Scientific rationality | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-05

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rationality


00:01:26 1 Theories
00:01:35 1.1 Max Weber
00:04:47 1.2 Psychology
00:05:58 1.3 Richard Brandt
00:06:19 2 Quality
00:08:48 3 Theoretical and practical
00:10:29 4 Examples in different fields
00:10:39 4.1 Logic
00:11:07 4.2 Economics
00:13:12 4.3 Artificial intelligence
00:14:15 4.4 International relations



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"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates


SUMMARY
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Rationality is the quality or state of being rational – that is, being based on or agreeable to reason. Rationality implies the conformity of one's beliefs with one's reasons to believe, and of one's actions with one's reasons for action. "Rationality" has different specialized meanings in philosophy, economics, sociology, psychology, evolutionary biology, game theory and political science.
To determine what behavior is the most rational, one needs to make several key assumptions, and also needs a logical formulation of the problem. When the goal or problem involves making a decision, rationality factors in all information that is available (e.g. complete or incomplete knowledge). Collectively, the formulation and background assumptions are the model within which rationality applies. Rationality is relative: if one accepts a model in which benefitting oneself is optimal, then rationality is equated with behavior that is self-interested to the point of being selfish; whereas if one accepts a model in which benefiting the group is optimal, then purely selfish behavior is deemed irrational. It is thus meaningless to assert rationality without also specifying the background model assumptions describing how the problem is framed and formulated.