Slavery | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-14

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Slavery


00:01:40 1 Terminology
00:02:51 2 Types
00:03:00 2.1 Chattel slavery
00:03:41 2.2 Bonded labour
00:04:16 2.3 Forced labour
00:06:08 2.4 Forced marriage
00:06:49 2.5 Dependents
00:07:11 3 Characteristics
00:07:20 3.1 Economics
00:12:45 3.2 Identification
00:14:16 4 Early history
00:15:41 5 Classical antiquity
00:15:50 5.1 Africa
00:15:58 5.2 Asia
00:16:07 5.3 Europe
00:16:15 5.3.1 Ancient Greece
00:18:29 6 Middle Ages
00:18:38 6.1 Africa
00:19:17 6.2 Arab slave trade
00:19:54 6.3 Americas
00:20:03 6.3.1 Mexico
00:20:24 6.4 Asia
00:20:32 6.4.1 China
00:21:08 6.4.2 Korea
00:22:28 6.5 Europe
00:23:59 6.5.1 England
00:24:52 6.5.2 Ottoman Empire
00:25:57 6.5.3 Poland
00:26:15 6.5.4 Portugal
00:27:11 6.5.5 Russia
00:28:00 6.5.6 Scandinavia
00:28:13 6.5.7 Spain
00:29:06 7 Modern history
00:29:15 7.1 Africa
00:38:36 7.2 Americas
00:41:18 7.2.1 Barbados
00:43:34 7.2.2 Brazil
00:46:06 7.2.3 Cuba
00:50:17 7.2.4 Haiti
00:53:51 7.2.5 Jamaica
00:54:39 7.2.6 Mexico
00:55:19 7.2.7 Puerto Rico
00:59:24 7.2.8 Suriname
01:01:57 7.2.9 United States
01:07:31 7.3 Asia
01:07:45 7.3.1 China
01:10:15 7.3.2 India
01:13:25 7.3.3 Indochina
01:14:10 7.3.4 Japan
01:17:00 7.3.5 Korea
01:18:45 7.4 Nazi Germany
01:19:18 7.5 Ottoman Empire and Black Sea
01:21:11 8 Contemporary slavery
01:23:20 8.1 Distribution
01:25:05 8.2 Economics
01:25:35 8.3 Trafficking
01:27:20 9 Abolitionism
01:35:00 10 Apologies
01:39:28 10.1 Reparations
01:40:29 11 Other uses of the term
01:40:47 11.1 Examples
01:41:54 11.1.1 Wage slavery
01:42:25 12 In films



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SUMMARY
=======
Slavery is any system in which principles of property law are applied to people, allowing individuals to own, buy and sell other individuals, as a de jure form of property. A slave is unable to withdraw unilaterally from such an arrangement and works without remuneration. Many scholars now use the term chattel slavery to refer to this specific sense of legalised, de jure slavery. In a broader sense, however, the word slavery may also refer to any situation in which an individual is de facto forced to work against their own will. Scholars also use the more generic terms such as unfree labour or forced labour to refer to such situations.  However, and especially under slavery in broader senses of the word, slaves may have some rights and protections according to laws or customs.
Slavery began to exist before written history, in many cultures. A person could become enslaved from the time of their birth, capture, or purchase.
Historically, slavery has been legalized institutionally in most societies at some point, but is now outlawed in all recognized countries. The last country to officially abolish slavery was Mauritania in 2007. Nevertheless, there are an estimated 40.3 million people worldwide subject to some form of modern slavery. The most common form of modern slave trade is commonly referred to as human trafficking. In other areas, slavery (or unfree labour) continues through practices such as debt bondage, the most widespread form of slavery today, serfdom, domestic servants kept in captivity, certain adoptions in which children are forced to work as slaves, child soldiers, and forced marriage.