Nobility | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 23/06/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobility


00:02:15 1 History
00:05:12 2 Noble privileges
00:07:54 3 Ennoblement
00:09:13 4 Rank within the nobility
00:14:39 5 Other terms
00:16:19 6 Europe
00:19:53 7 Asia
00:20:29 7.1 China
00:24:01 7.2 Islamic world
00:25:44 7.3 Japan
00:26:45 7.4 Philippines
00:27:34 7.4.1 Recognition by the Spanish Crown
00:28:33 7.4.2 Filipino nobles during the Spanish era
00:31:36 7.4.3 Current istatus questionis/i
00:34:12 8 Africa
00:35:05 8.1 Ethiopia
00:38:35 8.2 Madagascar
00:40:12 8.3 Nigeria
00:42:02 9 Latin America
00:42:49 9.1 Brazil
00:44:23 10 Pacific Islands
00:45:15 11 Nobility by nation
00:45:32 11.1 Africa
00:46:22 11.2 America
00:46:51 11.3 Asia
00:47:35 11.4 Europe
00:49:19 11.5 Oceania



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SUMMARY
=======
Nobility is a social class  normally ranked immediately under royalty and found in some societies that have a formal aristocracy.  Nobility possesses more acknowledged privileges and higher social status than most other classes in society.  The privileges associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles, or may be largely honorary (e.g., precedence), and vary by country and era. As referred to in the Medieval chivalric motto "noblesse oblige" ("nobility obliges"), nobles can also carry a lifelong duty to uphold various social responsibilities, such as honorable behavior, customary service, or leadership positions. Membership in the nobility, including rights and responsibilities, is typically hereditary. 
Membership in the nobility has historically been granted by a monarch or government, unlike other social classes where membership is determined solely by wealth, lifestyle, or affiliation. Nonetheless, acquisition of sufficient power, wealth, military prowess, or royal favour has occasionally enabled commoners to ascend into the nobility.There are often a variety of ranks within the noble class. Legal recognition of nobility has been more common in monarchies, but nobility also existed in such regimes as the Dutch Republic (1581–1795), the Republic of Genoa (1005–1815), the Republic of Venice (697–1797), and the Old Swiss Confederacy (1300–1798), and remains part of the legal social structure of some non-hereditary regimes, e.g., Channel Islands, San Marino, and the Vatican City in Europe.
Hereditary titles and styles added to names (such as "Prince" or "Lord" or "Lady"), as well as honorifics often distinguish nobles from non-nobles in conversation and written speech. In many nations most of the nobility have been un-titled, and some hereditary titles do not indicate nobility (e.g., vidame).  Some countries have had non-hereditary nobility, such as the Empire of Brazil or life peers in the United Kingdom.