Korean shamanism | Wikipedia audio article
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Date: 2018-11-24

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Korean shamanism

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SUMMARY
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Korean shamanism, also known as Shinism (Hangul 신교, Hanja 神敎; Shingyo or Shinkyo, "religion of the spirits/gods"), or Shindo (Hangul: 신도; Hanja: 神道, "way of the spirits/gods"), is the collective term for the ethnic religions of Korea which date back to prehistory, and consist in the worship of gods (신 shin) and ancestors (조상 josang). When referring specifically to the shamanic practice (Hangul: 무속, Hanja: 巫俗; musog or musok), the term Muism (Hangul:무교, Hanja: 巫敎; Mugyo or Mukyo, "religion of the mu [shamans]") is used.The general word for "shaman" in Korean language is mu (Hangul: 무, Hanja: 巫). In contemporary terminology, they are called mudang (무당, 巫堂) if female or baksu if male, although other terms are used locally. The Korean word mu is synonymous of the Chinese word wu 巫, which defines both male and female shamans. The role of the mudang is to act as intermediary between the spirits or gods and humanity in order to solve hitches in the development of life, through the practice of gut rituals.Central to Korean shamanism is the belief in a supreme God and supreme mind, Haneullim or Hwanin, meaning "source [im, in] of all being [haneul, hwan]" and of all gods of nature, The mu are described as descendants of the "Heavenly King", son of the "Holy Mother", with the investiture passing down through female lineage. Other myths relate the shamans to Dangun, male son of the Heavenly King and founder of the Korean nation.Muism is related to Chinese Wuism, Japanese Shinto, and to the Siberian, Mongolian, and Manchurian shamanic traditions. According to some scholars, the Korean ancestral god Dangun is related to the north Asian supreme Tengri ("Heaven"), which is the force embodied by both the shaman and the prince. Hereditary shamans, who are typical of South Korea, are called tangur or tangol (당골), or tangur-ari, a word considered related to the Siberian Tengri. Mudang are similar to Japanese miko and Ryukyuan yuta. Korean shamanism has influenced some Korean new religions, such as Cheondoism and Jeungsanism, and some Christian churches in Korea make use of practices rooted in shamanism.