William McKinley | Wikipedia audio article
Channel: wikipedia tts
Date: 2019-10-04

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_McKinley


00:03:35 1 Early life and family
00:05:45 2 Civil War
00:05:55 2.1 Western Virginia and Antietam
00:09:27 2.2 Shenandoah Valley and promotion
00:13:59 3 Legal career and marriage
00:18:23 4 Rising politician 1877–1895
00:18:36 4.1 Spokesman for protection
00:23:25 4.2 Gerrymandering and defeat for re-election
00:26:15 4.3 Governor of Ohio (1892–1896)
00:31:29 5 Election of 1896
00:31:39 5.1 Obtaining the nomination
00:36:49 5.2 General election campaign
00:43:59 6 Presidency (1897–1901)
00:44:11 6.1 Inauguration and appointments
00:48:05 6.1.1 Cabinet
00:48:13 6.2 Cuba crisis and war with Spain
00:53:30 6.3 Peace and territorial gain
00:56:37 6.4 Expanding influence overseas
00:59:01 6.5 Tariffs and bimetallism
01:00:54 6.6 Civil rights
01:04:02 6.7 1900 election
01:07:36 6.8 Second term
01:08:28 6.9 Assassination
01:12:48 7 Funeral, memorials, and legacy
01:12:59 7.1 Funeral and resting place
01:15:19 7.2 Other memorials
01:17:08 7.3 Legacy and historical image
01:22:15 8 See also



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SUMMARY
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William McKinley (born William McKinley Jr.; January 29, 1843 – September 14, 1901) was the 25th president of the United States, serving from March 4, 1897, until his assassination six months into his second term. During his presidency, McKinley led the nation to victory in the Spanish–American War, raised protective tariffs to promote American industry and kept the nation on the gold standard in a rejection of free silver (effectively, expansionary monetary policy).
McKinley was the last president to have served in the American Civil War and the only one to have started the war as an enlisted soldier, beginning as a private in the Union Army and ending as a brevet major. After the war, he settled in Canton, Ohio, where he practiced law and married Ida Saxton. In 1876, he was elected to Congress, where he became the Republican Party's expert on the protective tariff, which he promised would bring prosperity. His 1890 McKinley Tariff was highly controversial, which together with a Democratic redistricting aimed at gerrymandering him out of office led to his defeat in the Democratic landslide of 1890. He was elected governor of Ohio in 1891 and 1893, steering a moderate course between capital and labor interests. With the aid of his close adviser Mark Hanna, he secured the Republican nomination for president in 1896 amid a deep economic depression. He defeated his Democratic rival William Jennings Bryan after a front porch campaign in which he advocated "sound money" (the gold standard unless altered by international agreement) and promised that high tariffs would restore prosperity.
Rapid economic growth marked McKinley's presidency. He promoted the 1897 Dingley Tariff to protect manufacturers and factory workers from foreign competition and in 1900 secured the passage of the Gold Standard Act. McKinley hoped to persuade Spain to grant independence to rebellious Cuba without conflict, but when negotiation failed he led the nation into the Spanish-American War of 1898. The United States victory was quick and decisive. As part of the peace settlement, Spain turned over to the United States its main overseas colonies of Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines while Cuba was promised independence, but at that time remained under the control of the United States Army. The United States annexed the independent Republic of Hawaii in 1898 and it became a United States territory.
Historians regard McKinley's 1896 victory as a realigning election in which the political stalemate of the post-Civil War era gave way to the Republican-dominated Fourth Party System, which began with the Progressive Era. McKinley defeated Bryan again in the 1900 presidential election in a campaign focused on imperialis ...