Longshore drift | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 26/06/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longshore_drift


00:01:45 1 Overview
00:01:54 1.1 Longshore drift formulas
00:03:03 1.2 Features of shoreline change
00:04:36 1.3 The sediment budget
00:06:05 2 Natural features
00:06:25 2.1 Spits
00:07:37 2.2 Barriers
00:08:49 2.3 Tidal inlets
00:10:18 3 Human influences
00:10:46 3.1 Groynes
00:11:37 3.2 Artificial headlands
00:12:18 3.3 Detached breakwaters
00:13:06 3.4 Ports and harbours



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SUMMARY
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Longshore drift from longshore current is a geological process that consists of the transportation of sediments (clay, silt, pebbles, sand and shingle) along a coast parallel to the shoreline, which is dependent on oblique incoming wind direction.  Oblique incoming wind squeezes water along the coast, and so generates a water current which moves parallel to the coast.  Longshore drift is simply the sediment moved by the longshore current. This current and sediment movement occur within the surf zone. 
Beach sand is also moved on such oblique wind days, due to the swash and backwash of water on the beach. Breaking surf sends water up the beach (swash) at an oblique angle and gravity then drains the water straight downslope (backwash) perpendicular to the shoreline.  Thus beach sand can move downbeach in a zig zag fashion many tens of meters (yards) per day.  This process is called "beach drift" but some workers regard it as simply part of "longshore drift" because of the overall movement of sand parallel to the coast.
Longshore drift affects numerous sediment sizes as it works in slightly different ways depending on the sediment (e.g. the difference in long-shore drift of sediments from a sandy beach to that of sediments from a shingle beach). Sand is largely affected by the oscillatory force of breaking waves, the motion of sediment due to the impact of breaking waves and bed shear from long-shore current. Because shingle beaches are much steeper than sandy ones, plunging breakers are more likely to form, causing the majority of long shore transport to occur in the swash zone, due to a lack of an extended surf zone.