Deep-sea Creatures - Most amazing deep sea creatures - Know about Deep sea gigantism
Channel: Xtreme Lifestyle Zone
Date: 17/06/2017

"Deep-sea Creatures - Most amazing deep sea creatures - Know about Deep sea gigantism "

Read the description below for better understanding of Mystery Creatures of Deep Sea

The term deep sea creature refers to organisms that live below the photic zone of the ocean. These deep sea creatures must survive in extremely harsh conditions, such as hundreds of bars of pressure, small amounts of oxygen, very little food, no sunlight, and constant, extreme cold. Most creatures have to depend on food floating down from above.

These creatures live in very demanding environments, such as the abyssal or hadal zones, which, being thousands of meters below the surface, are almost completely devoid of light. The water is between 3 and 10 degrees Celsius and has low oxygen levels. Due to the depth, the pressure is between 20 and 1,000 bars. Creatures that live hundreds or even thousands of meters deep in the ocean have adapted to the high pressure, lack of light, and other factors. This video is about strange world of fish which are less known.

These deep sea creatures have evolved to survive the extreme pressure of the sub-photic zones. The pressure increases by about one bar every ten meters. To cope with the pressure, many fish are rather small, usually not exceeding 25 cm in length. Also, scientists have discovered that the deeper these creatures live, the more gelatinous their flesh and more minimal their skeletal structure. 
These deep sea creatures have also eliminated all excess cavities that would collapse under the pressure, such as swim bladders. 

The lack of light requires deep sea creatures to have special adaptations to find food, avoid predators, and find mates. Most sea creatures have very large eyes with retinas constructed mainly of rods, which increases sensitivity. Many deep sea creatures have also developed large feelers to replace peripheral vision. To be able to reproduce, many of these rare species of fish have evolved to be hermaphroditic, eliminating the need to find a mate. Many sea creatures have also developed a very strong sense of smell to detect the chemicals released by mates.

At this depth, there is not enough light for photosynthesis to occur and not enough oxygen to support these deep sea creatures with a high metabolism. To survive, sea creatures have slower metabolisms which require less oxygen; they can live for long periods without food. Most food either comes from organic material that falls from above or from eating other ocean creatures that have derived their food through the process of chemosynthesis (the process of changing chemical energy into food energy). Because of the sparse distributions of rare sea creatures, there is always at least some oxygen and food. Also, instead of using energy to search for food, these sea creatures use particular adaptations to ambush prey.

What is Deep-sea gigantism ?

Read below to know about deep sea gigantism

The term deep-sea gigantism describes an effect that living at such depths has on some creatures' sizes, especially relative to the size of relatives that live in different environments. These creatures are generally many times bigger than their counterparts. The giant isopod (related to the common pill bug) exemplifies this. To date, scientists have only been able to explain deep-sea gigantism in the case of the giant tube worm. Scientists believe these creatures are much larger than shallower-water tube worms because they live on hydrothermal vents that expel huge amounts of resources. They believe that, since the creatures don't have to expend energy regulating body temperature and have a smaller need for activity, they can allocate more resources to bodily processes.

There are also cases of deep-sea creatures being abnormally small, such as the lantern shark, which fits in an adult human's palm

Deep sea research: 

Humans have explored less than 2% of the ocean floor, and dozens of new species of deep sea creatures are discovered with every dive. 

The extreme difference in pressure between the sea floor and the surface makes the deep sea creature's survival on the surface near impossible; this makes in-depth research difficult because most useful information can only be found while the creatures are alive. Recent developments have allowed scientists to look at these creatures more closely, and for a longer time. This captures a deep-water creature, and adjusts its internal pressure slowly to surface level as the creature is brought to the surface, in the hope that the creature can adjust.


Reference & credit ( wikipedia) : https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deep_sea_creature&oldid=780720623

Below are the names of the fishes:

Orange Frog Fish
Longhorn cowfish
Bubble eye Goldfish
Balloonfish
Mexican salamander
leafy Seadragon
Lion Fish
Anglerfish
Blanket Octopus
Flying Fish

https://youtu.be/3uKfGwRIeNY


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