Empiricism | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-08

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empiricism


00:01:32 1 Etymology
00:01:57 2 History
00:02:06 2.1 Background
00:03:44 2.2 Early empiricism
00:10:00 2.3 Renaissance Italy
00:12:54 2.4 British empiricism
00:22:19 2.5 Phenomenalism
00:29:08 2.6 Logical empiricism
00:33:05 2.7 Pragmatism
00:40:44 3 See also



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"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates


SUMMARY
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In philosophy, empiricism is a theory that states that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience.  It is one of several views of  epistemology, the study of human knowledge, along with rationalism and skepticism. Empiricism emphasises the role of empirical evidence in the formation of ideas, over the idea of innate ideas or traditions. However, empiricists may argue that traditions (or customs) arise due to relations of previous sense experiences.Empiricism in the philosophy of science emphasises evidence, especially as discovered in experiments. It is a fundamental part of the scientific method that all hypotheses and theories must be tested against observations of the natural world rather than resting solely on a priori reasoning, intuition, or revelation.
Empiricism, often used by natural scientists, says that "knowledge is based on experience" and that "knowledge is tentative and probabilistic, subject to continued revision and falsification". Empirical research, including experiments and validated measurement tools, guides the scientific method.