Quantum chromodynamics | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 08/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Quantum chromodynamics


00:01:41 1 Terminology
00:03:04 2 History
00:08:55 3 Theory
00:09:04 3.1 Some definitions
00:10:41 3.2 Additional remarks: duality
00:11:44 3.3 Symmetry groups
00:14:00 3.4 Lagrangian
00:16:41 3.5 Fields
00:17:26 3.6 Dynamics
00:18:31 3.7 Area law and confinement
00:19:09 4 Methods
00:20:34 4.1 Perturbative QCD
00:20:53 4.2 Lattice QCD
00:21:18 4.3 &#x200b;spansup1/sup&#8260;subN/sub
00:22:16 4.4 Effective theories
00:22:45 4.5 QCD sum rules
00:23:59 4.6 Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model
00:24:17 5 Experimental tests
00:25:15 6 Cross-relations to solid state physics
00:27:41 7 See also
00:34:30 8 References



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SUMMARY
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In theoretical physics, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory of the strong interaction between quarks and gluons, the fundamental particles that make up composite hadrons such as the proton, neutron and pion.  QCD is a type of quantum field theory called a non-abelian gauge theory, with symmetry group SU(3). The QCD analog of electric charge is a property called color. Gluons are the force carrier of the theory, like photons are for the electromagnetic force in quantum electrodynamics. The theory is an important part of the Standard Model of particle physics. A large body of experimental evidence for QCD has been gathered over the years.
QCD exhibits two main properties:

Color confinement. This is a consequence of the constant force between two color charges as they are separated: In order to increase the separation between two quarks within a hadron, ever-increasing amounts of energy are required.  Eventually this energy produces a quark–antiquark pair, turning the initial hadron into a pair of hadrons instead of producing an isolated color charge.  Although analytically unproven, color confinement is well established from lattice QCD calculations and decades of experiments.Asymptotic freedom, a steady reduction in the strength of interactions between quarks and gluons as the energy scale of those interactions increases (and the corresponding length scale decreases).  The asymptotic freedom of QCD was discovered in 1973 by David Gross and Frank Wilczek, and independently by David Politzer in the same year.  For this work all three shared the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physics.