Thiamine | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-09

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Thiamine


00:01:39 1 Medical uses
00:01:49 1.1 Thiamine deficiency
00:02:57 1.2 Other uses
00:03:12 2 Adverse effects
00:03:28 3 Chemistry
00:04:26 4 Biosynthesis
00:06:02 5 Nutrition
00:06:11 5.1 Occurrence in foods
00:06:55 5.2 Dietary recommendations
00:07:46 5.3 Antagonists
00:08:52 5.4 Food fortification
00:10:11 6 Absorption and transport
00:11:03 6.1 Absorption
00:11:13 6.2 Bound to serum proteins
00:11:56 6.3 Cellular uptake
00:12:27 6.4 Tissue distribution
00:13:10 6.5 Excretion
00:13:59 7 Function
00:14:21 7.1 Thiamine diphosphate
00:15:45 7.2 Thiamine triphosphate
00:17:55 7.3 Adenosine thiamine triphosphate
00:18:32 7.4 Adenosine thiamine diphosphate
00:19:06 8 History
00:19:27 9 See also
00:24:34 10 References



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SUMMARY
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Thiamine, also known as thiamin or vitamin B1, is a vitamin found in food, and manufactured as a dietary supplement and medication. Food sources of thiamine include whole grains, legumes, and some meats and fish. Grain processing removes much of the thiamine content, so in many countries cereals and flours are enriched with thiamine. Supplements and medications are available to treat and prevent thiamine deficiency and disorders that result from it, including beriberi and Wernicke encephalopathy. Other uses include the treatment of maple syrup urine disease and Leigh syndrome. They are typically taken by mouth, but may also be given by intravenous or intramuscular injection.Thiamine supplements are generally well tolerated. Allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, may occur when repeated doses are given by injection. Thiamine is in the B complex family. It is an essential micronutrient, which cannot be made in the body. Thiamine is required for metabolism including that of glucose, amino acids, and lipids.Thiamine was discovered in 1897, was the first vitamin to be isolated in 1926, and was first made in 1936. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. Thiamine is available as a generic medication, and as an over-the-counter drug. The wholesale cost in the developing world (as of 2016) is about 2.17 USD per one gm vial. In the United States a month's supply of a multivitamin containing thiamine is less than 25 USD.