Rhotic consonant | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-17

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Rhotic consonant


00:01:35 1 Types
00:06:24 2 Characteristics
00:07:58 3 Variable rhoticity
00:08:08 3.1 English
00:08:28 3.2 Other Germanic languages
00:09:51 3.3 Astur-Leonese
00:10:48 3.4 Catalan
00:11:52 3.5 French
00:12:10 3.6 Indonesian and Malaysian Malay
00:12:29 3.7 Khmer
00:12:43 3.8 Portuguese
00:13:15 3.9 Spanish
00:14:06 3.10 Thai
00:14:24 3.11 Turkish
00:15:12 3.12 Uyghur
00:15:46 3.13 Yaqui
00:16:09 3.14 Lacid
00:17:01 3.15 Kurdish
00:17:42 4 See also



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SUMMARY
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In phonetics, rhotic consonants,  or "R-like" sounds, are liquid consonants that are traditionally represented orthographically by symbols derived from the Greek letter rho, including ⟨R⟩, ⟨r⟩ in the Latin script and ⟨Р⟩, ⟨p⟩ in the Cyrillic script. They are transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet by upper- or lower-case variants of Roman ⟨R⟩, ⟨r⟩: r,  ɾ, ɹ, ɻ, ʀ, ʁ, ɽ, and ɺ.
This class of sounds is difficult to characterise phonetically; from a phonetic standpoint, there is no single articulatory correlate (manner or place) common to rhotic consonants. Rhotics have instead been found to carry out similar phonological functions or to have certain similar phonological features across different languages. Although some have been found to share certain acoustic peculiarities, such as a lowered third formant, further study has revealed that this does not hold true across different languages.  For example, the acoustic quality of lowered third formants pertains almost exclusively to American varieties of English. Being "R-like" is an elusive and ambiguous concept phonetically and the same sounds that function as rhotics in some systems may pattern with fricatives, semivowels or even stops in others—for example, "t" in American English "water" is often pronounced as an alveolar tap, a rhotic consonant in many other languages.Some languages have rhotic and non-rhotic varieties, which differ in the incidence of rhotic consonants. In non-rhotic accents of English, /r/ is not pronounced unless it is followed directly by a vowel.