RevolutionCrossroads/si_us_revolutionary_era_collections huggingface dataset:
Apothecary Jar
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: glass (overall material)
paint (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 10.1 cm x 5.5 cm; 4 in x 2 3/16 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This vase-shaped drug jar has a flared lip and applied round foot. The Baroque-style blue and yellow label with a white oval shield is not marked. Containers with blank labels could be filled with different ingredients depending on the apothecary's needs. When the contents of the jars were replaced the apothecary would write the appropriate name on the medallion.
[None]
PULV: BEZOARD
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: glass (overall material)
paint (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 16.3 cm x 10.5 cm; 6 7/16 in x 4 1/8 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This opaque white blown-glass jar has a wide mouth, flared lip, and applied stepped foot. The baked enamel label features a red and blue stylized wreath framing a gold and red shield topped by a gold crown with red accents. The label inside the shield is marked <i>PULV BEZOARD</i>” in black text with the first initial in red. The opaqueness of the glass comes from the addition of tin oxide in an attempt to mimic porcelain.
This bottle would have contained pulverized Bezoards. Bezoars were small <i>stones</i> found in the stomachs of goats and other grazing animals. When the animal ate something that it could not digest, such as wood, straw, hair, grass or herbs, the accumulatiion of these products created a bezoar. Bezoars were used as medication for such ailments as fevers, plagues, and poisonings. Bezoars were eventually substituted for various salts and herbs in a vinegar solution.
[None]
FL: VISC: H
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: bottle
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: glass (overall material)
paint (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 9.8 cm x 6 cm; 3 7/8 in x 2 3/8 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This opaque white blown-glass jar has a short neck, flared lip, and applied stepped foot. The opaqueness of the glass comes from the addition of tin oxide in an attempt to mimic porcelain. A stylized blue wreath with red and yellow flowers is capped by a yellow crown. The wreath frames the label <i>EL VISC H</i> in black text. This jar would have contained Flowers of Viscus, also known as the flowers of mistletoe and was used to expel poisons.
[None]
Z: ALUM: UST
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: bottle
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: glass (overall material)
paint (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 11.5 cm x 5.5 cm; 4 1/2 in x 2 3/16 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This urn-shaped blown-glass jar has rounded shoulders and a flared neck with a round glass stopper in its mouth. The opaqueness of the glass comes from the addition of tin oxide in an attempt to mimic porcelain. The jar has a gold shield decorated with red and blue flowers, with a label inside the shield that reads <i>ALUM UST</i> in black. This jar would have contained <i>Alumen ustum</i>, or heated alumen. Alumen ustum was chiefly used as a caustic for irritating the skin.
[None]
LUMBRIC
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: bottle
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: glass (overall material)
paint (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 11.5 cm x 5.5 cm; 4 1/2 in x 2 3/16 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This urn-shaped blown-glass jar has rounded shoulders and a flared neck with a round glass stopper. The opaqueness of the glass comes from additing tin oxide to the formula in an attempt to mimic porcelain. The jar has a gold shield decorated with red and blue flowers. The label has the alchemical symbol for Spirits, with the text <i>LUMBRIC</i> in black underneath. This jar would have contained an alcoholic solution of lumbricor, or dried and pounded earthworms. Spirits of Lumbricor was used as a treatment for wounds and ulcers.
[None]
Apothecary Jar, RAD: IPECAC
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
jar
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: glass (overall material)
paint (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 18.5 cm x 9.5 cm; 7 5/16 in x 3 3/4 in
overall: 7 1/2 in x 3 3/4 in; 19.05 cm x 9.525 cm
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Medicine
Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Description: This blown glass drug jar with an "oval-shaped" stopper has rounded shoulders and tapers slightly to terminate in an applied stepped foot. The container has two multi-colored floral vines connected by a blue ribbon at the top and a red ribbon at the bottom creating a wreath. The interior of the wreath is marked with the alchemical symbol for powder and, <i>RAD; IPECAC</i>. The Roman numeral II is etched into the shoulder and the number four is etched into the stopper. The opaque white color of the glass comes from the addition of tin oxide and was meant to imitate porcelain.
