Animal husbandry | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 07/05/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_husbandry


00:02:17 1 Etymology
00:03:08 2 History
00:03:17 2.1 Birth of husbandry
00:06:23 2.2 Ancient civilisations
00:07:18 2.3 Medieval husbandry
00:08:25 2.4 Columbian Exchange
00:08:58 2.5 Agricultural Revolution
00:10:40 3 Husbandry
00:10:49 3.1 Systems
00:13:27 3.2 Feeding
00:16:01 3.3 Breeding
00:17:06 3.4 Animal health
00:19:51 3.5 Range of species
00:20:46 3.6 Products
00:21:28 4 Branches
00:21:37 4.1 Dairy
00:23:26 4.2 Meat
00:24:52 4.3 Poultry
00:26:54 4.4 Aquaculture
00:28:52 4.5 Insects
00:31:05 5 Effects
00:31:14 5.1 Environmental impact
00:32:53 5.2 Animal welfare
00:34:09 5.3 In culture
00:36:42 6 See also



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SUMMARY
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Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture concerned with animals that are raised for meat, fibre, milk, eggs, or other products. It includes day-to-day care, selective breeding and the raising of livestock.
Husbandry has a long history, starting with the Neolithic revolution when animals were first domesticated, from around 13,000 BC onwards, antedating farming of the first crops. By the time of early civilisations such as ancient Egypt, cattle, sheep, goats and pigs were being raised on farms.
Major changes took place in the Columbian Exchange when Old World livestock were brought to the New World, and then in the British Agricultural Revolution of the 18th century, when livestock breeds like the Dishley Longhorn cattle and Lincoln Longwool sheep were rapidly improved by agriculturalists such as Robert Bakewell to yield more meat, milk, and wool.
A wide range of other species such as horse, water buffalo, llama, rabbit and guinea pig are used as livestock in some parts of the world. Insect farming, as well as aquaculture of fish, molluscs, and crustaceans, is widespread.
Modern animal husbandry relies on production systems adapted to the type of land available. Subsistence farming is being superseded by intensive animal farming in the more developed parts of the world, where for example beef cattle are kept in high density feedlots, and thousands of chickens may be raised in broiler houses or batteries. On poorer soil such as in uplands, animals are often kept more extensively, and may be allowed to roam widely, foraging for themselves.
Most livestock are herbivores, except for pigs and chickens which are omnivores. Ruminants like cattle and sheep are adapted to feed on grass; they can forage outdoors, or may be fed entirely or in part on rations richer in energy and protein, such as pelleted cereals. Pigs and poultry cannot digest the cellulose in forage, and require cereals and other high-energy foods.