Water pollution in Ghana | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 15/05/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Ghana


00:01:15 1 Access
00:04:11 2 Service quality
00:04:21 2.1 Continuity of supply
00:06:41 3 Water contamination
00:06:51 3.1 Drinking water quality
00:09:03 3.2 Effects on education
00:10:48 3.3 Wastewater treatment
00:12:21 4 Water resources
00:13:34 5 Water use
00:14:15 6 History and recent developments
00:15:14 6.1 Decentralization, focus on rural areas and independent regulation (1994-1999)
00:18:30 6.2 Private sector participation in urban areas (2000-2011)
00:21:01 7 Responsibility for water supply and sanitation
00:21:39 7.1 Policy and regulation
00:24:00 7.2 Service provision
00:24:10 7.2.1 Urban areas
00:24:48 7.2.2 Rural areas
00:27:49 7.3 Other stakeholders
00:32:33 8 Efficiency of utilities
00:32:44 8.1 Non-revenue water
00:34:02 8.2 Labor productivity
00:34:30 9 Financial aspects
00:34:40 9.1 Tariffs and cost recovery
00:37:59 9.2 Investment and financing
00:41:30 10 International cooperation
00:42:09 10.1 African Development Bank
00:43:03 10.2 Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)
00:44:52 10.3 Germany
00:46:32 10.4 World Bank



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Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C


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SUMMARY
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The drinking water supply and sanitation sector in Ghana faces a number of challenges, including very limited access to sanitation, intermittent supply, high water losses and low water pressure. Since 1994, the sector has been gradually reformed through the creation of an autonomous regulatory agency, introduction of private sector participation, decentralization of the rural supply to 138 districts and increased community participation in the management of rural water systems.An international company has managed all urban water systems since 2006 under a 5-year management contract which expired after achieving only some of its objectives. The reforms also aim at increasing cost recovery and a modernization of the urban utility Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL). Another problem which partly arose from the recent reforms is the existence of a multitude of institutions with overlapping responsibilities. The National Water Policy (NWP), launched at the beginning of 2008, seeks to introduce a comprehensive sector policy.