Biological type | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-28

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_(biology)


00:00:54 1 Type specimen
00:05:33 2 Older terminology
00:06:36 3 In botany
00:10:24 4 In zoology
00:11:09 4.1 Definitions
00:12:28 4.2 Use of type specimens
00:13:57 4.2.1 Holotype
00:14:27 4.2.2 Paratype
00:14:49 4.2.3 Allotype
00:15:16 4.2.4 Neotype
00:15:38 4.2.5 Syntype
00:16:20 4.2.6 Lectotype
00:17:14 4.2.7 Paralectotype
00:17:35 4.2.8 Hapantotype
00:18:04 4.2.9 Iconotype
00:18:29 4.2.10 Ergatotype
00:18:46 4.2.11 Alternatives to preserved specimens
00:20:14 4.2.12 Formalisation of the type system
00:22:29 4.3 Type species
00:23:58 4.4 Type genus
00:24:37 5 See also



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SUMMARY
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In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralize the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen.A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution.