Aerodynamics | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-24

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodynamics


00:01:16 1 History
00:06:15 2 Fundamental concepts
00:07:21 2.1 Flow classification
00:09:03 2.1.1 Continuum assumption
00:10:50 2.2 Conservation laws
00:13:00 3 Branches of aerodynamics
00:14:43 3.1 Incompressible aerodynamics
00:15:28 3.1.1 Subsonic flow
00:16:57 3.2 Compressible aerodynamics
00:17:53 3.2.1 Transonic flow
00:18:31 3.2.2 Supersonic flow
00:20:13 3.2.3 Hypersonic flow
00:20:46 4 Associated terminology
00:21:04 4.1 Boundary layers
00:21:31 4.2 Turbulence
00:21:57 5 Aerodynamics in other fields
00:22:07 5.1 Engineering design
00:22:52 5.2 Environmental design
00:23:25 5.3 Ball-control in sports
00:23:51 6 See also



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SUMMARY
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Aerodynamics, from Greek ἀήρ aer (air) + δυναμική (dynamics), is the study of the motion of air, particularly its interaction with a solid object, such as an airplane wing. It is a sub-field of fluid dynamics and gas dynamics, and many aspects of aerodynamics theory are common to these fields.  The term aerodynamics is often used synonymously with gas dynamics, the difference being that "gas dynamics" applies to the study of the motion of all gases, and is not limited to air. 
The formal study of aerodynamics began in the modern sense in the eighteenth century, although observations of fundamental concepts such as aerodynamic drag were recorded much earlier.  Most of the early efforts in aerodynamics were directed toward achieving heavier-than-air flight, which was first demonstrated by Otto Lilienthal in 1891.  Since then, the use of aerodynamics through mathematical analysis, empirical approximations, wind tunnel experimentation, and computer simulations has formed a rational basis for the development of heavier-than-air flight and a number of other technologies.  Recent work in aerodynamics has focused on issues related to compressible flow, turbulence, and boundary layers and has become increasingly computational in nature.