Newcastle upon Tyne | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 07/12/2018

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Newcastle upon Tyne


00:01:52 1 History
00:02:01 1.1 Roman
00:03:08 1.2 Anglo-Saxon and Norman
00:04:08 1.3 Middle Ages
00:04:57 1.4 16th to 19th centuries
00:09:13 1.5 20th and 21st centuries
00:13:27 2 Geography
00:18:39 2.1 Quayside and bridges on the Tyne
00:20:02 2.2 Grainger Town
00:22:24 2.3 Climate
00:23:33 2.4 Green belt
00:24:29 3 Economy
00:25:33 3.1 Retail
00:27:56 3.2 Dwelling types
00:29:21 4 Demography
00:29:30 4.1 Population
00:31:54 4.2 Ethnicity
00:33:23 4.3 Dialect
00:35:49 4.4 Health
00:38:48 5 Culture
00:38:57 5.1 Nightlife
00:40:41 5.2 Theatre
00:42:16 5.3 Literature and libraries
00:43:32 5.4 Festivals and fairs
00:46:19 5.5 Music
00:48:58 5.6 Concert venues
00:51:08 5.7 Cinema
00:52:07 5.8 Museums and galleries
00:53:00 5.9 In film
00:54:27 6 Sport
00:57:42 7 Government
00:58:21 8 Transport
00:58:30 8.1 Airport
00:59:10 8.2 Rail
01:00:50 8.3 Metro
01:03:01 8.4 Road
01:04:13 8.5 Bus
01:05:38 8.6 Cycle
01:07:44 8.7 Water
01:08:26 9 Education
01:09:39 9.1 Tertiary
01:10:48 10 Religious sites
01:12:54 11 Media
01:15:17 12 Notable people
01:18:07 13 International relations
01:18:16 13.1 Twin towns – Sister cities
01:18:29 13.2 Other friendship agreements
01:18:58 13.3 Foreign consulates
01:19:19 14 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Newcastle upon Tyne (locally  (listen)), commonly known as Newcastle, is a city in Tyne and Wear, North East England, 103 miles (166 km) south of Edinburgh and 277 miles (446 km) north of London on the northern bank of the River Tyne, 8.5 mi (13.7 km) from the North Sea. Newcastle is the most populous city in the North East, and forms the core of the Tyneside conurbation, the eighth most populous urban area in the United Kingdom. Newcastle is a member of the English Core Cities Group and is a member of the Eurocities network of European cities.Newcastle was part of the county of Northumberland until 1400, when it became a county of itself, a status it retained until becoming part of Tyne and Wear in 1974. The regional nickname and dialect for people from Newcastle and the surrounding area is Geordie. Newcastle also houses Newcastle University, a member of the Russell Group, as well as Northumbria University.
The city developed around the Roman settlement Pons Aelius and was named after the castle built in 1080 by Robert Curthose, William the Conqueror's eldest son. The city grew as an important centre for the wool trade in the 14th century, and later became a major coal mining area. The port developed in the 16th century and, along with the shipyards lower down the River Tyne, was amongst the world's largest shipbuilding and ship-repairing centres. 
Newcastle's economy includes corporate headquarters, learning, digital technology, retail, tourism and cultural centres, from which the city contributes £13 billion towards the United Kingdom's GVA. Among its icons are Newcastle United football club and the Tyne Bridge. Since 1981 the city has hosted the Great North Run, a half marathon which attracts over 57,000 runners each year.