Battle of the Somme | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 26/06/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Somme


00:05:02 1 Context
00:05:11 1.1 Strategic developments
00:10:14 1.1.1 Battle of Verdun
00:12:11 1.1.2 Brusilov Offensive
00:14:21 1.2 Tactical developments
00:19:09 2 Prelude
00:19:18 2.1 Anglo-French plan of attack
00:21:13 2.2 German defences on the Somme
00:23:20 3 Battles of the Somme, 1916
00:23:32 3.1 First phase: 1–17 July 1916
00:23:45 3.1.1 First day on the Somme, 1 July
00:25:43 3.1.2 Battle of Albert, 1–13 July
00:27:05 3.1.3 Battle of Bazentin Ridge, 14–17 July
00:28:34 3.1.4 Battle of Fromelles, 19–20 July
00:30:21 3.2 Second phase: July–September 1916
00:30:34 3.2.1 Battle of Delville Wood, 14 July – 15 September
00:31:51 3.2.2 Battle of Pozières, 23 July – 7 August
00:32:57 3.2.3 Battle of Guillemont, 3–6 September
00:34:35 3.2.4 Battle of Ginchy, 9 September
00:36:08 3.3 Third phase: September–November 1916
00:36:21 3.3.1 Battle of Flers–Courcelette, 15–22 September
00:37:35 3.3.2 Battle of Morval, 25–28 September
00:39:13 3.3.3 Battle of Thiepval Ridge, 26–28 September
00:41:09 3.3.4 Battle of the Transloy Ridges, 1 October – 11 November
00:42:50 3.3.5 Battle of the Ancre Heights, 1 October – 11 November
00:44:04 3.3.6 Battle of the Ancre, 13–18 November
00:45:47 4 Aftermath
00:45:57 4.1 Analysis
00:52:43 4.2 Transport
00:54:20 4.3 Casualties
01:01:57 5 Subsequent operations
01:02:08 5.1 Ancre, January–March 1917
01:04:01 5.2 Hindenburg Line
01:06:07 6 Commemoration
01:09:40 7 Historiography
01:13:06 8 See also



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SUMMARY
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The Battle of the Somme (French: Bataille de la Somme; German: Schlacht an der Somme), also known as the Somme Offensive, was a battle of the First World War fought by the armies of the British Empire and French Third Republic against the German Empire. It took place between 1 July and 18 November 1916 on both sides of the upper reaches of the River Somme in France. The battle was intended to hasten a victory for the Allies and was the largest battle of the First World War on the Western Front. More than three million men fought in the battle and one million men were wounded or killed, making it one of the bloodiest battles in human history. The Battle of the Somme was fought in the traditional style of World War I battles on the Western Front: trench warfare. The trench warfare gave the Germans an advantage because they dug their trenches deeper than the allied forces which gave them a better line of sight for warfare. The Battle of the Somme also has the distinction of being the first battle fought with tanks. However, the tanks were still in the early stages of development, and as a result, many broke down after maxing out at their top speed of 4 miles per hour (6.4 km/h).
The French and British had committed themselves to an offensive on the Somme during Allied discussions at Chantilly, Oise, in December 1915. The Allies agreed upon a strategy of combined offensives against the Central Powers in 1916, by the French, Russian, British and Italian armies, with the Somme offensive as the Franco-British contribution. Initial plans called for the French army to undertake the main part of the Somme offensive, supported on the northern flank by the Fourth Army of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). When the Imperial German Army began the Battle of Verdun on the Meuse on 21 February 1916, French commanders diverted many of the divisions intended for the Somme and the "supporting" attack by the British became the principal effort.
The first day on the Somme (1 July) saw a serious defeat for the German Second Army, which was forced out of its first position by the French Sixth Army, from Foucaucourt-en-Santerre south of the Somme to Maricourt on the north bank, and by the Fourth Army from Maricourt to the vicinity ...