Indian cultural influences in early Philippine polities | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-11-07

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Indian cultural influences in early Philippine polities

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SUMMARY
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The exact scope, sequence, and mechanism of Indian cultural influences in early Philippine polities are the subject of much debate among scholars of Philippine and Southeast Asian history and historiography. The most updated scholarship notes that there is no evidence of direct political or economic interaction between India and the various polities of the Philippine archipelago prior to the Philippines' European colonial era.  Scholars such as Osbourne and Jocano instead suggest that "indirect cultural influence"  mostly arrived through these early Philippine polities' relations with the Srivijaya and Majapahit empires. during the 10th through the early 14th centuries.  This updates the theories of earlier scholars, who posited that Indian elements in Philippine culture suggested relations between the two societies as early as the 2nd and 3rd centuries BCE. This also places the Philippines and the northern part of Vietnam outside the pattern of "Indianization" which took place elsewhere in Southeast Asia.  Some contemporary scholars note, however, that the Philippines was still within the scope of Indian cultural influence, although only indirectly through the influence of polities elsewhere in Southeast Asia.