What is Gynecomastia | Male BooBs Gyno | Male Breast Reduction Surgery, Symptoms, Treatment in Hindi
Channel: 24x7Health
Date: 13/08/2020

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Gynecomastia is benign enlargement of the male breast caused by proliferation of glandular breast tissue.  
Gynecomastia results from an imbalance between the stimulatory effect of estrogen on ductal proliferation and the inhibitory effect of androgen on breast development. 
 The imbalance is most commonly caused by increased production of estrogens, decreased production of testosterone, or increased conversion of androgens to estrogens in peripheral tissue. 
 Disorders of sex hormone–binding globulin or with androgen receptor binding and function can also result in gynecomastia.
Investigations:
Serum testosterone. 
Serum estradiol.
Serum LH and FSH. 
Prolactin. 
 SHBG.  
 hCG. 
Liver function tests.
The underlying disease should be corrected if possible, and offending drugs should be discontinued. 
 ER antagonists (tamoxifen, 10 to 20 mg daily, or raloxifene, 60 mg daily) are effective in treating pubertal and adult gynecomastia and preventing gynecomastia induced by androgen deprivation therapy. 
Other drugs can be used, such as Clomifene (50–100mg/day), Danazol (300– 600mg/day), Testolactone (450mg/day), Anastrozole (1mg/day). 
 Medical therapy is ineffective for chronic, fibrous gynecomastia. 
Surgery:  With long-standing gynecomastia (more than 1 year) surgical reduction mammoplasty (i.e. removal of breast tissue with or without periareolar adipose tissue) is necessary if breast enlargement is severe, painful, socially embarrassing or disfiguring