Polystyrene | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-02

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polystyrene


00:01:21 1 History
00:04:15 2 Structure
00:05:36 2.1 Polymerization
00:06:49 2.1.1 Atactic polystyrene
00:07:22 2.1.2 Syndiotactic polystyrene
00:07:59 3 Degradation
00:09:03 3.1 Organisms
00:10:00 4 Forms produced
00:10:37 4.1 Sheet or molded polystyrene
00:11:50 4.2 Foams
00:12:38 4.2.1 Expanded polystyrene (EPS)
00:13:41 4.2.1.1 EPS in building construction
00:16:36 4.2.2 Extruded polystyrene (XPS)
00:17:41 4.2.3 Water absorption of polystyrene foams
00:18:48 4.3 Copolymers
00:20:19 4.4 Oriented polystyrene
00:21:03 5 Environmental issues
00:21:12 5.1 Production
00:21:52 5.2 Non-biodegradable
00:22:09 5.3 Litter
00:22:36 5.4 Reducing
00:23:05 5.4.1 United States
00:25:38 5.4.2 Outside the United States
00:26:39 5.5 Recycling
00:28:34 5.6 Incineration
00:30:00 6 Safety
00:30:08 6.1 Health
00:32:53 6.2 Fire hazards
00:33:44 7 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Polystyrene (PS)  is a synthetic aromatic hydrocarbon polymer made from the monomer styrene. Polystyrene can be solid or foamed. General-purpose polystyrene is clear, hard, and rather brittle. It is an inexpensive resin per unit weight. It is a rather poor barrier to oxygen and water vapour and has a relatively low melting point. Polystyrene is one of the most widely used plastics, the scale of its production being several million tonnes per year. Polystyrene can be naturally transparent, but can be coloured with colourants. Uses include protective packaging (such as packing peanuts and CD and DVD cases), containers, lids, bottles, trays, tumblers, disposable cutlery and in the making of models.
As a thermoplastic polymer, polystyrene is in a solid (glassy) state at room temperature but flows if heated above about 100 °C, its glass transition temperature.  It becomes rigid again when cooled.  This temperature behaviour is exploited for extrusion (as in Styrofoam) and also for molding and vacuum forming, since it can be cast into molds with fine detail.
Under ASTM standards, polystyrene is regarded as not biodegradable. It is accumulating as a form of litter in the outside environment, particularly along shores and waterways, especially in its foam form, and in the Pacific Ocean.