Troposphere | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 21/06/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troposphere


00:01:35 1 Pressure and temperature structure
00:01:46 1.1 Composition
00:02:46 1.2 Pressure
00:04:18 1.3 Temperature
00:12:46 1.4 Tropopause
00:13:37 2 Atmospheric flow
00:14:18 2.1 Zonal flow
00:14:50 2.2 Meridional flow
00:15:21 2.3 Three-cell model
00:16:28 3 Synoptic scale observations and concepts
00:16:40 3.1 Forcing
00:17:22 3.2 Divergence and convergence
00:18:32 4 See also



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SUMMARY
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The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, and is also where nearly all weather conditions take place. It contains approximately 75% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of the total mass of water vapor and aerosols. The average height of the troposphere is 18 km (11 mi; 59,000 ft) in the tropics, 17 km (11 mi; 56,000 ft) in the middle latitudes, and 6 km (3.7 mi; 20,000 ft) in the polar regions in winter.
The total average height of the troposphere is 13 km.
The lowest part of the troposphere, where friction with the Earth's surface influences air flow, is the planetary boundary layer. This layer is typically a few hundred meters to 2 km (1.2 mi; 6,600 ft) deep depending on the landform and time of day. Atop the troposphere is the tropopause, which is the border between the troposphere and stratosphere. The tropopause is an inversion layer, where the air temperature ceases to decrease with height and remains constant through its thickness.The word troposphere is derived from the Greek tropos (meaning "turn, turn toward, change") and sphere (as in the Earth), reflecting the fact that rotational turbulent mixing plays an important role in the troposphere's structure and behaviour. Most of the phenomena associated with day-to-day weather occur in the troposphere.