Cognitive neuroscience | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-25

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_neuroscience


00:02:06 1 Historical origins
00:03:27 1.1 Origins in philosophy
00:04:49 1.2 19th century
00:04:58 1.2.1 Phrenology
00:06:00 1.2.2 Localizationist view
00:06:49 1.2.3 Aggregate field view
00:07:35 1.2.4 Emergence of neuropsychology
00:08:42 1.2.5 Mapping the brain
00:09:28 1.3 20th century
00:09:37 1.3.1 Cognitive revolution
00:10:23 1.3.2 Neuron doctrine
00:11:12 1.4 Mid-late 20th century
00:12:15 1.4.1 Brain mapping
00:13:10 2 Emergence of a new discipline
00:13:20 2.1 Birth of cognitive science
00:14:14 2.2 Combining neuroscience and cognitive science
00:16:52 3 Major contributors to the field
00:17:03 3.1 Hubel and Wiesel – 1960s
00:17:54 4 Recent trends
00:18:40 5 Topics
00:19:06 6 Methods



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SUMMARY
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The term cognitive neuroscience was coined by George Armitage Miller and Michael Gazzaniga in year 1976. Cognitive neuroscience is the scientific field that is concerned with the study of the biological processes and aspects that underlie cognition, with a specific focus on the neural connections in the brain which are involved in mental processes. It addresses the questions of how cognitive activities are affected or controlled by neural circuits in the brain.  Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both neuroscience and psychology, overlapping with disciplines such as behavioral neuroscience, cognitive psychology, physiological psychology and affective neuroscience. Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in cognitive science coupled with evidence from neurobiology, and computational modeling.Parts of the brain play an important role in this field. Neurons play the most vital role, since the main point is to establish an understanding of cognition from a neural perspective, along with the different lobes of the cerebral cortex.
Methods employed in cognitive neuroscience include experimental procedures from psychophysics and cognitive psychology, functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, cognitive genomics, and behavioral genetics.
Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to brain lesions constitute an important aspect of cognitive neuroscience. The damages in lesioned brains provide a comparable basis with regards to healthy and fully functioning brains. 
These damages change the neural circuits in the brain and cause it to malfunction during basic cognitive processes, such as memory or learning. With the damage, we can compare how the healthy neural circuits are functioning, and possibly draw conclusions about the basis of the affected cognitive processes.
Also, cognitive abilities based on brain development are studied and examined under the subfield of developmental cognitive neuroscience. This shows brain development over time, analyzing differences and concocting possible reasons for those differences.
Theoretical approaches include computational neuroscience and cognitive psychology.