Amber | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-07

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amber


00:00:47 1 Etymology
00:02:28 2 History
00:07:38 3 Composition and formation
00:08:54 3.1 Formation
00:09:48 3.2 Botanical origin
00:10:19 3.3 Physical attributes
00:10:48 3.4 Inclusions
00:11:45 4 Extraction and processing
00:11:55 4.1 Distribution and mining
00:13:06 4.2 Treatment
00:14:39 5 Appearance
00:17:16 6 Classification
00:18:22 6.1 Class I
00:18:57 6.1.1 Ia
00:19:06 6.1.2 Ib
00:20:11 6.1.3 Ic
00:20:19 6.2 Class II
00:20:29 6.3 Class III
00:20:37 6.4 Class IV
00:21:20 6.5 Class V
00:21:29 7 Geological record
00:21:38 7.1 Paleontological significance
00:21:47 8 Use
00:21:53 8.1 Jewelry
00:22:02 8.2 Historic medicinal uses
00:22:14 8.3 In children
00:22:23 8.4 Scent of amber and amber perfumery
00:22:39 9 Imitation
00:22:49 9.1 Imitation made in natural resins
00:25:32 9.2 Imitations made of plastics
00:25:42 10 See also
00:27:38 11 References
00:27:47 12 Bibliography
00:27:59 13 External links
00:28:07 Amber has been used as jewelry since the Stone Age, from 13,000 years ago. Amber ornaments have been found in Mycenaean tombs and elsewhere across Europe. To this day it is used in the manufacture of smoking and glassblowing mouthpieces. Amber's place in culture and tradition lends it a tourism value; Palanga Amber Museum is dedicated to the fossilized resin.
00:28:36 Historic medicinal uses
00:28:46 Amber has long been used in folk medicine for its purported healing properties.  Amber and extracts were used from the time of Hippocrates in ancient Greece for a wide variety of treatments through the Middle Ages and up until the early twentieth century. Traditional Chinese medicine uses amber to "tranquilize the mind", and there is limited evidence that it has a sedative effect in mice.
00:29:15 In children
00:29:24 Amber necklaces are a traditional European remedy for colic or teething pain due to the purported analgesic properties of succinic acid, although there is no evidence that this is an effective remedy or delivery method. The American Academy of Pediatrics and the FDA have warned strongly against their use, as they present both a choking and a strangulation hazard.
00:29:50 Scent of amber and amber perfumery
00:31:56 Imitation
00:32:05 Imitation made in natural resins
00:32:58 Imitations made of plastics



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SUMMARY
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Amber is fossilized tree resin, which has been appreciated for its color and natural beauty since Neolithic times. Much valued from antiquity to the present as a gemstone, amber is made into a variety of decorative objects. Amber is used in jewelry. It has also been used as a healing agent in folk medicine.
There are five classes of amber, defined on the basis of their chemical constituents. Because it originates as a soft, sticky tree resin, amber sometimes contains animal and plant material as inclusions. Amber occurring in coal seams is also called resinite, and the term ambrite is applied to that found specifically within New Zealand coal seams.