Quartz | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-08

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Quartz


00:01:00 1 Etymology
00:01:48 2 Crystal habit and structure
00:03:31 3 Varieties (according to microstructure)
00:04:00 4 Varieties (according to color)
00:05:10 4.1 Amethyst
00:05:44 4.2 Blue quartz
00:05:58 4.3 Dumortierite quartz
00:06:36 4.4 Citrine
00:07:55 4.5 Milky quartz
00:08:21 4.6 Rose quartz
00:09:17 4.7 Smoky quartz
00:09:45 4.8 Prasiolite
00:10:18 5 Synthetic and artificial treatments
00:11:21 6 Occurrence
00:12:53 7 Related silica minerals
00:13:36 8 History
00:17:43 9 Piezoelectricity



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SUMMARY
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Quartz is a mineral composed of silicon and oxygen atoms in a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall chemical formula of SiO2.  Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust, behind feldspar.Quartz crystals are chiral, and exist in two forms, the normal α-quartz and the high-temperature β-quartz. The transformation from α-quartz to β-quartz takes place abruptly at 573 °C (846 K). Since the transformation is accompanied by a significant change in volume, it can easily induce fracturing of ceramics or rocks passing through this temperature limit.
There are many different varieties of quartz, several of which are semi-precious gemstones. Since antiquity, varieties of quartz have been the most commonly used minerals in the making of jewelry and hardstone carvings, especially in Eurasia.