Diel vertical migration | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 26/06/2019

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diel_vertical_migration


00:01:46 1 Discovery
00:03:37 2 Types of vertical migration
00:06:41 3 Vertical migration stimuli
00:07:21 3.1 Endogenous factors
00:09:49 3.2 Exogenous factors
00:14:00 4 Reasons for vertical migration
00:16:51 5 Unusual events
00:18:46 6 Importance for the biological pump
00:22:05 7 See also



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SUMMARY
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Diel vertical migration (DVM), also known as diurnal vertical migration, is a pattern of movement used by some organisms, such as copepods, living in the ocean and in lakes. The migration occurs when organisms move up to the epipelagic zone at night and return to the mesopelagic zone of the oceans or to the hypolimnion zone of lakes during the day. The word diel comes from the Latin dies day, and means a 24-hour period. In terms of biomass, it is the greatest migration in the world. It is not restricted to any one taxa as examples are known from crustaceans (copepods), molluscs (squid), and ray-finned fishes (trout). Various stimuli are responsible for this phenomenon, the most prominent being response to changes in light intensity, though evidence suggests that biological clocks are an underlying stimulus as well. The phenomenon may arise for a number of reasons, though it is most typically to access food and avoid predators. While this mass migration is generally nocturnal, with the animals ascending from the depths at nightfall and descending at sunrise, the timing can be altered in response to the different cues and stimuli that trigger it. Some unusual events impact vertical migration: DVM is absent during the midnight sun in Arctic regions and vertical migration can occur suddenly during a solar eclipse.