Galvanometer | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-02

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvanometer


00:02:00 1 Operation
00:05:22 2 Uses
00:06:11 2.1 Modern uses
00:08:24 2.2 Past uses
00:09:21 3 History
00:09:30 3.1 Hans Oersted
00:09:55 3.2 Schweigger and Ampère
00:10:50 3.3 Poggendorff and Thomson
00:12:07 3.4 Georg Ohm
00:12:30 3.5 D'Arsonval and Deprez
00:13:44 3.6 Edward Weston
00:15:35 3.7 Taut-Band movement
00:16:01 4 Types
00:16:24 4.1 Tangent galvanometer
00:18:55 4.1.1 Theory
00:22:10 4.1.2 Geomagnetic field measurement
00:23:18 4.2 Astatic galvanometer
00:24:33 4.3 Mirror galvanometer
00:25:46 4.4 Ballistic galvanometer
00:26:22 5 See also



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SUMMARY
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A galvanometer is an electromechanical instrument used for detecting and indicating an electric current. A galvanometer works as an actuator, by producing a rotary deflection (of a "pointer"), in response to electric current flowing through a coil in a constant magnetic field. Early galvanometers were not calibrated, but their later developments were used as measuring instruments, called ammeters, to measure the current flowing through an electric circuit.
Galvanometers developed from the observation that the needle of a magnetic compass is deflected near a wire that has electric current flowing through it, first described by Hans Christian Ørsted in 1820. They were the first instruments used to detect and measure small amounts of electric currents. André-Marie Ampère, who gave mathematical expression to Ørsted's discovery and named the instrument after the Italian electricity researcher Luigi Galvani, who in 1791 discovered the principle of the frog galvanoscope – that electric current would make the legs of a dead frog jerk.
Sensitive galvanometers have been essential for the development of science and technology in many fields. For example, in the 1800s they enabled long range communication through submarine cables, such as the earliest transatlantic telegraph cables, and were essential to discovering the electrical activity of the heart and brain, by their fine measurements of current.
Galvanometers also had widespread use as the visualising part in other kinds of analog meters, for example in light meters, VU meters, etc., where they were used to measure and display the output of other sensors. Today the main type of galvanometer mechanism, still in use, is the moving coil, D'Arsonval/Weston type.