English Electric Lightning | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 03/01/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Electric_Lightning


00:02:11 1 Development
00:02:20 1.1 Origins
00:10:38 1.2 Production
00:15:33 1.3 Export and further developments
00:19:35 2 Design
00:19:43 2.1 Overview
00:25:26 2.2 Avionics and systems
00:29:57 2.3 Climb Performance
00:35:31 2.4 Aircraft Performance
00:40:33 2.5 Handling characteristics
00:40:52 3 Operational history
00:41:02 3.1 Royal Air Force
00:49:16 3.2 Saudi Arabia and Kuwait
00:54:45 4 Variants
01:00:16 5 Operators
01:00:25 5.1 Military operators
01:05:23 5.2 Civil operators
01:07:13 6 Surviving aircraft
01:07:23 6.1 Cyprus
01:07:39 6.2 France
01:07:54 6.3 Germany
01:08:18 6.4 Kuwait
01:08:46 6.5 Netherlands
01:09:01 6.6 Saudi Arabia
01:10:50 6.7 South Africa
01:11:25 6.8 United Kingdom
01:17:18 6.9 United States
01:17:45 7 Specifications (Lightning F.6)
01:20:41 8 Notable appearances
01:21:32 9 See also



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SUMMARY
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The English Electric Lightning is a fighter aircraft that served as an interceptor during the 1960s and 1970s. It remains the only UK-designed and -built fighter capable of Mach 2.  The Lightning was designed, developed, and manufactured by English Electric, which was subsequently absorbed by the newly-formed British Aircraft Corporation. Later the type was marketed as the BAC Lightning.  It was operated by the Royal Air Force (RAF), the Kuwait Air Force (KAF) and the Royal Saudi Air Force (RSAF).
A unique feature of the Lightning's design is the vertical, staggered configuration of its two Rolls-Royce Avon turbojet engines within the fuselage. The Lightning was initially designed and developed as an interceptor to defend the V bomber airfields from attack by anticipated future nuclear-armed supersonic Soviet bombers such as what emerged as the Tupolev Tu-22, but it was subsequently also required to intercept other bomber aircraft such as the Tupolev Tu-16 and the Tupolev Tu-95. The Lightning has exceptional rate of climb, ceiling, and speed; pilots have described flying it as "being saddled to a skyrocket". This performance and the initially limited fuel supply made the Lightning a "fuel-critical" aircraft, meaning that its missions are dictated to a high degree by its limited range. Later developments provided greater range and speed along with aerial reconnaissance and ground-attack capability.
Following retirement by the RAF in the late 1980s, many of the remaining aircraft became museum exhibits. Until 2009, three Lightnings were kept flying at "Thunder City" in Cape Town, South Africa. In September 2008, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers conferred on the Lightning its "Engineering Heritage Award" at a ceremony at BAE Systems' site at Warton Aerodrome.