Planetary protection | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 20/03/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_protection


00:00:49 1 History
00:05:19 2 COSPAR recommendations and categories
00:11:05 2.1 Mars special regions
00:11:53 3 Target categories
00:12:39 3.1 Category I
00:13:03 3.2 Category II
00:13:36 3.3 Provisional Category II
00:16:31 3.4 Category III / IV
00:17:15 3.5 Category V
00:18:07 3.6 Other objects
00:18:32 4 The Coleman-Sagan equation
00:22:00 4.1 Critiques
00:24:33 5 Containment and quarantine for restricted Category V sample return
00:28:35 6 Decontamination procedures
00:34:44 6.1 Bioburden detection and assessment
00:35:41 6.2 Challenges
00:37:21 6.3 New methods
00:38:22 7 Impact prevention
00:39:49 7.1 Issues with impact prevention
00:41:29 8 Controversies
00:41:39 8.1 Meteorite argument
00:42:20 8.2 Rebuttal by NRC
00:43:54 8.3 Proposal to end planetary protection for Mars
00:44:36 8.4 Critique of Category V containment measures
00:45:18 9 Policy proposals
00:45:28 9.1 Non-biological contamination
00:46:31 9.2 Proposed extensions
00:49:36 9.3 Protecting objects beyond the Solar System
00:50:10 10 See also



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SUMMARY
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Planetary protection is a guiding principle in the design of an interplanetary mission, aiming to prevent biological contamination of both the target celestial body and the Earth in the case of sample-return missions. Planetary protection reflects both the unknown nature of the space environment and the desire of the scientific community to preserve the pristine nature of celestial bodies until they can be studied in detail.There are two types of interplanetary contamination. Forward contamination is the transfer of viable organisms from Earth to another celestial body.  Back contamination is the transfer of extraterrestrial organisms, if such exist, back to the Earth's biosphere.