Fluorescence in the life sciences | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 28/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescence_in_the_life_sciences


00:01:08 1 Fluorescence
00:02:12 2 Labelling
00:02:22 2.1 Reactive dyes
00:04:04 2.2 Quantum dots
00:04:18 2.3 Fluorescent proteins
00:05:47 3 Bioluminescence and fluorescence
00:07:07 4 Comparison with radioactivity
00:08:58 5 Additional useful properties
00:09:28 5.1 FRET
00:10:18 5.2 Sensitivity to environment
00:12:30 5.3 Fluorescence lifetime
00:13:49 5.4 Multiphoton excitation
00:14:23 5.5 Fluorescence anisotropy
00:14:53 6 Methods
00:19:13 7 See also



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SUMMARY
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Fluorescence is used in the life sciences generally as a non-destructive way of tracking or analysing biological molecules by means of fluorescence.
Some proteins or small molecules in cells are naturally fluorescent, which is called intrinsic fluorescence or autofluorescence (such as NADH, tryptophan or endogenous chlorophyll, phycoerythrin or green fluorescent protein). Alternatively, specific or general proteins, nucleic acids, lipids or small molecules can be "labelled" with an extrinsic fluorophore, a fluorescent dye which can be a small molecule, protein or quantum dot. Several techniques exist to exploit additional properties of fluorophores, such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer, where the energy is passed non-radiatively to a particular neighbouring dye, allowing proximity or protein activation to be detected; another is the change in properties, such as intensity, of certain dyes depending on their environment allowing their use in structural studies.