Hindustani language | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Hindustani language


00:01:44 1 History
00:05:46 2 Registers
00:07:24 2.1 Modern Standard Hindi
00:09:13 2.2 Modern Standard Urdu
00:09:49 2.3 Bazaar Hindustani
00:10:31 3 Names
00:12:29 4 Literature
00:12:38 5 Official status
00:15:18 6 Hindustani outside South Asia
00:16:19 7 Phonology
00:16:28 8 Grammar
00:16:37 9 Vocabulary
00:16:52 10 Writing system
00:18:18 11 Sample text
00:18:43 11.1 Formal Hindi
00:20:11 11.2 Formal Urdu
00:21:40 12 Hindustani and Bollywood
00:22:31 13 See also



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SUMMARY
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Hindustani (Hindi: हिन्दुस्तानी, Urdu: ہندوستانی‎,), also known as Hindi-Urdu, and historically also known as Hindavi, Dehlavi, and Rekhta, is the lingua franca of Northern India, most parts of India, Fiji and Pakistan. It is an Indo-Aryan language, deriving its base primarily from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi. The language incorporates a large amount of vocabulary from Prakrit, Persian and Arabic, as well as Sanskrit (via Prakrit and Tatsama borrowings). It is a pluricentric language, with two official forms, Modern Standard Hindi and Modern Standard Urdu, which are its standardised registers. 
According to Ethnologue's 2017 estimates Hindustani is the 3rd most spoken language in the world, with approximately 329.1 million native speakers, and 697.4 million total speakers.The colloquial registers are mostly indistinguishable, and even though the official standards are nearly identical in grammar, they differ in literary conventions and in academic and technical vocabulary, with Urdu adopting stronger Persian and Arabic influences, and Hindi relying more heavily on Sanskrit. Before the partition of India, the terms Hindustani, Hindi, and Urdu were synonymous; they all covered what would be mostly called Hindi and Urdu today. The term Hindustani is still used for the colloquial language and the lingua franca of North India and Pakistan, for example for the language of Bollywood films, as well as for several languages of the Hindi-Urdu belt spoken outside the Indian subcontinent, such as Fijian Hindi of Fiji and the Caribbean Hindustani of Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, and the rest of the Caribbean. Hindustani is also spoken by a small number of people in Mauritius and South Africa.