Gastropod | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-28

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastropoda


00:02:25 1 Etymology
00:03:04 2 Diversity
00:04:40 3 Habitat
00:06:04 4 Anatomy
00:08:21 4.1 Shell
00:08:58 4.2 Body wall
00:09:28 4.3 Sensory organs and nervous system
00:10:44 4.4 Digestive system
00:11:29 4.5 Respiratory system
00:12:14 4.6 Circulatory system
00:12:33 4.7 Excretory system
00:13:05 4.8 Reproductive system
00:13:36 5 Life cycle
00:14:30 6 Feeding behavior
00:15:34 7 Genetics
00:16:15 8 Geological history and evolution
00:19:15 8.1 Cladogram
00:19:36 9 Taxonomy



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SUMMARY
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The gastropods (), more commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca, called Gastropoda. This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from the land. There are many thousands of species of sea snails and slugs, as well as freshwater snails, freshwater limpets, and land snails and slugs.
The class Gastropoda contains a vast total of named species, second only to the insects in overall number. The fossil history of this class goes back to the Late Cambrian. As of  2017, 721 families of gastropods are known, of which 245 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record, while 476 are currently extant with or without a fossil record.Gastropoda (previously known as univalves and sometimes spelled "Gasteropoda") are a major part of the phylum Mollusca, and are the most highly diversified class in the phylum, with 65,000 to 80,000 living snail and slug species. The anatomy, behavior, feeding, and reproductive adaptations of gastropods vary significantly from one clade or group to another. Therefore, it is difficult to state many generalities for all gastropods.
The class Gastropoda has an extraordinary diversification of habitats. Representatives live in gardens, woodland, deserts, and on mountains; in small ditches, great rivers and lakes; in estuaries, mudflats, the rocky intertidal, the sandy subtidal, in the abyssal depths of the oceans including the hydrothermal vents, and numerous other ecological niches, including parasitic ones.
Although the name "snail" can be, and often is, applied to all the members of this class, commonly this word means only those species with an external shell big enough that the soft parts can withdraw completely into it. Those gastropods without a shell, and those with only a very reduced or internal shell, are usually known as slugs; those with a shell into which they can partly but not completely withdraw are termed semi-slugs.
The marine shelled species of gastropod include species such as abalone, conches, periwinkles, whelks, and numerous other sea snails that produce seashells that are coiled in the adult stage—though in some, the coiling may not be very visible, for example in cowries. In a number of families of species, such as all the various limpets, the shell is coiled only in the larval stage, and is a simple conical structure after that.