Winfield Scott | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Winfield Scott


00:03:23 1 Early years
00:05:43 2 Army captain
00:09:59 3 War of 1812
00:10:09 3.1 Lieutenant Colonel at Queenston Heights
00:11:38 3.2 Colonel at Fort George
00:12:11 3.3 Brigadier General at Chippawa and Lundy's Lane
00:13:20 3.4 Brevet Major General
00:14:09 4 After the War of 1812
00:16:42 5 Black Hawk War and Nullification Crisis
00:17:47 6 Indian Wars
00:19:03 7 Cherokee Removal
00:23:04 8 Aroostook War
00:23:33 9 Authorship of manual on tactics
00:24:01 10 Commanding General
00:24:57 11 Mexican–American War
00:25:07 11.1 Command appointments
00:26:58 11.2 Military campaigns
00:28:22 11.3 Saint Patrick's Battalion
00:30:59 11.4 Military governor
00:31:32 11.5 Conflict with American civil authorities
00:32:51 12 Presidential campaigns
00:33:01 12.1 1840
00:34:09 12.2 1848
00:35:01 12.3 1852
00:37:09 13 Later career
00:37:53 14 American Civil War
00:40:29 15 Honors
00:41:01 16 Retirement and death
00:42:17 17 Family
00:43:40 18 Trivia
00:44:39 19 Legacy
00:47:18 20 Dates of rank
00:47:32 21 Scott commemorated



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SUMMARY
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Winfield Scott (June 13, 1786 – May 29, 1866) served as a general in the U.S. Army longer than any other person in American history. He is rated as one of the Army's most senior commissioned officers, and is ranked by many historians as the best American commander of his time. Scott was also a candidate for the Whig Party presidential nomination three times; selected in 1852, he lost the general election to Franklin Pierce.
Over the course of his 53-year career, he commanded forces in the War of 1812, the Black Hawk War, the Mexican–American War, and the Second Seminole War.  He was the army's senior officer at the start of the American Civil War, and conceived the Union strategy known as the Anaconda Plan, which was used to defeat the Confederacy.  He served as Commanding General of the United States Army for twenty years, longer than any other holder of the office.
Scott was born and educated in Virginia; after brief attendance at the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia and study in a law office, he attained admission to the bar.  Scott practiced law briefly, and served in the Virginia Militia during the Chesapeake–Leopard Affair of 1807.  In 1808, Scott was commissioned as a captain in the Light Artillery of the United States Army.  He rose to prominence during the War of 1812, and attained promotion to brigadier general.  Scott remained in the Army after the war, served in several command positions, and carried out high level staff tasks, including frequent updates to the Army's field regulations.  After missing out on appointment as the Army's commanding general in 1828, he received it in 1841; he served in this post until his retirement in 1861, shortly after the start of the American Civil War.
Known as "Old Fuss and Feathers" and the "Grand Old Man of the Army", Scott was a national hero after the Mexican–American War, where he led one of the two invading armies; he later served as occupying military governor of Mexico City.  His stature was so high that in 1852, the Whig Party passed over its own incumbent President, Millard Fillmore to nominate Scott as their candidate in that year's presidential election. Scott lost to Democratic Party nominee Franklin Pierce in the general election, but remained a popular national figure, receiving a brevet promotion to lieutenant general in 1855, becoming the first American since George Washington to hold that higher rank.At the start of the Civil War, Scott took steps to defend the national capital city of Washington, D.C. and ensure the successful inauguration of Abraham Lincoln as the 16th president in March 1861.  Though too old and infirm to take the field, Scott served as Lincoln's principal military adviser at the start of the war, and conceived of the Anaconda Plan; though dismissed by critics who regarded the plan's extended and prolonged blockade of southern ports a ...