Inertia | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-24

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertia


00:02:08 1 History and development of the concept
00:02:18 1.1 Early understanding of motion
00:04:05 1.2 Theory of impetus
00:05:57 1.3 Classical inertia
00:10:59 1.4 Relativity
00:13:36 2 Interpretations
00:13:46 2.1 Mass and inertia
00:16:00 2.2 Inertial mass
00:19:44 2.3 Inertial frames
00:22:01 3 Rotational inertia
00:22:47 4 See also



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SUMMARY
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Inertia is the resistance, of any physical object, to any change in its velocity. This includes changes to the object's speed, or direction of motion. 
An aspect of this property is the tendency of objects to keep moving in a straight line at a constant speed, when no forces are upon them—and this aspect in particular is also called inertia.
The principle of inertia is one of the fundamental principles in classical physics that are still used today to describe the motion of objects and how they are affected by the applied forces on them. 
Inertia comes from the Latin word, iners, meaning idle, sluggish. Inertia is one of the primary manifestations of mass, which is a quantitative property of physical systems. Isaac Newton defined inertia as his first law in his Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, which states: 
The vis insita, or innate force of matter, is a power of resisting by which every body, as much as in it lies, endeavours to preserve its present state, whether it be of rest or of moving uniformly forward in a straight line.

In common usage, the term "inertia" may refer to an object's "amount of resistance to change in velocity" (which is quantified by its mass), or sometimes to its momentum, depending on the context.  The term "inertia" is more properly understood as shorthand for "the principle of inertia" as described by Newton in his First Law of Motion: an object not subject to any net external force moves at a constant velocity. Thus, an object will continue moving at its current velocity until some force causes its speed or direction to change.
On the surface of the Earth, inertia is often masked by the effects of friction and air resistance, both of which tend to decrease the speed of moving objects (commonly to the point of rest), and gravity. This misled the philosopher Aristotle to believe that objects would move only as long as force was applied to them:
...it [body] stops when the force which is pushing the travelling object has no longer power to push it along...