Gettysburg Campaign | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: Subhajit Sahu
Date: 2018-12-05

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Gettysburg Campaign


00:02:30 1 Background
00:02:39 1.1 Lee's plans
00:05:07 2 Opposing forces
00:05:16 2.1 Confederate forces
00:06:29 2.2 Union forces
00:08:45 3 Campaign timeline
00:09:05 4 Lee's advance to Gettysburg
00:11:51 4.1 Brandy Station
00:14:45 4.2 Winchester
00:18:38 4.3 Hooker's pursuit
00:21:58 4.4 The invasion of Pennsylvania
00:25:21 4.5 Stuart's raid
00:30:49 4.6 Dix's advance against Richmond
00:32:37 4.7 Meade assumes command
00:34:26 4.8 Lee concentrates his army
00:36:33 5 Battle of Gettysburg
00:41:51 6 Lee's retreat to Virginia
00:52:21 7 Aftermath
00:54:16 8 See also
00:54:45 9 Notes



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SUMMARY
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The Gettysburg Campaign was a military invasion of Pennsylvania by the main Confederate army under General Robert E. Lee in summer 1863.  The Union won a decisive victory at Gettysburg July 1–3, with heavy casualties on both sides. Lee managed to escape back to Virginia with most of his army.  It was a turning point in the American Civil War, with Lee increasingly pushed back toward Richmond until his surrender in April 1865. After his victory in the Battle of Chancellorsville, Lee's Army of Northern Virginia moved north for a massive raid designed to obtain desperately needed supplies, to undermine civilian morale in the North, and to encourage anti-war elements. The Union Army of the Potomac was commanded by Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker and then (from June 28) by Maj. Gen. George G. Meade.
Lee's army slipped away from Federal contact at Fredericksburg, Virginia, on June 3, 1863. The largest predominantly cavalry battle of the war was fought at Brandy Station on June 9. The Confederates crossed the Blue Ridge Mountains and moved north through the Shenandoah Valley, capturing the Union garrison at Winchester, Virginia, in the Second Battle of Winchester, June 13–15. Crossing the Potomac River, Lee's Second Corps advanced through Maryland and Pennsylvania, reaching the Susquehanna River and threatening the state capital of Harrisburg. However, the Army of the Potomac was in pursuit and had reached Frederick, Maryland, before Lee realized his opponent had crossed the Potomac. Lee moved swiftly to concentrate his army around the crossroads town of Gettysburg.
The Battle of Gettysburg was the largest of the war. Starting as a chance meeting engagement on July 1, the Confederates were initially successful in driving Union cavalry and two infantry corps from their defensive positions, through the town, and onto Cemetery Hill. On July 2, with most of both armies now present, Lee launched fierce assaults on both flanks of the Union defensive line, which were repulsed with heavy losses on both sides. On July 3, Lee focused his attention on the Union center. The defeat of his massive infantry assault, Pickett's Charge, caused Lee to order a retreat that began the evening of July 4.
The Confederate retreat to Virginia was plagued by bad weather, difficult roads, and numerous skirmishes with Union cavalry. However, Meade's army did not maneuver aggressively enough to prevent Lee from crossing the Potomac to safety on the night of July 13–14.