Liberia | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-08

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Liberia


00:03:55 1 History
00:05:24 1.1 Early colonization
00:08:52 1.2 Government
00:11:07 1.3 20th century
00:11:41 1.4 First World War
00:15:43 1.5 2000s
00:17:09 2 Geography
00:19:10 2.1 Forests
00:19:46 2.2 Administrative divisions
00:21:22 2.3 Environmental issues
00:23:27 3 Politics
00:26:05 3.1 Corruption
00:27:17 3.2 Military
00:28:12 3.3 Foreign relations
00:28:47 3.4 Law enforcement
00:29:32 4 Economy and infrastructure
00:34:12 4.1 Shipping flag of convenience
00:34:37 4.2 Telecommunications
00:35:14 4.3 Transportation
00:35:31 4.4 Energy
00:37:07 5 Demographics
00:38:29 5.1 Ethnic groups
00:40:13 5.2 Languages
00:40:41 5.3 Largest cities
00:40:50 5.4 Religion
00:43:17 6 Education
00:44:52 7 Health
00:47:08 8 Crime
00:47:53 9 Culture
00:49:15 9.1 Polygamy
00:49:33 9.2 Cuisine
00:50:07 9.3 Sport
00:50:59 9.4 Measurement system
00:52:16 10 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Liberia ( (listen)), officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast. It is bordered by Sierra Leone to its west, Guinea to its north and Ivory Coast to its east, the Atlantic Ocean to its south. It covers an area of 111,369 square kilometers (43,000 sq mi) and has a population of around 4,700,000 people. English is the official language and over 20 indigenous languages are spoken, representing the numerous ethnic groups who make up more than 95% of the population. The country's capital and largest city is Monrovia.
Liberia began as a settlement of the American Colonization Society (ACS), who believed black people would face better chances for freedom and prosperity in Africa than in the United States. The country declared its independence on July 26, 1847. The U.S. did not recognize Liberia's independence until February 5, 1862, during the American Civil War. Between January 7, 1822, and the American Civil War, more than 15,000 freed and free-born black people who faced legislated limits in the U.S., and 3,198 Afro-Caribbeans, relocated to the settlement. The black settlers carried their culture and tradition with them to Liberia. The Liberian constitution and flag were modeled after those of the U.S. On January 3, 1848, Joseph Jenkins Roberts, a wealthy, free-born African American from Virginia who settled in Liberia, was elected as Liberia's first president after the people proclaimed independence.Liberia was the first African republic to proclaim its independence, and is Africa's first and oldest modern republic. Liberia retained its independence during the Scramble for Africa. During World War II, Liberia supported the United States war efforts against Germany and in turn, the U.S. invested in considerable infrastructure in Liberia to help its war effort, which also aided the country in modernizing and improving its major air transportation facilities. In addition, President William Tubman encouraged economic changes. Internationally, Liberia was a founding member of the League of Nations, United Nations and the Organisation of African Unity.
The Americo-Liberian settlers did not relate well to the indigenous peoples they encountered, especially those in communities of the more isolated "bush". The colonial settlements were raided by the Kru and Grebo from their inland chiefdoms. Americo-Liberians developed as a small elite that held on to political power, and the indigenous tribesmen were excluded from birthright citizenship in their own lands until 1904, in a repetition of the United States' treatment of Native Americans. The Americo-Liberians promoted religious organizations to set up missions and schools to educate the indigenous peoples.
Political tensions from the rule of William R. Tolbert resulted in a military coup in 1980 during which Tolbert was killed, marking the beginning of years-long political instability. Five years of military rule by the People's Redemption Council and five years of civilian rule by the National Democratic Party of Liberia were followed by the First an ...