Biased random walk (biochemistry) | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotaxis


00:01:39 1 History of chemotaxis research
00:03:38 2 Bacterial chemotaxis—general characteristics
00:04:32 2.1 Behavior
00:07:50 2.2 Signal transduction
00:08:38 2.2.1 Flagellum regulation
00:09:52 2.2.2 Receptor regulation
00:11:58 3 Chemoattractants and chemorepellents
00:15:33 4 Eukaryotic chemotaxis
00:18:37 4.1 Motility
00:20:01 4.1.1 Chemotaxis-related migratory responses
00:21:39 4.2 Receptors
00:22:49 4.2.1 Chemotactic selection
00:23:50 4.3 Chemotactic ligands
00:30:31 4.3.1 Chemotactic range fitting
00:31:27 5 Clinical significance
00:32:34 6 Mathematical models
00:36:05 7 Measurement of chemotaxis
00:37:14 8 Artificial chemotactic systems



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SUMMARY
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Chemotaxis (from chemo- + taxis) is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus. Somatic cells, bacteria, and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment. This is important for bacteria to find food (e.g., glucose) by swimming toward the highest concentration of food molecules, or to flee from poisons (e.g., phenol). In multicellular organisms, chemotaxis is critical to early development (e.g., movement of sperm towards the egg during fertilization) and subsequent phases of development (e.g., migration of neurons or lymphocytes) as well as in normal function and health (e.g., migration of leukocytes during injury or infection). In addition, it has been recognized that mechanisms that allow chemotaxis in animals can be subverted during cancer metastasis. The aberrant chemotaxis of leukocytes and lymphocytes also contribute to inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, asthma, and arthritis.   Positive chemotaxis occurs if the movement is toward a higher concentration of the chemical in question; negative chemotaxis if the movement is in the opposite direction. Chemically prompted kinesis (randomly directed or nondirectional) can be called chemokinesis.