Rocket Launching LIVE: NRO Launch 37 NROL 37 aboard Delta IV Heavy
Channel: Fun Unlimited LLC
Date: 2017-02-25

Rocket Launching LIVE: NRO Launch 37 NROL 37 aboard Delta IV Heavy
About ULA:
Formed in December 2006, United Launch Alliance (ULA) is a 50-50 joint venture owned by Lockheed Martin and The Boeing Company. ULA brings together two of the launch industry’s most experienced and successful teams – Atlas and Delta – to provide reliable, cost-efficient space launch services for the U.S.

How rockets are launched:
When people hear the word 'rocket' - the first thing that comes to their mind is space-exploration. These days even a child knows that rockets are launched to leave the Earth behind and explore the solar system. But what many people may not know is that around the year 1044, Rockets were developed in medieval China. The first useful rocket application other than pyrotechnics was in the year 1232, by way of the Chinese against the Mongols at the siege of Kai-Feng-Fue. Later from 1750 AD to 1799 AD Haider Ali and Tippu Sultan (Sultans of Mysore, in south India) perfected the rocket's use for military adventures. Tipu Sultan, the king of Mysore, is known as the father of modern missile technology when he first used the 2 k.m. missiles against the British troops in the Third Anglo-Mysore war at the end of 18th century.


Rockets work on the principle of the third law of motion - action and reaction are equal and opposite. A space rocket is a vehicle with a very powerful engine designed to carry people and/or equipment away from the Earth and out into space. Since there's not enough oxygen in outer space to fuel the kind of conventional engine we'd find on a jet aircraft, the rocket engine operates by carrying its own oxygen (oxidizer) to enable the combustion of its contents (fuel), providing thrust as in a jet engine but without depending on the intake of air for combustion. Space rockets need great speed and a huge amount of energy to escape the pull of gravity. A certain speed - 40,000 km per hour - is needed to overcome the gravitational pull of the Earth and it is known as 'escape velocity'.



The biggest part of a rocket is the propulsion system—the engine - that provides the power to lift it into the sky. Modern rockets have main engines powered by a liquid fuel (such as liquid hydrogen) and liquid oxygen - that are pumped-in from huge tanks. The fuel (also called the propellant) and oxygen (called the oxidizer) are stored at low temperatures and high pressures (cryogenic) so more can be carried in tanks of a given size, which means the rocket can go further on the same volume of fuel. External solid rocket boosters (SRBs) that assist a main rocket engine typically burn solid fuel. Here is the typical sequence:

Liftoff: 
At liftoff, the rocket weighs up to 800 tonnes, of which the payload represents only about 10 tonnes. In other words, the cargo represents just 1 percent of the total weight of the rocket! To put this huge mass into space, Ariane 5 has to produce a total of about 1340 tonnes of thrust: 1200 tonnes from the two solid rocket boosters (SRBs) and 140 tonnes from the main engine. At liftoff, the main engine fires first; the SRBs start up a few seconds later after liftoff.

SRBs jettisoned:
The SRBs fire for about two and a half minutes before separating from the rocket when it reaches an altitude of about 70 km. The spent SRBs reenter Earth's atmosphere and fall into the Atlantic Ocean.

Payload fairing jettisoned:
Once the rocket is safely outside Earth's atmosphere, about three minutes after launch and an altitude above 100 km, explosive charges split the protective fairing carrying the payload apart and it's jettisoned.

Cryogenic main engine jettisoned:
The main engine fires for about nine minutes in total (from the launch), during which time it burns 25 tonnes of liquid hydrogen and 150 tonnes of liquid oxygen. At a height of about 200 km, the main stage shuts down and is jettisoned from the rest of the craft. It also reenters Earth's atmosphere, destined for the ocean.

Upper stage moves into orbit:
The upper stage engine ignites and positions the remainder of the rocket in orbit before shutting down roughly 25 minutes into the mission at an altitude of 640 km.

First satellite separates: 
Just over 27 minutes into the mission, the first satellite splits away and maneuvers itself into orbit, leaving the second satellite still attached to the launch vehicle.

Second satellite separates:
About 35 minutes into the mission, the second satellite splits away and maneuvers into orbit.

End of mission: 
The entire mission takes roughly 50 minutes from launch to completion.


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