Water pollution in Egypt | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-05-15

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_resources_management_in_Egypt


00:01:41 1 History
00:04:35 2 Infrastructure
00:04:45 2.1 Existing infrastructure
00:10:35 2.2 Irrigation Improvement Program
00:16:55 2.3 Mega-projects to irrigate "New Lands"
00:17:37 2.3.1 The North Sinai Development Project
00:18:24 2.3.2 The New Valley Project (Toshka project)
00:19:26 2.3.3 The West Delta Region Project
00:20:57 3 Water resources
00:21:07 3.1 Current resources
00:23:26 3.2 Future resources
00:25:58 3.3 Impact of sea level rise in the Nile Delta
00:28:36 4 Water use
00:29:04 4.1 Agriculture and reuse of drainage water
00:31:12 4.2 Municipal and industrial use
00:32:10 4.3 Other uses
00:34:24 5 Environmental aspects
00:34:34 5.1 Surface water quality
00:38:29 5.2 Biodiversity
00:41:22 5.3 Groundwater quality
00:41:59 5.4 Health impact
00:43:23 6 Legal and institutional framework
00:43:34 6.1 Legal framework
00:45:09 6.2 Key institutions
00:49:21 6.3 National water planning
00:54:25 7 External cooperation
00:57:09 8 See also



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SUMMARY
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Water resources management in modern Egypt is a complex process that involves multiple stakeholders who use water for irrigation, municipal and industrial water supply, hydropower generation and navigation. In addition, the waters of the Nile support aquatic ecosystems that are threatened by abstraction and pollution. Egypt also has substantial fossil groundwater resources in the Western Desert.
A key problem of water resources management in Egypt is the imbalance between increasing water demand and limited supply. In order to ensure future water availability coordination with the nine upstream Nile riparian countries is essential. The Nile Basin Initiative provides a forum for such cooperation. In the 1990s the government launched three mega-projects to increase irrigation on "new lands". They are located in the Toshka area (the "New Valley"), on the fringe of the Western Nile Delta, and in the Northern Sinai. These projects all require substantial amounts of water that can only be mobilized through better irrigation efficiency on already irrigated "old lands" as well as the reuse of drainage water and treated wastewater.