Dialect
Channel: all the knowledge of the universe PRINCIPIA
Date: 2021-12-11

Dialect, by Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8128 / CC BY SA 3.0

#Dialects
#Language
#Language_varieties_and_styles
#Lexicology
#Linguistics_terminology
The term dialect （from Latin dialectus, dialectos, from the Ancient Greek word διάλεκτος, diálektos 'discourse', from διά, diá 'through' and λέγω, légō 'I speak'） can refer
to either of two distinctly different types of linguistic phenomena: Features that distinguish dialects from each other can be found in lexicon （vocabulary） and grammar,
as well as in pronunciation （phonology, including prosody）.
Where the salient distinctions are only or mostly to be observed in pronunciation, the more specific term accent may be used instead of dialect.
Differences that are largely concentrated in lexicon may be creoles in their own right.
When lexical differences are mostly concentrated in the specialized vocabulary of a profession or other organization, they are jargons; differences in vocabulary
that are deliberately cultivated to exclude outsiders or to serve as shibboleths are known as cryptolects （or "cant"） and include slangs and argots.
The particular speech patterns used by an individual are referred to as that person's idiolect.
To classify subsets of language as dialects, linguists take into account linguistic distance.
The dialects of a language with a writing system will operate at different degrees of distance from the standardized written form.
Some dialects of a language are not mutually intelligible in spoken form, leading to debate as to whether they are regiolects or separate languages.
A standard dialect also known as a "standardized language" is supported by institutions.
Such institutional support may include any or all of the following: government recognition or designation; formal presentation in schooling as the "correct" form of a language; informal monitoring of everyday usage; published grammars,
dictionaries, and textbooks that set forth a normative spoken and written form; and an exte...