Gastroenteritis | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-27

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroenteritis


00:02:10 1 Signs and symptoms
00:04:09 2 Cause
00:04:54 2.1 Viral
00:05:59 2.2 Bacterial
00:07:52 2.3 Parasitic
00:08:34 2.4 Transmission
00:09:32 2.5 Non-infectious
00:10:44 3 Pathophysiology
00:11:18 4 Diagnosis
00:12:13 4.1 Dehydration
00:13:07 4.2 Differential diagnosis
00:14:19 5 Prevention
00:14:28 5.1 Lifestyle
00:15:14 5.2 Vaccination
00:16:18 6 Management
00:16:53 6.1 Rehydration
00:17:54 6.2 Dietary
00:18:58 6.3 Antiemetics
00:19:43 6.4 Antibiotics
00:20:45 6.5 Antimotility agents
00:21:33 7 Epidemiology
00:23:13 8 History
00:23:54 9 Society and culture
00:24:48 10 Research
00:25:12 11 Other animals



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SUMMARY
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Gastroenteritis, also known as infectious diarrhea, is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract—the stomach and small intestine. Symptoms may include diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Fever, lack of energy, and dehydration may also occur. This typically lasts less than two weeks. It is not related to influenza though it has been called the "stomach flu".Gastroenteritis is usually caused by viruses. However, bacteria, parasites, and fungus can also cause gastroenteritis. In children, rotavirus is the most common cause of severe disease. In adults, norovirus and Campylobacter are common causes. Eating improperly prepared food, drinking contaminated water, or close contact with a person who is infected can spread the disease. Treatment is generally the same with or without a definitive diagnosis, so testing to confirm is usually not needed.Prevention includes hand washing with soap, drinking clean water, proper disposal of human waste, and breastfeeding babies instead of using formula. The rotavirus vaccine is recommended as a prevention for children. Treatment involves getting enough fluids. For mild or moderate cases, this can typically be achieved by drinking oral rehydration solution (a combination of water, salts, and sugar). In those who are breast fed, continued breastfeeding is recommended. For more severe cases, intravenous fluids may be needed. Fluids may also be given by a nasogastric tube. Zinc supplementation is recommended in children. Antibiotics are generally not needed. However, antibiotics are recommended for young children with a fever and bloody diarrhea.In 2015 two billion cases of gastroenteritis resulted in 1.3 million deaths globally. Children and those in the developing world are affected the most. In 2011, about 1.7 billion cases resulting in about 700,000 deaths of children under the age of five. In the developing world children less than two years of age frequently get six or more infections a year. It is less common in adults, partly due to the development of immunity.