Hohmann transfer orbit | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-23

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hohmann_transfer_orbit


00:01:48 1 Explanation
00:03:44 1.1 Type I and Type II
00:04:36 2 Calculation
00:14:13 3 Example
00:14:26 4 Worst case, maximum delta-iv/i
00:15:22 5 Application to interplanetary travel
00:15:51 6 Hohmann transfer versus low thrust orbits
00:16:39 6.1 Low-thrust transfer
00:16:50 6.2 Interplanetary Transport Network
00:18:26 7 See also
00:22:54 8 References
00:23:06 9 Sources
00:25:32 10 External links
00:26:20 See also



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SUMMARY
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In orbital mechanics, the Hohmann transfer orbit () is an elliptical orbit used to transfer between two circular orbits of different radii in the same plane.  In general a Hohmann transfer orbit uses the lowest possible amount of energy in traveling between two objects orbiting at these radii, and so is used to send the maximum amount of mission payload with the fixed amount of energy that can be imparted by a particular rocket.  Non-Hohmann transfer paths may have other advantages for a particular mission such as shorter transfer times, but will necessarily require a reduction in payload mass and/or use of a more powerful rocket.A Hohmann transfer requires that the starting and destination points be at particular locations in their orbits relative to each other.  Space missions using a Hohmann transfer must wait for this required alignment to occur, which opens a so-called launch window.  For a space mission between Earth and Mars, for example, these launch windows occur every 26 months.  A Hohmann transfer orbit also determines a fixed time required to travel between the starting and destination points; for an Earth-Mars journey this travel time is 9 months.  
The orbital maneuver to perform the Hohmann transfer uses two engine impulses, one to move a spacecraft onto the transfer orbit and a second to move off it. This maneuver was named after Walter Hohmann, the German scientist who published a description of it in his 1925 book Die Erreichbarkeit der Himmelskörper (The Attainability of Celestial Bodies). Hohmann was influenced in part by the German science fiction author Kurd Lasswitz and his 1897 book Two Planets.