Nucleotide structure and nomenclature | Molecular biology | Biochemistry | First Aid Lectures | Lec2
Channel: Dr. Jamil Lectures
Date: 06/05/2022

In this lecture discuss about nucleotide structure and nomenclature,5 Carbon sugar,Nitrogenous bases ( Pyrimidines and purines),recognization of nitrogenous base structures,diamination reactions,phosphate group,nucleotide vs nucleoside and nomenclature of nucleotide.


https://youtu.be/L0RfdltcPJo
https://youtu.be/aP06bUvyqCA
https://youtu.be/mwRHTUPbihY


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Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are assembled from nucleotides, which consist of 3 components: a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar (pentose), and phosphate.
Five-Carbon Sugars
Nucleic acids (as well as nucleosides and nucleotides) are classified according to the pentose they contain. If the pentose is ribose, the nucleic acid is RNA (ribonucleic acid); if the pentose is deoxyribose, the nucleic acid is DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
Bases 
There are 2 types of nitrogen-containing bases commonly found in nucleotides: purines and pyrimidines.
Purines contain 2 rings in their structure. The purines commonly 
found in nucleic acids are adenine (A) and guanine (G); both are found 
in DNA and RNA. Other purine metabolites, not usually found in 
nucleic acids, include xanthine, hypoxanthine, and uric acid.
• Pyrimidines have only 1 ring. Cytosine (C) is present in both DNA and 
RNA. Thymine (T) is usually found only in DNA, whereas uracil (U) is 
found only in RNA.
Nucleosides and Nucleotides
Nucleosides are formed by covalently linking a base to the number 1 carbon of a sugar. The numbers identifying the carbons of the sugar are labeled with “primes” in nucleosides and nucleotides to distinguish them from the carbons of the purine or pyrimidine base.
Nucleotides are formed when 1 or more phosphate groups is attached to the 5′carbon of a nucleoside. Nucleoside di- and triphosphates are high-energy compounds because of the hydrolytic energy associated with the acid anhydride bonds


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