DNA nanotechnology | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 12/01/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_nanotechnology


00:01:58 1 Fundamental concepts
00:02:08 1.1 Properties of nucleic acids
00:04:45 1.2 Subfields
00:07:30 2 Structural DNA nanotechnology
00:08:16 2.1 Extended lattices
00:11:01 2.2 Discrete structures
00:13:01 2.3 Templated assembly
00:14:45 3 Dynamic DNA nanotechnology
00:15:22 3.1 Nanomechanical devices
00:17:47 3.2 Strand displacement cascades
00:20:19 4 Applications
00:27:34 5 Design
00:28:19 5.1 Structural design
00:30:29 5.2 Sequence design
00:32:24 6 Materials and methods
00:34:00 7 History
00:39:32 8 See also



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SUMMARY
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DNA nanotechnology is the design and manufacture of artificial nucleic acid structures for technological uses. In this field, nucleic acids are used as non-biological engineering materials for nanotechnology rather than as the carriers of genetic information in living cells. Researchers in the field have created static structures such as two- and three-dimensional crystal lattices, nanotubes, polyhedra, and arbitrary shapes, and functional devices such as molecular machines and DNA computers. The field is beginning to be used as a tool to solve basic science problems in structural biology and biophysics, including applications in X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of proteins to determine structures. Potential applications in molecular scale electronics and nanomedicine are also being investigated.
The conceptual foundation for DNA nanotechnology was first laid out by Nadrian Seeman in the early 1980s, and the field began to attract widespread interest in the mid-2000s. This use of nucleic acids is enabled by their strict base pairing rules, which cause only portions of strands with complementary base sequences to bind together to form strong, rigid double helix structures. This allows for the rational design of base sequences that will selectively assemble to form complex target structures with precisely controlled  nanoscale features. Several assembly methods are used to make these structures, including tile-based structures that assemble from smaller structures, folding structures using the DNA origami method, and dynamically reconfigurable structures using strand displacement methods. The field's name specifically references DNA, but the same principles have been used with other types of nucleic acids as well, leading to the occasional use of the alternative name nucleic acid nanotechnology.