El Niño | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-06-23

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Ni%C3%B1o


00:02:15 1 Concept
00:06:23 2 Occurrences
00:08:49 3 Cultural history and prehistoric information
00:12:37 4 Diversity
00:16:16 5 Effects on the global climate
00:16:39 5.1 Tropical cyclones
00:19:24 5.2 Remote influence on tropical Atlantic Ocean
00:20:36 5.3 Antarctica
00:21:34 6 Regional impacts
00:22:25 6.1 Australia and the Southern Pacific
00:24:36 6.2 Africa
00:25:11 6.3 Asia
00:26:06 6.4 Europe
00:26:29 6.5 North America
00:28:39 6.6 South America
00:31:59 7 Effects on humanity
00:32:09 7.1 Economic effect
00:34:09 7.2 Health and social effects



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SUMMARY
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El Niño (; Spanish: [el ˈniɲo]) is the warm phase of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and is associated with a band of warm ocean water that develops in the central and east-central equatorial Pacific (between approximately the International Date Line and 120°W), including the area off the Pacific coast of South America. The ENSO is the cycle of warm and cold sea surface temperature (SST) of the tropical central and eastern Pacific Ocean. El Niño is accompanied by high air pressure in the western Pacific and low air pressure in the eastern Pacific. El Niño phases are known to occur close to four years, however, records demonstrate that the cycles have lasted between two and seven years. During the development of El Niño, rainfall develops between September–November. The cool phase of ENSO is La Niña, with SSTs in the eastern Pacific below average, and air pressure high in the eastern Pacific and low in the western Pacific. The ENSO cycle, including both El Niño and La Niña, causes global changes in temperature and rainfall.Developing countries that depend on their own agriculture and fishing, particularly those bordering the Pacific Ocean, are usually most affected. In American Spanish, the capitalized term El Niño means "the boy". In this phase of the Oscillation, the pool of warm water in the Pacific near South America is often at its warmest about Christmas. The original name of the phase, El Niño de Navidad, arose centuries ago, when Peruvian fishermen named the weather phenomenon after the newborn Christ. La Niña, chosen as the "opposite" of El Niño, is American Spanish for "the girl".