Labor unions | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: Subhajit Sahu
Date: 2018-12-28

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_union


00:02:19 1 Definition
00:06:28 2 History
00:09:07 2.1 National general unions
00:12:14 2.2 Legalization and expansion
00:14:06 3 Trade Union Prevalence Worldwide
00:14:38 4 Trade unions by country
00:14:49 4.1 Australia
00:18:26 4.2 Baltic states
00:19:43 4.3 Belgium
00:22:32 4.4 Canada
00:26:02 4.5 Colombia
00:27:14 4.6 Costa Rica
00:28:16 4.7 Germany
00:29:31 4.8 India
00:30:59 4.9 Japan
00:32:30 4.10 Mexico
00:35:24 4.11 Scandinavia
00:36:07 4.12 United Kingdom
00:37:48 4.13 United States
00:39:56 4.14 Vatican (Holy See)
00:43:24 5 Structure and politics
00:43:41 6 Shop types
00:49:45 7 Diversity of international unions
00:53:01 8 International unionization
01:00:08 9 Criticisms
01:01:28 10 Union publications
01:02:48 11 Film
01:03:51 12 See also
01:07:30 13 Notes and references
01:08:03 14 Further reading
01:08:13 14.1 Britain
01:08:22 14.2 United States
01:10:52 14.3 Other
01:12:36 15 External links
01:17:06 External links



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
Speaking Rate: 0.7750196850863975
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D


"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
A trade union, also called a labour union or labor union (US), is an organization of workers who have come together to achieve many common goals, such as protecting the integrity of their trade, improving safety standards, and attaining better wages, benefits (such as vacation, health care, and retirement), and working conditions through the increased bargaining power wielded by the creation of a monopoly of the workers. The trade union, through its leadership, bargains with the employer on behalf of union members (rank and file members) and negotiates labour contracts (collective bargaining) with employers. The most common purpose of these associations or unions is "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment". This may include the negotiation of wages, work rules, complaint procedures, rules governing hiring, firing and promotion of workers, benefits, workplace safety and policies.
Unions may organize a particular section of skilled workers (craft unionism), a cross-section of workers from various trades (general unionism), or attempt to organize all workers within a particular industry (industrial unionism). The agreements negotiated by a union are binding on the rank and file members and the employer and in some cases on other non-member workers. Trade unions traditionally have a constitution which details the governance of their bargaining unit and also have governance at various levels of government depending on the industry that binds them legally to their negotiations and functioning.
Originating in Great Britain, trade unions became popular in many countries during the Industrial Revolution. Trade unions may be composed of individual workers, professionals, past workers, students, apprentices or the unemployed. Trade union density, or the percentage of workers belonging to a trade union, is highest in the Nordic countries.