Infrared | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 25/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared


00:02:39 1 Definition and relationship to the electromagnetic spectrum
00:03:12 2 Natural infrared
00:04:18 3 Regions within the infrared
00:04:56 3.1 Commonly used sub-division scheme
00:05:32 3.2 CIE division scheme
00:05:48 3.3 ISO 20473 scheme
00:06:05 3.4 Astronomy division scheme
00:06:52 3.5 Sensor response division scheme
00:09:49 3.6 Telecommunication bands in the infrared
00:10:23 4 Heat
00:12:36 5 Applications
00:12:45 5.1 Night vision
00:13:36 5.2 Thermography
00:14:45 5.3 Hyperspectral imaging
00:15:45 5.4 Other imaging
00:16:43 5.5 Tracking
00:17:27 5.6 Heating
00:18:21 5.7 Cooling
00:18:47 5.8 Communications
00:21:03 5.9 Spectroscopy
00:22:28 5.10 Thin film metrology
00:23:06 5.11 Meteorology
00:25:02 5.12 Climatology
00:25:45 5.13 Astronomy
00:27:35 5.14 Infrared cleaning
00:28:16 5.15 Art conservation and analysis
00:30:18 5.16 Biological systems
00:31:27 5.17 Photobiomodulation
00:31:57 5.18 Health hazards
00:32:21 6 History of infrared science
00:37:36 7 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Infrared radiation (IR) is electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, and is therefore generally invisible to the human eye (although IR at wavelengths up to 1050 nm from specially pulsed lasers can be seen by humans under certain conditions ). It is sometimes called infrared light. IR wavelengths extend from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum at 700 nanometers (frequency 430 THz), to 1 millimeter (300 GHz) Most of the thermal radiation emitted by objects near room temperature is infrared. As with all EMR, IR carries radiant energy, and behaves both like a wave and like its quantum particle, the photon.
Infrared radiation was discovered in 1800 by astronomer Sir William Herschel, who discovered a type of invisible radiation in the spectrum lower in energy than red light, by means of its effect on a thermometer. Slightly more than half of the total energy from the Sun was eventually found to arrive on Earth in the form of infrared. The balance between absorbed and emitted infrared radiation has a critical effect on Earth's climate.
Infrared radiation is emitted or absorbed by molecules when they change their rotational-vibrational movements. It excites vibrational modes in a molecule through a change in the dipole moment, making it a useful frequency range for study of these energy states for molecules of the proper symmetry. Infrared spectroscopy examines absorption and transmission of photons in the infrared range.Infrared radiation is used in industrial, scientific, military, 
law enforcement, and medical applications. Night-vision devices using active near-infrared illumination allow people or animals to be observed without the observer being detected. Infrared astronomy uses sensor-equipped telescopes to penetrate dusty regions of space such as molecular clouds, detect objects such as planets, and to view highly red-shifted objects from the early days of the universe. Infrared thermal-imaging cameras are used to detect heat loss in insulated systems, to observe changing blood flow in the skin, and to detect overheating of electrical apparatus.
Extensive uses for military and civilian applications include target acquisition, surveillance, night vision, homing, and tracking. Humans at normal body temperature radiate chiefly at wavelengths around 10 μm (micrometers). Non-military uses include thermal efficiency analysis, environmental monitoring, industrial facility inspections, detection of grow-ops, remote temperature sensing, short-range wireless communication, spectroscopy, and weather forecasting.