Environment, Nature, Nurture: The site of St. Wulstan’s Hospital, Malvern Wells, Worcestershire
Channel: Recording Archaeology
Date: 2019-04-05

In this paper, we discuss the important role of the senses in creating a healing environment. Using a case study of the gardens at the former psychiatric hospital at St Wulstan’s, we discuss how elements of the preceding landscape were used, with traditional horticulture techniques, to create gardens, orchards, and vegetable plots that would provide an interesting and vibrant setting for both staff and patients. The gardens also played a role in training patients for work, and providing food for the hospital and an income from sales of fruit and vegetables to the local community. The hospital began life as a US army hospital in 1943 and eventually became a long stay psychiatric hospital from 1961-1986. Under its Medical Superintendent, Dr Roger Morgan, it was an internationally recognised pioneer in rehabilitation and training and the return of patients to society. It had an average discharge rate of 50% whereas many hospitals could only manage around 5% (Ward 2009). After closure the site was split and part was used for a housing development whilst the majority was converted into a nature reserve. Whilst no hospital buildings remain, ornamental trees, shrubs, and avenues still exist, and allow a reconstruction of the grounds which contributes to an understanding of this therapeutic landscape. 

Full title: Environment, Nature, Nurture: The site of St. Wulstan’s Hospital, Malvern Wells, Worcestershire, 1943-present

Andrew Hoaen (University of Worcester) and Bob Ruffle (University of Worcester)