Huygens–Fresnel principle
Channel: Physics Partner
Date: 17/04/2024

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The Huygens–Fresnel principle, proposed by the Dutch mathematician, physicist, and astronomer Christiaan Huygens in 1690, is a powerful method for studying various optical phenomena. It states that all points of a wavefront of sound in a transmitting medium or of light in a vacuum or transparent medium may be regarded as new sources of wavelets that expand in every direction at a rate depending on their velocities. These wavelets recombine to produce the propagating wave front, and they are instrumental in explaining phenomena such as diffraction, reflection, and refraction. The principle implies that every point on a wavefront serves as a source of secondary wavelets, and the new wave front is the tangential surface to all the secondary wavelets. This concept has been instrumental in understanding the behavior of light during diffraction and has found applications in various fields, including atmospheric optics and antenna design. The Huygens–Fresnel principle provides valuable insights into the behavior of light during diffraction by considering each unobstructed point on a wavefront as a source of secondary spherical waves, ultimately enhancing our understanding of this phenomenon.

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