Fascism and ideology | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-06

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Fascism and ideology


00:02:27 1 Ideological origins
00:02:37 1.1 Early influences (495 BC–1880 AD)
00:12:49 1.2 iFin de siècle/i era and the fusion of nationalism with Sorelianism (1880–1914)
00:27:54 1.3 World War I and aftermath (1914–1922)
00:41:20 1.4 Rise to power and initial international spread of fascism (1922–1929)
00:53:11 1.5 International surge of fascism and World War II (1929–1945)
01:06:24 1.6 Fascism, neofascism and postfascism after World War II (1945–present)
01:12:20 2 Fascism's relationship with other political and economic ideologies
01:12:59 2.1 Capitalism
01:25:07 2.2 Conservatism
01:28:06 2.3 Liberalism
01:31:01 2.4 Social welfarism and public works
01:35:24 2.5 Socialism and communism
01:38:37 3 See also



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SUMMARY
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The history of Fascist ideology is long and it involves many sources. Fascists took inspiration from as far back as the Spartans for their focus on racial purity and their emphasis on rule by an elite minority. It has also been connected to the ideals of Plato, though there are key differences. In Italy, Fascism styled itself as the ideological successor to Rome, particularly the Roman Empire. The Enlightenment-era concept of a "high and noble" Aryan culture as opposed to a "parasitic" Semitic culture was core to Nazi racial views. From the same era, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's view on the absolute authority of the state also strongly influenced Fascist thinking. The French Revolution was a major influence insofar as the Nazis saw themselves as fighting back against many of the ideas which it brought to prominence, especially liberalism, liberal democracy and racial equality, whereas on the other hand Fascism drew heavily on the revolutionary ideal of nationalism. Common themes among fascist movements include; nationalism (including racial nationalism), hierarchy and elitism, militarism, quasi-religion, masculinity and voluntarism. Other aspects of fascism such as its "myth of decadence", anti‐egalitarianism and totalitarianism can be seen to originate from these ideas. These fundamental aspects however, can be attributed to a concept known as "Palingenetic ultranationalism", a theory proposed by Roger Griffin, that fascism is essentially populist ultranationalism sacralized through myth of national rebirth and regeneration.  
Its relationship with other ideologies of its day were complex, often at once adversarial and focused on co-opting their more popular aspects. Fascists supported limited private property rights and the profit motive of capitalism, but sought to eliminate the autonomy of large-scale capitalism by consolidating power with the state. They shared many goals with and often allied with the conservatives of their day and often recruited from disaffected conservative ranks, but presented themselves as holding a more modern ideology, with less focus on things like traditional religion. Fascism opposed the egalitarian (Völkisch equality) and international character of mainstream socialism, but sometimes sought to establish itself as an alternative "national" socialism. It strongly opposed liberalism, classical liberalism, communism and democratic socialism.