Environment of New Zealand | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-15

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environment_of_New_Zealand


00:01:35 1 Physical environment
00:01:45 1.1 Topography
00:02:44 1.2 Natural disturbances
00:03:21 1.3 Soil
00:04:04 1.4 Climate
00:04:45 2 Ecosystems and ecology
00:07:39 2.1 Forests
00:09:39 2.2 Grasslands
00:10:48 2.3 Alpine
00:11:21 2.4 Rivers and wetlands
00:11:48 2.5 Coastal
00:12:10 2.6 Marine
00:12:49 2.7 Rare natural ecosystems
00:13:26 2.8 Cultural landscapes
00:14:09 3 Unsustainable practices
00:17:26 4 Environmental politics
00:17:36 4.1 Politics and public opinion
00:18:29 4.2 Environmental funding
00:19:18 4.3 Protected areas
00:19:49 4.4 Environmental law
00:20:51 4.5 Treaties and international agreements
00:24:24 5 Evaluations of New Zealand's environmental performance
00:24:36 5.1 State of the Environment reporting
00:24:57 5.2 Environmental Performance Index
00:25:46 5.3 OECD environmental performance review
00:26:57 6 See also



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SUMMARY
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The environment of New Zealand is characterised by an endemic flora and fauna which has evolved in near isolation from the rest of the world. The main islands of New Zealand span two biomes, temperate and subtropical, complicated by large mountainous areas above the tree line. There are also numerous smaller islands which extent into the sub antarctic. The prevailing weather systems bring significantly more rain to the west of the country.  New Zealand's territorial waters cover a much larger area than its landmass and extend over the continental shelf and abyssal plateau in the South Pacific Ocean, Tasman Sea and Southern ocean.
Historically having an isolated and endemic ecosystem far into modernity, the arrival of Polynesians about 1300 AD and then later European settlers began to have significant impacts on this system, with the intentional and unintentional introduction of new species and plants which often overwhelmed their natural competitors, leading to a significant loss of native ecology and biodiversity, especially in areas such as bird life.
Today, most parts of New Zealand are heavily modified by the effects of logging, agriculture and general human settlement, though large areas have also been placed under protection, combined in many cases with efforts to protect or regenerate native ecosystems (aided by the fact that especially the South Island of New Zealand has a very low population density).