Turtle | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtle


00:01:18 1 Naming and etymology
00:03:52 2 Anatomy and morphology
00:05:48 2.1 Neck retraction
00:07:24 2.2 Head
00:08:32 2.3 Shell
00:11:21 2.3.1 Respiration
00:13:39 2.4 Skin and molting
00:14:50 2.5 Limbs
00:16:39 3 Behavior
00:16:48 3.1 Senses
00:17:22 3.2 Communication
00:17:54 3.3 Intelligence
00:18:32 4 Reproduction
00:20:06 4.1 Male competition
00:20:53 4.2 Force mating
00:21:53 4.3 Courtship displays
00:22:49 5 Ecology and life history
00:25:07 5.1 Diet
00:25:59 6 Systematics and evolution
00:31:35 6.1 Classification of turtles
00:34:45 7 Fossil record
00:35:54 7.1 Genomics
00:36:05 8 In human culture
00:36:14 8.1 As pets
00:36:23 8.2 As food, traditional medicine, and cosmetics
00:38:53 9 Conservation status
00:40:08 10 See also
00:45:14 11 Notes



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SUMMARY
=======
Turtles are diapsids of the order Testudines (or Chelonii) characterized by a special bony or cartilaginous shell developed from their ribs and acting as a shield. "Turtle" may refer to the order as a whole (American English) or to fresh-water and sea-dwelling testudines (British English). The order Testudines includes both extant (living) and extinct species. The earliest known members of this group date from the Middle Jurassic, making turtles one of the oldest reptile groups and a more ancient group than snakes or crocodilians. Of the 356 known species alive today, some are highly endangered.Turtles are ectotherms—animals commonly called cold-blooded—meaning that their internal temperature varies according to the ambient environment. However, because of their high metabolic rate, leatherback sea turtles have a body temperature that is noticeably higher than that of the surrounding water. Turtles are classified as amniotes, along with other reptiles, birds, and mammals. Like other amniotes, turtles breathe air and do not lay eggs underwater, although many species live in or around water.
The study of turtles is called cheloniology, after the Greek word for turtle. It is also sometimes called testudinology, after the Latin name for turtles.