Electric lighting | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-02

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_light


00:02:48 1 Types
00:05:12 1.1 Incandescent light bulb
00:06:43 1.1.1 Halogen lamp
00:08:04 1.2 Fluorescent lamp
00:09:49 1.3 LED lamp
00:11:17 1.4 Carbon arc lamp
00:12:50 1.5 Discharge lamp
00:14:41 1.6 Form factors
00:15:15 2 Lamp life expectancy
00:16:24 3 Public lighting
00:17:06 4 Uses other than illumination
00:18:05 5 Lamp circuit symbols
00:18:25 6 See also



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SUMMARY
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An electric light is a device that produces visible light from electric current. It is the most common form of artificial lighting and is essential to modern society, providing interior lighting for buildings and exterior light for evening and nighttime activities. In technical usage, a replaceable component that produces light from electricity is called a lamp. Lamps are commonly called light bulbs; for example, the incandescent light bulb. Lamps usually have a base made of ceramic, metal, glass or plastic, which secures the lamp in the socket of a light fixture. The electrical connection to the socket may be made with a screw-thread base, two metal pins, two metal caps or a bayonet cap.
The three main categories of electric lights are incandescent lamps, which produce light by a filament heated white-hot by electric current, gas-discharge lamps, which produce light by means of an electric arc through a gas, and LED lamps, which produce light by a flow of electrons across a band gap in a semiconductor.
Before electric lighting became common in the early 20th century, people used candles, gas lights, oil lamps, and fires. Cornish chemist Humphry Davy developed the first incandescent light in 1802, followed by the first practical electric arc light in 1806. By the 1870s, Davy's arc lamp had been successfully commercialized, and was used to light many public spaces. The development of a steadily glowing filament suitable for interior lighting took longer, but by the early twentieth century inventors had successfully developed options, replacing the arc light with incandescents.The energy efficiency of electric lighting has increased radically since the first demonstration of arc lamps and the incandescent light bulb of the 19th century. Modern electric light sources come in a profusion of types and sizes adapted to many applications. Most modern electric lighting is powered by centrally generated electric power, but lighting may also be powered by mobile or standby electric generators or battery systems. Battery-powered light is often reserved for when and where stationary lights fail, often in the form of flashlights, electric lanterns, and in vehicles.