Vaishnavism | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-08

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaishnavism


00:01:14 1 History
00:01:45 1.1 Origins
00:01:53 1.1.1 Northern India
00:04:32 1.1.2 Southern India
00:05:45 1.2 Gupta era
00:06:04 1.3 Early medieval period
00:06:58 1.4 Later medieval period
00:08:17 1.5 Modern times
00:08:43 2 Beliefs
00:08:52 2.1 Theism with many varieties
00:10:32 2.1.1 Vishnuism and Krishnaism
00:11:25 2.1.2 Vishnu
00:11:53 2.1.3 Krishna
00:13:12 2.1.4 Radha Krishna
00:14:20 2.1.5 Dashavatara
00:14:48 2.2 Restoration of dharma
00:15:50 3 Texts
00:16:25 3.1 Scriptures
00:16:33 3.1.1 Vedas and Upanishads
00:17:29 3.1.1.1 Vaishnava Upanishads
00:18:30 3.1.2 Bhagavad Gita
00:19:51 3.1.3 Vaishnava Agamas
00:21:38 3.2 Other texts
00:21:46 3.2.1 Mahabharata and Ramayana
00:22:49 3.2.2 Puranas
00:25:17 3.2.3 Sectarian texts
00:25:45 3.3 Attitude toward scriptures
00:26:22 4 Practices
00:26:30 4.1 Bhakti
00:27:54 4.2 Tilaka
00:28:34 4.3 Initiation
00:29:16 4.4 Pilgrimage sites
00:29:40 4.5 Holy places
00:30:22 5 Traditions
00:30:31 5.1 Four sampradayas and other sects
00:31:51 5.2 Early traditions
00:31:59 5.2.1 Bhagavats
00:32:42 5.2.2 Pancaratra
00:34:07 5.2.2.1 Vaikhanasas
00:34:49 5.3 Medieval traditions
00:34:57 5.3.1 Smartism
00:35:48 5.3.2 Alvars
00:36:42 5.4 Contemporary traditions
00:36:55 5.4.1 Sri Vaishnava
00:39:12 5.4.2 Gaudiya Vaishnavism
00:40:32 5.4.3 Varkari-tradition and Vithoba-worship
00:42:17 5.4.4 Ramanandi tradition
00:43:04 5.4.5 Northern Sant tradition
00:44:34 6 Vaishnavism versus other Hindu traditions
00:44:56 7 Demography
00:46:42 8 Academic study
00:47:22 9 Mantras
00:47:38 10 See also



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SUMMARY
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Vaishnavism (Vaishnava dharma) is one of the major traditions within Hinduism along with Shaivism, Shaktism, and Smarthism. It is also called Vishnuism (paternal), its followers are called Vaishnavas (maternal), and it considers Vishnu as the Supreme Lord.The tradition is notable for its avatar doctrine, wherein Vishnu is revered in one of many distinct incarnations. Of these, ten avatars of Vishnu are the most studied. Rama, Krishna, Narayana, Kalki, Hari, Vithoba, Kesava, Madhava, Govinda, and Jagannath are among the popular names used for the same supreme being. The tradition has traceable roots to the 1st millennium BCE, as Bhagavatism, also called Krishnaism. Later developments led by Ramananda created a Rama-oriented movement, now the largest monastic group in Asia. The Vaishnava tradition has many sampradayas (denominations, sub-schools) ranging from the medieval era Dvaita school of Madhvacharya to Vishishtadvaita school of Ramanuja. New Vaishnavism movements have been founded in the modern era such as the ISKCON of A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami.The tradition is known for the loving devotion to an avatar of Vishnu (often Krishna), and it has been key to the spread of the Bhakti movement in South Asia in the 2nd millennium CE. Key texts in Vaishnavism include the Vedas, the Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita, the Pancaratra (Agama) texts and the Bhagavata Purana.