METALS AND NON METALS
Channel: SCHOLAR PATHSHALA
Date: 2021-05-24

Hello! TOPIC: METALS AND NON METALS
It proceeds like this, 
Metals are the elements that conduct heat and electricity, and are malleable and ductile. Examples: Iron, Aluminium, Copper, Silver, Gold, Platinum, Zinc, Tin, Lead, Mercury, Sodium, Potassium etc. 
Metals are the elements (except hydrogen) which form positive ions by losing electrons (or donating electrons). Metals are known as electropositive elements because they can form positive ions by losing electrons. The most abundant metal in the earth’s crust is aluminium. 

Non-metals are the elements that do not conduct heat and electricity, and are neither malleable nor ductile. They are brittle. Examples: Carbon, Sulphur, Phosphorus, Silicon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Helium, Neon, Argon etc. Diamond and graphite, are also non-metals. 
Non-metals are the elements which form negative ions by gaining electrons (or accepting electrons). Non-metals are known as electronegative elements because they can form negative ions by gaining electrons. The most abundant non-metal in the earth’s crust is oxygen. 

Physical properties of metals: 
1. Metals are malleable, that is, metals can be beaten into thin sheets with a hammer (without breaking). 
2. Metals are ductile, that is, metals can be drawn or stretched into thin wires. 
3. Metals are good conductors of heat. 
4. Metals are good conductors of electricity. 
5. Metals are lustrous and can be polished. 
6. Metals are generally hard (except sodium and potassium which are soft metals). 
7. Metals are strong. 
8. Metals are solids at room temperature (except mercury which is a liquid metal). 
9. Metals have high melting points and boiling points (except sodium and potassium metals which have low melting and boiling points). 
10. Metals have high densities (except sodium and potassium metals which have low densities) 
11. Metals are sonorous. That is, metals make sound when hit with an object. 
12. Metals usually have a silver or grey colour (except copper and gold). 

Physical properties of non-metals: 
1. Non-metals are neither malleable nor ductile. Non-metals are brittle. 
2. Non-metals do not conduct heat and electricity. 
3. Non-metals are not lustrous. They are dull. 
4. Non-metals are generally soft (except diamond which is an extremely hard non-metal). 
5. Non-metals are not strong. They are easily broken. 
6. Non-metals may be solid, liquid or gases at the room temperature. 
7. Non-metals have comparatively low melting points and boiling points. 
8. Non-metals have low densities, that is, non-metals are light. 
9. Non-metals are non-sonorous. They do not produce sound when hit with an object. 
10. Non-metals have many different colours. 

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