anatomy of flowering plants, dicotyledonous leaf monocotyledonous stem and leaf
Channel: ISHTA’s BIO ACADEMY
Date: 05/01/2022

Anatomically, a plant is made of different kinds of tissues. The plant tissues are
broadly classified into meristematic (apical, lateral and intercalary) and permanent
(simple and complex). Assimilation of food and its storage, transportation of water,
minerals and photosynthates, and mechanical support are the main functions of
tissues. There are three types of tissue systems – epidermal, ground and vascular.
The epidermal tissue systems are made of epidermal cells, stomata and the
epidermal appendages. The ground tissue system forms the main bulk of the
plant. It is divided into three zones – cortex, pericycle and pith. The vascular
tissue system is formed by the xylem and phloem. On the basis of presence of
cambium, location of xylem and phloem, the vascular bundles are of different
types. The vascular bundles form the conducting tissue and translocate water,
minerals and food material.
2020-21
ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS 99
Monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants show marked variation in their
internal structures. They differ in type, number and location of vascular bundles.
The secondary growth occurs in most of the dicotyledonous roots and stems and
it increases the girth (diameter) of the organs by the activity of the vascular cambium
and the cork cambium. The wood is actually a secondary xylem. There are different
types of wood on the basis of their composition and time of production.