Protestant | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-01

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestantism


00:03:54 1 Terminology
00:04:03 1.1 Protestant
00:05:59 1.2 Evangelical
00:08:20 1.3 Reformational
00:09:07 2 Theology
00:09:16 2.1 Main principles
00:13:23 2.2 Trinity
00:14:16 2.3 Five solae
00:18:54 2.4 Christ's presence in the Eucharist
00:23:02 3 History
00:23:10 3.1 Pre-Reformation
00:27:11 3.2 Reformation proper
00:38:30 3.3 Post-Reformation
00:44:12 4 Radical Reformation
00:47:52 5 Denominations
00:51:33 5.1 United and uniting churches
00:53:49 6 Major branches
00:54:55 6.1 Adventism
00:56:36 6.2 Anabaptism
00:59:08 6.3 Anglicanism
01:01:20 6.4 Baptists
01:04:05 6.5 Calvinism
01:05:53 6.6 Lutheranism
01:07:48 6.7 Methodism
01:09:19 6.8 Pentecostalism
01:11:38 6.9 Other Protestants
01:15:28 7 Interdenominational movements
01:17:13 7.1 Evangelicalism
01:19:12 7.2 Charismatic movement
01:22:29 7.3 Neo-charismatic churches
01:24:07 8 Other Protestant developments
01:24:50 8.1 Arminianism
01:27:41 8.2 Pietism
01:28:48 8.3 Puritanism, English dissenters and nonconformists
01:31:19 8.4 Neo-orthodoxy and Paleo-orthodoxy
01:32:35 8.5 Christian fundamentalism
01:33:30 8.6 Modernism and liberalism
01:34:18 9 Protestant culture
01:36:13 9.1 Thought and work ethic
01:40:51 9.2 Science
01:43:44 9.3 Government
01:47:07 9.4 Rights and liberty
01:51:26 9.5 Social teaching
01:52:36 9.6 Arts
01:54:09 10 Catholic responses
01:57:35 11 Ecumenism
02:00:24 12 Spread and demographics
02:06:50 13 See also
02:07:21 13.1 Tied movements



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SUMMARY
=======
Protestantism is the second largest form of Christianity with collectively between 800 million and more than 900 million adherents worldwide or nearly 40% of all Christians. It originated with the 16th century Reformation, a movement against what its followers perceived to be errors in the Roman Catholic Church. Ever since, Protestants reject the Roman Catholic doctrine of papal supremacy and sacraments, but disagree among themselves regarding the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist. They emphasize the priesthood of all believers, justification by faith alone (sola fide) rather than by good works, and the highest authority of the Bible alone (rather than with sacred tradition) in faith and morals (sola scriptura). The "five solae" summarise basic theological differences in opposition to the Roman Catholic Church.Protestantism is popularly considered to have begun in Germany in 1517 when Martin Luther published his Ninety-five Theses as a reaction against abuses in the sale of indulgences by the Roman Catholic Church, which purported to offer remission of sin to their purchasers. However, the term derives from the letter of protestation from German Lutheran princes in 1529 against an edict of the Diet of Speyer condemning the teachings of Martin Luther as heretical. Although there were earlier breaks and attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church—notably by Peter Waldo, John Wycliffe, and Jan Hus—only Luther succeeded in sparking a wider, lasting, and modern movement. In the 16th century, Lutheranism spread from Germany into Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Latvia, Estonia, and Iceland. Reformed (or Calvinist) denominations spread in Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, Scotland, Switzerland and France by reformers such as John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, and John Knox. The political separation of the Church of England from the pope under King Henry VIII began Anglicanism, bringing England and Wales into this broad Reformation movement.Protestants have developed their own culture, with major contributions in education, the humanities and sciences, the political and social order, the economy and the arts, and many other fields.Protestantism is diverse, being more divided theologically and ecclesiastically than either the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern ...