Presidency of John Tyler | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Presidency of John Tyler


00:02:57 1 Accession
00:07:14 2 Administration
00:10:46 3 Judicial appointments
00:12:14 4 Economic policy and party conflicts
00:12:25 4.1 Whig policies
00:13:36 4.2 National bank
00:17:23 4.3 Tariff and distribution debate
00:18:50 4.4 Impeachment proceedings
00:20:46 4.5 1842 mid-term elections
00:21:46 5 Foreign and military affairs
00:21:56 5.1 Relations with Britain
00:22:05 5.1.1 Webster–Ashburton Treaty
00:24:26 5.1.2 Oregon
00:26:07 5.2 Pacific
00:27:28 5.3 Dorr Rebellion
00:29:08 5.4 Other issues
00:30:29 6 Annexation of Texas and abortive 1844 candidacy
00:30:41 6.1 Background
00:33:25 6.2 Negotiations under Upshur
00:36:23 6.3 USS iPrinceton/i disaster
00:37:31 6.4 Appointment of Calhoun
00:39:19 6.5 1844 candidacy
00:41:43 6.6 Ongoing debates and the 1844 election
00:44:16 6.7 Annexation achieved
00:45:53 7 Personal life
00:46:44 8 Historical reputation



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SUMMARY
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The presidency of John Tyler began on April 4, 1841, when John Tyler became President of the United States upon the death of President William Henry Harrison, and ended on March 4, 1845. He had been Vice President of the United States for only 31 days when he assumed the presidency. The tenth United States president, he was the first to succeed to the office intra-term without being elected to it. To forestall constitutional uncertainty, Tyler took the presidential oath of office on April 6, moved into the White House, and assumed full presidential powers, a precedent that would govern future extraordinary successions and eventually become codified in the Twenty-fifth Amendment.
Although nominated for the vice presidency on the Whig Party ticket, Tyler differed from his party on several issues. A strict constructionist, Tyler found much of the Whig platform unconstitutional, and he vetoed several bills favored by party leader Henry Clay. Among the bills vetoed by Tyler was a measure to re-establish a national bank. In response to these vetoes, most of Tyler's cabinet resigned, and Whig congressmen expelled Tyler from the party. A resolution calling for his impeachment was introduced in the House, though it was later defeated. Despite his disagreements with Congress, Tyler did sign the Tariff of 1842, which provided needed revenue to a government still dealing with the effects of the Panic of 1837.
Tyler had more success in international affairs. His administration reached the Webster–Ashburton Treaty, which settled a contentious territorial with Great Britain. Tyler also emphasized American interests in the Pacific Ocean, and he reached a commercial treaty with Qing China. He also extended the principles of the Monroe Doctrine to Hawaii. During his last two years in office Tyler pressed for the annexation of Texas as a slave state, injecting the annexation issue into the 1844 presidential election. Partly due to that issue, the 1844 election was won by Democrat James K. Polk. On March 1, 1845, three days before turning the presidency over to Polk, Tyler signed a Texas annexation bill into law, and Texas would be admitted as a state in the first year of Polk's presidency.
Tyler's presidency has provoked highly divided responses, but he is generally held in low esteem by historians. Edward P. Crapol began his biography John Tyler, the Accidental President (2006) by noting: "Other biographers and historians have argued that John Tyler was a hapless and inept chief executive whose presidency was seriously flawed." In The Republican Vision of John Tyler (2003), Dan Monroe observed that the Tyler presidency "is generally ranked as one of the least successful". Some historians and commentators have praised Tyler's foreign policy, personal conduct, and the precedent he set with regards to presidential succession.