Cerebrospinal fluid
Channel: all the knowledge of the universe PRINCIPIA
Date: 10/12/2021

Cerebrospinal fluid, by Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=7632 / CC BY SA 3.0

#Body_fluids
#Ventricular_system
#Neurology
#Reference_intervals
Cerebrospinal fluid （CSF） is a clear, colorless body fluid found within the tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord of all vertebrates.
CSF is produced by specialised ependymal cells in the choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain, and absorbed in the arachnoid granulations.
There is about 125 mL of CSF at any one time, and about 500 mL is generated every day.
CSF acts as a cushion or buffer, providing basic mechanical and immunological protection to the brain inside the skull.
CSF also serves a vital function in the cerebral autoregulation of cerebral blood flow.
The CSF occupies the subarachnoid space （between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater） and the ventricular system around and inside the brain and spinal cord.
It fills the ventricles of the brain, cisterns, and sulci, as well as the central canal of the spinal cord.
There is also a connection from the subarachnoid space to the bony labyrinth of the inner ear via the perilymphatic duct where the perilymph is continuous with the cerebrospinal fluid.
The ependymal cells of the choroid plexus have multiple motile cilia on their apical surfaces that beat to move the CSF through the ventricles.
A sample of CSF can be taken from around the spinal cord via lumbar puncture.
This can used to test the intracranial pressure, as well as indicate diseases including infections of the brain or the surrounding meninges.
Although noted by Hippocrates it was forgotten for centuries.
It was described in the 18th century by Emanuel Swedenborg.
In 1914, Harvey Cushing demonstrated that the CSF was secreted by the choroid plexus.
MRI showing pulsation of CSF Distribution of CSF There is about 125–150 mL of CSF at any one time.
This CSF circulates within the ventricular system of the brain.
The ventricles are a series of cavities filled with CSF. The majority of ...