Mahayana | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-03-20

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahayana


00:02:23 1 Etymology
00:04:15 2 History
00:04:24 2.1 Origin theories
00:14:39 2.2 Earliest inscriptions
00:15:40 2.3 Growth
00:18:41 2.4 Later developments
00:20:05 3 Doctrine
00:21:52 3.1 Buddhas and bodhisattvas
00:25:17 3.2 The Bodhisattva path
00:29:18 3.3 Expedient means
00:30:45 3.4 Major philosophical ideas
00:30:55 3.4.1 Śūnyavāda
00:33:05 3.4.2 Vijñānavāda
00:35:04 3.4.3 Tathāgatagarbha
00:37:36 4 Scripture
00:38:44 4.1 Mahāyāna sutras
00:43:32 4.2 Other literature
00:45:11 4.3 Classifications
00:47:45 4.4 Relationship with the early texts
00:49:48 5 Theravāda school
00:49:57 5.1 Role of the Bodhisattva
00:51:09 5.2 Theravāda and Hīnayāna
00:53:26 6 See also



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SUMMARY
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Mahāyāna (; Sanskrit for "Great Vehicle") is one of two main existing branches of Buddhism (the other being Theravada) and a term for classification of Buddhist philosophies and practice. This movement added a further set of discourses, and although it was initially small in India, it had long-term historical significance. The Buddhist tradition of Vajrayana is sometimes classified as a part of Mahāyāna Buddhism, but some scholars consider it to be a different branch altogether.According to the teachings of Mahāyāna traditions, "Mahāyāna" also refers to the path of the Bodhisattva seeking complete enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings, also called "Bodhisattvayāna", or the "Bodhisattva Vehicle". A bodhisattva who has accomplished this goal is called a samyaksaṃbuddha, or "fully enlightened Buddha". A samyaksaṃbuddha can establish the Dharma and lead disciples to enlightenment. Mahāyāna Buddhists teach that enlightenment can be attained in a single lifetime, and this can be accomplished even by a layperson.The Mahāyāna tradition is the largest major tradition of Buddhism existing today, with 53% of practitioners, compared to 36% for Theravada and 6% for Vajrayana in 2010.In the course of its history, Mahāyāna Buddhism spread from India to various other South, East and Southeast Asian countries such as Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, China, Taiwan, Mongolia, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. Mahayana Buddhism also spread to other South and Southeast Asian countries, such as Afghanistan, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, the Maldives, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Burma, Iran and other Central Asian countries before being replaced by Theravada Buddhism or other religions.Large Mahāyāna scholastic centers such as Nalanda thrived during the latter period of Buddhism in India, between the seventh and twelfth centuries. Major traditions of Mahāyāna Buddhism today include Chan Buddhism, Korean Seon, Japanese Zen, Pure Land Buddhism, Nichiren Buddhism and Vietnamese Buddhism. It may also include the Vajrayana traditions of Tiantai,  Tendai, Shingon Buddhism, and Tibetan Buddhism, which add esoteric teachings to the Mahāyāna tradition.