Polar jet | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-29

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrophysical_jet


00:02:20 1 Relativistic jets
00:04:44 2 Rotation as possible energy source
00:06:21 3 Relativistic jets from neutron stars
00:07:37 4 Other images
00:07:47 5 See also



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SUMMARY
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An astrophysical jet is an astronomical phenomenon where outflows of ionised matter are emitted as an extended beam along the axis of rotation. When this greatly accelerated matter in the beam approaches the speed of light, astrophysical jets become relativistic jets as they show effects from special relativity.The formation and powering of astrophysical jets are highly complex phenomena that are associated with many types of high-energy astronomical sources. They likely arise from dynamic interactions within accretion disks, whose active processes are commonly connected with compact central objects such as black holes, neutron stars or pulsars. One explanation is that tangled magnetic fields are organised to aim two diametrically opposing beams away from the central source by angles only several degrees wide (c.  1%). Jets may also be influenced by a general relativity effect known as frame-dragging.Most of the largest and most active jets are created by supermassive black holes (SMBH) in the centre of active galaxies such as quasars and radio galaxies or within galaxy clusters. Such jets can exceed millions of parsecs in length. Other astronomical objects that contain jets include cataclysmic variable stars, X-ray binaries and gamma-ray bursts (GRB). Others are associated with star forming regions including T Tauri stars and Herbig–Haro objects, which are caused by the interaction of jets with the interstellar medium. Bipolar outflows or jets may also be associated with protostars, or with evolved post-AGB stars, planetary nebulae and bipolar nebulae.