Aquatic-terrestrial subsidies | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 04/07/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic-terrestrial_subsidies


00:01:01 1 Ecological importance of aquatic subsidies
00:01:57 2 Measuring aquatic-terrestrial connections
00:02:34 3 See also



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SUMMARY
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Energy and nutrients derived from aquatic ecosystems and transferred to terrestrial ecosystems are termed aquatic-terrestrial subsidies or, more simply, aquatic subsidies. The most common examples of aquatic subsidies involve organisms that move across habitat boundaries and deposit their nutrients as they decompose in terrestrial habitats or are consumed by terrestrial predators, such as spiders, lizards, birds, and bats. This phenomenon is exemplified by aquatic insects that develop within streams and lakes before emerging as winged adults and moving to terrestrial habitats. Fish removed from aquatic ecosystems by terrestrial predators are another important example. Conversely, the flow of energy and nutrients from terrestrial ecosystems to aquatic ecosystems are considered terrestrial subsidies; both aquatic subsidies and terrestrial subsidies are types of cross-boundary subsidies.