Europium | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-25

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europium


00:00:51 1 Characteristics
00:01:00 1.1 Physical properties
00:01:45 1.2 Chemical properties
00:02:03 1.2.1 Eu(II) vs. Eu(III)
00:03:15 1.3 Isotopes
00:04:44 1.3.1 Europium as a nuclear fission product
00:06:40 1.4 Occurrence
00:08:40 2 Production
00:10:03 3 Compounds
00:13:08 3.1 Halides
00:13:43 3.2 Chalcogenides and pnictides
00:13:59 4 History
00:14:33 5 Applications
00:15:38 6 Precautions
00:18:20 7 References
00:20:34 8 External links



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts



"There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance."
- Socrates



SUMMARY
=======
Europium is a chemical element with symbol Eu and atomic number 63. It was isolated in 1901 and is named after the continent of Europe. It is a moderately hard, silvery metal which readily oxidizes in air and water. Being a typical member of the lanthanide series, europium usually assumes the oxidation state +3, but the oxidation state +2 is also common. All europium compounds with oxidation state +2 are slightly reducing. Europium has no significant biological role and is relatively non-toxic compared to other heavy metals. Most applications of europium exploit the phosphorescence of europium compounds. Europium is one of the least abundant elements in the universe; only about 5×10−8% of all matter in the universe is europium.