Food allergies | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-12

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Food allergies


00:02:15 1 Signs and symptoms
00:03:54 2 Cause
00:06:02 2.1 Sensitization
00:06:36 2.2 Atopy
00:07:03 2.3 Cross-reactivity
00:07:52 3 Pathophysiology
00:10:19 3.1 Acute response
00:12:23 3.2 Late-phase response
00:13:09 4 Diagnosis
00:17:51 4.1 Differential diagnosis
00:18:46 5 Prevention
00:19:51 5.1 Inhalation exposure
00:20:50 6 Treatment
00:21:53 6.1 Epinephrine
00:22:26 6.2 Antihistamines
00:22:59 6.3 Steroids
00:23:40 7 Epidemiology
00:25:30 7.1 United States
00:26:01 8 Society and culture
00:27:35 8.1 Regulation of labelling
00:28:12 8.1.1 Ingredients intentionally added
00:30:28 8.1.2 Trace amounts as a result of cross-contamination
00:33:43 8.2 Genetically modified food
00:36:18 9 Research
00:38:03 10 See also



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SUMMARY
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A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food. The symptoms of the allergic reaction may range from mild to severe. They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure. This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure. When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis. A food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions, not due to an immune response.Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit. The common allergies vary depending on the country. Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness. Allergies occur when immunoglobulin E (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binds to food molecules. A protein in the food is usually the problem. This triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine. Diagnosis is usually based on a medical history, elimination diet, skin prick test, blood tests for food-specific IgE antibodies, or oral food challenge.Early exposure to potential allergens may be protective. Management primarily involves avoiding the food in question and having a plan if exposure occurs. This plan may include giving adrenaline (epinephrine) and wearing medical alert jewelry. The benefits of allergen immunotherapy for food allergies is unclear, thus is not recommended as of 2015. Some types of food allergies among children resolve with age, including that to milk, eggs, and soy; while others such as to nuts and shellfish typically do not.In the developed world, about 4% to 8% of people have at least one food allergy. They are more common in children than adults and appear to be increasing in frequency. Male children appear to be more commonly affected than females. Some allergies more commonly develop early in life, while others typically develop in later life. In developed countries, a large proportion of people believe they have food allergies when they actually do not have them. The declaration of the presence of trace amounts of allergens in foods is not mandatory in any country, with the exception of Brazil.