Brer Caleb, Ph.D. vs. Jesus Christ!
Channel: Brer Caleb, Ph.D. Deception Protocol Simplified!
Date: 2021-07-14

Brer Caleb, Ph.D. vs. Jesus Christ!
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Hub-and-spoke conspiracy. 
In law school, you might learn criminal law, which teaches two types of conspiracies: a "Hub-And-Spoke Conspiracy" and a "Chain Conspiracy." 

In a "Hub-And-Spoke Conspiracy," a central mastermind, or "hub," controls numerous "spokes," or secondary co-conspirators. These co-conspirators participate in independent transactions with the individual or group of individuals at the "hub" that collectively further a single, illegal enterprise.

The United States v. Newton, 326 F.3d 253, 255 n.2 (1st Cir. 2003).

In a hub-and-spoke conspiracy, many parties conspire directly with one "hub" or main party and do not conspire with each other. As the Court of Appeals for the First Circuit explained:

The United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit explained the concept in these terms: In a "hub-and-spoke conspiracy," a central mastermind, or "hub," controls numerous "spokes," or secondary co-conspirators. These co-conspirators participate in independent transactions with the individual or group of individuals at the "hub" that collectively further a single, illegal enterprise. 

The United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit explained the concept in these terms: Such a conspiracy involves a hub, generally the dominant purchaser or supplier in the relevant market, and the spokes, made up of the distributors involved in the conspiracy. The rim of the wheel is the connecting agreement among the horizontal competitors (distributors) that form the spokes. 

The antitrust cases often emphasize the importance of interdependence among the spokes and their recognition of one another. The general criminal cases, such as narcotics conspiracy prosecutions, tend to require only a more general knowledge among the spokes that there is a larger overall unlawful scheme involving other actors who are cooperating with the hub in carrying out the scheme. It is controversial, particularly in the antitrust cases, how much knowledge spoke actor’s must-have of the conduct of other spoke actors—which is to say how much of a "rim" must be put around the "wheel" of the hub-and-spoke conspiracy for it to be a single conspiracy rather than many separate "vertical" conspiracies. There is controversy and some uncertainty over the legal status of the "rimless" conspiracy—one with limited interaction among the spokes.

To prove a hub and spoke conspiracy, there must be direct or circumstantial evidence of an agreement among the competitors that make up the rim. In this regard, jurisprudence in the United States has made it clear that “rimless” wheels do not give rise to a hub and spoke conspiracy as that term is used in antitrust law. For example, as stated by the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in its decision in Guitar Centre, “what is a wheel without a rim?”

Absent direct evidence of a horizontal agreement makes it difficult to find sufficient evidence to show a connecting agreement between the horizontal competitors to form the rim. When this is the case, courts generally look for circumstantial evidence – or “plus factors” – that may allow them to infer a horizontal agreement. As discussed in more detail in the United States’ submission to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development on the hub and spoke arrangements, these factors include, but are not limited to, the following: (a) the spokes acting against their self-interest; (b) the spokes knowing about agreements with other spokes and expecting reciprocity; (c) abrupt changes to business practices; (d) bid-rigging among the spokes; (e) communication among the spokes; or (f) communications from hubs to spokes regarding other spokes’ intentions.

Like our Liver, Lungs, Spleen & Heart are all connected and need to work together to make us function as complete and functional Human beings. In other words, it is our achievement of knowledge, understanding, peace, change, and truth. 

Our individual choices of both thought and action shape our life. Each of us has the responsibility to either ignore or do something about our current problems. Acknowledge that small problems which go often unnoticed, are the ones that created our "Big Problems" affecting us all today. 


Biting the Rubber Bullet
There are many issues at stake, but we will only deal with facts for argument's sake. A problem like this should not have happened in our society, but it did. We depend on these facts, for without we have an empty hypothesis.
Let us take each step in stride and understand that we are not attacking anyone but exposing the facts. It is not a dirt for dollars campaign, for it is called the road Restorative Justice. I love the Bible, and I love historical films, with prophets like Moses, Yahshua. Thus, the question, what does one concern the other?