why governments are aggressive| Structural Realism with John Mearsheimer
Channel: International Relations & Politics
Date: 27/01/2022

Professor John Mearsheimer from the University of Chicago discusses Structural Realism

Structural realism/Neorealism or neorealism is a theory of international relations that says power is the most important factor in international relations. ... Defensive realism points towards "structural modifiers" such as the security dilemma and geography, and elite beliefs and perceptions to explain the outbreak of conflict.

Structural realism is often characterized as the view that scientific theories tell us only about the form or structure of the unobservable world and not about its nature. This leaves open the question as to whether the natures of things are posited to be unknowable for some reason or eliminated altogether.

structural realism is a theory of international relations that emphasizes the role of power politics in international relations, sees competition and conflict as enduring features, and sees limited potential for cooperation.

Realists, such as Waltz, argue that anarchy and its resulting security dilemma cannot be overcome unless a 'world government' is created, a situation that realists cannot envision occurring, as states will never feel secure enough to do so.

The most important national interest is the survival of the state, including its people, political system, and territorial integrity. Other major interests for realists include the preservation of a nation's culture and economy.