Operation Gladio | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-03-26

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Gladio


00:01:06 1 History and general stay-behind structure
00:01:18 1.1 British experience during World War II
00:03:23 1.2 Post-war creation
00:12:01 2 Operations in NATO countries
00:12:12 2.1 First publicly revealed in Italy
00:13:12 2.1.1 Giulio Andreotti's revelations on 24 October 1990
00:15:22 2.1.2 General Serravalle's statement
00:17:44 2.2 Belgium
00:19:27 2.3 Denmark
00:21:17 2.4 France
00:23:47 2.5 Germany
00:27:34 2.6 Greece
00:32:08 2.7 Netherlands
00:35:09 2.8 Norway
00:36:33 2.9 Portugal
00:37:10 2.10 Turkey
00:37:40 3 Parallel stay-behind operations in non-NATO countries
00:37:53 3.1 Austria
00:41:05 3.2 Finland
00:42:51 3.3 Spain
00:46:15 3.4 Sweden
00:46:54 3.5 Switzerland
00:52:27 4 Daniele Ganser and the "strategy of tension"
00:58:02 5 US State Department's 2006 response
00:59:38 6 Films
01:00:43 7 Gladio in fiction
01:02:34 8 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Operation Gladio is the codename for clandestine "stay-behind" operations of armed resistance that was planned by the Western Union (WU), and subsequently by NATO, for a potential Warsaw Pact invasion and conquest in Europe. Although Gladio specifically refers to the Italian branch of the NATO stay-behind organizations, "Operation Gladio" is used as an informal name for all of them. Stay-behind operations were prepared in many NATO member countries, and some neutral countries.The role of the CIA in Gladio and the extent of its activities during the Cold War era, and any relationship to terrorist attacks perpetrated in Italy during the "Years of Lead" (late 1960s to early 1980s) are the subject of debate. Switzerland and Belgium have had parliamentary inquiries into the matter.The word gladio is the Italian form of gladius, a type of Roman shortsword.