Counterfactual conditional | Wikipedia audio article
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Date: 2018-11-26

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Counterfactual conditional

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SUMMARY
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A counterfactual conditional (abbreviated CF), is a conditional containing an if-clause which is contrary to fact. The term "counterfactual conditional" was coined by Nelson Goodman in 1947, extending Roderick Chisholm's (1946) notion of a "contrary-to-fact conditional". The study of counterfactual speculation has increasingly engaged the interest of scholars in a wide range of domains such as philosophy, human geography, psychology, cognitive psychology, history, political science, economics, social psychology, law, organizational theory, marketing, and epidemiology.In 1748, when defining causation, David Hume referred to a counterfactual case:

"… we may define a cause to be an object, followed by another, and where all objects, similar to the first, are followed by objects similar to the second. Or in other words, where, if the first object had not been, the second never had existed …" — David Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding.
Counterfactualism is the view that dispositions are a type of counterfactual property.