Shipbuilding companies | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-23

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shipyard


00:02:30 1 Pollution
00:04:55 1.1 Solutions&#160;
00:06:17 1.2 Welding
00:08:17 2 History
00:11:00 3 Historic shipyards
00:16:58 4 Prominent dockyards and shipyards
00:17:10 4.1 North America
00:19:58 4.2 South America
00:21:40 4.3 Europe
00:29:24 4.4 East Asia
00:33:10 4.5 South East Asia
00:35:16 4.6 South Asia and the Middle East
00:40:08 5 See also



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SUMMARY
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A shipyard (also called a dockyard) is a place where ships are built and repaired.  These can be yachts, military vessels, cruise liners or other cargo or passenger ships.  Dockyards are sometimes more associated with maintenance and basing activities than shipyards, which are sometimes associated more with initial construction.  The terms are routinely used interchangeably, in part because the evolution of dockyards and shipyards has often caused them to change or merge roles.
Countries with large shipbuilding industries include Australia, Brazil, China, Croatia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, the Philippines, Poland, Romania, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Sweden, Taiwan, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and Vietnam.  The shipbuilding industry is more fragmented in Europe than in Asia where countries tend to have fewer, larger companies.  Many naval vessels are built or maintained in yards owned or operated by the national navy. 
Shipyards are constructed near the sea or tidal rivers to allow easy access for their ships.  The United Kingdom, for example, has shipyards on many of its rivers. 
The site of a large shipyard will contain many specialised cranes, dry docks, slipways, dust-free warehouses, painting facilities and extremely large areas for fabrication of the ships. After a ship's useful life is over, it makes its final voyage to a shipbreaking yard, often on a beach in South Asia. Historically shipbreaking was carried on in drydock in developed countries, but high wages and environmental regulations have resulted in movement of the industry to developing regions.