Globalization and disease | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-10

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalization_and_disease


00:01:55 1 Travel patterns and globalization
00:05:52 1.1 Effects of globalization on disease in the modern world
00:08:23 2 Specific diseases
00:08:33 2.1 Plague
00:11:25 2.2 Measles
00:13:25 2.3 Typhus
00:15:05 2.4 Syphilis
00:16:09 2.5 Smallpox
00:18:56 2.6 Leprosy
00:20:34 2.7 Malaria
00:23:45 2.8 Tuberculosis
00:27:01 2.9 HIV/AIDS
00:29:14 2.10 Ebola
00:30:38 2.11 Leptospirosis
00:32:17 3 Non-communicable disease



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SUMMARY
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Globalization, the flow of information, goods, capital, and people across political and geographic boundaries, allows infectious diseases to rapidly spread around the world, while also allowing the alleviation of factors such as hunger and poverty, which are key determinants of global health. The spread of diseases across wide geographic scales has increased through history.  Early diseases that spread from Asia to Europe were bubonic plague, influenza of various types, and similar infectious diseases.
In the current era of globalization, the world is more interdependent than at any other time.  Efficient and inexpensive transportation has left few places inaccessible, and increased global trade in agricultural products has brought more and more people into contact with animal diseases that have subsequently jumped species barriers (see zoonosis).Globalization intensified during the Age of Exploration, but trading routes had long been established between Asia and Europe, along which diseases were also transmitted.  An increase in travel has helped spread diseases to natives of lands who had not previously been exposed.  When a native population is infected with a new disease, where they have not developed antibodies through generations of previous exposure, the new disease tends to run rampant within the population.
Etiology, the modern branch of science that deals with the causes of infectious disease, recognizes five major modes of disease transmission: airborne, waterborne, bloodborne, by direct contact, and through vector (insects or other creatures that carry germs from one species to another). As humans began traveling over seas and across lands which were previously isolated, research suggests that diseases have been spread by all five transmission modes.