Mitigation of global warming | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 15/05/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_mitigation


00:02:39 1 Greenhouse gas concentrations and stabilization
00:06:31 2 Energy consumption by power source
00:07:17 3 Methods and means
00:10:09 3.1 Demand side management
00:10:17 3.1.1 Lifestyle and behavior
00:12:08 3.1.1.1 Dietary change
00:13:27 3.1.2 Energy efficiency and conservation
00:15:44 3.1.3 Demand-side switching sources
00:18:14 3.1.4 Demand side grid management
00:19:59 3.2 Alternative energy sources
00:20:08 3.2.1 Renewable energy
00:25:14 3.2.2 Nuclear power
00:35:03 3.2.3 Coal to gas fuel switching
00:37:43 3.2.4 Heat pump
00:39:38 3.2.5 Fossil fuel phase-out: carbon neutral and negative fuels
00:40:04 3.3 Sinks and negative emissions
00:41:28 3.3.1 Reforestation and afforestation
00:43:22 3.3.2 Avoided desertification
00:45:04 3.3.3 Carbon capture and storage
00:46:28 3.3.4 Enhanced weathering
00:47:00 3.4 Geoengineering
00:48:43 3.4.1 Carbon dioxide removal
00:50:04 3.4.2 Solar radiation management
00:50:27 3.5 Non-COsub2/sub greenhouse gases
00:53:13 4 By sector
00:53:21 4.1 Transport
00:54:26 4.2 Urban planning
00:56:22 4.2.1 Building design
00:57:03 4.3 Agriculture
00:57:54 4.4 Societal controls
00:58:02 4.4.1 Population
00:59:28 5 Costs and benefits
00:59:38 5.1 Costs
01:00:12 5.2 Benefits
01:01:16 5.3 Sharing
01:01:25 5.3.1 Distributing emissions abatement costs
01:02:46 5.3.2 Specific proposals
01:03:28 6 Governmental and intergovernmental action
01:04:33 6.1 Kyoto Protocol
01:06:18 6.2 Temperature targets
01:07:46 6.3 Encouraging use changes
01:08:45 6.3.1 Emissions tax
01:09:35 6.3.2 Subsidies
01:13:04 6.3.3 Investment
01:13:12 6.3.4 Carbon emissions trading
01:14:04 6.4 Implementation
01:14:40 6.4.1 Funding
01:15:02 6.4.2 Problems
01:17:11 6.4.3 Occurrence
01:17:35 6.5 Territorial policies
01:18:36 6.5.1 United States
01:20:11 6.5.2 European Union
01:20:58 6.5.3 Developing countries
01:21:07 7 Non-governmental approaches
01:23:19 7.1 Choices in personal actions and business operations
01:24:00 7.1.1 Air travel and shipment
01:26:25 7.2 Business opportunities and risks
01:26:45 7.3 Investor response
01:27:26 7.4 Legal action
01:28:06 7.5 Activism
01:29:06 8 See also
01:29:44 8.1 By country
01:31:46 9 Notes
01:32:33 10 References
01:32:41 11 External links



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SUMMARY
=======
Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of long-term global warming and its related effects. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human (anthropogenic) emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Mitigation may also be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, e.g., through reforestation. Mitigation policies can substantially reduce the risks associated with human-induced global warming.According to the IPCC's 2014 assessment report, "Mitigation is a public good; climate change is a case of the 'tragedy of the commons'. Effective climate change mitigation will not be achieved if each agent (individual, institution or country) acts independently in its own selfish interest (see International cooperation and Emissions trading), suggesting the need for collective action. Some adaptation actions, on the other hand, have characteristics of a private good as benefits of actions may accrue more directly to the individuals, regions, or countries that undertake them, at least in the short term. Nevertheless, financing such adaptive activities remains an issue, particularly for poor individuals and countries."Examples of mitigation include reducing energy demand by increasing energy efficiency, phasing out fossil fuels by switching to low-carbon energy sources, and removing carbon dioxide from Earth's atmosphere. for example, through improved building insulation. Another approach to climate change mitigation is climate engineering. ...