Hades
Channel: 宇宙のすべての知識 プリンシピア
Date: 14/02/2019

Hades, by Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=13225 / CC BY SA 3.0

#Hades
#Deities_in_the_Iliad
#Greek_death_gods
#Locations_in_Greek_mythology
#Underworld_gods
#Chthonic_beings
#Greek_underworld
#Rape_of_Persephone
#Mythological_rapists
Hades

Hades (; "Hádēs"; Ἅιδης "Háidēs"), in the ancient Greek religion and myth, is the god of the dead and the king of the underworld, with which his name became synonymous. Hades was the eldest son of Cronus and Rhea, although the last son regurgitated by his father. He and his brothers, Zeus and Poseidon, defeated their father's generation of gods, the Titans, and claimed rulership over the cosmos. Hades received the underworld, Zeus the sky, and Poseidon the sea, with the solid earth, long the province of Gaia, available to all three concurrently. Hades was often portrayed with his three-headed guard dog Cerberus. 

The Etruscan god Aita and the Roman gods Dis Pater and Orcus were eventually taken as equivalent to Hades and merged into Pluto, a Latinization of Plouton (", Ploútōn"), itself a euphemistic title often given to Hades. 

The origin of Hades' name is uncertain, but has generally been seen as meaning "the unseen one" since antiquity. An extensive section of Plato's dialogue "Cratylus" is devoted to the etymology of the god's name, in which Socrates is arguing for a folk etymology not from "unseen" but from "his knowledge ("eidenai") of all noble things". Modern linguists have proposed the Proto-Greek form *"Awides" ("unseen"). The earliest attested form is "Aḯdēs" (), which lacks the proposed digamma. West argues instead for an original meaning of "the one who presides over meeting up" from the universality of death.

In Homeric and Ionic Greek, he was known as "Áïdēs". Other poetic variations of the name include "Aïdōneús" () and the inflected forms "Áïdos" (, gen.), "Áïdi" (, dat.), and "Áïda" (, acc.), whose reconstructed nominative case *"Áïs" () is, however, not attested. The name as it came to be know...