RNA | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2018-12-08

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
RNA


00:01:28 1 Comparison with DNA
00:02:27 2 Structure
00:06:26 3 Synthesis
00:07:53 4 Types of RNA
00:08:03 4.1 Overview
00:09:18 4.2 In length
00:10:17 4.3 In translation
00:12:40 5 Regulatory RNA
00:13:53 5.1 RNA interference by miRNAs
00:14:38 5.2 Long non-coding RNAs
00:15:21 5.3 Enhancer RNAs
00:15:58 5.4 Regulatory RNA in prokaryotes
00:17:15 6 In RNA processing
00:18:22 7 RNA genomes
00:18:59 7.1 In reverse transcription
00:19:31 8 Double-stranded RNA
00:20:09 9 Circular RNA
00:20:47 10 Key discoveries in RNA biology
00:23:53 10.1 Relevance for prebiotic chemistry and abiogenesis
00:24:51 11 See also



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SUMMARY
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Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. RNA and DNA are nucleic acids, and, along with lipids, proteins and carbohydrates, constitute the four major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life. Like DNA, RNA is assembled as a chain of nucleotides, but unlike DNA it is more often found in nature as a single-strand folded onto itself, rather than a paired double-strand. Cellular organisms use messenger RNA (mRNA) to convey genetic information (using the nitrogenous bases of guanine, uracil, adenine, and cytosine, denoted by the letters G, U, A, and C) that directs synthesis of specific proteins. Many viruses encode their genetic information using an RNA genome.
Some RNA molecules play an active role within cells by catalyzing biological reactions, controlling gene expression, or sensing and communicating responses to cellular signals. One of these active processes is protein synthesis, a universal function in which RNA molecules direct the assembly of proteins on ribosomes. This process uses transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to deliver amino acids to the ribosome, where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) then links amino acids together to form proteins.