Sponge | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-02

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sponge


00:01:04 1 Etymology
00:01:19 2 Overview
00:06:30 3 Distinguishing features
00:08:26 4 Basic structure
00:08:36 4.1 Cell types
00:11:11 4.2 Glass sponges' syncytia
00:13:16 4.3 Water flow and body structures
00:17:29 4.4 Skeleton
00:18:52 5 Vital functions
00:19:01 5.1 Movement
00:19:42 5.2 Respiration, feeding and excretion
00:22:17 5.3 Carnivorous sponges
00:24:01 5.4 Endosymbionts
00:25:16 5.5 "Immune" system
00:26:14 5.6 Reproduction
00:26:22 5.6.1 Asexual
00:28:45 5.6.2 Sexual
00:30:44 5.6.3 Life cycle
00:31:28 5.7 Coordination of activities
00:33:32 6 Ecology
00:33:42 6.1 Habitats
00:34:57 6.2 As primary producers
00:35:27 6.3 Defenses
00:37:00 6.4 Predation
00:37:48 6.5 Bioerosion
00:38:28 6.6 Diseases
00:39:13 6.7 Collaboration with other organisms
00:40:31 7 Systematics and evolutionary history
00:40:42 7.1 Taxonomy
00:43:13 7.2 Classes
00:43:54 7.3 Fossil record
00:49:45 7.4 Relationships to other animal groups
00:54:42 8 Notable spongiologists
00:54:52 9 Use
00:55:01 9.1 By dolphins
00:55:50 9.2 By humans
00:55:59 9.2.1 Skeleton
00:57:31 9.2.2 Antibiotic compounds
00:57:54 9.2.3 Other biologically active compounds
00:58:36 10 See also



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
Speaking Rate: 0.9177405663206732
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B


"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning "pore bearer"), are a basal Metazoa (animal) clade as a sister of the Diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through them, consisting of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells. The branch of zoology that studies sponges is known as spongiology.
Sponges have unspecialized cells that can transform into other types and that often migrate between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process. Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems. Instead, most rely on maintaining a constant water flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes. Sponges were first to branch off the evolutionary tree from the common ancestor of all animals, making them the sister group of all other animals.