History of Hindustani | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 03/01/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Hindustani


00:01:28 1 Formation
00:07:18 2 Poetry
00:08:31 3 Timeline
00:08:41 3.1 Antiquity (Old Indo-Aryan)
00:09:42 3.2 Middle Ages
00:10:50 3.3 Islamic empires
00:13:15 3.4 Colonial period
00:16:18 3.5 Post-Partition
00:19:11 4 See also



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SUMMARY
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Hindustani (Hindi: हिंदुस्तानी Urdu: ہندوستانی‬) is one of the predominant languages of South Asia, with federal status in India and Pakistan in its standardized forms of Hindi and Urdu. It is widely spoken and understood as a second language in Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and the Persian Gulf and as such is considered a lingua franca in the Indian subcontinent. It is also one of the most widely spoken languages in the world by total number of speakers.
It developed in North India, principally during the Mughal Empire, when the Persian language exerted a strong influence on the Western Hindi languages of central India. This led to the creation of Rekhta, or "mixed" speech, which came to be known as Hindustani, Hindi, Hindavi, and Urdu (derived from Zabaan-i-Ordu meaning "language of the Horde".) This form was elevated to the status of a literary language, and after the partition of British India and independence this collection of dialects became the basis for modern standard Hindi and Urdu. Although these official languages are distinct registers with regards to their formal aspects, such as modern technical vocabulary, they continue to be all but indistinguishable in their vernacular forms.