Immunohistochemical staining | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-03

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunohistochemistry


00:01:39 1 Sample preparation
00:02:10 1.1 Preparing tissue slices
00:03:38 1.2 Reducing non-specific immuno-staining
00:05:28 2 Sample labeling
00:05:37 2.1 Antibody types
00:07:05 2.2 IHC reporters
00:08:52 2.3 Target antigen detection methods
00:11:21 2.4 Counterstains
00:12:04 3 Troubleshooting
00:13:01 4 Diagnostic IHC markers
00:15:59 5 Directing therapy
00:16:28 5.1 Chemical inhibitors
00:17:33 5.2 Monoclonal antibodies
00:19:12 6 Mapping protein expression
00:19:58 7 See also



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SUMMARY
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Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the most common application of immunostaining. It involves the process of selectively identifying antigens (proteins) in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in biological tissues.  IHC takes its name from the roots "immuno", in reference to antibodies used in the procedure, and "histo", meaning tissue (compare to immunocytochemistry). Albert Coons conceptualized and first implemented the procedure in 1941.Immunohistochemical staining is widely used in the diagnosis of abnormal cells such as those found in cancerous tumors. Specific molecular markers are characteristic of particular cellular events such as proliferation or cell death (apoptosis).
Immunohistochemistry is also widely used in basic research to understand the distribution and localization of biomarkers and differentially expressed proteins in different parts of a biological tissue.
Visualising an antibody-antigen interaction can be accomplished in a number of ways. In the most common instance, an antibody is conjugated to an enzyme, such as peroxidase, that can catalyse a colour-producing reaction (see immunoperoxidase staining). Alternatively, the antibody can also be tagged to a fluorophore, such as fluorescein or rhodamine (see immunofluorescence).