Reproduction in organisms - sexual reproduction And its types | Syngamy | kinds of Syngamy | 12thBio
Channel: ARS BIOLOGICAL PARADISE
Date: 2020-06-29

Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes to form a diploid zygote, which develops into a new organism. It leads to genetic variation. The types of sexual reproduction seen in animals are syngamy ( fertilization) and conjugation. In syngamy, the fusion of two haploid gametes takes place to produce a diploid zygote. Depending upon the place where the fertilization takes place, it is of two types. In external fertilization, the fusion of male and female gametes takes place outside the body of female organisms in the water medium. e.g. sponges, fishes and amphibians. In  internal fertilization, the fusion of male and female gametes takes place within the body of female organisms. e.g. reptiles, aves and mammals.
Different kinds of syngamy (fertilization) are prevalent among living organisms. In autogamy, the male and female gametes are produced by the same cell or same organism and both the gametes fuse together to form a zygote e.g. Actinosphaerium and Paramecium. In  exogamy, the male and female gametes are produced by different parents and they fuse to form a zygote. So it is biparental. e.g. Human – dioecious or unisexual animal.
Monocystis, whereas the fusion of dissimilar gametes is called  anisogamy (Gr. An-without; iso-equal;  gam-marriage). Anisogamy occurs in higher animals but it is customary to use the term fertilization instead of anisogamy or syngamy. e.g. higher invertebrates and all vertebrates.


Video Lead : Rahiman Sheriff

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