Cambrian explosion | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 10/05/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambrian_explosion


00:01:00 1 History and significance
00:08:13 1.1 Dating the Cambrian
00:09:08 1.2 Body fossils
00:13:19 1.3 Trace fossils
00:14:25 1.4 Geochemical observations
00:15:24 1.5 Phylogenetic techniques
00:18:05 2 Explanation of key scientific terms
00:18:17 2.1 Phylum
00:20:05 2.2 Stem group
00:21:08 2.3 Triploblastic
00:22:02 2.4 Bilaterian
00:23:11 2.5 Coelomate
00:24:06 3 Precambrian life
00:24:39 3.1 Evidence of animals around 1 billion years ago
00:27:05 3.2 Fossils of the Doushantuo formation
00:28:01 3.3 Burrows
00:31:00 3.4 Ediacaran organisms
00:33:56 3.5 Beck Spring Dolomite
00:35:52 4 Ediacaran–Early Cambrian skeletonisation
00:41:07 5 Cambrian life
00:41:17 5.1 Trace fossils
00:41:48 5.2 Small shelly fauna
00:43:11 5.3 Early Cambrian trilobites and echinoderms
00:44:19 5.4 Burgess Shale type faunas
00:46:42 5.5 Early Cambrian crustaceans
00:49:08 5.6 Early Ordovician radiation
00:49:48 6 Stages
00:52:57 7 Validity
00:58:11 7.1 The Cambrian explosion as survivorship bias
00:59:06 8 Possible causes
00:59:54 8.1 Changes in the environment
01:00:05 8.1.1 Increase in oxygen levels
01:04:12 8.1.2 Ozone formation
01:04:54 8.1.3 Snowball Earth
01:05:57 8.1.4 Increase in the calcium concentration of the Cambrian seawater
01:06:58 8.2 Developmental explanations
01:09:35 8.3 Ecological explanations
01:10:22 8.3.1 End-Ediacaran mass extinction
01:11:20 8.3.2 Anoxia
01:11:48 8.3.3 Evolution of eyes
01:13:23 8.3.4 Arms races between predators and prey
01:15:40 8.3.5 Increase in size and diversity of planktonic animals
01:18:36 8.4 Ecosystem engineering
01:19:31 8.5 Complexity threshold
01:21:10 9 Uniqueness of the explosion
01:23:55 10 See also
01:24:11 11 Notes
01:24:21 11.1 Footnotes
01:24:30 11.2 Citations
01:24:40 12 Further reading
01:32:28 13 External links



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SUMMARY
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The Cambrian explosion or Cambrian radiation was an event approximately 541 million years ago in the Cambrian period when most major animal phyla appeared in the fossil record. It lasted for about 13  –25 million years and resulted in the divergence of most modern metazoan phyla. The event was accompanied by major diversification of other organisms.Before the Cambrian explosion, most organisms were simple, composed of individual cells occasionally organized into colonies. As the rate of diversification subsequently accelerated, the variety of life began to resemble that of today. Almost all present animal phyla appeared during this period.