[None None None None None]
Apothecary Jar, ACHT: SQUILL
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: bottle
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: glass (overall material)
paint (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 10.3 cm x 5.5 cm; 4 1/16 in x 2 3/16 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This blown glass drug jar is marked, <i>ACHT: SQUILL</i>: The opaque white color of the glass comes from the addition of tin oxide and was meant to imitate porcelain.
[None]
Apothecary Bottle, SPIR: LAVEND
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: bottle
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: glass (overall material)
paint (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 10 cm x 5.8 cm; 3 15/16 in x 2 5/16 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This blown glass bottle is marked <i>SPIR: LAVEND:</i> The opaque white color of the glass comes from the addition of tin oxide and was meant to imitate porcelain. The flowers and leaves of the Lavender plant were used as an aromatic and to eliminate pests. Lavender was used as a medicinal by mixing it with other herbs. It was also used to cure headaches, apoplexy and loss of speech.
[None]
Apothecary Bottle, UNGV: ANIPSOR
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: paint (overall material)
glass (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 21 cm x 10.5 cm; 8 1/4 in x 4 1/8 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This blown glass drug is marked, <i>UNGV: ANIPSOR.</i> The opaque white color of the glass comes from the addition of tin oxide and was meant to imitate porcelain.
[None]
Apothecary Jar, RAD: ARIS
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: glass (overall material)
paint (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 19.8 cm x 9.5 cm; 7 25/32 in x 3 3/4 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This blown glass drug jar is marked with the alchemical symbol most likely Anatomny and <i>RAD: ARIS:</i>. The opaque white color of the glass comes from the addition of tin oxide and was meant to imitate porcelain.
[None]
Apothecary Bottle, FL: TILIAE
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: bottle
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: glass (overall material)
paint (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 23.5 cm x 10 cm x 10.5 cm; 9 1/4 in x 3 15/16 in x 4 1/8 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: A square, blown and molded glass bottle with a gold-colored pendant flanked by sprigs of flowers hangs from a pink ribbon. The interior of the pendant is marked, <i>FL: TILIAE</i> with the alchemical symbol for water (aqua). The opaque white color of the glass comes from the addition of tin oxide and was meant to imitate porcelain.
[None]
ESS RHABARB
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: Bottle
Date made: 18th-19th Century
Physical Description: glass (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 23.5 cm x 11 cm; 9 1/4 in x 4 5/16 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
Description: Hand blown, vase-shaped white opaque glass container with an applied round foot and a round stopper. Marked, "ESS RHABARB". The Roman numeral "XXIV" has been etched into the glass on the back shoulder. The number "15" has been etched into the stopper.
[None None None]
jar
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: Jar
Date made: 18th Century
Physical Description: ceramic (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 30 cm x 14 cm; 11 13/16 in x 5 1/2 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
Religion
Description: This tall urn-shaped drug jar has a grayish-white glaze, straight neck and a round, domed-shaped foot and finial. At the center of the container is a label, created by brown, yellow and green lines. The frame is surrounded at the top by a yellow and green vine and swags of beads and is marked <i>Sem.Anis.et. Coriandr</i>
[None]
Rad. Ratan.
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
jar
date made: 18th century
place made: Italy
Physical Description: ceramic (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 29.5 cm x 13 cm; 11 5/8 in x 5 1/8 in
overall: 11 7/8 in x 5 1/8 in; 30.1625 cm x 13.0175 cm
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This urn–shaped drug jar has a domed lid and rounded finial. The jar has a whitish glaze with a yellow and orange rectangular medallion marked <i>Rad. Ratan.</i> According to Pharmaceutical historian scholar George Urdang, this piece was made in an Italian factory in Urbino established by a Frenchman named Rolet in 1770. In a 1954 letter from Associate Curator of Medicine George Griffenhagen to Urdang it is noted that G. Folch Jou, a renowned Spanish historian of medicine, claims that jars (Squibb Numbers) 483–491 (1997.0664.0559–1991.0664.0567) appear to be of Catalonian Aragonese origin.
