Southern fried chicken | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 12/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Southern fried chicken


00:02:19 1 History
00:07:08 2 Description
00:08:44 3 Preparation
00:13:13 4 Global variants
00:14:00 4.1 North America
00:16:42 4.2 Asia
00:18:51 5 Racial stereotype



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SUMMARY
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Fried chicken (also referred to as Southern fried chicken for the variant in the United States) is a dish consisting of chicken pieces usually from broiler chickens which have been floured or battered and then pan-fried, deep fried, or pressure fried. The breading adds a crisp coating or crust to the exterior of the chicken. What separates fried chicken from other fried forms of chicken is that generally the chicken is cut at the joints, and the bones and skin are left intact. Crisp well-seasoned skin, rendered of excess fat, is a hallmark of well made fried chicken.
The first dish known to have been deep fried was fritters, which were popular in the Middle Ages. However, it was the Scottish who were the first Europeans to deep fry their chicken in fat (though without seasoning). Meanwhile, a number of West African peoples had traditions of seasoned fried chicken (though battering and cooking the chicken in palm oil). Scottish frying techniques and West African seasoning techniques were combined by enslaved Africans and African-Americans in the American South.
Prior to the rise of synthetic pesticides in the Second World War and their role in the development of intensive industrial animal farming, chicken meat was a delicacy and very expensive. Eating chicken, including fried chicken, was only enjoyed on special occasions. Then, with intensive chicken husbandry, and especially in the late 1900s and early 2000s with mass-production of fried chicken, the price of the dish has gone down significantly.
When being cooked, fried chicken is often divided into smaller pieces. The chicken is then generally covered in a batter, often consisting of ingredients such as eggs or milk, and a thickener such as flour. This is used to create a crust on the exterior of the meat. In addition, seasoning is often added at this stage. Once the chicken is ready to be cooked, it is placed in a deep fryer, frying pan or pressure cooker (depending on the method used) and fried in lard or a type of oil.
The dish has created a large number of spin-off recipes which are commonly used around the world. For example, Korean fried chicken, a dish which is commonly served as fast food in Korea and is known for being crispier than normal fried chicken. There is also a racial stereotype surrounding fried chicken and African-American people, mostly because it was popular among slaves in the American Civil War.