Vertical plane | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-02

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical_and_horizontal


00:00:42 1 Historical definition
00:01:15 2 Geophysical definition
00:01:26 2.1 The plumb line and spirit level
00:02:05 2.2 The flat earth approximation
00:02:47 2.3 The spherical Earth
00:04:12 2.4 Further complications
00:05:09 2.5 Walls and floors
00:06:09 2.6 Independence of horizontal and vertical motions
00:07:03 3 Mathematical definition
00:07:14 3.1 In two dimensions
00:08:45 3.2 In three dimensions
00:09:38 3.3 In the classroom
00:10:13 4 Discussion
00:13:03 4.1 Practical use in daily life
00:14:45 5 See also
00:15:22 6 References and notes
00:15:32 7 Further reading
00:16:10 8 External links



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SUMMARY
=======
In astronomy, geography, and related sciences and contexts, a direction or plane passing by a given point is said to be vertical if it contains the local gravity direction at that point.

Conversely, a direction or plane is said to be horizontal if it is perpendicular to the vertical direction.
The usage of the inter-related terms horizontal and vertical as well as their symmetries and asymmetries vary with context (e.g. two vs. three dimensions).
In general, something that is vertical can be drawn from up to down (or down to up), such as the y-axis in the Cartesian coordinate system.