Shanghai | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-01-08

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai


00:02:21 1 Names
00:04:17 2 History
00:04:26 2.1 Ancient history
00:05:23 2.2 Imperial history
00:08:11 2.3 Rise and golden age
00:12:04 2.4 Wartime era
00:13:24 2.5 Modern history
00:15:19 3 Geography
00:18:08 3.1 Climate
00:20:14 4 Cityscape
00:20:23 5 Politics
00:22:22 6 Administrative divisions
00:25:20 7 Economy
00:31:21 8 Demographics
00:33:00 9 Religion
00:35:44 10 Education
00:39:33 11 Transport
00:39:42 11.1 Public transport
00:41:53 11.2 Roads
00:44:01 11.3 Railway
00:44:50 11.4 Air
00:45:39 12 Architecture
00:50:22 13 Environment
00:50:31 13.1 Parks and resorts
00:52:56 13.2 Environmental protection
00:53:39 13.3 Air pollution and government reaction
00:55:29 14 Culture
00:56:34 14.1 Language
00:58:46 14.2 Museums
01:00:45 14.3 Cinema
01:02:16 14.4 Arts
01:04:29 14.5 Fashion
01:06:55 15 Media
01:07:35 16 Sports
01:10:16 17 International relations
01:10:38 18 See also



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SUMMARY
=======
Shanghai (Chinese: 上海, Mandarin pronunciation: [ʂâŋ.xài] (listen), Wu pronunciation: [zɑ̃.hɛ] (listen)) is one of the four municipalities under the direct administration of the central government of the People's Republic of China, the largest city in China by population, and the second most populous city proper in the world, with a population of 24.18 million as of  2017. It is a global financial centre and transport hub, with the world's busiest container port. Located in the Yangtze River Delta, it sits on the south edge of the estuary of the Yangtze in the middle portion of the East China coast. The municipality borders the provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang to the north, south and west, and is bounded to the east by the East China Sea.As a major administrative, shipping and trading city, Shanghai grew in importance in the 19th century due to trade and recognition of its favourable port location and economic potential. The city was one of five treaty ports forced open to foreign trade following the British victory over China in the First Opium War. The subsequent 1842 Treaty of Nanking and 1844 Treaty of Whampoa allowed the establishment of the Shanghai International Settlement and the French Concession. The city then flourished as a centre of commerce between China and other parts of the world (predominantly the Occident), and became the primary financial hub of the Asia-Pacific region in the 1930s. However, with the Communist Party takeover of the mainland in 1949, trade was limited to other socialist countries, and the city's global influence declined. In the 1990s, the economic reforms introduced by Deng Xiaoping resulted in an intense re-development of the city, aiding the return of finance and foreign investment to the city. It has since re-emerged as a hub for international trade and finance; it is the home of the Shanghai Stock Exchange, one of the world's largest by market capitalization.Shanghai has been described as the "showpiece" of the booming economy of mainland China; renowned for its Lujiazui skyline, and museums and historic buildings, such as those along The Bund, as well as the City God Temple and the Yu Garden.