Cultural transmission animals
Channel: BISWARUP ROY
Date: 28/12/2017

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 Zoology involves the study of animals. Not just any study, but how to classify animals, their history, their anatomy and physiology, their development, and so much more.

Zoology is a very broad field; zoologists study subjects ranging from single-celled organisms to the behavior of groups of animals. Some zoologists study the biology of a particular animal, others study the structure and function of the bodies of animals.

Cultural transmission, also known as cultural learning, is the process and method of passing on socially learned information. Within a species, cultural transmission is greatly influenced by how adults socialize with each other and with their young. Differences in cultural transmission across species have been thought to be largely affected by external factors, such as the physical environment, that may lead an individual to interpret a traditional concept in a novel way. The environmental stimuli that contribute to this variance can include climate, migration patterns, conflict, suitability for survival, and endemic pathogens. Cultural transmission is hypothesized to be a critical process for maintaining behavioral characteristics in both humans and nonhuman animals over time, and its existence relies on innovation, imitation, and communication to create and propagate various aspects of animal behavior seen today.

Cultural transmission refers to the transfer of the knowledge, values, and ideas within a population. It is also a nongenetic form of natural selection in which behavioral adaptations that arise from cultural influences are passed from one generation to the next. Importantly, cultural transmission occurs between an individual and the individual's conspecifics, both between generations and within generations. ‘Cultural transmission’ is not synonymous with ‘environmental influence’ – only ‘individuals’ are the relevant part of the environment critical to cultural transmission. The transfer of information is based on social learning specifically, and not on other types of learning such as behavioral reinforcement. Mathematical models of cultural transmission have been developed that emphasize either the similarities or the differences among individuals within a population. Cultural transmission may also be an important cause of correlated genotypes and environments.

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