[None None None None None]
Cantha-rid
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: ceramic (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 28.7 cm x 14.5 cm; 11 5/16 in x 5 23/32 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This urn–shaped drug jar has a straight neck and a round, domed foot. The lid has a cone–shaped finial. The background glaze is grayish–white. A rectangular label is formed in the center of the jar by thin lines of brown, yellow and green, topped by a small cartouche. The frame is surrounded at its top and bottom by yellow and green vines and black beads. Correspondence in 1954 between Division of Medicine Associate Curator George Griffenhagen and George Urdang notes that the jars appear to be of Catalonian–Aragonese origin. The jar’s label reads <i>Cantha rid.</i> Cantharidin is more widely known as Spanish Fly, a secretion from the male blister beetle. Cantharidin is used as an aphrodisiac and as a blistering agent, an alternative to cupping.
[None]
Cort. Cinnam
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: ceramic (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 31.5 cm x 14.5 cm; 12 13/32 in x 5 23/32 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This urne–shaped drug jar has a grayish–white glaze, a straight neck, and a round, domed foot. The lid has a cone–shaped finial. A rectangular label is formed at the center of the jar by thin lines of brown, yellow, and green, topped by four C–scrolls forming a blue cartouche with a yellow center. The label creates a frame for the jars inscription.
The inscription reads <i>Cort Cinnam.</i> The outer frame is surrounded at its top and bottom by yellow and green vines and swags of beads. Correspondence in 1954 between Division of Medicine Associate Curator George Griffenhagen and George Urdang notes that the jars appear to be of Catalonian–Aragonese origin. This jar would have contained Cortex Cinnamomum, Latin for cinnamon bark which was used as an aromatic to stimulate the appetite and aid digestion.
[None]
Bolus Arme nica
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
date made: 18th century
Physical Description: ceramic (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 25.5 cm x 14 cm; 10 1/32 in x 5 1/2 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This urn–shaped drug jar has a grayish–white glaze, a straight neck, and a round, domed foot. A rectangular label is formed at the center of the jar by thin lines of brown, orange, and yellow, topped by four C–scrolls forming a blue cartouche with a yellow and orange center. The label creates a frame for the jars inscription. The outer frame is surrounded at its top and bottom by green and blue vines and swags of yellow beads.
The inscription reads <i>Bolus Arme nica.</i> Correspondence in 1954 between Division of Medicine Associate Curator George Griffenhagen and George Urdang notes that the jars appear to be of Catalonian–Aragonese origin. The jar would have contained Bolus Armenica, or Armenian Bole. Bolus Armenus consisted of clay and aluminum silicate. It was used as an astringent, and as an absorbent to stop the flow of blood.
[None]
jar
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: Jar
syrup jar
Syrup jar
jar
Date made: 18th Century
Physical Description: ceramic (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 23 cm x 15 cm x 20 cm; 9 1/16 in x 5 7/8 in x 7 7/8 in
overall: 8 1/2 in x 4 7/8 in; 21.59 cm x 12.3825 cm
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
[None None None None None None None]
Sp. diambra. comp
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
date made: 18th century
place made: Italy: Liguria, Savona
Physical Description: ceramic (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 12.5 cm x 8.5 cm; 4 29/32 in x 3 11/32 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Drey, Rudolf E.A.. Apothecary Jars
Continental and British Ceramics
Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This drug jar is decorated with blue arches or false gadroons. In <i>Apothecary Jars</i> by Rudolf Drey, a similar jar to 1991.0664.0648 through 1991.0664.0664, is illustrated, and attributed to Savona, a seaport town in northern Italy, and has a similar blue and manganese pallet. A portrait of a woman with short curly hair secured with a blue band (identical to 1991.0664.0659 and 1991.0664.0661) is painted on the shoulder.
The jar is labeled “Sp. Diambra comp” in black text. The jar would have contained Species Diambra Complete, a powdered medicinal recipe that was similar to Pulvis Aromaticus (cinnamon, cardamom, cloves, nutmeg, and ginger) with the addition of ambergris and musk. The powder was used as a stomachic and tonic, to increase appetite and stimulate digestion.
