Chemical cracking | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-03-28

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cracking_(chemistry)


00:01:21 1 History and patents
00:04:46 2 Cracking methodologies
00:04:57 2.1 Thermal methods
00:06:04 2.1.1 Thermal cracking
00:08:38 2.1.2 Steam cracking
00:12:07 2.1.2.1 Process details
00:16:15 2.2 Catalytic methods
00:17:21 2.2.1 Fluid Catalytic cracking
00:21:25 2.2.2 Hydrocracking
00:24:05 3 Fundamentals
00:24:54 4 See also



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SUMMARY
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In petrochemistry, petroleum geology and organic chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as kerogens or long-chain hydrocarbons are broken down into simpler molecules such as light hydrocarbons, by the breaking of carbon-carbon bonds in the precursors. The rate of cracking and the end products are strongly dependent on the temperature and presence of catalysts. Cracking is the breakdown of a large alkane into smaller, more useful alkenes. Simply put, hydrocarbon cracking is the process of breaking a long-chain of hydrocarbons into short ones. This process requires high temperatures and high pressure.More loosely, outside the field of petroleum chemistry, the term "cracking" is used to describe any type of splitting of molecules under the influence of heat, catalysts and solvents, such as in processes of destructive distillation or pyrolysis.
Fluid catalytic cracking produces a high yield of petrol and LPG, while hydrocracking is a major source of jet fuel, Diesel fuel, naphtha, and again yields LPG.