Despot (court title) | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Despot (court title)


00:01:46 1 Origin and history
00:06:06 2 Despotates
00:07:31 3 Insignia
00:09:29 4 List of known holders
00:09:38 4.1 Byzantine Empire
00:09:47 4.2 Latin Empire
00:09:56 4.3 Bulgarian Empire
00:10:05 4.4 Serbian Empire and successor states
00:10:15 5 See also
00:10:26 6 Notes and references
00:10:38 7 Sources



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SUMMARY
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Despot or despotes (Greek: δεσπότης, translit. despótēs, "lord", "master") was a senior Byzantine court title that was bestowed on the sons or sons-in-law of reigning emperors, and initially denoted the heir-apparent of the Byzantine emperor. 
From Byzantium it spread throughout the late medieval Balkans and was also granted in the states under Byzantine cultural influence, such as the Latin Empire, the Second Bulgarian Empire (Bulgarian: деспот, translit. despót), the Serbian Empire and its successor states (Serbian: деспот, translit. despót), and the Empire of Trebizond. With the political fragmentation of the period, the term gave rise to several principalities termed "despotates" which were ruled either as independent states or as appanages by princes bearing the title of despot; most notably the Despotate of Epirus, the Despotate of the Morea and the Serbian Despotate.
In modern usage, the word has taken a different meaning: "despotism" is a form of government in which a single entity rules with absolute power. The semantic shift undergone by the term is mirrored by "tyrant", an ancient Greek word that originally bore no negative connotation, and the Latin "dictator", a constitutionally sanctioned office of the Roman Republic. In colloquial Modern Greek, the word is often used to refer to a bishop. In English, the feminine form of the title is despotess or despotissa (from Greek: δεσπότισσα, translit. despótissa; Bulgarian: деспотица, translit. despotítsa; Serbian: деспотица/despotica), which denoted the spouse of a despot, but the transliterated traditional female equivalent of despotes, despoina (δέσποινα, déspoina, "lady of the house"), is also commonly used.