Socialist | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-03-26

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism


00:04:58 1 Etymology
00:11:36 2 History
00:11:45 2.1 Early socialism
00:18:44 2.1.1 Paris Commune
00:20:53 2.2 First International
00:27:45 2.3 Second International
00:30:36 2.4 Early 20th century
00:32:52 2.4.1 Russian Revolution
00:37:26 2.4.2 International Working Union of Socialist Parties
00:38:52 2.4.3 Third International
00:42:36 2.4.4 Fourth congress
00:45:16 2.4.5 Spanish Civil War
00:47:37 2.5 Mid-20th century
00:47:47 2.5.1 Post-World War II
00:50:54 2.5.2 Soviet Union and Eastern Europe
00:53:36 2.5.3 Third World
00:58:16 2.5.4 New Left
00:59:36 2.5.5 Protests of 1968
01:03:12 2.6 Late 20th century
01:16:15 3 Contemporary socialist politics
01:16:27 3.1 Africa
01:18:02 3.2 Asia
01:21:38 3.3 Europe
01:30:06 3.4 North America
01:32:16 3.5 Latin America and Caribbean
01:36:13 3.6 Oceania
01:37:24 3.7 International socialism
01:38:01 4 Social and political theory
01:41:47 4.1 Criticism of capitalism
01:46:39 4.2 Marxism
01:50:36 4.3 Role of the state
01:53:19 4.4 Utopian versus scientific
01:55:31 4.5 Reform versus revolution
01:57:37 5 Economics
02:04:50 5.1 Planned economy
02:08:38 5.2 Self-managed economy
02:13:45 5.3 State-directed economy
02:16:04 5.4 Market socialism
02:20:28 6 Politics
02:23:32 6.1 Anarchism
02:24:49 6.2 Democratic socialism
02:27:42 6.3 Leninism and precedents
02:29:23 6.4 Libertarian socialism
02:32:46 6.5 Religious socialism
02:33:56 6.6 Social democracy and liberal socialism
02:38:58 6.7 Socialism and modern progressive social movements
02:49:28 6.8 Syndicalism
02:50:54 7 Criticism
02:51:04 8 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Socialism is a range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production and workers' self-management, as well as the political theories and movements associated with them. Social ownership can be public, collective or cooperative ownership, or citizen ownership of equity. There are many varieties of socialism and there is no single definition encapsulating all of them, with social ownership being the common element shared by its various forms.Socialist systems are divided into non-market and market forms. Non-market socialism involves the substitution of factor markets and money with engineering and technical criteria based on calculation performed in-kind, thereby producing an economic mechanism that functions according to different economic laws from those of capitalism. Non-market socialism aims to circumvent the inefficiencies and crises traditionally associated with capital accumulation and the profit system. By contrast, market socialism retains the use of monetary prices, factor markets and in some cases the profit motive, with respect to the operation of socially owned enterprises and the allocation of capital goods between them. Profits generated by these firms would be controlled directly by the workforce of each firm, or accrue to society at large in the form of a social dividend. The socialist calculation debate concerns the feasibility and methods of resource allocation for a socialist system.
Socialist politics has been both internationalist and nationalist in orientation; organised through political parties and opposed to party politics; at times overlapping with trade unions, and at other times independent and critical of unions; and present in both industrialised and developing nations. Originating within the socialist movement, social democracy has embraced a mixed economy with a market that includes substantial state intervention in the form of income redistribution, regulation, and a welfare state. Economic democracy proposes a sort of market socialism where there is more decentralized control of companies, currencies, investments, and natural resources.
The socialist political movemen ...