Autophagy in DNA Loss & Yeast Cell Survival in Chronological Aging | Aging-US
Channel: Aging (Aging-US)
Date: 24/10/2023

Aging-US #published this #trendingwithimpact research #paper on October 9, 2023, in Volume 15, Issue 19, entitled, “Live while the DNA lasts. The role of autophagy in DNA loss and survival of diploid yeast cells during chronological aging" by researchers from the Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland; Institute of Medical Sciences, Rzeszów University, Rzeszów 35-959, Poland; Institute of Biology, Rzeszów University, Rzeszów 35-601, Poland. @IBB_PAN 
#aging #dna #genomes #lifespan #autophagy #research #researchpaper #openaccess #openscience #peerreview #journal #publication #publishing #meded 

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.205102

Corresponding author - Adrianna Skoneczna - ada@ibb.waw.pl

Abstract

Aging is inevitable and affects all cell types, thus yeast cells are often used as a model in aging studies. There are two approaches to studying aging in yeast: replicative aging, which describes the proliferative potential of cells, and chronological aging, which is used for studying post-mitotic cells. While analyzing the chronological lifespan (CLS) of diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, we discovered a remarkable phenomenon: ploidy reduction during aging progression. To uncover the mechanism behind this unusual process we used yeast strains undergoing a CLS assay, looking for various aging parameters. Cell mortality, regrowth ability, autophagy induction and cellular DNA content measurements indicated that during the CLS assay, dying cells lost their DNA, and only diploids survived. We demonstrated that autophagy was responsible for the gradual loss of DNA. The nucleophagy marker activation at the start of the CLS experiment correlated with the significant drop in cell viability. The activation of piecemeal microautophagy of nucleus (PMN) markers appeared to accompany the chronological aging process until the end. Our findings emphasize the significance of maintaining at least one intact copy of the genome for the survival of post-mitotic diploid cells. During chronological aging, cellular components, including DNA, are exposed to increasing stress, leading to DNA damage and fragmentation in aging cells. We propose that PMN-dependent clearance of damaged DNA from the nucleus helps prevent genome rearrangements. However, as long as one copy of the genome can be rebuilt, cells can still survive.

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Keywords - aging, genome instability, lifespan, autophagy, double-strand breaks

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

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