Application of Islamic law by country | Wikipedia audio article
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Date: 2018-11-30

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Application of Islamic law by country

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SUMMARY
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Since the early Islamic states of the eighth and ninth centuries, Islamic law (known in Arabic as sharia) always existed alongside other normative systems.Within sharia, some crimes are known as hudud, for which there are specific penalties specified by Islam. For example, according to some interpretations, adultery is punished by stoning, fornication and the consumption of alcohol by lashing, and theft by the amputation of limbs. Many predominately Muslim countries have not adopted hudud penalties in their criminal justice systems. The harshest penalties are enforced with varying levels of consistency, and although most Muslim-majority countries adopt various aspects of sharia, some countries may only adopt a few aspects, whereas others apply the entire sharia code. The use of flogging is more common compared to punishments like amputations.The adoption and demand for sharia in the legal system of nations with significant Muslim-minorities is an active topic of international debate. Introducing sharia as the law of the land in Muslim-majority nations has been described as "a longstanding goal for Islamist movements", and attempts to introduce or expand sharia have been accompanied by controversy, violence, and even warfare. Most countries of the world do not recognize sharia; however, some that do recognize sharia use it as the basis for divorce, inheritance and other personal affairs of their Islamic population. And in countries where Islam is the predominant religion, sharia is fully instituted, including laws governing punishment for sin against Allah and Islam – not just divorce, inheritance and personal affairs.