Parsifal
Channel: 宇宙のすべての知識 プリンシピア
Date: 2019-03-07

Parsifal, by Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38235 / CC BY SA 3.0

#Operas_by_Richard_Wagner
#Libretti_by_Richard_Wagner
#Arthurian_operas
#German-language_operas
#Holy_Grail_in_fiction
#Music_dramas
#Operas
#1882_operas
#Operas_adapted_into_films
Parsifal

Parsifal (WWV 111) is an opera in three acts by German composer Richard Wagner. It is loosely based on "Parzival" by Wolfram von Eschenbach, a 13th-century epic poem of the Arthurian knight Parzival (Percival) and his quest for the Holy Grail (12th century).

Wagner conceived the work in April 1857, but did not finish it until 25 years later. It was his last completed opera, and in composing it he took advantage of the particular acoustics of his Bayreuth Festspielhaus. "Parsifal" was first produced at the second Bayreuth Festival in 1882. The Bayreuth Festival maintained a monopoly on "Parsifal" productions until 1903, when the opera was performed at the Metropolitan Opera in New York.

Wagner described "Parsifal" not as an opera, but as ("A Festival Play for the Consecration of the Stage"). At Bayreuth a tradition has arisen that there be no applause after the first act of the opera.

Wagner's spelling of "Parsifal" instead of the "Parzival" he had used up to 1877 is informed by one of the theories about the name "Percival," according to which it is of Persian origin, "Fal Parsi" meaning "pure fool".

Wagner read von Eschenbach's poem "Parzival" while taking the waters at Marienbad in 1845. After encountering Arthur Schopenhauer's writings in 1854, Wagner became interested in oriental philosophies, especially Buddhism. Out of this interest came "Die Sieger" ("The Victors", 1856) a sketch Wagner wrote for an opera based on a story from the life of Buddha. The themes which were later explored in "Parsifal" of self-renouncing, reincarnation, compassion, and even exclusive social groups (castes in ', the Knights of the Grail in Parsifal) were first introduced in '.

According to his autobiography ', W...