Watergate scandal | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Watergate scandal


00:03:03 1 Wiretapping of the Democratic Party's headquarters
00:08:26 2 Cover-up and its unraveling
00:08:36 2.1 Initial cover-up
00:10:40 2.2 Money trail
00:15:03 2.3 Role of the media
00:19:15 2.4 Scandal escalates
00:23:21 2.5 Senate Watergate hearings and revelation of the Watergate tapes
00:25:15 2.6 "Saturday Night Massacre"
00:26:33 2.7 Legal action against Nixon Administration members
00:27:40 2.8 Release of the transcripts
00:30:14 2.9 Supreme Court
00:31:03 2.10 Release of the tapes
00:33:20 3 Final investigations and resignation
00:34:25 3.1 "Smoking Gun" tape
00:37:18 3.2 Resignation
00:40:56 4 President Ford's pardon of Nixon
00:43:38 5 Aftermath
00:43:47 5.1 Final legal actions and effect on the law profession
00:50:41 5.2 Political and cultural reverberations
00:53:34 6 Purpose of the break-in
00:56:50 7 Reactions
00:56:59 7.1 Australia
00:57:27 7.2 China
00:58:19 7.3 Japan
00:59:09 7.4 Singapore
01:00:15 7.5 Soviet Union
01:01:17 7.6 United Kingdom
01:01:56 7.7 Other international reactions
01:02:57 7.8 Domestic reactions
01:03:53 8 See also



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SUMMARY
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The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal that occurred in the United States during the early 1970s, following a break-in by five men at the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C. on June 17, 1972, and President Richard Nixon's administration's subsequent attempt to cover up its involvement. After the five burglars were caught, and the conspiracy was discovered—chiefly through the work of a few journalists, Congressional staffers and an election-finance watchdog official—Watergate was investigated by the United States Congress. Meanwhile, Nixon's administration resisted its probes, which led to a constitutional crisis.The term Watergate, by metonymy, has come to encompass an array of clandestine and often illegal activities undertaken by members of the Nixon administration. Those activities included such dirty tricks as bugging the offices of political opponents and people of whom Nixon or his officials were suspicious. Nixon and his close aides also ordered investigations of activist groups and political figures, using the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as political weapons.The scandal led to the discovery of multiple abuses of power by members of the Nixon administration, an impeachment process against the president that led to articles of impeachment, and Nixon's resignation. The scandal also resulted in the indictment of 69 people, with trials or pleas resulting in 48 being found guilty, many of whom were top Nixon officials.The affair began with the arrest of five men for breaking into the DNC headquarters at the Watergate complex on Saturday, June 17, 1972. The FBI investigated and discovered a connection between cash found on the burglars and a slush fund used by the Committee for the Re-Election of the President (CRP), the official organization of Nixon's campaign. In July 1973, evidence mounted against the president's staff, including testimony provided by former staff members in an investigation conducted by the Senate Watergate Committee. The investigation revealed that Nixon had a tape-recording system in his offices and that he had recorded many conversations.After a series of court battles, the Supreme Court of the United States unanimously ruled that the president was obligated to release the tapes to government investigators (United States v. Nixon). The tapes revealed that Nixon had attempted to cover up activities that took place after the break-in, and to use federal officials to deflect the investigation.
Facing virtually certain impeachment in the House of Representatives and equally certain conviction by the Senate, Nixon resigned the presidency on August 9, 1974, preventing the House from impeaching him. On September 8, ...