Pratītyasamutpāda | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-09

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prat%C4%ABtyasamutp%C4%81da


00:01:49 1 Etymology and meaning
00:01:58 1.1 Etymology
00:03:53 1.2 Meaning
00:04:01 1.2.1 Conditionality
00:05:03 1.2.2 Ontological principle
00:06:19 1.2.3 Workings of the mind
00:07:31 1.2.4 Epistemological principle
00:08:35 2 Twelve Nidanas
00:09:39 2.1 Several series
00:11:16 2.2 Twelve-fold chain
00:11:25 2.3 Causal chain
00:12:28 2.4 Reversal
00:13:45 3 Interpretation of the twelve nidanas
00:13:56 3.1 Theravāda
00:14:13 3.1.1 Rebirth
00:15:24 3.1.2 Arising of mental processes
00:17:01 3.2 Sarvāstivāda
00:17:58 3.3 Yogacara
00:18:18 3.4 Tibetan Buddhism
00:19:47 4 Development of the twelve nidanas
00:19:57 4.1 Synthesis of older versions
00:20:06 4.1.1 Combination of older lists
00:21:39 4.1.2 Branched and looped version
00:25:23 4.1.3 Commentary on Vedic cosmogeny
00:29:41 4.1.4 Five skandhas
00:31:09 4.1.5 Four Noble Truths
00:31:34 4.1.6 Comparison of lists
00:31:46 4.2 Sequence of stages prior to birth
00:32:32 5 Karma
00:33:41 6 Sunyata (emptiness)
00:33:51 6.1 Madhyamaka
00:35:52 6.2 Tibetan Buddhism
00:37:13 7 Interdependence
00:37:22 7.1 Hua Yen school
00:38:08 7.2 Thich Nhat Hanh
00:39:14 7.3 Tibetan Buddhism
00:39:39 8 Comparison with western philosophy
00:40:41 9 See also
00:40:59 10 Notes



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SUMMARY
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Pratītyasamutpāda (Sanskrit: प्रतीत्यसमुत्पाद pratītyasamutpāda; Pali: पटिच्चसमुप्पाद paṭiccasamuppāda), commonly translated as dependent origination, or dependent arising, is a key principle in Buddhist teachings, which states that all dharmas ("phenomena") arise in dependence upon other dharmas: "if this exists, that exists; if this ceases to exist, that also ceases to exist".
The principle is expressed in the links of dependent origination (Pali: dvādasanidānāni, Sanskrit: dvādaśanidānāni) in Buddhism, a linear list of twelve elements from the Buddhist teachings which arise depending on the preceding link. Traditionally the list is interpreted as describing the conditional arising of rebirth in saṃsāra, and the resultant duḥkha (suffering, pain, unsatisfactoriness). An alternate Theravada interpretation regards the list as describing the arising of mental formations and the resultant notion of "I" and "mine," which are the source of suffering. Traditionally, the reversal of the causal chain is explained as leading to the annihilation of mental formations and rebirth.Scholars have noted inconsistencies in the list, and regard it to be a later synthesis of several older lists. The first four links may be a mockery of the Vedic-Brahmanic cosmogony, as described in the Hymn of Creation of Veda X, 129 and the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad. These were integrated with a branched list which describe the conditioning of mental processes, akin to the five skandhas. Eventually, this branched list developed into the standard twelvefold chain as a linear list. While this list may be interpreted as describing the processes which give rise to rebirth, in essence it describes the arising of dukkha as a psychological process, without the involvement of an atman.