Strain (materials science) | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 27/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deformation_(mechanics)


00:01:58 1 Strain
00:04:33 1.1 Strain measures
00:06:33 1.1.1 Engineering strain
00:08:13 1.1.2 Stretch ratio
00:09:42 1.1.3 True strain
00:11:37 1.1.4 Green strain
00:12:30 1.1.5 Almansi strain
00:13:26 1.2 Normal and shear strain
00:13:51 1.2.1 Normal strain
00:18:11 1.2.2 Shear strain
00:26:17 1.3 Metric tensor
00:26:59 2 Description of deformation
00:29:23 2.1 Affine deformation
00:33:06 2.2 Rigid body motion
00:33:20 3 Displacement
00:37:13 3.1 Displacement gradient tensor
00:38:25 4 Examples of deformations
00:46:48 4.1 Plane deformation
00:47:24 4.1.1 Isochoric plane deformation
00:48:01 4.1.2 Simple shear
00:51:02 5 See also
00:51:59 6 References
00:52:28 7 Further reading
00:56:31 See also



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SUMMARY
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Deformation in continuum mechanics is the transformation of a body from a reference configuration to a current configuration.  A configuration is a set containing the positions of all particles of the body.
A  deformation may be caused by external loads, body forces (such as gravity or electromagnetic forces), or changes in temperature, moisture content, or chemical reactions, etc.
Strain is a description of deformation in terms of relative displacement of particles in the body that excludes rigid-body motions.  Different equivalent choices may be made for the expression of a strain field depending on whether it is defined with respect to the initial or the final configuration of the body and on whether the metric tensor or its dual is considered.
In a continuous body, a deformation field results from a stress field induced by applied forces or is due to changes in the temperature field inside the body. The relation between stresses and induced strains is expressed by constitutive equations, e.g., Hooke's law for linear elastic materials. Deformations which are recovered after the stress field has been removed are called elastic deformations. In this case, the continuum completely recovers its original configuration. On the other hand, irreversible deformations remain even after stresses have been removed. One type of irreversible deformation is plastic deformation, which occurs in material bodies after stresses have attained a certain threshold value known as the elastic limit or yield stress, and are the result of slip, or dislocation mechanisms at the atomic level. Another type of irreversible deformation is viscous deformation, which is the irreversible part of viscoelastic deformation.
In the case of elastic deformations, the response function linking strain to the deforming stress is the compliance tensor of the material.