Wave | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 24/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave


00:01:55 1 General features
00:05:09 2 Mathematical description of one-dimensional waves
00:05:20 2.1 Wave equation
00:08:44 2.2 Wave forms
00:09:23 2.3 Amplitude and modulation
00:09:45 2.4 Phase velocity and group velocity
00:10:05 3 Sine waves
00:12:22 4 Plane waves
00:13:20 5 Standing waves
00:19:22 6 Physical properties
00:19:31 6.1 Transmission and media
00:20:40 6.2 Absorption
00:20:56 6.3 Reflection
00:21:45 6.4 Refraction
00:22:19 6.5 Diffraction
00:22:39 6.6 Interference
00:23:14 6.7 Polarization
00:23:37 6.8 Dispersion
00:23:56 7 Mechanical waves
00:25:04 7.1 Waves on strings
00:25:40 7.2 Acoustic waves
00:25:50 7.3 Water waves
00:26:26 7.4 Seismic waves
00:26:59 7.5 Shock waves
00:27:34 7.6 Other
00:27:58 8 Electromagnetic waves
00:28:27 9 Quantum mechanical waves
00:28:49 9.1 Schrödinger equation
00:29:40 9.2 Dirac equation
00:29:50 9.3 de Broglie waves
00:30:12 10 Gravity waves
00:30:52 11 Gravitational waves
00:33:57 12 See also
00:36:23 12.1 Waves in general
00:36:27 12.1.1 Parameters
00:36:36 12.1.2 Waveforms
00:36:51 12.2 Electromagnetic waves
00:37:20 12.3 In fluids
00:37:32 12.4 In quantum mechanics
00:37:40 12.5 In relativity
00:37:48 12.6 Other specific types of waves
00:37:56 12.7 Related topics
00:38:06 13 References
00:38:14 14 Sources
00:38:23 15 External links
00:38:32 Other specific types of waves



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SUMMARY
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In physics, a wave is a disturbance that transfers energy through matter or space, with little or no associated mass transport (Mass transfer). Waves consist of oscillations or vibrations of a physical medium or a field, around relatively fixed locations. From the perspective of mathematics, waves, as functions of time and space, are a class of signals.There are two main types of waves: mechanical and electromagnetic. Mechanical waves propagate through a physical matter, whose substance is being deformed. Restoring forces then reverse the deformation. For example, sound waves propagate via air molecules colliding with their neighbours. When the molecules collide, they also bounce away from each other (a restoring force). This keeps the molecules from continuing to travel in the direction of the wave. Electromagnetic waves do not require a medium. Instead, they consist of periodic oscillations of electrical and magnetic fields originally generated by charged particles, and can therefore travel through a vacuum. These types vary in wavelength, and include radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays.
Waves are described by a wave equation which sets out how the disturbance proceeds over time. The mathematical form of this equation varies depending on the type of wave. Further, the behavior of particles in quantum mechanics are described by waves. In addition, gravitational waves also travel through space, which are a result of a vibration or movement in gravitational fields.
A wave can be transverse, where a disturbance creates oscillations that are perpendicular to the propagation of energy transfer, or longitudinal: the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy propagation. While mechanical waves can be both transverse and longitudinal, all electromagnetic waves are transverse in free space.