What is Super conductor? | Uses of super conductor | Tamil | Electronic spot
Channel: Electronic Spot
Date: 2021-08-21

#Superconductor #Uses
A superconductor is a material, such as a pure metal like aluminum or lead, that when cooled to ultra-low temperatures allows electricity to move through it with absolutely zero resistance.
Kamerlingh-Onnes in 1911 discovered the superconductivity.
 A superconductor is a substance that conducts electricity without resistance when it becomes colder than a "critical temperature." At this temperature, electrons can move freely through the material. 

The critical temperature of a substance is the temperature at and above which vapor of the substance cannot be liquefied, no matter how much pressure is applied. Every substance has a critical temperature. 
The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state when it is cooled below the critical temperature.
At T greater then Tc the material is normal state. When the external magnetic field is turned on, it penetrates through the metal.
Diamagnetic have a magnetization that opposes any applied magnetic field, the superconductor is repelled by the magnetic field. When a magnet is placed above a superconductor, this repelling force can be stronger than gravity, allowing the magnet to levitate above the superconductor.
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Types of Superconductors
Type-I Superconductor - Soft superconductor. 
Type-II Superconductor - Hard superconductor. 
Applications : 
1. Transmission lines
2. maglev train
3. computer circuits
4. Superconducting chips - NASA and NSF is working to develop this.
5.Superconducting motors

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