Thermometer | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-24

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermometer


00:00:53 1 Temperature
00:01:48 1.1 Early developments
00:05:30 1.2 Era of precision thermometry
00:07:11 2 Registering
00:08:28 3 Physical principles of thermometry
00:11:56 3.1 Thermometric materials
00:14:23 3.2 Constant volume thermometry
00:14:55 3.3 Radiometric thermometry
00:15:47 4 Primary and secondary thermometers
00:17:05 5 Calibration
00:19:17 6 Precision, accuracy, and reproducibility
00:22:02 7 Indirect methods of temperature measurement
00:25:38 8 Applications
00:26:50 8.1 Nanothermometry
00:27:29 8.2 Cryometer
00:27:42 8.3 Medical
00:28:26 8.4 Food and food safety
00:29:26 8.5 Environmental
00:30:19 9 See also



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SUMMARY
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A thermometer is a device that measures temperature or a temperature gradient. A thermometer has two important elements: (1) a temperature sensor (e.g. the bulb of a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the digital sensor in an infrared thermometer) in which some change occurs with a change in temperature; and (2) some means of converting this change into a numerical value (e.g. the visible scale that is marked on a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the digital readout on an infrared model). Thermometers are widely used in technology and industry to monitor processes, in meteorology, in medicine, and in scientific research.
Some of the principles of the thermometer were known to Greek philosophers of two thousand years ago. The modern thermometer gradually evolved from the thermoscope with the addition of a scale in the early 17th century and standardisation through the 17th and 18th centuries.