Xenophon | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-10

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenophon


00:03:02 1 Life
00:03:11 1.1 Early years
00:03:57 1.2 iAnabasis/i
00:04:06 1.2.1 Expedition with Cyrus the Younger
00:06:52 1.2.2 Return
00:15:46 2 Xenophon's politics
00:16:54 2.1 iCyropaedia/i
00:17:03 2.1.1 Relations between Medes and Persians in the iCyropaedia/i
00:22:24 2.1.2 Persians as centaurs
00:25:33 2.1.3 Against empire/monarchy
00:27:04 2.1.4 Against democracy
00:29:27 2.2 iConstitution of the Spartans/i
00:30:35 2.3 Old Oligarch
00:31:43 3 Socratic works and dialogues
00:32:55 3.1 Relationship with Socrates
00:34:39 3.2 Socrates: Xenophon vs. Plato
00:36:44 3.3 Historical reality
00:37:33 3.4 Modern reception
00:39:17 4 List of works
00:39:39 4.1 Historical and biographical works
00:41:11 4.2 Socratic works and dialogues
00:41:21 4.2.1 Defences of Socrates
00:41:44 4.2.2 Other Socratic dialogues
00:42:13 4.2.3 Tyrants
00:42:32 4.3 Short treatises
00:43:25 4.4 Spuria



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"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
Xenophon of Athens (; Greek: Ξενοφῶν, Ancient Greek: [ksenopʰɔ̂ːn], Xenophōn; c. 431BC  – 354 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher, historian, soldier, mercenary, and student of Socrates. As a soldier, Xenophon became commander of the Ten Thousand at about 30, with noted military historian Theodore Ayrault Dodge saying of him, “the centuries since have devised nothing to surpass the 
genius of this warrior.”  He established the precedent for many logistical operations and was among the first to use flanking maneuvers, feints and attacks in depth. He was among the greatest commanders of antiquity.
As a historian, Xenophon is known for recording the history of his time, the late-5th and early-4th centuries BC, in such works as the Hellenica, which covered the final seven years and the aftermath of the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC), thus representing a thematic continuation of Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War.
As one of the Ten Thousand (Greek mercenaries), Xenophon participated in Cyrus the Younger's failed campaign to claim the Persian throne from his brother Artaxerxes II of Persia and recounted the events in Anabasis, his most notable history. Like Plato (427–347 BC), Xenophon is an authority on Socrates, about whom he wrote several books of dialogues (the Memorabilia) and an Apology of Socrates to the Jury, which recounts the philosopher's trial in 399 BC.
Despite being born an Athenian citizen, Xenophon was also associated with Sparta, the traditional enemy of Athens. His pro-oligarchic politics, military service under Spartan generals, in the Persian campaign and elsewhere, and his friendship with King Agesilaus II endeared Xenophon to the Spartans. Some of his works have a pro–Spartan bias, especially the royal biography Agesilaus and the Constitution of the Spartans.
Xenophon's works span several genres and are written in plain-language Attic Greek, for which reason they serve as translation exercises for contemporary students of the Ancient Greek language. In the Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers, Diogenes Laërtius observed that, as a writer, Xenophon of Athens was known as the “Attic Muse”, for the sweetness of his diction (2.6).