The Active Learning Method: Optimise for Retention
Channel: Psychology Tricks
Date: 08/05/2021

The Active Learning Method: Optimise for Retention. 

"Active learning" means you participate, collaborate with others, and apply concepts to the real world. It requires hard mental effort but leads to better retention and an understanding of the material that can be transferred to other situations. 

The 2 fundamental questions
To understand why active learning works so well, it helps to know that when our brain decides what to remember, it asks itself two fundamental questions: Can I understand? And do I need to know?

When you ask "Can I understand?" your brain always puts the new information on the foundation of existing knowledge. If the foundation is missing the brain has no idea what to do with it and as a result, it throws it away. In other words, your brain needs to build foundational neuron connections for new information to attach to – which is both why active learning is more mental work, but also essential for learning.

When we ask ourselves: "Do I need to know?" Our brain separates between the material it finds worth to remember and the one it can forget. If it's unlikely that new information will ever be used again, the brain is smart enough to throw it away. If your brain finds that the information is needed again, say it could increase your social status, the brain will store it in long-term memory. To stay there and be easily recalled, you just have to periodically use or think of it. 

Active learning in classrooms
To understand how active learning is applied in classrooms, let's look at the teachings of Prof Carl Wieman, a Nobel prize-winning physicist and a leading proponent of the method. There are four steps to it.

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