Scientific freedom | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-16

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_freedom


00:01:24 1 Historical background
00:04:52 2 Rationale
00:08:19 3 For academic staff
00:08:56 3.1 Canada
00:11:07 3.2 France
00:12:24 3.3 Germany
00:13:52 3.4 Mauritius
00:17:04 3.5 Netherlands
00:18:10 3.6 Philippines
00:20:10 3.7 South Africa
00:21:51 3.8 New Zealand
00:23:01 3.9 United States
00:24:56 3.9.1 Academic freedom for colleges and universities (institutional autonomy)
00:27:09 3.9.2 Relationship to freedom of speech
00:29:15 3.9.3 Controversies
00:29:23 3.9.3.1 Evolution debate
00:31:35 3.9.3.2 Communism
00:32:06 3.9.3.3 The "Academic bill of rights"
00:37:00 4 Pontifical universities
00:37:48 5 Specific cases
00:38:32 5.1 The Bassett Affair at Duke University
00:39:47 5.2 Professor Mayer and DeGraff of The University of Missouri
00:40:42 5.3 Professor Rice of Rollins College
00:41:42 5.4 William Shockley
00:42:32 5.5 President Summers of Harvard
00:43:35 5.6 Duke Lacrosse Scandal
00:44:10 5.7 Professor Khan of the University of KwaZulu-Natal
00:44:53 5.8 Author J Michael Bailey of Northwestern University
00:45:54 5.9 Professor Li-Ann of New York University School of Law
00:46:30 5.10 Professor Robinson of the University of California at Santa Barbara
00:47:11 5.11 The Diliman Affair of the University of the Philippines
00:48:01 5.12 Professor Salaita of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
00:48:32 5.13 Professor Guth of Kansas University
00:49:38 6 See also



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"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates


SUMMARY
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Academic freedom is the conviction that the freedom of inquiry by faculty members is essential to the mission of the academy as well as the principles of academia, and that scholars should have freedom to teach or communicate ideas or facts (including those that are inconvenient to external political groups or to authorities) without being targeted for repression, job loss, or imprisonment.
Academic freedom is a contested issue and, therefore, has limitations in practice. In the United States, for example, according to the widely recognized "1940 Statement on Academic Freedom and Tenure" of the American Association of University Professors, teachers should be careful to avoid controversial matters that are unrelated to the subject discussed. When they speak or write in public, they are free to express their opinions without fear from institutional censorship or discipline, but they should show restraint and clearly indicate that they are not speaking for their institution. Academic tenure protects academic freedom by ensuring that teachers can be fired only for causes such as gross professional incompetence or behavior that evokes condemnation from the academic community itself.