World Englishes | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 09/06/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Englishes


00:01:47 1 World English vs. World Englishes vs. Global Englishes
00:02:40 2 Historical context
00:02:50 2.1 History of English
00:05:41 2.2 Global spread of English
00:05:50 2.2.1 First dispersal: English is transported to the 'new world'
00:06:51 2.2.2 Second dispersal: English is transported to Asia and Africa
00:10:01 3 Classification of Englishes
00:11:00 3.1 Kachru's Three Circles of English
00:14:36 3.2 Schneider's Dynamic Model of Postcolonial Englishes
00:17:57 3.3 Other models of classification
00:18:07 3.3.1 Strevens's world map of English
00:18:36 3.3.2 McArthur's circle of World English
00:19:44 3.3.3 Görlach's circle model of English
00:20:18 3.3.4 Modiano's model of English
00:21:06 4 Variations and varieties
00:23:12 5 The future of World Englishes
00:23:41 5.1 English as the language of 'others'
00:25:11 5.2 A different world language



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SUMMARY
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World Englishes is a term for emerging localized or indigenized varieties of English, especially varieties that have developed in territories influenced by the United Kingdom or the United States. The study of World Englishes consists of identifying varieties of English used in diverse sociolinguistic contexts globally and analyzing how sociolinguistic histories, multicultural backgrounds and contexts of function influence the use of English in different regions of the world.
The issue of World Englishes was first raised in 1978 to examine concepts of regional Englishes globally. Pragmatic factors such as appropriateness, comprehensibility and interpretability justified the use of English as an international and intra-national language. In 1988, at a Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) conference in Honolulu, Hawaii, the International Committee of the Study of World Englishes (ICWE) was formed. In 1992, the ICWE formally launched the International Association for World Englishes (IAWE) at a conference of "World Englishes Today", at the University of Illinois, USA. There is now an academic journal devoted to the study of this topic, titled World Englishes.Currently, there are approximately 75 territories where English is spoken either as a first language (L1) or as an unofficial or institutionalized second language (L2) in fields such as government, law and education. It is difficult to establish the total number of Englishes in the world, as new varieties of English are constantly being developed and discovered.