Gender dysphoria
Channel: 宇宙のすべての知識 プリンシピア
Date: 14/03/2019

Gender dysphoria, by Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=43097 / CC BY SA 3.0

#Gender_identity
#Identity_disorders
#Sexual_and_gender_identity_disorders
#Transgender_and_medicine
#Psychiatric_diagnosis
Gender dysphoria

Gender dysphoria (GD) is the distress a person experiences as a result of the sex and gender they were assigned at birth. In this case, the assigned sex and gender do not match the person's gender identity, and the person is transgender. Evidence from studies of twins suggest that people who identify with a gender different from their assigned sex may experience such distress not only due to psychological or behavioral causes, but also biological ones related to their genetics or exposure to hormones before birth.

The diagnostic label gender identity disorder (GID) was used by the DSM until its reclassification as "gender dysphoria" in 2013, with the release of the DSM-5. The diagnosis was reclassified to better align it with medical understanding of the condition and to remove the stigma associated with the term "disorder". The American Psychiatric Association, publisher of the DSM-5, stated that gender nonconformity is not the same thing as gender dysphoria, and that "gender nonconformity is not in itself a mental disorder. The critical element of gender dysphoria is the presence of clinically significant distress associated with the condition." Some transgender people and researchers support declassification of the condition because they say the diagnosis pathologizes gender variance and reinforces the binary model of gender.

The main psychiatric approaches to treatment for persons diagnosed with gender dysphoria are psychotherapy or supporting the individual's preferred gender through hormone therapy, gender expression and role, or surgery.

Symptoms of GD in children may include any of the following: disgust at their own genitalia, social isolation from their peers, anxiety, loneliness and depression. According to the American Psych...