Battle of Chancellorsville | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-05

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Battle of Chancellorsville


00:03:23 1 Background
00:03:32 1.1 Military situation
00:03:41 1.2 Union attempts against Richmond
00:05:01 1.3 Shakeup in the Army of the Potomac
00:08:13 1.4 Intelligence and plans
00:13:20 1.5 Initial movements
00:13:29 1.5.1 April 27–30: Movement to battle
00:16:37 2 Opposing forces
00:16:47 2.1 Union
00:18:40 2.2 Confederate
00:21:13 3 Battle
00:21:22 3.1 May 1: Hooker passes on opportunity
00:27:01 3.2 May 2: Jackson's flank attack
00:43:42 3.3 May 3: Chancellorsville
00:49:13 3.4 May 3: Fredericksburg and Salem Church
00:53:17 3.5 May 4–6: Union withdrawals
00:56:29 4 Aftermath
00:56:37 4.1 Casualties
00:58:21 4.2 Assessment of Hooker
01:01:08 4.3 Union reaction
01:02:40 4.4 Confederate reaction
01:03:30 5 Additional battle maps
01:03:39 5.1 Gallery: Chancellorsville Campaign (Tactical maps)
01:03:50 6 Battlefield preservation
01:06:19 7 In popular media
01:07:00 8 See also



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SUMMARY
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The Battle of Chancellorsville was a major battle of the American Civil War (1861–1865), and the principal engagement of the Chancellorsville Campaign. It was fought from April 30 to May 6, 1863, in Spotsylvania County, Virginia, near the village of Chancellorsville. Two related battles were fought nearby on May 3 in the vicinity of Fredericksburg. The campaign pitted Union Army Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker's Army of the Potomac against an army less than half its size, General Robert E. Lee's Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. Chancellorsville is known as Lee's "perfect battle" because his risky decision to divide his army in the presence of a much larger enemy force resulted in a significant Confederate victory. The victory, a product of Lee's audacity and Hooker's timid decision making, was tempered by heavy casualties, including Lt. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson. Jackson was hit by friendly fire, requiring his left arm to be amputated; he died of pneumonia eight days later, a loss that Lee likened to losing his right arm. Lee's difficulty in replacing his lost men as well as his inability to prevent the Union Withdrawal effectively have led to his great victory being regarded as a Pyrrhic one.The Chancellorsville Campaign began with the crossing of the Rappahannock River by the Union army on the morning of April 27, 1863. Union cavalry under Maj. Gen. George Stoneman began a long distance raid against Lee's supply lines at about the same time. This operation was completely ineffectual. Crossing the Rapidan River via Germanna and Ely's Fords, the Federal infantry concentrated near Chancellorsville on April 30. Combined with the Union force facing Fredericksburg, Hooker planned a double envelopment, attacking Lee from both his front and rear.
On May 1, Hooker advanced from Chancellorsville toward Lee, but the Confederate general split his army in the face of superior numbers, leaving a small force at Fredericksburg to deter Maj. Gen. John Sedgwick from advancing, while he attacked Hooker's advance with about four-fifths of his army. Despite the objections of his subordinates, Hooker withdrew his men to the defensive lines around Chancellorsville, ceding the initiative to Lee. On May 2, Lee divided his army again, sending Stonewall Jackson's entire corps on a flanking march that routed the Union XI Corps. While performing a personal reconnaissance in advance of his line, Jackson was wounded by fire after dark from his own men close between the lines, and cavalry commander Maj. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart temporarily replaced him as corps commander.
The fiercest fighting of the battle—and the second bloodiest day of the Civil War—occurred on May 3 as Lee launched multiple attacks against the Union position at Chancellorsville, resulting in heavy losses on both sides. That same day, Sedgwick advanced across the Rappahannock River, defeated the small Confederate force at Marye's Heights in the Second Battle of Fredericksburg, and then moved to the west. The Confeder ...