Thomas F. Bayard | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Thomas F. Bayard


00:02:07 1 Early life and family
00:04:11 2 Civil War and Reconstruction
00:07:39 3 United States Senator
00:07:49 3.1 Reaction to Reconstruction
00:10:31 3.2 Specie resumption
00:12:47 3.3 Election of 1876
00:16:49 3.4 Gold standard
00:19:10 3.5 Clashes with Hayes
00:21:36 3.6 Election of 1880
00:25:05 3.7 Budget surplus and civil service reform
00:28:14 3.8 Election of 1884
00:30:47 4 Secretary of State
00:30:56 4.1 Samoa and Hawaii
00:33:36 4.2 Relations with Britain
00:37:48 5 Return to private life
00:38:56 6 Ambassador to Great Britain
00:42:21 7 Death and legacy
00:44:54 8 See also



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SUMMARY
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Thomas Francis Bayard  (October 29, 1828 – September 28, 1898) was an American lawyer, politician, and diplomat from Wilmington, Delaware. A Democrat, he served three terms as United States Senator from Delaware and made three unsuccessful bids for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States.  In 1885, President Grover Cleveland appointed him Secretary of State.  After four years in private life, he returned to the diplomatic arena as Ambassador to the United Kingdom.
Born in Delaware to a prominent family, Bayard learned politics from his father, James A. Bayard Jr., who also served in the Senate. In 1869, the Delaware legislature elected Bayard to the Senate upon his father's retirement.  A Peace Democrat during the Civil War, Bayard spent his early years in the Senate in opposition to Republican policies, especially the Reconstruction of the defeated Confederacy.  His conservatism extended to financial matters, as he became known as a staunch supporter of the gold standard and an opponent of greenbacks and silver coinage, which he believed would cause inflation.  Bayard's conservative politics made him popular in the South and with Eastern financial interests, but never popular enough to obtain the Democratic nomination for President, which he attempted to win in 1876, 1880, and 1884.
In 1885, President Cleveland appointed Bayard Secretary of State.  Bayard worked with Cleveland to promote American trade in the Pacific while avoiding the acquisition of colonies at a time when many Americans clamored for them.  He sought increased cooperation with Great Britain, working to resolve disputes over fishing and seal-hunting rights in the waters around the Canada–United States border.  As ambassador, Bayard continued to strive for Anglo-American friendship. This brought him into conflict with his successor at the State Department, Richard Olney, when Olney and Cleveland demanded more aggressive diplomatic overtures than Bayard wished in the Venezuela Crisis of 1895.  His term at the American embassy ended in 1897, and he died the following year.