American Federation of Labor | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-28

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Federation_of_Labor


00:01:18 1 Organizational history
00:01:28 1.1 Origins
00:06:02 1.2 Formation and early years
00:10:19 1.3 Early 20th century
00:11:59 1.3.1 National Civic Federation
00:12:55 1.3.2 Canada
00:13:24 1.3.3 Immigration restriction
00:14:43 1.4 The AFL in World War I, 1914-18
00:15:33 1.5 The 1920s
00:16:45 1.6 The New Deal years, 1933-38
00:22:01 1.7 World War II until merger, 1939-1955
00:22:45 2 Historical problems
00:22:55 2.1 Racism
00:24:25 2.2 Sexism
00:27:15 2.3 Conflicts between affiliated unions
00:30:06 3 Historical achievements
00:30:16 3.1 Organizing and coordination
00:32:11 3.2 Political action
00:37:34 4 Presidents of the American Federation of Labor
00:38:11 5 Affiliated unions and brotherhoods
00:38:46 6 State federations
00:39:01 7 See also
00:39:29 8 Footnotes
00:39:38 9 Bibliography and further reading
00:39:48 9.1 Primary sources
00:40:47 9.2 Secondary sources
00:46:14 9.3 Archives
00:47:41 10 External links



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SUMMARY
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The American Federation of Labor (AFL) was a national federation of labor unions in the United States founded in Columbus, Ohio, in December 1886 by an alliance of craft unions disaffected from the Knights of Labor, a national labor union. Samuel Gompers of the Cigar Makers' International Union was elected president at its founding convention and reelected every year, except one, until his death in 1924. The A.F. of L was the largest union grouping in the United States for the first half of the 20th century, even after the creation of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) by unions which were expelled by the AFL in 1935 over its opposition to industrial unionism. The Federation was founded and dominated by craft unions throughout its first fifty years, after which many craft union affiliates turned to organizing on an industrial union basis to meet the challenge from the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1940s.
In 1955, the AFL merged with the CIO to create the AFL-CIO, which has comprised the longest lasting and most influential labor federation in the United States to this day.