Federalism | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-03-20

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalism


00:01:27 1 Overview
00:03:39 1.1 Explanations for adoption of federalist systems
00:04:52 1.2 Immanuel Kant
00:05:27 2 European vs. American federalism
00:08:36 3 Examples of federalism
00:08:45 3.1 Australia
00:09:46 3.2 Brazil
00:11:03 3.3 Canada
00:12:06 3.4 India
00:14:00 3.4.1 Asymmetric federalism
00:14:57 3.4.2 Coalition politics
00:15:30 3.5 Nigeria
00:16:53 3.6 Malaysia
00:17:05 3.7 Pakistan
00:17:41 3.7.1 Levels of government
00:17:53 3.7.1.1 District
00:18:57 3.7.1.2 Tehsil
00:19:50 3.7.1.3 Union Council
00:20:29 3.8 South Africa
00:20:50 3.9 spanFederalism in Europe
00:21:26 3.9.1 French Revolution
00:21:50 3.9.2 European Union
00:23:40 3.9.3 Germany
00:25:32 3.10 Russian Federation
00:26:38 3.11 United Arab Emirates
00:27:02 3.12 United States
00:31:38 3.13 Venezuela
00:32:51 3.14 Federalism with two components
00:33:01 3.14.1 Belgium
00:37:26 3.14.2 Other examples
00:39:01 3.15 Proposed federalism
00:39:18 3.15.1 China
00:40:02 3.15.2 Libya
00:40:40 3.15.3 Myanmar
00:41:13 3.15.4 Philippines
00:42:11 3.15.5 Spain
00:43:50 3.15.6 Sri Lanka
00:43:58 3.15.7 Syria
00:44:05 3.15.8 United Kingdom
00:46:56 4 Federalism and localism in anarchist political theory
00:50:16 5 Christian Church
00:52:10 6 Constitutional structure
00:52:20 6.1 Division of powers
00:58:17 6.2 Bicameralism
00:59:40 6.3 Intergovernmental relations
01:00:08 6.4 Constitutional change
01:01:53 6.5 Other technical terms
01:03:22 7 Federalism as a political philosophy
01:04:29 8 Federalism as a conflict reducing device
01:05:14 9 See also
01:05:23 10 Notes and references
01:05:33 11 External links



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SUMMARY
=======
Federalism is the mixed or compound mode of government, combining a general government (the central or 'federal' government) with regional governments (provincial, state, cantonal, territorial or other sub-unit governments) in a single political system. Its distinctive feature, exemplified in the founding example of modern federalism by the United States of America under the Constitution of 1787, is a relationship of parity between the two levels of government established. It can thus be defined as a form of government in which there is a division of powers between two levels of government of equal status.Federalism differs from confederalism, in which the general level of government is subordinate to the regional level, and from devolution within a unitary state, in which the regional level of government is subordinate to the general level. It represents the central form in the pathway of regional integration or separation, bounded on the less integrated side by confederalism and on the more integrated side by devolution within a unitary state.Leading examples of the federation or federal state include India, the United States, Brazil, Mexico, Russia, Germany, Canada, Switzerland, Argentina, and Australia. Some also today characterize the European Union as the pioneering example of federalism in a multi-state setting, in a concept termed the federal union of states.