Ireland | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-03-17

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland


00:04:22 1 Name
00:04:51 2 History
00:05:00 2.1 Prehistoric Ireland
00:08:20 2.1.1 Emergence of Celtic Ireland
00:13:25 2.2 Late antiquity and early medieval times
00:18:29 2.3 Norman and English invasions
00:23:27 2.4 The Kingdom of Ireland
00:28:18 2.5 Union with Great Britain
00:35:47 2.6 Partition
00:37:02 2.6.1 Independence
00:40:36 2.6.2 Northern Ireland
00:45:47 3 Politics
00:46:39 3.1 Republic of Ireland
00:48:01 3.2 Northern Ireland
00:49:20 3.3 All-island institutions
00:51:30 4 Economy
00:52:47 4.1 Tourism
00:54:44 4.2 Energy
00:58:36 5 Geography
01:03:01 5.1 Climate
01:05:31 6 Flora and fauna
01:11:06 6.1 Impact of agriculture
01:13:42 7 Demographics
01:17:11 7.1 Divisions and settlements
01:20:00 7.2 Migration
01:24:29 7.3 Languages
01:29:04 8 Culture
01:31:44 8.1 Arts
01:31:52 8.1.1 Literature
01:35:33 8.1.2 Music
01:38:44 8.1.3 Art
01:39:31 8.2 Science
01:43:40 8.3 Sports
01:45:30 8.3.1 Field sports
01:51:14 8.3.2 Other sports
01:55:00 8.3.3 Recreation
01:56:48 8.4 Food and drink
02:02:22 9 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Ireland ( (listen); Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] (listen); Ulster-Scots: Airlann [ˈɑːrlən]) is an island in the North Atlantic. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel. Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest on Earth.Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially named Ireland), which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom. In 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.6 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain. Just under 4.8 million live in the Republic of Ireland and just over 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland.The island's geography comprises relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain, with several navigable rivers extending inland. Its lush vegetation is a product of its mild but changeable climate which is free of extremes in temperature. Much of Ireland was woodland until the end of the Middle Ages. Today, woodland makes up about 10% of the island, compared with a European average of over 33%, and most of it is non-native conifer plantations. There are twenty-six extant mammal species native to Ireland. The Irish climate is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean and thus very moderate, and winters are milder than expected for such a northerly area, although summers are cooler than those in continental Europe. Rainfall and cloud cover are abundant.
The earliest evidence of human presence in Ireland is dated at 10,500 BC (12,500 years ago). Gaelic Ireland had emerged by the 1st century AD. The island was Christianised from the 5th century onward. Following the 12th century Norman invasion, England claimed sovereignty. However, English rule did not extend over the whole island until the 16th–17th century Tudor conquest, which led to colonisation by settlers from Britain. In the 1690s, a system of Protestant English rule was designed to materially disadvantage the Catholic majority and Protestant dissenters, and was extended during the 18th century. With the Acts of Union in 1801, Ireland became a part of the United Kingdom. A war of independence in the early 20th century was followed by the partition of the island, creating the Irish Free State, which became increasingly sovereign over the following decades, and Northern Ireland, which remained a part of the United Kingdom. Northern Ireland saw much civil unrest from the late 1960s until the 1990s. This subsided following a political agreement in 1998. In 1973 the Republic of Ireland joined the European Economic Community while the United ...