List of heads of state of France | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-07

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
List of heads of state of France


00:00:11 1 Historical background
00:03:42 2 Merovingian dynasty (486–751)
00:05:06 3 Carolingian dynasty (751–888)
00:05:56 4 Robertian dynasty (888–898)
00:06:29 5 Carolingian dynasty (893–922)
00:06:55 6 Robertian dynasty (922–923)
00:07:08 7 Bosonid dynasty (923–936)
00:07:32 8 Carolingian dynasty (936–987)
00:07:45 9 Capetian dynasty (987–1792)
00:09:38 9.1 House of Capet (987–1328)
00:09:50 9.2 House of Valois (1328–1589)
00:10:01 9.3 House of Lancaster (1422–1453), disputed
00:10:14 9.4 House of Valois (1328–1589)
00:10:25 9.4.1 Orléans branch (1498–1515)
00:10:36 9.4.2 Orléans–Angoulême Branch (1515–1589)
00:10:48 9.5 House of Bourbon (1589–1792)
00:11:00 10 French First Republic (1792–1804)
00:11:12 10.1 Presidents of the National Convention
00:12:13 11 Establishment of the Convention
00:17:23 12 Moderate Phase: September 1792 – June 1793
00:19:04 13 Radical phase: June 1793 – July 1794
00:20:04 14 Reaction: July 1794–1795
00:20:59 14.1 Presidents of the Committee of Public Safety
00:21:14 15 Successor organization
00:21:24 15.1 The Directory
00:22:56 15.2 The Consulate
00:23:04 16 House of Bonaparte, First Empire (1804–1814)
00:23:51 17 Capetian Dynasty (1814–1815)
00:24:04 17.1 House of Bourbon, Bourbon Restoration (1814–1815)
00:24:17 18 House of Bonaparte, First Empire (Hundred Days, 1815)
00:24:30 19 Capetian Dynasty (1815–1848)
00:24:42 19.1 House of Bourbon (1815–1830)
00:24:53 19.2 Revolution of 1830
00:25:22 19.3 House of Orléans, July Monarchy (1830–1848)
00:25:35 20 French Second Republic (1848–1852)
00:25:48 20.1 iDe facto/i heads of state of regimes of 1848
00:26:02 20.2 President of the Republic
00:26:13 21 House of Bonaparte, Second Empire (1852–1870)
00:26:27 22 French Third Republic (1870–1940)
00:26:39 22.1 President of the Government of National Defense
00:26:56 22.2 Chief of the Executive Power
00:27:16 22.3 Presidents of the Republic
00:27:34 22.4 Acting Presidents
00:28:31 23 French State (1940–1944)
00:28:43 23.1 Chief of State
00:28:53 24 Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1947)
00:29:07 24.1 Chairmen of the Provisional Government
00:29:54 25 French Fourth Republic (1947–1958)
00:30:06 25.1 Presidents
00:30:22 26 Fifth French Republic (1958–present)
00:30:33 26.1 Presidents
00:30:59 27 Later pretenders
00:32:27 28 See also
00:33:11 29 Notes, citations and sources



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ

You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts



"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates



SUMMARY
=======
Below is a list of all French heads of state. It includes the monarchs of the Kingdom of France, emperors of the First and Second Empire and leaders of the five Republics.