Company rule in India | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-07

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Company rule in India


00:01:52 1 Origins
00:06:11 1.1 Expansion
00:06:28 1.1.1 Chronology
00:07:37 2 The Governors-General
00:07:54 3 Regulation of Company rule
00:16:15 4 Revenue collection
00:26:26 5 Army and civil service
00:31:47 5.1 Civil service
00:33:25 6 Trade
00:37:35 7 Justice system
00:45:30 8 Education
00:53:55 9 Social reform
00:55:04 10 Post and telegraph
00:55:14 10.1 Postal services
00:57:57 10.2 Telegraphy
01:03:27 11 Railways
01:09:23 12 Canals
01:15:10 13 See also



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SUMMARY
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Company rule in India (sometimes, Company Raj, "raj", lit. "rule" in Hindi) refers to the rule or dominion of the British East India Company over parts of the Indian subcontinent. This is variously taken to have commenced in 1757, after the Battle of Plassey, when Mir Jafar, the new Nawab of Bengal enthroned by Robert Clive, became a puppet in the Company's hands; in 1765, when the Company was granted the diwani, or the right to collect revenue, in Bengal and Bihar; or in 1773, when the Company established a capital in Calcutta, appointed its first Governor-General, Warren Hastings, and became directly involved in governance. By 1818, with the defeat of the Marathas, followed by the pensioning of the Peshwa and the annexation of his territories, British supremacy in India was complete.The East India Company was a private company owned by stockholders and reporting to a board of directors in London.  Originally formed as a monopoly on trade, it increasingly took on governmental powers with its own army and judiciary.  It seldom turned a profit, as employees diverted funds into their own pockets.  The British government had little control, and there was increasing anger at the corruption and irresponsibility of Company officials or "nabobs" who made vast fortunes in a few years. Pitt's India Act of 1784 gave the British government effective control of the private company for the first time. The new policies were designed for an elite civil service career that minimized temptations for corruption.  Increasingly Company officials lived in separate compounds according to British standards. The Company's rule lasted until 1858, when, after the Indian rebellion of 1857, it was abolished. With the Government of India Act 1858, the British government assumed the task of directly administering India in the new British Raj.