Bateman's principle | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 25/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bateman%27s_principle


00:01:11 1 Description
00:02:13 2 History
00:03:23 3 Bateman's study
00:05:40 4 Replication of Bateman's experiments
00:07:21 5 Related experiments
00:08:41 6 Modern criticism
00:13:42 7 Conflicting evidence
00:15:04 8 Incompatibility with other sex difference claims
00:17:08 9 Sex-role reversed species
00:17:58 10 See also



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SUMMARY
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Bateman's principle, in evolutionary biology, is that in most species, variability in reproductive success (or reproductive variance) is greater in males than in females. It was first proposed by Angus John Bateman (1919–1996), an English geneticist. Bateman suggested that, since males are capable of producing millions of sperm cells with little effort, while females invest much higher levels of energy in order to nurture a relatively small number of eggs, the female plays a significantly larger role in their offspring's reproductive success. Bateman’s paradigm thus views females as the limiting factor of parental investment, over which males will compete in order to copulate successfully.
Although Bateman's principle served as a cornerstone for the study of sexual selection for many decades, it has recently been subject to criticism. Attempts to reproduce Bateman's experiments in 2012 and 2013 were unable to support his conclusions. Some scientists have criticized Bateman's experimental and statistical methods, or pointed out conflicting evidence, while others have defended the veracity of the principle and cited evidence in support of it.