CNN Health: Kidney stones on the rise in US, study suggests
Channel: Tey Yomiko
Date: 2018-02-14

Kidney stones on the rise in US, study suggests

Kidney stones may be increasing among both men and women in the US, a new study says.

The study, published Monday in the journal Mayo Clinic Proceedings, looks at the prevalence of kidney stones over a period of almost three decades — from 1984 to 2012 — among more than 10,000 residents of Minnesota.

Kidney stones increased more than fourfold among women and more than twofold among men, it found.

Young women ages 18 to 39 had the highest increase in cases, jumping from 62 to 252 cases (per 100,000 person-years) from 1984 to 2012. One person-year is a year lived by each participant for the duration of the study.

“What we’re seeing is an interesting combination of things; certainly, they’ve gone up quite a bit both in men and women,” said Dr. John Lieske, a professor of medicine at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, and a lead author of the study.

“The absolute increase has been similar, but because women started out quite a bit lower 30 years ago, their proportion increases quite a bit more.”

Kidney stones are relatively common, affecting around 10% of people at some point in their lives. They are caused by solid pieces of material that crystallize in the kidney, ureters or bladder due to a number of genetic and environmental factors, Lieske said.

“A lot of it is related to genetics,” he said. “Too much calcium in the urine is certainly a factor in many of these patients but not all of them, and then there’s other things that come into play related to diet and not drinking enough fluids.”

Kidney stones are notoriously painful and can cause “renal colic” that comes in waves and spreads from the lower back to the inner thigh, according to Dr. Ralph Clayman, a professor of urology at the University of California, Irvine and an expert on kidney stone disease.

“They call it male childbirth,” said Clayman, who was not involved in the study. “It’s extremely, excruciatingly painful. Renal colic is very painful, and a lot of times, people need opioids in order to manage the pain.”
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