First World War | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-14

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
First World War


00:06:48 1 Names
00:09:48 2 Background
00:09:57 2.1 Political and military alliances
00:12:25 2.2 Arms race
00:14:34 2.3 Conflicts in the Balkans
00:15:54 3 Prelude
00:16:03 3.1 Sarajevo assassination
00:18:08 3.2 Expansion of violence in Bosnia and Herzegovina
00:19:05 3.3 July Crisis
00:23:12 4 Progress of the war
00:23:21 4.1 Opening hostilities
00:23:30 4.1.1 Confusion among the Central Powers
00:24:17 4.1.2 Serbian campaign
00:24:59 4.1.3 German Offensive in Belgium and France
00:28:12 4.1.4 Asia and the Pacific
00:29:18 4.1.5 African campaigns
00:30:01 4.1.6 Indian support for the Allies
00:31:30 4.2 Western Front
00:31:39 4.2.1 Trench warfare begins
00:33:54 4.2.2 Continuation of trench warfare
00:37:33 4.3 Naval war
00:42:15 4.4 Southern theatres
00:42:24 4.4.1 War in the Balkans
00:46:00 4.4.2 Ottoman Empire
00:50:36 4.4.3 Italian participation
00:54:43 4.4.4 Romanian participation
00:57:39 4.5 Eastern Front
00:57:47 4.5.1 Initial actions
00:58:39 4.5.2 Russian Revolution
01:01:18 4.5.3 Czechoslovak Legion
01:02:43 4.6 Central Powers peace overtures
01:04:27 4.7 1917–1918
01:04:45 4.7.1 Developments in 1917
01:07:48 4.7.2 Ottoman Empire conflict, 1917–1918
01:10:53 4.7.3 15 August 1917: Peace offer by the Pope
01:11:55 4.7.4 Entry of the United States
01:15:30 4.7.5 German Spring Offensive of 1918
01:19:05 4.7.6 New states enter the war
01:20:23 4.8 Allied victory: summer 1918 onwards
01:20:34 4.8.1 Hundred Days Offensive
01:22:42 4.8.1.1 Battle of Albert
01:24:15 4.8.2 Allied advance to the Hindenburg Line
01:26:05 4.8.3 German Revolution 1918-1919
01:27:04 4.8.4 New German government surrenders
01:28:03 4.8.5 Armistices and capitulations
01:31:30 5 Aftermath
01:32:11 5.1 Formal end of the war
01:34:02 5.2 Peace treaties and national boundaries
01:38:33 5.3 National identities
01:41:52 5.4 Health effects
01:45:21 6 Technology
01:45:30 6.1 Ground warfare
01:50:58 6.1.1 Areas taken in major attacks
01:52:34 6.2 Naval
01:53:29 6.3 Aviation
01:55:35 7 War crimes
01:55:44 7.1 Baralong incidents
01:56:40 7.2 Torpedoing of HMHS iLlandovery Castle/i
01:57:27 7.3 Blockade of Germany
01:58:16 7.4 Chemical weapons in warfare
02:00:16 7.5 Genocide and ethnic cleansing
02:00:25 7.5.1 Ottoman Empire
02:02:04 7.5.2 Russian Empire
02:02:29 7.6 Rape of Belgium
02:03:54 8 Soldiers' experiences
02:04:30 8.1 Prisoners of war
02:08:11 8.2 Military attachés and war correspondents
02:08:37 9 Support for and opposition to the war
02:08:48 9.1 Support
02:12:19 9.2 Opposition
02:18:01 9.3 Conscription
02:18:27 9.3.1 Conscription in Canada
02:18:54 9.3.2 Conscription in Australia
02:19:25 9.3.3 Conscription in Britain
02:20:55 9.3.4 United States
02:22:56 9.3.5 Austria-Hungary
02:23:38 9.4 Diplomacy
02:24:29 10 Legacy and memory
02:24:53 10.1 Historiography
02:25:36 10.2 Memorials
02:27:16 10.3 Cultural memory
02:30:08 10.4 Social trauma
02:31:17 10.5 Discontent in Germany
02:33:15 10.6 Economic effects
02:39:28 11 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as "the war to end all wars", it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. An estimated nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a direct result of the war, and it also contributed to later genocides and the 1918 influenza pandemic, which caused between 50 and 100 million deaths worldwide. Military losses were exacerbated by new technological and industrial developments and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political changes, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923, in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries  ...