Retirement of the Space Shuttle | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-17

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_retirement


00:01:43 1 Fate of surviving STS program hardware
00:01:54 1.1 Orbiters
00:06:12 1.2 Payload hardware
00:07:10 1.3 Tiles
00:07:33 1.4 SSME
00:07:52 1.4.1 SSME nozzles
00:08:12 1.5 Canadarm (SRMS) and OBSS
00:08:45 1.6 Information technology
00:09:14 1.7 Other shuttle hardware
00:09:23 1.7.1 Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 A+B
00:11:54 1.7.2 Vehicle Assembly Building
00:12:34 1.7.3 Mobile Launcher Platforms
00:12:56 1.7.4 Crawler-Transporter
00:13:24 1.7.5 Mate-Demate Devices
00:13:41 1.7.6 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft
00:14:32 1.7.7 NASA recovery ships
00:15:11 1.7.8 Orbiter Processing Facility
00:15:45 1.7.9 Shuttle Landing Facility
00:16:19 2 Former planned Space Shuttle successors
00:18:29 2.1 Constellation Program
00:20:48 3 Current and future Space Shuttle successors
00:21:00 3.1 Soyuz
00:23:20 3.2 Orion and the SLS
00:24:45 3.3 ISS crew and cargo resupply
00:26:53 3.3.1 Commercial Resupply Services
00:28:19 3.3.2 Commercial Crew Program
00:29:52 4 Gallery
00:30:01 5 See also



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SUMMARY
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The retirement of NASA's Space Shuttle fleet took place from March to July 2011. Discovery was the first of the three active space shuttles to be retired, completing its final mission on March 9, 2011; Endeavour did so on June 1. The final shuttle mission was completed with the landing of Atlantis on July 21, 2011, closing the 30-year Space Shuttle program.
The Shuttle was presented to the public in 1972 as a "space truck" which would, among other things, be used to build a United States space station in low earth orbit in the early 1990s and then be replaced by a new vehicle. When the concept of the U.S. space station evolved into that of the International Space Station, which suffered from long delays and design changes before it could be completed, the service life of the Space Shuttle was extended several times until 2011 when it was finally retired.In 2010 the Shuttle was formally scheduled for retirement with Atlantis being taken out of service first after STS-132 in May of that year, but the program was once again extended when the two final planned missions were delayed until 2011. Later, one additional mission was added for Atlantis for July 2011, extending the program further. Counter-proposals to the shuttle's retirement were considered by Congress and the prime contractor United Space Alliance as late as spring 2010.Hardware developed for the Space Shuttle met various ends with conclusion of the program, including donation, disuse and/or disposal, or reuse. An example of reuse, is that one of the three Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) was converted to a permanent module for the International Space Station.