Dionysus | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 04/10/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionysus


00:02:43 1 Etymology
00:05:03 2 Origins
00:08:23 3 Epithets
00:12:00 4 Worship and festivals in Greece
00:12:28 4.1 Dionysia
00:14:03 4.2 Bacchic mysteries
00:16:05 4.3 Eleusinian mysteries
00:21:14 4.4 Orphism
00:23:23 5 Worship and festivals in Rome
00:23:34 5.1 Liber and importation to Rome
00:26:20 5.2 Bacchanalia
00:29:04 6 Post-classical worship
00:29:14 6.1 Late Antiquity
00:30:35 6.2 Worship from the Middle Ages to the Modern period
00:33:13 7 Identification with other gods
00:33:23 7.1 Osiris
00:35:42 7.2 Hades
00:39:39 7.3 Sabazios and Yahweh
00:43:02 8 Mythology
00:45:04 8.1 First birth
00:48:38 8.1.1 Interpretation
00:51:10 8.2 Second birth
00:56:57 8.2.1 Interpretation
00:59:13 8.3 Infancy
01:02:01 8.4 Travels and invention of wine
01:04:06 8.5 Return to Greece
01:06:39 8.6 Captivity and escape
01:08:36 8.7 Descent to the underworld
01:11:15 8.8 Secondary myths
01:11:24 8.8.1 Midas' golden touch
01:12:52 8.8.2 Other myths
01:14:31 9 Lovers and offspring
01:14:41 10 Iconography
01:14:50 10.1 Symbols
01:18:36 10.2 In classical art
01:22:06 11 Post-classical culture
01:22:16 11.1 Art from the Renaissance on
01:24:45 11.2 Modern literature and philosophy
01:27:29 11.3 Modern film and performance art
01:29:20 12 Parallels with Christianity
01:29:39 12.1 Death and resurrection
01:30:26 12.2 Trial
01:31:18 12.3 Sacred food and drink
01:32:05 12.4 Other parallels
01:34:06 13 Gallery
01:34:15 14 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Dionysus is the god of the grape-harvest, winemaking and wine, of fertility, ritual madness, religious ecstasy, and theatre in ancient Greek religion and myth.He is also known as Bacchus ( or ; Greek: Βάκχος, Bákkhos), the name adopted by the Romans and the frenzy he induces is bakkheia. His thyrsus, sometimes wound with ivy and dripping with honey, is both a beneficent wand and a weapon used to destroy those who oppose his cult and the freedoms he represents. As Eleutherios ("the liberator"), his wine, music and ecstatic dance free his followers from self-conscious fear and care, and subvert the oppressive restraints of the powerful. Those who partake of his mysteries are believed to become possessed and empowered by the god himself.In his religion, identical with or closely related to Orphism, Dionysus was believed to have been born from the union of Zeus and Persephone, and to have himself represented a cthonic or underworld aspect of Zeus. Many believed that he had been born twice, having been killed and reborn as the son of Zeus and the mortal Semele. In the Eleusinian Mysteries he was identified with Iacchus, the son (or, alternately, husband) of Demeter.
His origins are uncertain, and his cults took many forms; some are described by ancient sources as Thracian, others as Greek. Though most accounts say he was born in Thrace, traveled abroad, and arrived in Greece as a foreigner, evidence from the Mycenaean period of Greek history show that he is one of Greece's oldest attested gods. His attribute of "foreignness" as an arriving outsider-god may be inherent and essential to his cults, as he is a god of epiphany, sometimes called "the god that comes".Wine played an important role in Greek culture, and the cult of Dionysus was the main religious focus surrounding its consumption. Wine, as well as the vines and grapes that produce it, were seen as not only a gift of the god, but a symbolic incarnation of him on earth. However, rather than being a god of drunkenness, as he was often stereotyped in the post-Classical era, the religion of Dionysus centered on the correct consumption of wine, which could ease suffering and bring joy, as well as inspire divine madness distinct from drunkenness. Performance art and drama were also central to his religion, and its festiva ...