[None]
Drug Jar
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
jar; Pharmaceutical Container
date made: 18th century
Date made: 1725 - 1775
place made: France
Germany
Physical Description: ceramic (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 20 cm x 12 cm; 7 7/8 in x 4 3/4 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Boger, Louise Ade. The Dictionary of World Pottery and Porcelain
Drey, Rudolf E.A.. Apothecary Jars
Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Description (Brief): This waisted drug jar has a white background with a garland of stylized blue and orange flowers surrounded by green leaves, and a band of gothic-style letters at the waist. The lid has a round orange ball and green leaf finial with a band of blue flowers. George Urdang author of <i>The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy Catalogue</i> attributes this jar to mid–eighteenth century Strasbourg.
[None]
Drug Jar
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
jar; Pharmaceutical Container
date made: 18th century
Date made: 1725 - 1775
place made: France
Germany
Physical Description: ceramic (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 20 cm x 11.5 cm; 7 7/8 in x 4 1/2 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Boger, Louise Ade. The Dictionary of World Pottery and Porcelain
Drey, Rudolf E.A.. Apothecary Jars
Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Description (Brief): This drug jar has a garland of stylized blue and orange flowers surrounded by green leaves. At the waist is a band of gothic-style letters. The lid with its round orange ball and green leaf finial does not appear to be original to the container. George Urdang author of <i>The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy Catalogue</i> attributes this jar to mid–eighteenth century Strasbourg.
[None]
Drug Jar
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
date made: 18th century
place made: France
Physical Description: ceramic (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 20.5 cm x 12.5 cm; 8 1/16 in x 4 15/16 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Boger, Louise Ade. The Dictionary of World Pottery and Porcelain
Drey, Rudolf E.A.. Apothecary Jars
Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Description (Brief): This waisted drug jar has a white back ground with stylized garland of blue and orange flowers surrounded by green leaves. At the waist is a band of gothic-style letters. George Urdang author of <i>The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy Catalogue</i> attributes this jar to mid–eighteenth century Strasbourg.
[None]
U MUNDIFICAT
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
date made: 18th century
place made: France
Physical Description: ceramic (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 27 cm x 13.5 cm; 10 5/8 in x 5 5/16 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Boger, Louise Ade. The Dictionary of World Pottery and Porcelain
Drey, Rudolf E.A.. Apothecary Jars
Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
J. Worth Estes. Dictionary of Protopharmacology: Therapeutic Practices, 1700-1850
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Description (Brief): This straight walled drug jar and lid has a white glaze background and a cartouche created by blue, yellow and purple flowers and a blue ribbon. The dome-shaped lid has a sprig of flowers and an applied handle. George Urdang co-author of <i>The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy Catalogue</i> attributes this container to 18th century Strasbourg in the Alsace region.
<i>The Dictionary of Photopharmacology</i> by John Quincy, an 18th century English apothecary, refers to U Mundificat as Mundificativum Unguentum, a cleansing ointment. The ingredients included honey and wheat flowers which were then boiled until thick.
[None]
Ung: Santalum
Collection: National Museum of American History
Object type: jar
jar; Pharmaceutical Container
date made: 18th century
Date made: 1725 - 1775
place made: France
Germany
Physical Description: ceramic (overall material)
Measurements: overall: 18.3 cm x 11.2 cm; 7 7/32 in x 4 13/32 in
Credit line: Gift of American Pharmaceutical Association and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Publisher: Boger, Louise Ade. The Dictionary of World Pottery and Porcelain
Drey, Rudolf E.A.. Apothecary Jars
Urdang, George and Ferdinand William Nitardy. The Squibb Ancient Pharmacy: A Catalogue of the Collection
Topics: Art
Pharmacy
European Apothecary
Health & Medicine
Description: This waisted drug jar has a white background decorated with stylized garlands of blue and orange flowers surrounded by green leaves. The waist has a band of gothic–style letters that read <i>Ung Santalinum</i>. The foot has a green wash and the lid has a band of blue flowers. The lid has a crack down the center and the finial has broken off. Historian George Urdang attributes this piece to mid–eighteenth century Strasbourg. The jar would have contained Unguentum santalum, or ointment from the "Santalum", or sandalwood tree. The oils from sandalwood were well known for their strong aromas, and were used as an antivenereal and astringent.
[None]