Kumis | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-10

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Kumis


00:01:11 1 Terminology and etymology
00:01:55 2 Production of mare's milk
00:02:54 3 Nutritional properties of mare's milk
00:03:49 4 Production
00:05:12 5 History
00:07:25 6 Health
00:08:34 7 Consumption
00:09:52 8 Cultural role
00:10:34 9 See also



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SUMMARY
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Kumis (also spelled kumiss or koumiss or kumys, see other transliterations and cognate words below under terminology and etymology -  Kazakh: қымыз, qymyz) is a fermented dairy product traditionally made from mare's milk. The drink remains important to the peoples of the Central Asian steppes, of Huno-Bulgar, Turkic and Mongol origin: Kazakhs, Bashkirs, Kalmyks, Kyrgyz, Mongols,  and Yakuts.Kumis is a dairy product similar to kefir, but is produced from a liquid starter culture, in contrast to the solid kefir "grains". Because mare's milk contains more sugars than cow's or goat's milk, when fermented, kumis has a higher, though still mild, alcohol content compared to kefir.
Even in the areas of the world where kumis is popular today, mare's milk remains a very limited commodity. Industrial-scale production, therefore, generally uses cow's milk, which is richer in fat and protein, but lower in lactose than the milk from a horse. Before fermentation, the cow's milk is fortified in one of several ways. Sucrose may be added to allow a comparable fermentation. Another technique adds modified whey to better approximate the composition of mare's milk.