Punk subculture | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-06

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Punk subculture


00:01:30 1 History
00:02:56 2 Music
00:06:05 3 Ideologies
00:07:39 4 Fashion
00:11:30 5 Gender and gender expression
00:13:33 5.1 Body and appearance
00:16:20 5.2 Riot grrrl
00:17:01 6 Visual art
00:18:41 7 Dance
00:19:59 8 Literature
00:22:16 9 Film
00:23:21 10 Perspectives on drugs and alcohol
00:23:32 10.1 Inhalable solvents
00:24:25 10.2 Straight edge
00:26:33 11 Lifestyle and community
00:28:20 11.1 Authenticity
00:30:19 12 Interactions with other subcultures
00:34:54 13 Global perspectives
00:35:15 13.1 Mexico
00:37:13 13.2 Russia and the Soviet Union
00:38:37 13.3 South Africa
00:41:05 13.4 Peru
00:42:46 13.5 Brazil
00:44:37 13.6 Indonesia
00:44:58 13.7 Canada



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SUMMARY
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Punk subculture includes a diverse array of ideologies, fashion, and other forms of expression, visual art, dance, literature and film. It is largely characterised by anti-establishment views and the promotion of individual freedom, and is centred on a loud, aggressive genre of rock music called punk rock. Its adherents are referred to as "punks", also spelled “punx” in the modern day.
Punk politics cover the entire political spectrum. Common punk ethos includes non-conformity, anti-authoritarianism, anti-corporatism, a do-it-yourself ethic, anti-consumerist, anti-conservative, anti-corporate greed, direct action and not "selling out".
There is a wide range of punk fashion, including deliberately offensive T-shirts, leather jackets, Dr. Martens boots, etc., hairstyles such as brightly coloured hair and spiked mohawks, etc., cosmetics, tattoos, jewellery and body modification. Women in the hardcore scene typically wore masculine clothing.An important aspect of punk was creating explicitly outward identities of sexuality. Everything that was normally supposed to be hidden was brought to the front.
Punk aesthetics determine the type of art punks enjoy, which typically has underground, minimalist, iconoclastic and satirical sensibilities. Punk has generated a considerable amount of poetry and prose, and has its own underground press in the form of zines. Many punk-themed films and videos have been made.