Charles I of Anjou
Channel: 宇宙のすべての知識 プリンシピア
Date: 2019-03-12

Charles I of Anjou, by Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39833 / CC BY SA 3.0

#1227_births
#1285_deaths
#Albanian_monarchs
#Capetian_House_of_Anjou
#Characters_in_The_Decameron
#Charles_I_of_Naples
#Counts_of_Anjou
#Counts_of_Maine
#Burials_at_the_Basilica_of_St_Denis
#Counts_of_Provence
Charles I of Anjou

Charles I (early 1226/12277 January 1285), commonly called Charles of Anjou, was a member of the royal Capetian dynasty and the founder of the second House of Anjou. He was Count of Provence (1246–85) and Forcalquier (1246–48, 1256–85) in the Holy Roman Empire, Count of Anjou and Maine (1246–85) in France; he was also King of Sicily (1266–85) and Prince of Achaea (1278–85). In 1272, he was proclaimed King of Albania; and in 1277 he purchased a claim to the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

Being the youngest son of Louis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile, he was destined for a Church career until the early 1240s. He acquired Provence and Forcalquier through his marriage to their heiress, Beatrice. His attempts to secure comital rights brought him into conflict with his mother-in-law and the nobility. He received Anjou and Maine from his brother, Louis IX of France, in appanage. He accompanied Louis during the Seventh Crusade to Egypt. Shortly after he returned to Provence in 1250, Charles forced three wealthy free imperial citiesMarseilles, Arles and Avignonto acknowledge his suzerainty.

Charles supported Margaret II, Countess of Flanders and Hainaut against her eldest son in exchange for Hainaut in 1253. Two years later Louis IX persuaded him to renounce the county, but compensated him by instructing Margaret to pay him 160,000 marks. Charles forced the rebellious Provençal nobles and towns into submission and expanded his suzerainty over a dozen towns and lordships in the Kingdom of Arles. In 1263, after years of negotiations, he accepted the offer of the Holy See to seize the Kingdom of Sicily from the Hohenstaufens. This kingdom included, in addition t...