Climate change feedback | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-17

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_feedback


00:02:11 1 Positive
00:02:20 1.1 Carbon cycle feedbacks
00:06:18 1.1.1 Arctic methane release
00:06:49 1.1.1.1 Methane release from melting permafrost peat bogs
00:07:56 1.1.1.2 Methane release from hydrates
00:09:50 1.1.2 Abrupt increases in atmospheric methane
00:11:28 1.1.3 Decomposition
00:11:46 1.1.4 Peat decomposition
00:12:25 1.1.5 Rainforest drying
00:13:18 1.1.6 Forest fires
00:14:32 1.1.7 Desertification
00:15:01 1.1.8 Modelling results
00:17:41 1.1.8.1 Implications for climate policy
00:19:01 1.2 Cloud feedback
00:20:18 1.3 Gas release
00:20:51 1.4 Ice-albedo feedback
00:23:59 1.5 Water vapor feedback
00:25:24 2 Negative
00:25:32 2.1 Blackbody radiation
00:26:14 2.2 Carbon cycle
00:26:23 2.2.1 Le Chatelier's principle
00:27:38 2.2.2 Chemical weathering
00:28:29 2.2.3 Net Primary Productivity
00:28:59 2.3 Lapse rate
00:30:04 3 See also



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SUMMARY
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Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term "forcing" means a change which may "push" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes.Forcings and feedbacks together determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere. Observations and modelling studies indicate that there is a net positive feedback to warming. Large positive feedbacks can lead to effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change."