Intelligence quotient | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: Subhajit Sahu
Date: 2019-01-13

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence_quotient


00:02:55 1 History
00:03:04 1.1 Precursors to IQ testing
00:06:35 1.2 General factor (ig/i)
00:09:13 1.3 United States military selection in World War I
00:13:10 1.4 IQ testing and the Eugenics movement in the United States
00:15:21 1.5 Cattell–Horn–Carroll theory
00:20:26 1.6 Other theories
00:22:23 2 Current tests
00:24:28 3 Test bias or differential item functioning
00:26:01 4 Reliability and validity
00:27:43 5 Flynn effect
00:29:54 6 Age
00:31:54 7 Genetics and environment
00:32:15 7.1 Heritability
00:34:01 7.2 Shared family environment
00:34:43 7.3 Non-shared family environment and environment outside the family
00:35:20 7.4 Individual genes
00:36:08 7.5 Gene-environment interaction
00:37:32 8 Interventions
00:39:10 9 Music
00:39:44 10 Brain anatomy
00:40:25 11 Health
00:42:28 12 Social correlations
00:42:38 12.1 School performance
00:44:29 12.2 Job performance
00:46:56 12.3 Income
00:49:38 12.4 Crime
00:52:00 12.5 Health and mortality
00:52:21 12.6 Other accomplishments
00:52:51 13 Group-IQ or the collective intelligence factor c
00:53:55 14 Group differences
00:54:29 14.1 Sex
00:55:41 14.2 Race and intelligence
00:55:51 14.2.1 Race and intelligence in United States of America
00:57:16 15 Public policy
00:58:55 16 Criticism and views
00:59:05 16.1 Relationship to intelligence
01:00:00 16.2 Criticism of IQ
01:02:54 16.3 Systematic exclusion of threshold effects
01:04:53 16.4 Test bias
01:06:53 16.5 Intermingling cultures and IQ classification fairness
01:09:26 16.6 Outdated methodology
01:09:53 16.7 iIntelligence: Knowns and Unknowns/i
01:12:42 16.8 Dynamic assessment
01:15:22 17 Classification
01:16:05 18 High IQ societies
01:16:45 19 See also



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SUMMARY
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An intelligence quotient (IQ) is a total score derived from several standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence. The abbreviation "IQ" was coined by the psychologist William Stern for the German term Intelligenzquotient, his term for a scoring method for intelligence tests at University of Breslau he advocated in a 1912 book. Historically, IQ is a score obtained by dividing a person's mental age score, obtained by administering an intelligence test, by the person's chronological age, both expressed in terms of years and months. The resulting fraction is multiplied by 100 to obtain the IQ score. When current IQ tests were developed, the median raw score of the norming sample is defined as IQ 100 and scores each standard deviation (SD) up or down are defined as 15 IQ points greater or less, although this was not always so historically. By this definition, approximately two-thirds of the population scores are between IQ 85 and IQ 115. About 2.5 percent of the population scores above 130, and 2.5 percent below 70.Scores from intelligence tests are estimates of intelligence. Unlike, for example, distance and mass, a concrete measure of intelligence cannot be achieved given the abstract nature of the concept of "intelligence". IQ scores have been shown to be associated with such factors as morbidity and mortality, parental social status, and, to a substantial degree, biological parental IQ. While the heritability of IQ has been investigated for nearly a century, there is still debate about the significance of heritability estimates and the mechanisms of inheritance.IQ scores are used for educational placement, assessment of intellectual disability, and evaluating job applicants. Even when students improve their scores on standardized tests, they do not always improve their cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention and speed. In research contexts they have been studied as predictors of job performance, and income. They are also used to study distributions of psychometric intelligence in populations and th ...