Psychoanalytic Theory on Instincts, Motivation, Personality & Development
Channel: Psychology Tricks
Date: 2021-05-21

Psychoanalytic Theory on Instincts, Motivation, Personality & Development 

Sigmund Freud is one of the most famous names in psychology, even though most of his ideas have been abandoned by modern psychology his psychoanalytic theory formed the basis for many current psychodynamic theories, Freud was the first to discuss the unconscious mind and its role in human behavior. 

Freud believed that there were three levels of consciousness, first is the unconscious mind which exists outside of your awareness at all times, next is the pre conscious mind which includes all information that you're not currently aware of but that can be recalled, finally the conscious mind is your current state of awareness. 

Remember the cartoons used to watch as a child, the main character is confronted with a choice on his left shoulder is a little devil pushing him toward a bad choice, on his right shoulder a little angel is encouraging him to make a good choice, he is stuck in the middle and forced to make a decision that will affect him. 

This scenario is much like Freud's theory of personality, there are three parts to personality according to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory, these are the id, super-ego and ego. The id is the first to develop, the ego is second and the super-ego is the last to develop. 

The id is the biological component of the personality and include your instincts, the it operates in our unconscious mind it is like the little devil sitting on that cartoon characters shoulder that's always selfish and needy it, operates according to the pleasure principle. The pleasure principle is the idea that all of your needs should be met immediately. 

Then there's the super ego, the super-ego exists in all three levels of consciousness, the super egos like the little angel is always concerned with what is socially acceptable, the super-ego pushes you to obtain the ego ideal or your view of what is right, it also represents your conscience or your view of what is considered to be wrong. 

Finally we have the ego, the ego operates in your preconscious in conscious mind, the ego is part of the personality that makes sure decisions, this is like the cartoon character in the example.

The ego is in the middle makes the decision and faces the consequences, the ego operates according to the reality principle, the reality principle is the idea that the desires of the id must be satisfied in a method that is both socially appropriate and realistic, the ego must mediate the demands of the id, the super-ego and reality. 

You now know how our consciousness interacts to determine behavior according to Freud, but what motivates our behavior? The answer to this is that we are motivated by our instincts. 

Freud described two types of instincts, life instincts or one motivational drive described by Freud, also uses the term libido or sexual energy for life instinct. 

Life instincts serve the purpose of survival and encourage growth development and creativity. 

#Psychoanalytic_Theory

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