Hokkien | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 02/10/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien


00:01:48 1 Names
00:04:14 2 Geographic distribution
00:06:16 3 Classification
00:08:10 3.1 Southeast Asia
00:09:14 4 History
00:09:46 4.1 Quanzhou
00:10:39 4.2 Zhangzhou
00:11:24 4.3 Xiamen (Amoy)
00:12:44 4.4 Early sources
00:14:52 5 Phonology
00:15:39 5.1 Initials
00:16:32 5.2 Finals
00:16:58 5.3 Vowels
00:17:25 5.4 Tones
00:18:13 6 Dialects
00:20:55 7 Comparison
00:22:10 7.1 Mutual intelligibility
00:23:26 8 Grammar
00:25:42 8.1 Pronouns
00:28:07 8.2 Copula ("to be")
00:29:20 8.3 Negation
00:31:08 9 Vocabulary
00:32:54 9.1 Literary and colloquial readings
00:35:53 9.2 Semantic differences between Hokkien and Mandarin
00:37:13 9.3 Words from Minyue
00:37:46 9.4 Loanwords
00:41:23 10 Standard Hokkien
00:44:47 11 Writing systems
00:44:56 11.1 Chinese script
00:47:55 11.2 Latin script
00:49:33 11.3 Computing
00:51:39 12 Cultural and political role
00:53:07 13 See also



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SUMMARY
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Hokkien (; from Chinese: 福建話; pinyin: Fújiànhuà; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hok-kiàn-ōe, [hoʔ˦kiɛn˨˩ue˧]) or Minnan language (閩南語/闽南语), is a Southern Min language originating from the Minnan region in the south-eastern part of Fujian Province in Southeastern China, and spoken widely there. It is also spoken widely in Taiwan and by the Chinese diaspora in Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, the Philippines and other parts of Southeast Asia, and by other overseas Chinese all over the world. It is the mainstream form of Southern Min.
In comparison to Teochew, Xiamen Hokkien has only 51% intelligibility with it, almost the same as the percentage of intelligibity between Russian and Ukrainian languages, while it has an even lower mutual intelligibilty language with other dialect variants of the Hokkien language. It is also even more distantly related to other variants such as Putian dialect, Hainanese and Leizhou dialect due to historical influences.
Hokkien historically served as the lingua franca amongst overseas Chinese communities of all dialects and subgroups in Southeast Asia, and remains today as the most spoken variety of Chinese in the region, including in Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines and some parts of Indochina (particularly Thailand, Laos and Cambodia).The Betawi Malay language, spoken by some five million people in and around the Indonesian capital Jakarta, includes numerous Hokkien loanwords due to the significant influence of the Chinese Indonesian diaspora, most of whom are of Hokkien ancestry and origin.