Colombia | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-07

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Colombia


00:02:42 1 Etymology
00:03:55 2 History
00:04:04 2.1 Pre-Columbian era
00:06:32 2.2 Spanish conquest
00:08:59 2.3 Colonial period
00:12:12 2.4 Independence
00:15:43 2.5 20th century
00:19:25 2.6 21st century
00:21:54 3 Geography
00:25:42 3.1 Climate
00:27:29 3.2 Biodiversity
00:29:14 4 Government and politics
00:32:20 4.1 Foreign affairs
00:33:16 4.2 Military
00:34:50 4.3 Administrative divisions
00:36:18 5 Economy
00:41:15 5.1 Science and technology
00:43:38 5.2 Infrastructure
00:45:23 6 Demographics
00:47:59 6.1 Languages
00:49:02 6.2 Ethnic groups
00:52:53 6.3 Religion
00:54:20 6.4 Largest cities
00:54:56 7 Culture
00:55:51 7.1 Literature
00:58:19 7.2 Visual arts
01:01:37 7.3 Architecture
01:05:02 7.4 Music
01:08:21 7.5 Popular culture
01:10:17 7.6 Cuisine
01:12:43 7.7 Sports
01:14:19 8 Health
01:15:54 9 Education
01:19:04 10 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Colombia ( (listen) kə-LUM-bee-ə,  -LOM-; Spanish: [koˈlombja] (listen)), officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish: República de Colombia ), is a sovereign state largely situated in the northwest of South America, with territories in Central America. Colombia shares a border to the northwest with Panama, to the east with Venezuela and Brazil and to the south with Ecuador and Peru. It shares its maritime limits with Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Jamaica, Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Colombia is a unitary, constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments, with the capital in Bogota.
Colombia has been inhabited by various indigenous peoples since 12,000 BCE, including the Muisca, Quimbaya, and the Tairona. The Spanish arrived in 1499 and by the mid-16th century conquered and colonized much of the region, establishing the New Kingdom of Granada, with Santafé de Bogotá as its capital. Independence from Spain was achieved in 1819, but by 1830 the "Gran Colombia" Federation was dissolved, with what is now Colombia and Panama emerging as the Republic of New Granada. The new nation experimented with federalism as the Granadine Confederation (1858), and then the United States of Colombia (1863), before the Republic of Colombia was finally declared in 1886. Panama seceded in 1903, leading to Colombia's present borders. Since the 1960s, the country has suffered from an asymmetric low-intensity armed conflict and political violence, both of which escalated in the 1990s; since 2005, there has been significant improvement in security, stability, and rule of law.Colombia is one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse countries in the world, with its rich cultural heritage reflecting influences by indigenous peoples, European settlement, forced African migration, immigration from Europe and the Middle East. Urban centres are mostly located in the highlands of the Andes mountains and the Caribbean coast.
Colombia is among the world's 17 megadiverse countries, and the most densely biodiverse of these per square kilometer; its territory encompasses Amazon rainforest, tropical grassland and coastlines along both the Caribbean and Pacific.
Colombia is a middle power and regional actor in Latin America, with the fourth-largest economy. It is part of the CIVETS group of six leading emerging markets and a member of the UN, the WTO, the OECD, the OAS, the Pacific Alliance, and other international organizations. Colombia has a diversified economy with macroeconomic stability and favorable growth prospects in the long run.