Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-13

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRIPS_Agreement


00:02:08 1 Background and history
00:04:15 2 The requirements of TRIPS
00:07:15 2.1 Access to essential medicines
00:09:00 2.2 Software and business method patents
00:09:42 3 Implementation in developing countries
00:11:37 4 Post-TRIPS expansion
00:13:03 5 Panel reports
00:14:40 6 Criticism
00:18:52 7 See also
00:19:04 7.1 Related treaties and laws
00:19:37 7.2 Related organizations
00:19:52 7.3 Other



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SUMMARY
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The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) is an international legal agreement between all the member nations of the World Trade Organization (WTO). It sets down minimum standards for the regulation by national governments of many forms of intellectual property (IP) as applied to nationals of other WTO member nations. TRIPS was negotiated at the end of the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1994 and is administered by the WTO.
The TRIPS agreement introduced intellectual property law into the international trading system for the first time and remains the most comprehensive international agreement on intellectual property to date. In 2001, developing countries, concerned that developed countries were insisting on an overly narrow reading of TRIPS, initiated a round of talks that resulted in the Doha Declaration. The Doha declaration is a WTO statement that clarifies the scope of TRIPS, stating for example that TRIPS can and should be interpreted in light of the goal "to promote access to medicines for all."
Specifically, TRIPS requires WTO members to provide copyright rights, covering content producers including performers, producers of sound recordings and broadcasting organizations; geographical indications, including appellations of origin; industrial designs; integrated circuit layout-designs; patents;  new plant varieties; trademarks; trade dress; and undisclosed or confidential information. TRIPS also specifies enforcement procedures, remedies, and dispute resolution procedures. Protection and enforcement of all intellectual property rights shall meet the objectives to contribute to the promotion of technological innovation and to the transfer and dissemination of technology, to the mutual advantage of producers and users of technological knowledge and in a manner conducive to social and economic welfare, and to a balance of rights and obligations.