Secretion of creosote preservative into aquatic ecosystem | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-07-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creosote


00:01:32 1 Creosote oils
00:06:48 1.1 Wood-tar creosote
00:09:40 1.1.1 Historical uses
00:09:48 1.1.1.1 Industrial
00:10:57 1.1.1.2 Medical
00:15:39 1.1.2 Current uses
00:15:47 1.1.2.1 Industrial
00:16:34 1.1.2.2 Medical
00:17:36 1.2 Coal-tar creosote
00:21:55 1.2.1 Historical uses
00:22:03 1.2.1.1 Industrial
00:25:00 1.2.1.2 Medical
00:25:22 1.2.2 Current uses
00:25:30 1.2.2.1 Industrial
00:26:46 1.3 Oil-tar creosote
00:27:35 1.4 Water-gas-tar creosote
00:28:24 1.5 Lignite-tar creosote
00:29:10 1.6 Peat-tar creosote
00:29:32 2 Health effects
00:32:37 3 Build-up in chimneys
00:34:10 4 Release into environment
00:35:38 5 Chemical reactions with sediment and organisms
00:36:04 5.1 Alkylation
00:36:53 5.1.1 m-Cresol
00:37:39 5.1.2 Phenol
00:38:10 5.2 Bioaccumulation
00:40:36 5.3 Biodegradation
00:43:21 5.4 Oxidation-reduction
00:44:01 5.4.1 p-Cresol
00:44:57 5.4.2 Phenol
00:45:38 6 Environmental hazards
00:45:47 6.1 Sediment
00:47:16 6.2 Other
00:48:14 7 Remediation of pilings
00:50:01 8 See also



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SUMMARY
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Creosote is a category of carbonaceous chemicals formed by the distillation of various tars and pyrolysis of plant-derived material, such as wood or fossil fuel. They are typically used as preservatives or antiseptics.Some creosote types were used historically as a treatment for components of seagoing and outdoor wood structures to prevent rot (e.g., bridgework and railroad ties, see image). Samples may be commonly found inside chimney flues, where the coal or wood burns under variable conditions, producing soot and tarry smoke. Creosotes are the principal chemicals responsible for the stability, scent, and flavor characteristic of smoked meat; the name is derived from Greek, Modern  κρέας (kreas), meaning 'meat', and  σωτήρ (sōtēr), meaning 'preserver'.The two main kinds recognized in industry are coal-tar creosote and  wood-tar creosote. The coal-tar variety, having stronger and more toxic properties, has chiefly been used as a preservative for wood; coal-tar creosote was also formerly used as an escharotic, to burn malignant skin tissue, and in dentistry, to prevent necrosis, before its carcinogenic properties became known. The wood-tar variety has been used for meat preservation, ship treatment, and such medical purposes as an anaesthetic, antiseptic, astringent, expectorant, and laxative, though these have mostly been replaced by modern formulations.Varieties of creosote have also been made from both oil shale and  petroleum, and are known as oil-tar creosote when derived from oil tar, and as water-gas-tar creosote when derived from the tar of water gas. Creosote also has been made from pre-coal formations such as lignite, yielding lignite-tar creosote, and peat, yielding peat-tar creosote.