Surah  TaHa With English Translation
Channel: Talawate Quran
Date: 2020-04-22

Ṭā Hā[1] (/ˈtɑːˈhɑː/; Arabic: طه‎) is the 20th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an with 135 verses (āyāt). It is named "Ṭā Hā" because the chapter starts with the Arabic "mysterious letters": طه (Taha) which is believed one of the names of the prophet Muhammad. Luxenberg's perspective is that the letters Ta-Ha could mean "marvel" or "be amazed!" in Aramaic.[2]

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is traditionally believed to be a Meccan surah, from the second Meccan period (615-619),[3][4] which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, instead of later in Medina.

Among the subjects treated in this chapter are God's call of Moses (Quran 20:10), the Exodus of the Israelites and the crossing of the Red Sea (20:77), the worship of the Golden Calf (20:88) and the Fall of Man (20:120). The main theme of the chapter is about the existence of God. It addresses this theme through stories about Moses and Adam.[5] Sura 20 displays several thematic and stylistic patterns described by Angelika Neuwirth in Jane McAuliffe's book "The Cambridge Companion to the Qur'an."[6] These include the eschatological prophecies of the Quran, signs of God's existence, and debate. Additionally, sura 20 employs what has been termed the "ring structure" to reinforce its central theme.

This is the Chapter that convinced Umar to convert to Islam.[7]

The oldest surviving manuscript containing Chapter Ṭā Hā is a Quranic manuscript[8] in the Mingana Collection identified as having been written on the Birmingham Quran manuscript, dated 0-25 AH.

Summary
1-3 The Quran an admonition from God to the faithful
4-7 God one, a Sovereign King, omniscient, and possessed of most excellent names
The History of Moses
8-10 He sees the burning bush 11-12 God speaks to him out of the fire 13-14 He is chosen and instructed by God
15-17 A day of judgment will surely come
18-24 God bestows on him signs and miracles
25 He is commanded to go to Pharaoh
26-35 Moses prays for the assistance of Aaron
36-42 God reminds Moses of former favors
43-50 He is sent with Aaron to Pharaoh
51-57 Conversation between Pharaoh and Moses
58-59 Pharaoh rejects Moses and accuses him of imposture
60-62 Pharaoh proposes to meet Moses and Aaron with countermiracles 63-64 Moses warns the magicians against deception 65 The magicians dispute among themselves 66 They counsel Pharaoh against Moses 67 Pharaoh encourages the magicians to do their best 68-72 The contest between Moses and the magicians 73 The magicians are converted 74-75 Pharaoh threatens the magicians with dire punishment 75-78 The magicians defy the wrath of Pharaoh, and express hope in God
79-80 God commands Moses to lead the Israelites through the Red Sea 81 Pharaoh pursues them, and is overwhelmed by the sea
82-83 God feeds the Israelites on manna and quails in the desert
83-84 God's treatment of the unbelieving and penitent
85-87 The Israelites worship a golden calf 88-89 Moses reproaches them with idolatry 90-91 They lay the blame on al Sámirí
92-93 The people disobey Aaron
94-95 Moses rebukes Aaron—his apology
96 Sámirí's explanation of his conduct 97-98 Sámirí's doom to social ostracism
102-107 The resurrection and the conduct of those judged on the judgment-day 108 No intercession on that day, except by permission 109-111 The fate of the wicked and reward of the righteous
112-113 The Quran made easy for Muhammad, but he is not to be hasty in repeating it
The Story of Adam
114 Adam disobeys God 115 All the angels worship Adam except Iblís 116-117 Adam warned against Satan 118-119 Satan beguiles Adam and Eve 120-121 God pardons, but expels them from Paradise
122-124 An admonition promised, with penalty of rejection of it
125-127 Infidels will appear in the judgment blind, and reasons for blindness
128-129 The Makkans warned
130-132 Muhammad comforted and encouraged
133-134 The Jews demand a sign, and the Quraish disbelieve
135 God directs Muhammad to proclaim his readiness to wait the final issue of the controversy between them [9]
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