Latin America | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-14

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Latin America


00:01:57 1 Etymology and definitions
00:02:07 1.1 Origins
00:07:03 1.2 Contemporary definitions
00:10:05 1.3 Subregions and countries
00:10:49 2 History
00:10:57 2.1 Pre-Columbian history
00:12:35 2.2 European colonization
00:14:33 2.2.1 Slavery and forced labor in colonial Latin America
00:17:40 2.3 Independence (1804–25)
00:19:58 2.3.1 Independent Empire of Brazil
00:22:19 2.4 Conservative-liberal conflicts in the 19th century
00:26:01 2.5 British influence in Latin America during the 19th century
00:28:03 2.6 French involvement in Latin America during the 19th century
00:31:25 2.7 American involvement in Latin America during the 19th century
00:31:37 2.7.1 Monroe Doctrine
00:33:24 2.7.2 Mexican–American War (1846–48)
00:35:05 2.8 World wars (1914–45)
00:35:16 2.8.1 World War I and the Zimmermann Telegram
00:36:59 2.8.2 Brazil's participation in World War II
00:40:19 2.8.3 Involvement in World War II
00:40:51 2.9 Cold War (1945–92)
00:41:02 2.9.1 Economy
00:42:27 2.9.2 Reforms
00:43:10 2.9.3 Bureaucratic authoritarianism
00:43:46 2.9.4 US relations
00:45:29 2.9.5 Cuban Revolution
00:46:38 2.9.6 Bay of Pigs Invasion
00:47:12 2.9.7 Alliance for Progress
00:47:47 2.9.8 Nicaraguan Revolution
00:49:34 2.10 Washington Consensus
00:51:23 2.11 Turn to the left
00:52:44 2.12 Return of social movements
00:55:58 2.13 Modern era
00:57:03 3 Demographics
00:57:12 3.1 Largest cities
00:57:27 3.2 Ethnic groups
01:04:19 3.3 Language
01:09:24 3.4 Religion
01:10:04 3.5 Migration
01:12:32 3.6 Education
01:14:46 3.7 Crime and violence
01:17:05 4 Economy
01:17:14 4.1 Size
01:17:38 4.2 Development
01:18:25 4.3 Standard of living
01:19:12 4.4 Environment
01:19:20 5 Inequality
01:20:25 6 Trade blocs
01:21:35 7 Tourism
01:23:39 8 Culture
01:27:56 8.1 Art
01:30:00 8.2 Film
01:33:33 8.3 Literature
01:37:47 8.4 Music and dance
01:42:38 8.5 World Heritage Sites
01:42:54 9 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Latin America is a group of countries and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere where Romance languages such as Spanish, French and Portuguese are predominantly spoken; it is broader than the terms Ibero-America or Hispanic America. The term "Latin America" was first used in an 1856 conference with the title "Initiative of the America. Idea for a Federal Congress of Republics" (Iniciativa de la América. Idea de un Congreso Federal de las Repúblicas),  by the Chilean politician Francisco Bilbao. The term was used by Napoleon III's French government in the 1860s as Amérique latine to consider French-speaking territories in the Americas,  (French Canadians, French Louisiana, French Guiana, Haiti, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy) along with the larger group of countries where Spanish and Portuguese languages prevailed, including the Spanish-speaking portions of the United States (Southwestern United States and Florida) Today, areas of Canada and the United States (with the exception of Puerto Rico) where Spanish, Portuguese and French are predominant are typically not included in definitions of Latin America.
Latin America consists of 13 dependencies and 20 countries which cover an area that stretches from the northern border of Mexico to the southern tip of South America, including the Caribbean. It has an area of approximately 19,197,000 km2 (7,412,000 sq mi), almost 13% of the Earth's land surface area. As of 2016, its population was estimated at more than  639 million and in 2014, Latin America had a combined nominal GDP of US$5,573,397 million and a GDP PPP of 7,531,585 million USD.