07 - Use model.findById() to Search Database By _id - MongoDB and Mongoose - freeCodeCamp Tutorial
Channel: Ganesh H
Date: 12/07/2020

MongoDB assigns each document a unique id on creation. We can call the findById() method on a model, with an id to pick out any document with that id as an object.

Link to challenge : https://www.freecodecamp.org/learn/apis-and-microservices/mongodb-and-mongoose/use-model-findbyid-to-search-your-database-by-id
Written Guide : https://www.notion.so/ganeshh123/Use-model-findById-to-Search-Your-Database-By-_id-8e5fe2ccff08471ea7228e201c9be602

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Concepts:
findById()
Finds a single document by its _id field. findById(id) is almost* equivalent to findOne({ _id: id }). If you want to query by a document's _id, use findById() instead of findOne().
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api.html#model_Model.findById

Model
Models are fancy constructors compiled from Schema definitions. An instance of a model is called a document. Models are responsible for creating and reading documents from the underlying MongoDB database.
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/models.html

mongoose.model()
When you call mongoose.model() on a schema, Mongoose compiles a model for you. The first argument is the singular name of the collection your model is for. Mongoose automatically looks for the plural, lowercased version of your model name. 
https://mongoosejs.com/docs/models.html#compiling 

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MongoDB is a cross-platform document-oriented database program. Classified as a NoSQL database program, MongoDB uses JSON-like documents with optional schemas. MongoDB is developed by MongoDB Inc. and licensed under the Server Side Public License (SSPL).

Mongoose is an Object Data Modeling (ODM) library for MongoDB and Node.js. It manages relationships between data, provides schema validation, and is used to translate between objects in code and the representation of those objects in MongoDB.

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