সেনাবাহিনীর ছদ্মবেশ দক্ষতা। camouflage power of animals and army,
Channel: Geo World
Date: 2021-05-17

Camouflage, also known as cryptic coloration, isn’t just for soldiers in the military; it’s also common among animals, which use it to blend in with their surroundings, ultimately making them invisible to potential attackers.

Camouflage tactics
There are different types of camouflage, and some animals use more than one kind. One of the most common tactics is background matching. It could be as simple as a fox’s white fur matching the color of the Arctic tundra, or as complex as a leaf insect mimicking the movements of an actual leaf.

Another tactic is disruptive coloration, when animals disguise their identification and location through color patterns. For example, the owl butterfly has what looks like owl eyes on its wings, making predators think they are staring at an owl’s face instead of the backside of a butterfly.


Mind-Blowing Camouflage Starts With These Animals’ Unusual Eyes
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MIND-BLOWING CAMOUFLAGE STARTS WITH THESE ANIMALS’ UNUSUAL EYES

Watch: Cephalopods like cuttlefish and octopuses may see color using a previously unknown adaptation.
Rather than hiding their identities, some organisms, like the monarch butterfly, use warning coloration, also known as aposematism, to signal to predators that they pack a toxic punch.

Mimicry is another useful tactic. For example, the nonvenomous scarlet king snake mimics the color patterns of a deadly coral snake as a way to avoid danger.

Countershading is a tactic used by animals with a dark top half and a light lower half. When a shark, for example, is seen from above, it blends in with the darker ocean below, becoming invisible to fishers and swimmers. Prey fish also may not notice sharks when looking at them from below; the lighter side of the shark’s body blends in with the surface water.

Animals hiding in plain sight
Eastern Screech Owl. Okefenokee Swamp, Georgia
Namib Desert Viper. Namib Desert, Namibia
Conehead mantis. Kahramanmaras, Turkey
Anole
Soft coral crab. Cabilao, Western Visayas, Philippines
Moth
Bluespotted klipfish. Simon's Town, Western Cape, South Africa
Flatfish. Garðar, Southern Peninsula, Iceland
Southern Stingray. Fernando de Noronha (Distrito Estadual), Pernambuco, Brazil
Arctic fox. Baie-D'Urfé, Quebec, Canada
Caterpillar. Grovetown, Georgia, United States
Arabian horned viper
Elephants. Jim Corbett National Park, Uttar Pradesh, India
Pygmy seahorse. Bagalangit, Calabarzon, Philippines
Frog. Washington D.C., United States
Spicebush swallowtail caterpillar
Rusty parrotfish and clear cleaner shrimp. Eilat, Southern District, Israel
Cicada. Phonda, Maharashtra, India
Elephant. Tamil Nadu, India
Anemone shrimp. Indonesia
Leafy seadragon. Australia
Red Sea Moses sole. Eilat, Southern District, Israel
Grasshopper
Great gray owl. Ruhtinaansalmi, Oulu, Finland
Bobcat. Laredo, Texas, United States
Chameleon. Democratic Republic of the Congo
Crocodile
Cheetah. Ngorongoro, Arusha, Tanzania
Pharaoh eagle owl
Chameleon. Netanya, Central District, Israel
Arctic fox
Collared Scops Owls
Turaco. Taipei, Taiwan
Spotted cucumber beetle. New York City, New York, United States
Alligator
Candy crab. Indonesia
Whiskered screech owl. Cave Creek Canyon, Arizona, United States
Katydid. Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States
Yellow "mangrove" warbler. Road Town, None, British Virgin Islands
Weedy seadragon. Flinders, Victoria, Australia
Mountain hare. United Kingdom
Soft coral porcelain crab. Anilao, Philippines
Stingray. Jervis Bay Territory, New South Wales, Australia
Lizard
Spider. Egypt
Flying gecko
Leafy seadragon. Rapid Bay, Australia
Mossy tree frog. Vietnam
Butterfly

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Eastern Screech Owl. Okefenokee Swamp, Georgia
Eastern Screech Owl. Okefenokee Swamp, Georgia
PHOTOGRAPH BY GRAHAM MCGEORGE, NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC YOUR SHOT
Olfactory camouflage involves smell instead of color. Animals can cover up their own smell or mask themselves in another species’ scent to avoid predators. For example, the California ground squirrel chews up rattlesnake skin into a paste and applies it to its tail to discourage and confuse rattlesnakes.

What determines a camouflage tactic?
An animal’s camouflage tactic depends on a few factors. For instance, animals with fur use different camouflage tactics than those with feathers and scales, since fur takes weeks or months to grow and change color, while scales and feathers can shed and change colors quickly.

Creatures that live in groups have different tactics from those that are solitary. For example, the black-and-white stripes of a zebra herd may create a camouflage that can confuse predators.

Finally, a predator’s behavior or physical traits will help determine the method of camouflage. If the predator is colorblind, for instance, the prey does not have to blend in with its background.

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