English Electric E.A.4 | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-29

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Electric_Canberra


00:03:01 1 Development
00:03:10 1.1 Background
00:08:50 1.2 Prototypes and first flights
00:13:23 1.3 Production and licensed manufacturing
00:17:38 1.4 Photo-reconnaissance and specialised roles
00:21:42 2 Design
00:28:34 3 Operational history
00:28:44 3.1 Royal Air Force
00:37:05 3.2 Royal Australian Air Force
00:41:21 3.3 Indian Air Force
00:44:47 3.4 Middle East &amp; Africa
00:47:09 3.5 Sweden
00:47:57 3.6 South America
00:48:05 3.6.1 Venezuela
00:48:43 3.6.2 Peru
00:49:18 3.6.3 Argentina
00:51:03 3.7 Development and trials aircraft
00:53:00 3.8 Flight records set by Canberras
00:54:46 4 Variants
01:04:59 5 Operators
01:07:21 6 Survivors
01:07:46 6.1 Argentina
01:08:58 6.2 Australia
01:13:30 6.3 Germany
01:14:24 6.4 India
01:15:53 6.5 Malta
01:16:15 6.6 New Zealand
01:16:42 6.7 Norway
01:17:10 6.8 South Africa
01:17:47 6.9 Sweden
01:18:14 6.10 United Kingdom
01:21:20 6.11 United States
01:22:57 7 Specifications (Canberra B(I)6)
01:27:08 8 See also



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SUMMARY
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The English Electric Canberra is a British first-generation jet-powered medium bomber. It was developed by English Electric during the mid-to-late 1940s in response to a 1944 Air Ministry requirement for a successor to the wartime de Havilland Mosquito fast bomber. Among the performance requirements for the type was the demand for an outstanding high-altitude bombing capability and high speed. These were partly accomplished by making use of newly developed jet propulsion technology. When the Canberra was introduced to service with the Royal Air Force (RAF), the type's first operator, in May 1951, it became the service's first jet-powered bomber.
Throughout most of the 1950s, the Canberra could fly at a higher altitude than any other aircraft in the world. In 1957, a Canberra established a world altitude record of 70,310 feet (21,430 m). In February 1951, another Canberra set another world record when it became the first jet aircraft to make a non-stop transatlantic flight. Due to its ability to evade the early jet interceptor aircraft and its significant performance advancement over contemporary piston-engined bombers, the Canberra became a popular aircraft on the export market, being procured for service in the air forces of many nations both inside and outside of the Commonwealth of Nations. The type was also licence produced in Australia by the Government Aircraft Factories and in the US by Martin as the B-57 Canberra. The latter produced both slightly modified B-57A Canberra, and the significantly updated B-57B.
In addition to being a tactical nuclear strike aircraft, the Canberra proved to be highly adaptable, serving in varied roles such as tactical bombing and photographic and electronic reconnaissance. Canberras served in the Suez Crisis, the Vietnam War, the Falklands War, the Indo-Pakistani wars, and numerous African conflicts. In several wars, each of the opposing sides had Canberras in their air forces. The Canberra had a lengthy service life, serving for more than 50 years with some operators. In June 2006, the RAF retired the last of its Canberras, 57 years after its first flight. Three of the Martin B-57 variant remain in service, performing meteorological work for NASA, as well as providing electronic communication (Battlefield Airborne Communications Node or BACN) testing for deployment to Afghanistan.