6 Bacterial degradation



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SUMMARY
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Wood is a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. It is an organic material, a natural composite of cellulose fibers that are strong in tension and embedded in a matrix of lignin that resists compression. Wood is sometimes defined as only the secondary xylem in the stems of trees, or it is defined more broadly to include the same type of tissue elsewhere such as in the roots of trees or shrubs. In a living tree it performs a support function, enabling woody plants to grow large or to stand up by themselves. It also conveys water and nutrients between the leaves, other growing tissues, and the roots. Wood may also refer to other plant materials with comparable properties, and to material engineered from wood, or wood chips or fiber.
Wood has been used for thousands of years for fuel, as a construction material, for making tools and weapons, furniture and paper. More recently it emerged as a feedstock for the production of purified cellulose and its derivatives, such as cellophane and cellulose acetate.
As of 2005, the growing stock of forests worldwide was about 434 billion cubic meters, 47% of which was commercial. As an abundant, carbon-neutral renewable resource, woody materials have been of intense interest as a source of renewable energy. In 1991 approximately 3.5 billion cubic meters of wood were harvested. Dominant uses were for furniture and building construction.