Carboxylic acids having atleast one `alpha`-hydrogen react with `Cl_(2) or Br_(2)` in the
Channel: Doubtnut
Date: 29/03/2020

Carboxylic acids having atleast one `alpha`-hydrogen react with `Cl_(2) or Br_(2)` in the presence of phosphorus ( or a phosphorus halide) to give `alpha`-halo acids. This reaction is known as Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction (HVZ reaction), `R-CH_(2)COOHunderset(Delta)overset(P//Br_(2))toR-overset(Br)overset(|)\"CH\"-COOH` The HVZ reaction is limited to the formation of `alpha`-chloro and a-bromo acids and it is sometimes awkward to carry out. The reagents ( `X_(2)` and P) are noxious and the reaction time is often long and the conditions of reaction are harsh. `CH_(3)COOHoverset(Br_(2)//Red P)to(A)overset(NaCN)to(B)overset(HOH//H^(+))to(C )` The product (C) will be: