Presidency of Thomas Jefferson | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: Subhajit Sahu
Date: 2018-12-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Presidency of Thomas Jefferson


00:02:43 1 Election of 1800
00:04:39 2 Inauguration
00:05:40 3 Administration
00:05:49 3.1 Cabinet
00:06:40 3.2 Patronage and the Federalists
00:07:52 4 Judiciary
00:11:35 5 Domestic affairs
00:11:45 5.1 Jeffersonian democracy
00:14:44 5.2 Fiscal policy
00:17:01 5.3 Yazoo controversy
00:18:29 5.4 Lewis and Clark and other expeditions
00:21:25 5.5 National military academy
00:22:07 5.6 Twelfth amendment
00:22:42 5.7 Admission of Ohio
00:23:44 6 Foreign affairs
00:23:54 6.1 Barbary War
00:25:51 6.2 Louisiana Purchase
00:28:19 6.3 Burr conspiracy
00:31:01 6.4 Florida and Haiti
00:33:46 6.5 Native American relations
00:35:21 6.6 Slave trade
00:37:17 6.7 Relations with European Powers and the Embargo Act
00:40:53 7 Election of 1804
00:42:08 8 Election of 1808
00:43:18 9 Historical reputation



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SUMMARY
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The presidency of Thomas Jefferson began on March 4, 1801, when he was inaugurated as the third President of the United States, and ended on March 4, 1809. Jefferson assumed the office after defeating incumbent President John Adams in the 1800 presidential election. The election was a realigning election in which the Democratic-Republican Party swept the Federalist Party out of power, ushering in a generation of Democratic-Republican dominance in American politics. After serving two terms, Jefferson was succeeded by Secretary of State James Madison, also of the Democratic-Republican Party.
Jefferson took office determined to roll back the Federalist program of the 1790s. His administration reduced taxes, government spending, and the national debt, and repealed the Alien and Sedition Acts. In foreign affairs, the major developments were the acquisition of the gigantic Louisiana Purchase from France in 1803, an embargo against trade with both Great Britain and France, and worsening relations with Britain as the United States tried to remain neutral in the midst of the Napoleonic Wars that engulfed Europe. He established a military academy, used the Navy to protect merchant ships from Barbary pirates in North Africa, and developed a plan to protect U.S. ports from foreign invasion by the use of small gunboats (a plan that proved useless when war came in 1812). He also authorized the Lewis and Clark expedition to explore the Louisiana Territory and the Pacific Northwest.
During his second term, Jefferson's attention was focused on the trial of then former Vice President Burr for treason, which resulted in an acquittal, and on the issue of slavery, specifically the importation of slaves from abroad. In 1806, he denounced the international slave trade as a "violation of human rights" and called upon Congress to criminalize it. Congress responded by approving the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves the following year. Rising tensions between the United States and Britain dominated the final years of Jefferson's second term, as the Royal Navy began impressing sailors from American ships and attacking American shipping. Jefferson rejected war and instead used economic threats and embargoes that ultimately hurt the U.S. more than Britain. The disputes with Britain continued after Jefferson left office, eventually leading to the War of 1812.
Jefferson, whose reputation has ebbed and flowed through the years, has been memorialized in numerous ways. He is, as a result of his contribution in shaping the nation's republican political philosophy, consistently ranked—in surveys of academic historians and political scientists or popular opinion—as one of the nation's most esteemed presidents.